2020年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)資料 第11講 牛津版必修3 Unit3 Back to the past

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1、2020年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)資料 第11講 牛津版必修3 Unit3 Back to the past 【考點(diǎn)透視】 I 重點(diǎn)短語 take over接管、占據(jù) take off 脫掉（衣帽等）、切除（物）、動身、（飛機(jī)等）起飛、請（幾天）假 take… off…從（價格）中減去…… take on 雇用（某人）、承擔(dān)（工作）、呈現(xiàn)、流行 take out 取出 1. take to喜歡上（某人）、開始（……）、養(yǎng)成……的惡習(xí) take up拿起、占有、開始、繼續(xù)、（車輛等）搭載（乘客） take in吸收、包括、了解、理解、欺騙、收留（某人）住宿 take back取回

2、（某物）、收回（承諾等）、歸還 take after（長得）像（父母等） take… for…把……當(dāng)作……、誤認(rèn)……為…… ①求助于 ②翻到（書的某頁） 2. turn to ③變成 ④開始工作 ⑤把注意力導(dǎo)向…… ①[U]毀滅 the ~ of civilization ②[C]常用pl. 廢墟、遺址 the ~s of ancient Rome 3. ruin ③ in ruins 成為廢墟的、荒蕪的 ④ bring … to ruin 使……毀滅 ⑤ fall in/into ruin = go to ruin 滅亡；荒蕪 ⑥vt.

3、Heavy smoking ruined his health. ruin oneself ruin/ destroy/ damage 都含有“破壞、毀滅”的意思，但有區(qū)別： destroy指徹底毀壞不能或很難修復(fù)。 damage指價值、用途降低或外表損壞等，不一定全部破壞，損壞了還可以修復(fù)。 ruin現(xiàn)在多用于借喻中，泛指一般的“弄壞了”。 remains ①pl. 剩余、殘留物；② pl. 遺體、尸首 ①link v. 保持，仍然處于(某種狀態(tài)) = still to be = continue to be = stay 4. remain

4、 后接形容詞、名詞.、分詞、不定式或介詞短語等 ②vi 剩下 ，還有 ≠ stay remaining adj.剩下的 the remaining time = the time left (注意remaining和left的位置變化) 比較：remain / stay ①作連系動詞，意為“繼續(xù)保持某一狀態(tài)”（continue to be）時，?？苫Q。 ②表示“剩余”、“殘存”時，通常只用remain，而不用stay。 ③remain暗指呆在原地或保持原來的形狀或狀態(tài)。只能用作不及物動詞，故無被動式，不能帶賓語。主語可以是人，也可以是物。 ④stay

5、指在某地作短暫停留，或逗留在一定的場所。主語通常是人。 be involved in 熱衷于、專心于、參與、卷入、牽涉到 5. involve oneself with 和……混在一起、和……有牽連 involve sth. 包含、需要 winning the game involves both skill and fortune. ① = take … away移開 ② = take off脫掉 6. remove … from… ③ =get rid of除掉、清除 ④ =dismiss… from… 撤職 ⑤ =move 搬家 ①“環(huán)境、情

6、況、條件”，常用pl. ②[U]“狀態(tài)、狀況”，但可與a連用 in good condition ; in a terrible condition 7. condition ③“環(huán)境、情況”，其前的介詞用under / in ④ on condition that “在……條件下” in a condition to do sth. 宜于做某事 on no condition 在任何條件下都不 ① n. / pron. 8. require + ② sb. to do sth. ③ doing/ to be done ④ 從句 用虛擬語氣 (shou

7、ld) + 動詞原形 in return (for…) 作為（對……的）回報 / 報答 by return （接信后）立即作復(fù) Many happy returns (of the day)! 祝你長壽！祝你長命百歲！ 9. in turn 依次地 by turns 輪流地 take turns to do sth. = take turns at doing sth.輪流做某事 It’s one’s turn to do sth.輪到某人做某事 carry out實(shí)施、執(zhí)行、進(jìn)行 10. carry on進(jìn)行、繼續(xù)。有時可跟動名詞 carry on with

