2020年高考英語 專題十一 短文改錯(cuò)說明類專練（含解析）

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1、專題十一 短文改錯(cuò)說明類專練 （90分鐘 100分） 考點(diǎn)01：冠詞 3顆星 考點(diǎn)02：代詞 3顆星 考點(diǎn)03：介詞和介詞短語 2顆星 考點(diǎn)04: 名詞 3顆星 考點(diǎn)05：主謂一致 5顆星 考點(diǎn)06：形容詞和副詞 5顆星 考點(diǎn)08：非謂語動(dòng)詞 5顆星 考點(diǎn)09：動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài) 5顆星 考點(diǎn)10：定語從句 3顆星 考點(diǎn)11 名詞性從句 3顆星 考點(diǎn)12 并列連詞 4顆星 考點(diǎn)13 狀語從句 3顆星 考點(diǎn)28：短文改錯(cuò)說明文專練 5顆星 短文改錯(cuò)（每題1分，共40分） 假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫

2、的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。 增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。 刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(＼)劃掉。 修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。 注意： 1. 每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞； 2. 只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。 A Chinese Dream is made up of ordinary people dreams. If someone as

3、ks me how 考點(diǎn)11 my Chinese dream is, and 考點(diǎn)12 I will answer it without hesitation：to be a good doctor. The reason when 考點(diǎn)10 I want to be a doctor is because考點(diǎn)11 I want to save as many lives that 考點(diǎn)13 I can. If 考點(diǎn)13 I was young, I got seriously injured in a terrible accident. Thanks to the doctors’ e

4、fforts, so I was brought back to life. Since then, which考點(diǎn)11 has always encouraged me is to be a good doctor. To make sure of 考點(diǎn)11 my dream can be realized, I have been studying hard so as考點(diǎn)13 I can be admitted into a good medical college. Only in this way can I achieve my goal.

5、 B As we all know, to change the entire world is absolute考點(diǎn)06 impossible. But a number of small change考點(diǎn)04 can make a big difference. Every one has tasks that they fear to doing考點(diǎn)08. Think of a task that your dear one hated考點(diǎn)09, and do it

6、 for him or her! You can imagine the pleasure where 考點(diǎn)13 you see your bathroom unexpectedly cleaned. Next, whether your talent is singing, cooking and考點(diǎn)12 giving good advice, share it. You may not think your talent is interesting, but they 考點(diǎn)02 can make the world a better place. Start 考點(diǎn)01 conversat

7、ion with someone. It feels great to have a good conversation that connects you with someone. Whoever you choose from考點(diǎn)03, making a meaningful conversation can make newer 考點(diǎn)06 connections or strengthen old ones. C ??? As is well know考點(diǎn)08, books teach us to learn life, truth, science and many other

8、useful things. They increased考點(diǎn)09 our knowledge, broaden our minds and strengthen our character. In the other words, they are our good teachers and wise friend考點(diǎn)04. This is the reason that考點(diǎn)10 our parents always encourage us to read more books. ??? Read考點(diǎn)08 is a good thing, but we must pay greatly考

9、點(diǎn)06 attention to the choice of books. It is true that we can get benefits 考點(diǎn)03good books. Otherwise考點(diǎn)06, bad books will do us much 考點(diǎn)06 harm than good. D ??? Jo worked at a bush school whose classrooms was 考點(diǎn)05 made of bamboo and the roofs of grass. It took the students about two hours 考點(diǎn)08 get to

10、 the school. The other day, Jo visited Tombe’s home in a remoting考點(diǎn)06 village. When they arrived at the village, Tombe’s mother was working in her garden. Tombe’s father led them to their 考點(diǎn)02 house, a low bamboo hut with grass stick 考點(diǎn)08 out of the roof, which考點(diǎn)10 she could only see one broom, a fe

11、w tin plates and cup and a couple of jars. That 考點(diǎn)11 they ate to?were sweet potatoes, corn and greens. That night Jo and Jenny slept in 考點(diǎn)03 a newly made platform. They left the village next morning after many goodbyes and handshakes. 語法填空（每題1.5分，共60分） 閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 （1） Alfred

12、 Alder, a famous psychiatrist, had???????考點(diǎn)01?interesting experience. When he was a small boy he got off to a poor start in arithmetic(算術(shù)).His teacher got the idea that he had no ability in arithmetic, and told his parents?????????考點(diǎn)11 she thought in order that they would not expect too much of him.

