2017-2018學年高中英語 Unit 1 Cultural relics Section Ⅲ Grammar-限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句教學案 新人教版必修2

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1、 Unit 1 Cultural relics Section Ⅲ Grammar-限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句 語法圖解 探究發(fā)現(xiàn) ①This gift was the Amber Room, whichwas given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it. ②The amber whichwas selected had a beautiful yellowbrown colour like honey. ③However, the next King of Prussia,

2、 Frederick William Ⅰ， to whom the amber room belonged, decided not to keep it. ④Later, Catherine Ⅱ had the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Petersburg whereshe spent her summers. ⑤This was a time when the two countries were at war. ⑥There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train

3、 for K?nigsberg, whichwas at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea. [我的發(fā)現(xiàn)] (1)例句①中含which引導的非限制性定語從句；例句②中含which引導的限制性定語從句；在形式上非限制性定語從句與限制性定語從句的區(qū)別在于：關系詞前是否有逗號。 (2)以上例句中含非限制性定語從句的有①③⑥；含限制性定語從句的有②④⑤。 一、定語從句的種類 根據(jù)定語從句與先行詞之間關系的緊密程度，我們將定語從句分為限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句兩種。 1．限制性定語從句 限制性定語從句是先行詞在意義上不可缺少的

4、定語，用于修飾和限定先行詞。如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整。這種從句和主句的關系十分密切，兩者之間不用逗號分開；關系代詞在從句中作賓語時可以省略。引導限制性定語從句的關系代詞有who, whom, whose, that, which, as；關系副詞有where, when, why。 This is the computer (that/which) he bought for his son yesterday. 這是他昨天為兒子買的電腦。 The woman who/that survived the earthquake is Amy's English teacher. 在地

5、震中幸存的那個女人是埃米的英語老師。 2．非限制性定語從句 非限制性定語從句和主句的關系不是十分密切，只是對先行詞或主句作些附加說明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然完整。這種從句和主句之間往往用逗號分開。引導非限制性定語從句的關系詞與引導限制性定語從句的關系詞略有不同。除that和why不能引導非限制性定語從句外，其他都可以。 He is English, which I know from his accent. 他是英國人，那是我通過他的口音知道的。 I heard a terrible noise, which brought my heart into my mouth. 我聽到

6、了一個可怕的聲音，這使我非常害怕。 [即時演練1]　用適當?shù)年P系詞填空 ①Holly, who is from Australia, has a good command of Chinese. ②The dictionary, which our teacher bought yesterday, is helpful to us. ③His parents wouldn't marry her to anyone whose family was poor. ④Finally the thief handed in everything that he had stolen to

7、 the police. ⑤This was the reason why he was late yesterday. 二、限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句的用法比較 1．形式不同 限制性定語從句和主句之間沒有逗號；非限制性定語從句必須用逗號與主句隔開。 Here is the man who has been punished by the boss. 這就是那個被老板懲罰的人。(限制性定語從句) The project, which lasted three years, cost no less than $1 billion. 這個工程歷時三年，耗資多達十億美元。(非

8、限制性定語從句) 2．先行詞不同 限制性定語從句的先行詞只能是一個名詞或代詞，而非限制性定語從句的先行詞可以是一個詞，也可以是整個主句。試比較： This is the best novel that I have ever read. 這是我曾經(jīng)看過的最好的小說。(限制性定語從句，先行詞是novel) The novel, which I read last night, is very interesting. 我昨天晚上看過那部小說了，它非常有意思。(非限制性定語從句，先行詞為novel) The novel is very interesting, which makes

9、 me very excited. 那部小說很有意思，這讓我很興奮。(非限制性定語從句，which指代前面整句話的內(nèi)容) 3．關系詞的使用情況不同 (1)that, why不可用于引導非限制性定語從句，指物時要用which代替that, for which代替why Most people didn't vote for him, which disappointed him. 大多數(shù)人沒有投票支持他，這使他感到失望。 I have told them the reason,for which I changed my mind. 我已經(jīng)告訴了他們我改變主意的原因。 (2)關系