8、繼續(xù)做（某事） carry off奪走（獎賞）、帶走 ①adj. 主要的、重要的、較大的 11. major ②n. 主修科目、主修學(xué)生 ③vi. 主修 （in +科目） in memory of 12. = to the memory of為紀(jì)念…… （只用于對已故人的懷念） in honor of = in one’s honor 為紀(jì)念…… （既可用于對已故人的紀(jì)念，也可用于對活人的敬意） goods 貨物、商品、財產(chǎn)。（復(fù)數(shù)形式，無單數(shù)形式，不可與數(shù)詞連用，但可與many，these，those等連用。作主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。） 1

9、3. possession （pl.）財產(chǎn)；所有物； [U] 持有；具有 wealth [U] 財富 II 重點(diǎn)句型 1. Unfortunately, all the people were buried alive, so was the city. 2. A saying goes that Rome wasn’t built in a day. (= As the saying goes,) 3. I am very honored and grateful that you have come today. 4. Not only was Rome a cit

10、y and a republic, but it was also to become the capital of one the largest empires in history. 5. There is another similarity between China and Rome. 【題例精析】 【例1】A large number of students in our school ______from the countryside; the number _______ growing these years. （2020上海育才2月交流卷） A. is;

11、 has been B. are; has been C. is; have been D. are; have been 【易錯點(diǎn)悟】解答該題的關(guān)鍵是要注意a number of 和the number of 后接名詞復(fù)數(shù)作主語時的主謂一致關(guān)系。 【要點(diǎn)精析】a number of意思為“許多”，后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語時，應(yīng)視為復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式； the number of后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞，意思為“……的數(shù)量”，表示單數(shù)意義，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式。 【答案】B 【例2】—O’Neal works hard. —So he does. He is often

12、seen _____ heavily before his teammates have even arrived at practice. （2020浙江余杭中學(xué)2月卷） A. to be sweated B. sweated C. be sweated D. sweating 【易錯點(diǎn)悟】解答該題關(guān)鍵是要正確處理好“感覺動詞、使役動詞”主動形式與被動形式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中動詞的選用。 【答案解析】根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，感覺動詞see用于被動結(jié)構(gòu)，選項(xiàng)A、C不可以用于這一結(jié)構(gòu)中；選項(xiàng)B為被動意義，不成立；只有選項(xiàng)D(sweating)現(xiàn)在分詞與be seen構(gòu)成復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)

13、，強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)。 【答案】D 【單元檢測】 單項(xiàng)填空 1. Mr. Wang has been selected ________ chairman of the conference. A. a B. an C. the D. / 2. Housework _____ cooking, washing dishes, sweeping and cleaning. A. involving B. involving in C. involves D. involves in 3. The emergency ________ t

14、hat the police should be called at once. A. insists B. suggests C. requires D. advises 4. ―Are you very anxious? ―Yes. Ten minutes ________ like an hour when you are waiting for a phone call. A. seem B. seems C. do D. does 5. ―What do you think of Peter? ―He is

15、a helpful person. He is always helping people without expecting anything _____. A. in turn B. in return C. on his return D. on the turn 6. The refugees (難民)have been fed, clothed and _____ by welfare organizations around the world. A. stored B. collected C. housed D. provid

16、ed 7. ―Why didn’t you join them? You are ________. ―I had to receive an unexpected visitor. A. wanted to B. wanted to have C. supposed to D. supposed to have 8. John is the only son of the couple, so it is certain that he will ______ the big business when his father gets old. A. hand

17、 over B. take over C. go over D. turn over 9. With more forests _______, huge quantities of good earth are being washed away. A. being destroyed B. destroyed C. to be destroyed D. destroying 10. Nothing _________ after the terrible fire which had been cause by someone smoking

18、in bed. A. remained B. left C. continued D. kept 11. The meeting being over, I found her _____ at the desk and ____ to music. A. seating; listened B. seated; listened C. seating; listening D. seated; listening 12. ________ as one, the people of that country eventually drove t