13、 In this way, they too developed the idea,“Isn’t it too bad????????考點(diǎn)11 Alfred can’t do arithmetic?” He accepted their mistaken estimate of his ability, feeling that it was useless to try. ?????One day he became very angry at the teacher and the other students because they laughed when he said he s

14、aw how to do a problem????????考點(diǎn)10 none of the other students had been able to solve. ?????Adler succeeded in solving the problem. This gave him confidence. He rejected the idea????????考點(diǎn)11 he could not do arithmetic and was determined to show them that he could. His?????????考點(diǎn)04 (angry) and his ne

15、w found faith stimulated him to go at arithmetic problems with a new spirit. He now worked?????????考點(diǎn)03 interest, determination, and purpose, and he soon became????????考點(diǎn)06 (extraordinary) good at arithmetic. He not only proved that he can do arithmetic, but he learned early in life from his own exp

16、erience,if a person?????????考點(diǎn)09 (go) at a job in determination and purpose, his ability may make himself as well as others??????????考點(diǎn)06 (astonish). （2） ??? Chinese proverbs are rich and they are still widely used in Chinese people’s daily life.①__________考點(diǎn)03.these proverbs there are often int

17、eresting stories. For example, the proverb, “plucking up a crop ②__________考點(diǎn)08 (help) it grow”, is based on the following story. It is said that a short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty (960—1279) was very anxious to help ③__________考點(diǎn)02. rice crop grow up quickly. He was thinking about ④__________

18、考點(diǎn)02.day and night. But the crop was growing much slower than he expected. One day, he came up with an idea⑤__________考點(diǎn)11 he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches. He did so the next day. He was very tired ⑥__________考點(diǎn)13 doing this for a whole day, ⑦_(dá)_________考點(diǎn)12 he felt very happy since th

19、e crop did “grow”⑧__________考點(diǎn)06 (high). His son heard about this and went to see the crop. Unfortunately, the leaves of the crop began to wither. This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their⑨__________考點(diǎn)06 (nature) course. Being too anxious to help an event develop often⑩__________考點(diǎn)04

20、(result) in the contrary to our intention. （3） ? In much of Asia, especially the so-called "rice bowl" cultures of China, Japan, Korea, ①?__________考點(diǎn)12 Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks. ??? Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of

21、 plastic, animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might ②__________考點(diǎn)09 (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters. Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal ③__________考點(diǎn)08 (create) special designs. ??? The Chinese have used cho

22、psticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots, ④__________考點(diǎn)08 (use) twigs(樹枝) to remove it. Over time, ⑤__________考點(diǎn)13 the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. ??? Food in small pieces could be eaten easily w

23、ith twigs which ⑥__________考點(diǎn)06 (gradual) turned into chopsticks. ??? Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, ⑦_(dá)_________考點(diǎn)10 lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the ⑧__________考點(diǎn)04 (develop) of chopsticks. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and

24、 ⑨__________考點(diǎn)05 (be) too violent for use at the table. ??? Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat ⑩__________考點(diǎn)03 their hands. （4）??? VanMoof has come up with a nice way ①____________考點(diǎn)08 (make) sure its products arrive safely to the cus

25、tomers —printing a flatscreen TV on their delivery boxes instead of?②____________考點(diǎn)01 bicycle. ??? VanMoof plans to sell 90 percent of the bicycles online by 2020, but after seeing most of their products being damaged during deliveries, the company ③____________考點(diǎn)05/09 (leave) with two options eith

26、er rethink its business plan?④____________ 考點(diǎn)12 come up with an effective ⑤____________考點(diǎn)04 (solve). Luckily, they managed to come up with something so brilliant?that it’s bound to he copied by other companies?⑥____________ 考點(diǎn)10 rely heavily on online sales. ?? “No matter who was doing the shipping

27、, too many of ⑦_(dá)___________考點(diǎn)02 (we) bikes got damaged. It was getting expensive for us, and annoying for our customers," creative director Bex Rad wrote on the company blog. “Then our co-founder Ties had a flash of genius. Flatscreen televisions always arrive?⑧____________ 考點(diǎn)03 perfect condition. W

28、hat if we just printed a flatscreen TV on the side of our boxes?" ??? Believe it or not, ⑨____________ 考點(diǎn)06 (simple) printing a flatscreen TV on the boxes worked wonders. As the damage control method spread online, it received positive feedback, with people ⑩____________ 考點(diǎn)08 (describe) the idea as

