《（全國版）2020版高考英語一輪復習 話題練 第19練 世界與環(huán)境練習（含解析）》由會員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關《（全國版）2020版高考英語一輪復習 話題練 第19練 世界與環(huán)境練習（含解析）（8頁珍藏版）》請在裝配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。
1、第19練 世界與環(huán)境
基礎鞏固
Ⅰ.單句語法填空
1．Theamountofwaterwhichissuitable____________(drink) islessandlessnow.
2．Nowmoreandmorepeoplepaymoreattentiontohow____________(save) water.
3．Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology，itbecomesmoreimportant____________(protect) ourenvironment.
4．InChinaalotofriversandla
2、kesare____________(serious) pollutedbysomefactories.
5．Somewastewaterhasbeenpouredintoriversandlakes，____________(kill) alargenumberoffish.
6．Ifeveryonemakesacontributiontoprotectingtheenvironment，theworld____________(become) muchmorebeautiful.
7．Howtoprotectourenvironmenthasbeenoneofthemostdiffi
3、cult____________(problem) intheworld.
8．Weshouldplantmoreandmoretreesinordertolivebetterand____________(healthy) inthefuture.
9．Itishightimethatthegovernment____________(take) somemeasurestoreducepollution.
10．____________thewholethewarmingoftheearthisaphenomenonthatcausesgreatconcern.
Ⅱ.單句改錯(每小
4、題僅有1處錯誤)
11．Thegovernmentshouldtakeactiontostopthesefactoriesproduceharmfulgases.
12．Asweallknow，environmentalproblemsdirectlyaffectaboutthequalityofpeople’slives.
13．Ifwedon’tsavewater，lastdropofwaterwillbeatear-dropofus.
14．Thevillagersurgedthegovernmenttotakeseveralmeasuretoreducetheheavypoll
5、ution.
15．Withouttheshadefromthetrees，theearthwouldgettoohottolive.
16．Eachofusshouldtryourbesttoprotecttheearthsoitisourhome.
17．Thegrowingspeedofaplantisinfluencedbyanumberoffactors，mostofthemarebeyondourcontrol.
18．You’dbeexposedtoalotlittlepollutionifyoumovedtoatownwithpurewaterandair.
19．N
6、owadaysmanyfactoriesproducelargeamountsofchemicalsarepoisonoustohumanbeings.
20．Nobodyknowsexactwhyandhowdinosaursdisappearedfromtheearthinsuchashorttime.
話題詞匯
1．pollution n．污染
2．a(chǎn)tmosphere n．大氣，氣氛
3．consequence n．結果，后果
4．a(chǎn)ttach great importance to...十分重視……
5．be aware of...意識到……
6．damage v．毀
7、壞
7．make a difference有影響
8．environment n．環(huán)境
9．suffer v．受苦，遭受
10．cause v．導致
能力提升
Ⅲ.閱讀理解
A
(2018·安徽皖北協(xié)作區(qū)聯(lián)考)
Todaytropicalrainforestsaredisappearingfromthefaceoftheglobe.Despitegrowinginternationalconcern，rainforestscontinuetobedestroyedatapaceover80,000acresperday.Worldrainforestcovernowsta
8、ndsataround2.5millionsquaremiles.Humanactivitieshavehadaneffectonmuchofthisremainingarea.
Deforestation(森林濫伐) oftropicalrainforestshasaglobaleffectthroughspeciesextinction，thelossofimportantecosystemservicesandrenewableresources，andthereductionofcarbonsinks.However，thisdestructioncanbeslowed，stoppe
9、d，andinsomecasesevenreversed(逆轉)．Mostpeopleagreethattheproblemmustbesolved，butthemeansarenotassimpleasbuildingfencesaroundtheremainingrainforestsorbanningthewoodtrade.Economic，political，andsocialpressureswillnotallowrainforeststocontinuetoexistiftheyarecompletelyclosedofffromuseanddevelopment.
So，w
10、hatshouldbedone？Thesolutionmustbebasedonwhatispractical，notcompletelyidealisticanddependsondevelopingaconservationapproachbuiltontheprincipleofsustainable(可持續(xù)的) useanddevelopmentofrainforests.Beyondtheresponsibledevelopmentofrainforests，effortstorestoredamagedforestlandsalongwiththeestablishmentofpr
11、otectedareasarekeytosecuringrainforestsforthelong-termbenefitstheycanprovideformankind.
Historicapproachestorainforestconservationhavefailed，asshownbytheincreasedrateofdeforestation.Inmanyregions，closingoffforestsasuntouchableparksandreserveshasneitherimprovedthequalityoflivingoreconomicopportuniti
12、esfortheruralpoor，norstoppedforestclearingbyillegalwoodcuttersanddevelopers.