19、he invaders out of their country. A. Linked B. Combined C. Joined D. United 13. A monument was set up at the centre of Tian’anmen Square _____ those who devoted their lives to our country. A. in praise of B. in place of C. in memory of D. in need of 14. Some young people ar

20、e holding a birthday party next door, and the noise nearly _____ me crazy. A. let B. get C. make D. drive 15.－You didn’t get hurt at all in the traffic accident? －_______. I was a lucky dog. A. No problem B. I don’t think so C. I’m afraid not D. Good heavens no 完形

21、填空 One fine evening a man walked into a fast - food chicken place and bought a nine - piece bucket of chicken. He 16 his chicken to the park for a romantic picnic under the moonlight with his 17 . Upon reaching into the 18 , however, he received a 19 . Instead of chicken he discovered nine

22、 thousand dollars! The young man 20 the bucket back to the store and asked for his 21 exchange for the money. The manager, 22 by the young man’s honesty, asked for his name and told him he wanted to call the 23 and the local news station to do a morality (道德說教) that would 24 others. “My d

23、ate’s waiting, I just want my chicken,” the hungry man refused. The manager was deeply struck by the young man’s humility (謙虛). He 25 to be allowed to tell the story on the news. At this the honest man became 26 with the manager and demanded his chicken. “You are an honest man in a (an) 27

24、world! This is a perfect opportunity to show the world that there are honest people 28 willing to take a stand for what is right. Please, give me your 29 and also the woman’s name. Is that your wife?” “That’s the 30 ,”said the young man. “My wife is at home. The woman in the car is my girlfrie

25、nd. Now let me have my chicken 31 I can get out of here.” It’s 32 to look good to people who don’t 33 you. Many of us do a good deed here and there, and everyone 34 we’re something that we are not. But God sees your heart. It really doesn’t matter how much you 35 or what other people th

26、ink of you. What matters is what’s on the inside. 16. A. took B. ate C. carried D. sent 17. A. sister B. wife C. friend D. lady 18. A. park B. car C. pocket D. bucket 19. A. love B. welcome

27、 C. surprise D. pleasure 20. A. returned B. brought C. got D. lifted 21. A. money B. right C. change D. chicken 22. A. moved B. encouraged C. surprised D. delighted 23. A. newspaper B. people C

28、. government D. public 24. A. please B. desire C. inspire D. interest 25. A. asked B. begged C. needed D. required 26. A. glad B. calm C. angry D. silent 27. A. dishonest B. honest C. love

29、ly D. peaceful 28. A. never B. even C. yet D. still 29. A. address B. name C. chicken D. opinion 30. A. problem B. difficulty C. astonishment D. excitement 31 .A. but B. so C. for

30、 D. as 32. A. difficult B. good C. easy D. pleasant 33. A. know B. love C. realize D. understand 34. A. finds B. says C. thinks D. insists 35. A. get B. do C. pay D. r

31、eceive 閱讀理解 (A) If you’re the type of traveler who just wants a suitable place to hang your hat and you don’t want to spend a fortune to do it, here are several ways to save on your next hotel room: *Be Flexible Hotel rates are based on supply and demand, so be aware of peak periods. If your

32、 destination’s high season is from December through April and you’re trying to book near the end of April, you might find considerable savings if you change your travel dates by a week or two. *Check Hotel Web Sites The large travel-booking Web sites often sell rooms from the middlemen who have bo

33、ught up empty hotel moms. But the major hotel chains also offer last-minute discounts, and because they’re not paying the middleman, they sometimes have better deals than the travel sites. *Don’t be Afraid to Bargain Most people are so intimidated (畏縮的) by know-it-all hotel desk clerks that they

34、don’t bargain for a better deal. But bargaining for a better deal is often worth the trouble, because most hotel general managers would prefer having a customer paying a lower-than-usual rate to no customer at all. And if you find something unfair on your hotel bill, don’t be afraid to complain. To

35、keep your goodwill, hotels will often reduce or cancel such charges. *Avoid Hidden Costs Expensive little extras hotels never mention can increase the cost of your stay. Don’t let this happen. Find out about resort fees, fees for parking and Internet use before you agree to stay. And don’t touch t