29、 "clever” . 參考答案 一、短文改錯(cuò) A、答案：Chinese Dream is made up of ordinary people dreams. If someone asks me my Chinese dream is, I will answer it without hesitation：to be a good doctor. The reason I want to be a doctor is I want to save as many lives I can. I was young, I g

30、ot seriously injured in a terrible accident. Thanks to the doctors’ efforts， I was brought back to life. Since then， has always encouraged me is to be a good doctor. To make sure / my dream can be realized, I have been studying hard so I can be admitted into a good medical college. Only in this way

31、 can I achieve my goal. B、答案： As we all know, to change the entire world is impossible. But a number of small can make a big difference. Every one has tasks that they fear to . Think of a task that your dear one , and do it for him or her! You can imagine the pleasure you see your bathro

32、om unexpectedly cleaned. Next, whether your talent is singing, cooking giving good advice, share it. You may not think your talent is interesting, but can make the world a better place. Start conversation with someone. It feels great to have a good conversation that connects you with someone. Who

33、ever you choose from, making a meaningful conversation can make connections or strengthen old ones. 解析： 第一處:absolute→absolutely?？疾楦痹~。此處應(yīng)用副詞修飾后面的形容詞impossible。 第二處:change→changes考查名詞：a number of修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，所以應(yīng)用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。 第三處:doing→do?？紪斯潭ù钆?。fear to do sth."害怕做某事"。 第四處:hated→hates?？紪藭r(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。全文時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)

34、在時(shí)，且此處主語為your dear one，為第三人稱單數(shù)，所以用hates。 第五處:where→when?？疾闋钫Z從句。本句意為"你可以想象當(dāng)你看到你的浴室出乎意料地被打掃干凈時(shí)的那份快樂"。 故用when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。 第六處:and→or?？疾檫B詞。根據(jù)前面的whether和is以及后面的share it可知,列舉的幾個(gè)才能之間應(yīng)是選擇關(guān)系，所以用or。 第七處:they→it?？紪舜~。此處的代詞指代前面的your talent， 所以用it。 第八處:conversation前加a考査冠詞。結(jié)合下文可知，此處應(yīng)用a表示泛指。 第九處:刪除choose后的from?？?/p>

35、査介詞。根據(jù)句意及句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處意為"不論你選擇誰"，Whoever為choose的賓語。 第十處:newer→new?？疾樾稳菰~。進(jìn)行有意義的交談可以制造新的聯(lián)系或加強(qiáng)舊的聯(lián)系，形容詞new和后面的old相對(duì)應(yīng)，不用比較級(jí)形式。 C、答案：??? As is well , books teach us to learn life, truth, science and many other useful things. They our knowledge, broaden our minds and strengthen our character. In the

36、other words, they are our good teachers and wise . This is the reason our parents always encourage us to read more books. ??? is a good thing, but we must pay attention to the choice of books. It is true that we can get benefits ?good books. , bad books will do us harm than good. D、答案：??

37、? Jo worked at a bush school whose classrooms? made of bamboo and the roofs of grass. It took the students about two hours ?get to the school. The other day, Jo visited Tombe’s home in a? village. When they arrived at the village, Tombe’s mother was working in her garden. Tombe’s father led them to?

38、 house, a low bamboo hut with grass? out of the roof,? she could only see one broom, a few tin plates and? and a couple of jars.? they ate to?were sweet potatoes, corn and greens. That night Jo and Jenny slept? a newly made platform. They left the village next morning after many goodbyes and handsha

39、kes. 二、語法填空 （1）答案： an; what; that; which/that; that; anger; with; extraordinarily; goes; astonished 解析： 1.experience在此表示“經(jīng)歷”,是可數(shù)名詞;此處泛指“一次有趣的經(jīng)歷”,用不定冠詞 。 2.該詞引導(dǎo)賓語從句,并在從句中作thought的賓語,指事物,故填what。 3.it是形式主語,要填的詞引導(dǎo)從句作真正主語,而主語從句不缺少成分,表達(dá)陳述意義,所以用that。 4.所填的詞引導(dǎo)定語從句,修飾先行詞problem,并在從句中作賓語,故填which或

