2017-2018學(xué)年高中英語 Module 4 Carnival Section Ⅲ Grammar-復(fù)習(xí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)教學(xué)案 外研版必修5

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1、 Module 4 Carnival Section Ⅲ Grammar-復(fù)習(xí)被動(dòng)語態(tài) 語法圖解 探究發(fā)現(xiàn) ①Hotels are fully booked and the narrow streets are crowded with wonderful costumes. ②They were put into prison because they had broken the law. ③Today, carnival in Venice is celebrated for five days in February. ④I think the problem

2、 can be solved soon. ⑤English lessons are being broadcast on the radio. ⑥Cars will be sent abroad by sea. ⑦He said all the task had been finished by last week. ⑧This kind of clothes washes easily and sells well. [我的發(fā)現(xiàn)] (1)找出①～⑦句中的被動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu) ①are_booked　　　　　　?、趙ere_put_into_prison ③is_celebrate

3、d④can_be_solved ⑤are_being_broadcast⑥will_be_sent ⑦h(yuǎn)ad_been_finished (2)以上句子中，⑧句是用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。 被動(dòng)語態(tài)是動(dòng)詞的一種特殊形式，表示句子的主語是動(dòng)作的承受者，即動(dòng)作的對(duì)象。一般來說，只有及物動(dòng)詞(短語)才有被動(dòng)語態(tài)，不及物動(dòng)詞(短語)沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)。 一、使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)的情況 Mr. White, the cup with mixture was broken after class. 懷特老師，那個(gè)裝有混合液的杯子課后被打破了。 The novel was written by a

4、high school student. 這部小說是由一個(gè)高中生寫的。 [巧學(xué)助記] 誰做的動(dòng)作不知道，說出誰做的沒必要。 動(dòng)作承受者需強(qiáng)調(diào)，用被動(dòng)語態(tài)莫忘了。 二、各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)形式 時(shí)態(tài)名稱 被動(dòng)語態(tài)形式 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) am/is/are＋過去分詞 一般過去時(shí) was/were＋過去分詞 一般將來時(shí) will/shall＋be＋過去分詞 過去將來時(shí) would＋be＋過去分詞 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) am/is/are＋being＋過去分詞 過去進(jìn)行時(shí) was/were＋being＋過去分詞 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) have/has＋been＋過去分詞 過去完成時(shí)

5、had＋been＋過去分詞 [即時(shí)演練1]　用所給動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)形式填空 ①M(fèi)ore students will_be_admitted (admit) to this university next year. ②A new road is_being_built (build) and is expected to open next month. ③(2015·福建高考改編)To my delight, I was_chosen (choose) from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony. ④Thi

6、s kind of chocolate has_been_made (make) several times so far. ⑤He said the work would_be_finished (finish) in half an hour. ⑥When I got there the work had_been_done (do)． 三、被動(dòng)語態(tài)的特殊形式 1．含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)為“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋be＋過去分詞”。 She should be taught how to operate the computer. 應(yīng)該教給她如何操作電腦。 2．“get＋動(dòng)詞的過去分

7、詞”是被動(dòng)語態(tài)的變形，強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果。 The boy got hurt when he was riding to school. 那個(gè)男孩子騎車上學(xué)時(shí)受傷了。 3．動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)語態(tài) The book is said to be published soon. 據(jù)說這本書很快就會(huì)出版。 He seemed to have been told the bad news. 看起來已有人告訴過他這個(gè)壞消息了。 [即時(shí)演練2]　完成句子 ①All the letters should_be_answered immediately. 所有信件均應(yīng)立刻回復(fù)。 ②The oper

8、ation must_be_done at once. 必須馬上做手術(shù)。 ③Nobody got_hurt/injured in the accident. 沒有人在這次事故中受傷。 ④The computer seems to_have_been_used already. Can you give me a new one? 這臺(tái)電腦好像已經(jīng)被用過。你能給我一臺(tái)新的嗎？ 四、主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)意義 1．動(dòng)詞look, sound, feel, smell, taste, seem, turn, fall, grow, keep, go, stay作系動(dòng)詞時(shí)，后跟名詞或形容詞作表

9、語，表示主語的特點(diǎn)，此時(shí)用主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)意義。 The building looks very beautiful. 這棟建筑看上去很美。 2．表示開始、結(jié)束、運(yùn)動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞，如begin, finish, open, stop, move等，用主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)意義。 The shop opens at 8：00 in the morning every day. 商店每天上午八點(diǎn)開始營(yíng)業(yè)。 3．表示主語屬性、特性的動(dòng)詞，如read, write, sell, wash, lock等，用主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)意義。 The new book of Guo Jingming sells

10、 well. 郭敬明的新書賣得很好。 4．be worth 后跟動(dòng)名詞形式，用主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)含義；need, want, require 等詞表示“需要……”，且物作主語時(shí)，后接 doing, 用主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)含義，相當(dāng)于 to be done。 The movie is worth seeing. 這部影片值得一看。 The rumour needs clarifying/to be clarified. 謠言需要澄清。 5．be to blame 或 be to let 也是主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。 He is to blame for the broken windo

11、w. 因?yàn)榇蚱屏舜皯羲麘?yīng)該受到責(zé)備。 6．在“be＋形容詞＋to do”中，不定式的邏輯賓語是句子的主語，用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義；動(dòng)詞不定式在名詞后作定語，不定式和名詞之間有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，且和句中另一名詞或代詞構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系時(shí)，不定式的主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義。 This kind of water isn't fit to drink. 這種水不適合飲用。 I'll give you something to read. 我將給你一些東西讀。 [即時(shí)演練3] (1)用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 ①I have a lot of readings to_complete (complete)