36、he hotel’s phone unless you absolutely have to — the rates can be more than $2 a minute even inside the United States. 36. According to the passage, which of the following will save you some money? A. Change your visiting places in high season. B. Book rooms through Web sites. C. Use the hotel’s

37、 phone. D. Bargain with desk clerks for your room, 37. That travelers can bargain for better deal is often based on the fact that _______. A. managers often prefer a lower-paid customer to no customer B. there are many places which should not be charged C. customers are often afraid to complain

38、 the price D. the desk clerks and managers often cheat the travelers 38. The passage was mainly written to ________. A. advertise hotels B. complain high costs C. serve the travelers D. introduce hotel services (B) Children who spend more time reading with their parents have a greate

39、r chance of becoming better readers than those who don’t. With help from their parents, children can learn techniques to improve their reading skills. “A lot of parents think after their child learns to read, they should stop reading to them,” Donna George said. “They are sadly mistaken.” George o

40、ffers her services to parents at the Title I Learning Centers. She said reading aloud to children may be the most valuable thing parents can do. “It is better for children to hear things at a higher level than where they are,” George said. “Parents are their child’s first teacher.” Parents help thei

41、r children build listening, phonics, comprehension and vocabulary skills when they read aloud to them. Before parents can identify reading problems, they should escape the enemy-television and limit the time their children spend watching television. George suggested not allowing kids to have a TV i

42、n their bedrooms, setting a schedule of when kids can watch or keeping a list of how many programs children watch. Louise Joines said while her 14-year-old daughter and 10-year-old son enjoy reading, the television sometimes becomes a distraction. So she tries to build the situation by suggesting bo

43、oks the entire family will enjoy reading together, like the Harry Potter series. Parents who do not read themselves should not count on their children being enthusiastic about it. If parents would read to their children at least 15 minutes every day, children would not have so many problems in scho

44、ol. It is the patents’ job to help build that desire in their children, and of course to know what kind of books to read is also important. 39. According to George, reading aloud to children ________. A. help them correct mistakes B. is helpful to their reading C. is parents’ first duty to their

45、 children D. can get children out of television’s attraction 40. The underlined word (in Paragraph 4 ) means something that __________. A. can improve children’s reading B. can help children’s right way of reading C. can make children interested in reading D. can make children not attentive 4

46、1. What does the fourth paragraph mainly want to show is important? A. reading skills B. reading speed C. feeding materials D. reading environment 42. If the passage is not completed, which of the following can follow the fifth paragraph? A. Parents choose reading m

47、aterials for their children. B. Advice is given to control their children. C. What TV programs children can watch during reading. D. How children improve their reading by themselves. 43. Which one would be the best title for the passage? A. Children Spend More Time Reading with Parents. B. Par

48、ents Are Their Child’s First Teacher. C. How Parents Make Their Child a Better Render. D. How to Improve Children’s Reading Ability. 對話填空 A= a passer-by B = a native A: (44) E______ me, could you tell me which bus I can take to the Wang Fu Jing Department Store? B: Just take the No. 1 bus g

49、oing in that (45) d______ (pointing) and get off at the Wang Fu Jing Stop. Walk a few (46) s________ to the corner and turn left. Keep on (47) g________ until you come to a tall cream-colored building. That’s the Wang Fu Jing Department Store. There are usually a lot of cars (48) p_______ in front o

50、f it. A: Thank you. And where is the No. 1 bus stop? B: (pointing) It’s over there. A: How many (49) s_____ are there from here to Wang Fu Jing? B: Only one. A: In that case, I’d rather walk. B: It’s about a twenty-five (50) m_____ walk. I think you must know the Beijing Hotel when you see it.