Theproblemwiththistraditionalapproachtopreservingwildlandsindevelopingcountriesisthatitfailstodeveloppropereconomicmotivesforpreservingtheforest.Localpeopleandthegovernmentitselfmustseefinancialreturnstoprovethecostsofmain
13、tainingparksfromeconomicactivities.
21．Whathascausedsomespeciesextinctioninthetropicalrainforests?
A．Humans’destroyingthetrees.
B．Carbonsinksbeingreduced.
C．Lackingrenewableresources.
D．Fencesnotbeingbuiltaroundtherainforests.
22．Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?
A．Tropicalrainforestscanbeeasi
14、lypreserved.
B．Rainforestsmustbeclosedofftobebetterprotected.
C．Humanactivitieshavehadaneffectontropicalrainforests.
D．Economicreturnscanmakeadifferenceinprotectingtropicalrainforests.
23．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetotropicalrainforestprotection?
A．Indifferent. B．Concerned.
C．Doubtful. D．Puzzled
15、.
24．Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?
A．Toshowthebadeffectsofdeforestation.
B．Tostresstheimportanceoftherainforests.
C．Toappealforrightwaystosavetherainforests.
D．Tointroducethefactofforestsdisappearing.
B
Forcenturies，elephantshaveplayedabigroleintheworld’seconomies，culturesandreligions.TheAfri
16、canelephantsusedtobefoundalloverAfricaandtheAsianelephantsmovedfromSyriatoChinatoIndonesia.Nowadays，elephantsarefoundinsmallgroupsinthesouthoftheSaharaDesertandscarcelyinSoutheastAsia，SriLankaandIndia.
Intheearlytwentiethcentury，therewereclosetotenmillionelephants，andnowtheelephantnumberisaslowas25
17、2,000andexpectedtodropdownto160,000by2025.Between2007and2014，theelephantpopulationfellbyatleast30%，or144,000elephants.AsresearchershavetraveledovertheAfricanplains，theyonlyspottedoneherdof36elephantsinanarealikethesizeofMexico.Itisclearthatthesegentlemammalsaredisappearingrightbeforeoureyes.
Therea
18、remanyreasonswhytheelephantpopulationhasbeendecreasing，oneofwhichistheirhabitat.Humansarecompetingwithelephantsforlivingspace，andasmoreandmorehumansclearthelandthatisbeingusedbyelephants，theelephantshavelessspace.Elephanthuntingor“poaching”hasbeenamajorfactorforthedisappearanceofthisspecies，andtheya
19、rekilledonlyfortheirvaluableivorytusks.Althoughthetradeoftusksisillegal，itisstillacommonpracticeinmanyplaces.
Often，allthelocalpeoplelivingamongelephantswouldbefarmers，andfoundthattheycouldmakemoremoneybysellingthetusksofoneelephantthandoingmanuallaborfortwelveyears.Thatalonemakesitreallyhardtoprev
20、entthemfromkillingtheelephants.
SomeplacessuchasBotswana，haveputinextraefforttoprotecttheirwildlifefrompoachersbyfoundingtheirBotswanaDefenseForce，whichismadeupofaround700specially-trainedsoldiersthatarestationedin40differentareas.Youmayfeelworriedaboutthepresentsituationselephantsarein，butthereare
21、waystohelp.Tofindouthowyoucanhelpelephantconservation，adoptanelephant，ordonate，clickhere.
25．ThenumberslistedinParagraph2showthat________.
A．humansdon’tcareforelephants
B．elephantshavebeennexttoextinction
C．elephantshavebecomegentlerthanbefore
D．elephantshavegainedmoreattention
26．Whatisthebig
22、gestfactorforthedisappearingelephants?
A．Lessspace. B．Alackoffood.
C．Sufferingfromadisease. D．Elephanthunting.
27．Whyisithardtobankillingtheelephantsamongthefarmers?
A．Theirtusksareprofitable.
B．Elephantsaredestroyingtheirfieldscruelly.
C．Farmershopetomakealivingbysellingtheirmeat.
D．Farmer
23、spracticetheirhuntingskillsbykillingelephants.
28．Whatisthepurposeofthistext?
A．Topersuadereaderstomakeadonation.
B．Toguidereadershowtoprotectelephants.
C．Toencouragereaderstohelpprotectelephants.
D．Tointroducethedecreasingnumberofelephants.