12、before the end of this term. ②In many people's opinion, that company, though relatively small, is pleasant to_deal (deal) with. ③With so much work to_do (do), I have no time to go to the cinema. ④The problem is worth discussing (discuss) again. ⑤The soup tastes (taste) a little sour and a little

13、 sweet. (2)完成句子 ①That driver was_to_blame for the accident. 那位司機(jī)應(yīng)對(duì)此事故負(fù)責(zé)。 ②The house needs repairing/to_be_repaired. 這座房子需要修理。 ③He isn't easy to_get_along_with. 他不易相處。 ④The cloth washes_easily. 這布很好洗。 ⑤The material feels_very_soft. 這種材料摸起來很軟。 五、主動(dòng)語態(tài)變成被動(dòng)語態(tài) 1．將主動(dòng)語態(tài)的賓語用作被動(dòng)語態(tài)的主語，謂語動(dòng)詞變?yōu)椤癰e＋及物

14、動(dòng)詞的過去分詞”，并通過be的變化來表達(dá)出不同的時(shí)態(tài)，其后可接by介詞短語，by后面是動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者(有時(shí)by短語可以省略)。 The teacher asked him to answer the question. 老師讓他回答問題。(變成被動(dòng)語態(tài)) →He was asked to answer the question by the teacher. 2．被動(dòng)語態(tài)的一般疑問句是將一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞置于主語之前；否定句是在第一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞后加not；特殊疑問句的語序?yàn)椤耙蓡栐~＋一般疑問句”。 Where did they grow vegetables? 他們?cè)谀膬悍N菜？(變成被動(dòng)語態(tài))

15、 →Where were vegetables grown by them? 3．含雙賓語的主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，有兩種方法： 一是將間接賓語(人)變?yōu)橹髡Z，直接賓語(物)保持不變； 二是將直接賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，間接賓語用介詞to或for引導(dǎo)。 He told us a story. 他給我們講了一個(gè)故事。(變成被動(dòng)語態(tài)) →We were told a story by him. ＝ A story was told to us by him. Her mother bought her a computer. 她媽媽給她買了一臺(tái)電腦。(變成被動(dòng)語態(tài)) →A compute

16、r was bought for her by her mother. ＝ She was bought a computer by her mother. 4．若主動(dòng)語態(tài)中的謂語是動(dòng)詞短語，在變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，要將動(dòng)詞短語視為一個(gè)整體，其后的介詞或副詞不能省去。 She will take good care of the children. 她將會(huì)照顧好這些孩子。(變成被動(dòng)語態(tài)) →The children will be taken good care of by her. [即時(shí)演練4]　將下列句子改為被動(dòng)句 ①The children gave the foreign g

17、uests a warm welcome. →The_foreign_guests_were_given_a_warm_welcome_by_the_children. ②The news of his sudden success shocked us all. →We_were_all_shocked_by_the_news_of_his_sudden_success. ③We expect you to finish the work in time. →You_are_expected_to_finish_the_work_in_time. ④His father boug

18、ht a computer for him last week. →He_was_bought_a_computer_by_his_father_last_week./A_computer_was_bought_for_him_by_his_father_last_week. ⑤They kept us waiting for a long time. →We_were_kept_waiting_for_a_long_time_by_them. Ⅰ.單句語法填空 1．—Have you moved into the new house? —Not yet. The rooms

19、are_being_painted (paint). 2．More patients have_been_treated (treat) in hospital since last month. 3．She called us that she would_be_delayed (delay) and would arrive in two hours. 4．Do what you are_told (tell); otherwise you will_be_punished (punish)． 5．Books of this kind sell (sell) well. 6．—

20、What do you think of the book? —Oh, excellent. It's worth reading (read) a second time. 7．There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars that road conditions need improving/to_be_improved (improve)． 8．When she was ill in hospital, her children were_taken (take) care of by a nei

21、ghbour. 9．Mum, I was wondering if you could lend me a few dollars until I get paid (pay) on Friday. 10．I soon found that the work I was doing had_been_done (do) by other people. Ⅱ.單句寫作 1．So far nothing has_been_made_clear about the meeting. 到目前為止，有關(guān)會(huì)議的事情一點(diǎn)也沒明確。 2．Those villages are so small

22、that they can't_be_shown on the maps. 那些村子太小不可能標(biāo)在地圖上。 3．The problem is easy_to_solve with his help. 在他的幫助下，這個(gè)問題很容易解決。 4．The number of deaths from heart disease will_be_reduced greatly if people are persuaded to eat more fruits and vegetables. 如果人們被說服了吃更多的水果和蔬菜，那么死于心臟病的人數(shù)將大大減少。 5．The fields aro

23、und us looked_like a golden sea when we were in the countryside. 當(dāng)我們到鄉(xiāng)下時(shí)，我們周圍的田野看起來像金色的海洋。 6．In big cities, cleaning women usually get_paid_by_the_hour. 在大城市，女清潔工通常按小時(shí)得到報(bào)酬。 Ⅲ.短文改錯(cuò) Last summer, my family went to Paris to see my relatives that we hadn't seen them for over 7 years. We left with my

24、 dad because he had to work. The flight was very bored. After about three and the half hours, we finally arrived. One of my uncle picked us up at the airport and drove us to his house, when we had a big dinner. During the next few days, we invited to other relatives' houses to eat. Also, we went thr

25、ough the Louvre, the museum of art to enjoy the MonaLisa. There were so many people that I nearly got losing. In a word, the trip was very interesting and I look forward to go there again. 答案：第一句：去掉them 第二句：with→without 第三句：bored→boring 第四句：the→a 第五句：uncle→uncles; when→where 第六句：invited前加were 第七句：through→to 第八句：losing→lost 第九句：go→going 7