40、that。 5.該詞引導(dǎo)idea的同位語從句,從句不缺少成分,意義也完整,故填that。 6.前面有his作定語,與his new found faith —起作主語,故填名詞anger。 7.此處表示“帶有,有”意義,所以應(yīng)該填介詞with。 8.修飾形容詞good,意為“極其,極端地”,用副詞。 9.if引導(dǎo)的從句講的是事實(shí),所以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),主語是a person,故填goes。 10.在動(dòng)詞make后作賓語補(bǔ)足語,表示賓語的狀態(tài)和感受,故填形容詞astonished“驚訝的”。 （2）答案：Behind/In; to help; his; this/it;

41、that; after/from; but/yet; higher; natural; results （3）答案：and; be made; to create; using; as/when; gradually; who; development; were; with 解析： ①考查并列連詞。這里列舉了一些亞洲的國家,它們是并列關(guān)系,故填and。 ②考查固定詞組。sth. be made of精美的筷子可能非由金或銀制成的筷子莫屬。.....某物由......制成,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后跟動(dòng)詞原形,故填be made。 ③考查不定式作目的狀語。技術(shù)嫻熟的工人會(huì)把各種各樣的

42、硬質(zhì)木材和金屬結(jié)合起來,以創(chuàng)造出特殊風(fēng)格的筷子。這里用不定式表目的,故填to create。 ④考查現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語。人們可能使用大鍋煮食物,用樹枝把鍋移開,use的邏輯主語是people,兩者是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,用現(xiàn)在分詞表示伴隨狀況,故填using。 ⑤考查時(shí)間狀語從句。句意:隨著人口的增長,人們開始把食物切成小塊,這樣可以煮得快一點(diǎn),這里是時(shí)間狀語從句,when意為“當(dāng)……時(shí)候”,后跟長動(dòng)作或短動(dòng)作,故填as/when。 ⑥考查副詞。副詞修飾動(dòng)詞或形容詞,這里修飾動(dòng)詞短語turned into,應(yīng)該用副詞,故填gradually。 ⑦考查非限制性定語從句。劇中有逗號(hào),說明是非限制性定語

43、從句,先行詞是Confucius筷子,定語從句缺少主語,且指人,故填who。 ⑧考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。the+名詞+of,意為“……的……”,這里指“筷子的發(fā)展”,故填development。 ⑨考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句意可知,這里指的是刀子因太暴力而不適合在餐桌上使用,believed后跟一個(gè)賓語從句,and連接了兩個(gè)并列的謂語,主語knives是復(fù)數(shù),根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)一致的原則,這里用一般過去時(shí),故填were。 ⑩考查介詞。句意:在印度,大部分人還是用傳統(tǒng)的吃飯方法——用手拿,with+表示具體工具的名詞,故填with。 （4）答案：1. to make 2. a 3. was left 4

44、. or 5. solution 6. that/which 7. our 8. in 9. simply 10. describing 解析： VanMoof公司通過改變快遞包裝盒上的圖案成功地減少了在運(yùn)輸過程中對(duì)其產(chǎn)品的損壞。 1.?to make考査非謂語動(dòng)詞。表示"……的方法"可以用the way to do。 2.?a考查冠詞。此處表示在物流箱上印一個(gè)平板電視而不是一輛自行車的圖案?？仗幮揎椏蓴?shù)名詞單數(shù),表示泛指,且bicycle的發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭,故空格處填入a。 3.?was left考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。公司現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)想到新的舉措, 因此,該段介紹它所面對(duì)的問題是過去的事

45、,因此用一般過去時(shí);句子的主語the company與leave之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系, 故用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。 4.?or 考査連詞。either...or.或者......或者......?"。 5.?solution考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換?？仗幱衑ffective修飾,作come up with的賓語,應(yīng)用名詞。 6.?that/Which考査定語從句?？崭裉幰龑?dǎo)定語從句,修飾先行詞other companies,在定語從句中作主語,故用that或which。 7.?our考査代詞。修飾中心名詞,表示"我們的",故用形容詞性物主代詞。 8. in考査介詞。in. .. condition”狀況?"是固定搭配。 9.?simply考査詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。修飾v-ing形式,表示"僅僅,只”, 應(yīng)用副詞。 10.?describing考査非謂語動(dòng)詞。此處構(gòu)成with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu) "with +賓語+賓補(bǔ)”,賓語people與describe之間為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,故用v-ing形式表主動(dòng)。 11