10、代詞替代情況不同 ①關系代詞whom在限制性定語從句中作賓語時可用who代替，但在非限制性定語從句中作賓語時不可用who代替。 This is the man (whom/who/that) we are talking about. 這就是我們正在談論的那個人。(限制性定語從句) The young man had a new girlfriend, whom he wanted to impress. 這位年輕人新交了一個女朋友，他想給她留下印象。(非限制性定語從句) ②在限制性定語從句中，先行詞指人時可以用that引導，但在非限制性定語從句中先行詞指人時，關系代詞只能用who

11、或whom。 She has a younger brother,who is an English teacher. 她有一個弟弟，他是一名英語老師。 (3)關系代詞省略情況不同 關系代詞在限制性定語從句中作賓語時可省略，而非限制性定語從句的所有關系代詞均不可省略。 This is a good film (which/that) I saw a few days ago. 這是我?guī)滋烨翱催^的一部好影片。(限制性定語從句) The summer holiday, which we're looking forward to, is drawing near. 我們盼望的暑假

12、就要來了。(非限制性定語從句) [即時演練2]　 (1)寫出下列句子中which指代的內(nèi)容 ①Mike sold his old furniture, which made his father angry. which 指代Mike_sold_his_old_furniture ②The house which I bought last month has a lovely garden. which 指代the_house (2)補全句子 ①Her sister, who_teaches_us_English,_will go abroad next year. 她的姐

13、姐教我們英語，明年將出國。 ②Here is Mr. White, whom_you've_been_waiting_for a long time. 這就是懷特先生，你等了很久的人。 ③She has found the necklace (that)_she_lost_two_weeks_ago. 她找到了那條兩周前丟失的項鏈。 Ⅰ.用適當?shù)年P系詞填空 1．This is the room where my grandma used to live. 2．This is the room that/which my grandma used to live in. 3．

14、Mr Green said that Suzhou was the first city that he had visited in China. 4．As is known to us all, the rare vase dates back to the Ming Dynasty. 5．The boy who I though to be honest lied to me. 6．I, who is your good friend, will of course try my best to help you out. 7．This was the reason why h

15、e took apart the machine. 8．This is the farm where we picked apples last year. 9．Do you still remember the summer holiday when we made a journey to Beijing? 10．The famous singer, who is from Britain, has a number of devoted fans in China. 11．The old man has two daughters, both of whom work as do

16、ctors. 12．She has several balls, the largest of which is the blue one. Ⅱ.單句寫作 1．They went to the British Museum, where_they_saw_many_famous_artists'_paintings (在那里他們看到了許多著名藝術家的畫作)． 2．As_is_known_to_us_all (眾所周知), books are the source of knowledge. 3．I don't know the reason why_he_didn't_come_to

17、_school_as_usual (他為什么沒有照常來學校)． 4．He is such a man as_is_always_active_and_warm-hearted(一直積極并且熱心的)． 5．Taobao is a website where_you_can_buy_what_you_want (在那里你可以買到你想要的東西) at a good price. 6．The school shop, whose_customers_are_mainly_students (主要顧客是學生), is closed for the holidays. 7．He failed

18、in the exam again, which_surprised_his_parents(這使他的父母很吃驚)． 8．Do you know the number of people who_lost_their_lives(失去了他們的生命) in the traffic accident? 9．The reason why_he_missed_the_class (他為什么誤了課) was quite different from the one that you explained to me. 10．It rained hard yesterday, which_preven

19、ted/stopped_me_from_going_to_the_park (這阻止了我去公園)． Ⅲ.語段填空(用適當?shù)年P系詞填空) The very film 1.that is called Titanic is such a beautiful and sad love story 2.as is popular with the public, 3.whose hero and heroine are Jack and Rose. Rose is a young beautiful woman with 4.whom her mother went to America. Jac

20、k, 5.who won a ship ticket by playing cards, is a poor painter. They met and fell in love with each other on Titanic 6.where they had a happy time. Sadly, the nice journey was destroyed by a huge ice-berg, 7.when Jack lost his life for saving Rose (everyone will be moved by the selfless way in 8.which most people can't behave in real life). Before Jack left Rose forever, he encouraged Rose to live well for him. 9.As is known to all, love is the strongest strength. And that's the reason 10.why Rose could live alone and tell us the moving story. 5