Ⅳ.短文改錯
(2018·廣東湛江二模)
Whatissomethingyoucan’tseebut
24、isallaroundyou？Whatholdanairplaneinthesky？Theanswerwithallthesequestionsisair.Thoughyoucan’tseeair，butyouknowit’sthere.Youcanfeelthem.Airisamixtureofinvisiblegas.Putyourhandsonyourchestandtakedeepbreath.Whathappens？Yourchestrisessoyourlungsarefilledwithair.Also，thetiresonbikes，cars，trucksandbusesnee
25、dairtokeeproll.Theatmosphereblocksoutmuchofthesun’sharmfulrays.The atmosphere traps the heat from the sun.It makes our world warmly enough for life to grow.
答案解析
Ⅰ.1.todrink 2.tosave 3.toprotect 4.seriously 5.killing6．willbecome 7.problems 8.healthier 9.shouldtake/took10．On
Ⅱ.11.Thegovernmentshou
26、ldtakeactiontostopthesefactoriesharmfulgases.
12．Asweallknow，environmentalproblemsdirectlyaffectaboutthequalityofpeople’slives.
13．Ifwedon’tsavewater，lastdropofwaterwillbeatear-dropofus.
14．Thevillagersurgedthegovernmenttotakeseveraltoreducetheheavypollution.
15．Withouttheshadefromthetrees，theea
27、rthwouldgettoohottolive.
16．Eachofusshouldtryourbesttoprotecttheearthitisourhome.
17．Thegrowingspeedofaplantisinfluencedbyanumberoffactors，mostofarebeyondourcontrol.
18．You’dbeexposedtoalotpollutionifyoumovedtoatownwithpurewaterandair.
19．Nowadaysmanyfactoriesproducelargeamountsofchemicalsarepoi
28、sonoustohumanbeings.
20．Nobodyknowswhyandhowdinosaursdisappearedfromtheearthinsuchashorttime.
Ⅲ.
語篇解讀 如今，熱帶雨林正面臨嚴重的生存危機，為世界敲響了環(huán)保警鐘。人類應采取更加實際、有效的措施來保護熱帶雨林。
21．A [細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Deforestation(森林濫伐) of tropical rainforests has a global effect through species extinction”可知，人類對熱帶雨林的濫砍濫伐導致熱帶雨林一些物種的滅絕
29、。故選A。]
22．D [推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Economic，political，and social pressures will not allow rainforests to continue to exist if they are completely closed off from use and development.”可推知經(jīng)濟效益對保護熱帶雨林有一定影響。故選D。]
23．B [觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第二段和第四段的內(nèi)容可知，作者講述了熱帶雨林正在消失的現(xiàn)狀并提出了一些保護措施已經(jīng)無效的問題。由此可以推斷出作者對熱帶雨林保護持擔憂的態(tài)度。故選B。]
24．C
30、 [寫作目的題。通讀全文并根據(jù)最后兩段可知，作者認為傳統(tǒng)的保護熱帶雨林的方法無效，呼吁大家分享合適的保護措施。故選C。]
語篇解讀 本文主要講了大象在經(jīng)濟、文化和宗教上都起了很重要的作用，而現(xiàn)在由于種種原因，大象的數(shù)量在急劇減少。作者在這里呼吁人們保護野生大象。
25．B [推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的數(shù)據(jù)252 000,160 000,144 000,36可知，大象的數(shù)量在不斷地減少，所以它們有瀕臨滅絕的危險。故選B。]
26．D [細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Elephant hunting or ‘poaching’ has been a major factor for the
31、disappearance of this species，and they are killed only for their valuable ivory tusks.”可知，導致大象滅絕最主要的原因是人類對大象的捕殺。故選D。]
27．A [推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知，農(nóng)民捕殺大象的現(xiàn)象很難被禁止的原因是象牙很賺錢。故選A。]
28．C [寫作目的題。通讀全文尤其是文中最后一段的最后兩句可知，作者寫作本文是想鼓勵人們保護大象。故選C。]
Ⅳ.
Whatissomethingyoucan’tseebutisallaroundyou？Whatanairplaneinthes
32、ky？Theanswerallthesequestionsisair.Thoughyoucan’tseeair，butyouknowit’sthere.Youcanfeel.Airisamixtureofinvisible.Putyourhandsonyourchestandtakedeepbreath.Whathappens？Yourchestrisesyourlungsarefilledwithair.Also，thetiresonbikes，cars，trucksandbusesneedairtokeep.Theatmosphereblocksoutofthesun’sharmfulrays.Theatmospheretrapstheheatfromthesun.Itmakesourworldenoughforlifetogrow.
8
（全國版）2020版高考英語一輪復習 話題練 第19練 世界與環(huán)境練習（含解析）