51、 A: Yes, I do. It’s on the (51) l____________ side of the street. B: That’s right. You walk (52) p_______ the Hotel and turn left at the (53) c________. Keep on walking and you’ll get to the Department Store. A: Thank you. B: You’re welcome. (44)_________ (45) _________ (46) _________ (4

52、7) _________ (48) _________ (49) _________ (50) _________ (51) _________ (52) _________ (53) _________ 書面表達(dá) 最近，你班就“考試”這一話題舉行了一次討論會。請根據(jù)以下信息，用英語寫一篇短文，敘述大家對考試的看法。 考試非常重要 可以通過考試了解自己的學(xué)習(xí)效果，把成績作為努力的動力。 考試并不能說明什么 1. 有人得高分就興高采烈,考試不及格就情緒低落。2. 有的為了取得好成績,甚至不參加任何課外活動。3. 如果沒有考試，大家就不必為此擔(dān)心

53、，還可以選 擇自己喜歡的科目，多參加課外活動，在社會實(shí)踐中學(xué)習(xí)更多的東西。 你對考試的看法 1.考試是必要的,但應(yīng)該進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)母母铩? ……………… ??? 1. 短文必須包括所有要點(diǎn)。 2. 詞數(shù)：120左右。 3. 參考詞匯：改革reform?； 課外活動 extra-curricular activities 4. 文章的第一句已為你寫好，不計入總詞數(shù)：Some students think that it is very important to have an exam. ________________________________________________

54、________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案解析】 【單項(xiàng)填空】 1．D。表示頭銜職務(wù)地名詞作賓語、補(bǔ)語及同位語時（有時放在as之后），一般不用冠詞。 2．C。involve在這里意為“包括、包含”。 3．C。require意為“要求”，引導(dǎo)賓語從句時用虛擬語氣。 4．B。表示時間、距離、金額數(shù)量等的名詞作為一個整體作主語時，謂語動詞常用單數(shù)形式。 5．B。B。in tu

55、rn意為“依次”。in return意為“作為回報”。on his return意為“他一回來”。D無此用法。 6．C。house在此句中為動詞，意為“給（某人）提供住所”。根據(jù)題意，其他選項(xiàng)均不符合。 7．D。此題考查be supposed to的用法。因?yàn)榇耸率且堰^去的事情，故用不定式的完成式。應(yīng)選D。 8．B。hand over意為“移交、交出”。take over意為“接管”。go over意為“復(fù)習(xí)、仔細(xì)檢查”。turn over意為“移交給、翻身”。 9．A。根據(jù)后面暗示動作正在進(jìn)行，more forests 與destroy之間構(gòu)成邏輯上的被動關(guān)系且動作正在進(jìn)行。故選A項(xiàng)

56、。 10．A。remain意為“剩下、留下”，是不及物動詞。leave是及物動詞，若用被動形式也對。 11．D。seat是動詞，意為“使……坐下”，常用被動形式，或后接反身代詞構(gòu)成seat oneself。 12．D。link指將人或物連接或聯(lián)系起來。combine意為“結(jié)合、聯(lián)合”，指為了一目的而把兩個以上的事物聯(lián)系起來。unite意為“聯(lián)合、團(tuán)結(jié)一致”。 13．C。in praise of“贊美、贊揚(yáng)”。in place of“代替”。in memory of“紀(jì)念”。in need of“需要”。 14．D。drive sb. crazy意為“使某人發(fā)瘋”，是習(xí)慣搭配。 15

57、． D。Good heavens意為“天哪”。常用于表示“驚訝，譴責(zé)或?qū)捨俊?，no相當(dāng)于I don’t get hurt?！癗o problem”。意為“沒關(guān)系，沒問題”，用于安慰對方。I don’t think so 意為“我不這么認(rèn)為”。當(dāng)我們不同意對方觀點(diǎn)或看法時，則使用本句。另一常聽到的語句 I’m afraid not。也具有相近的表達(dá)意味，但語氣比I don’t think so。更為委婉。 【完形填空】 16．A。“把…帶到…去” 用take sth. to …來表示。carry無方向性；send意為“寄去”，都不符合題意 17．D。從第二段可知，不是他妻子；從romant

58、ic picnic可知，只能是他的lady 18．D。“當(dāng)把手伸進(jìn)bucket的時候” 19．C。因?yàn)橘I的chicken成了dollars，所以應(yīng)是“吃驚”(surprise) 20．B。年輕人把bucket帶回(brought)了商店 21．D。 22．A。被年輕人的誠實(shí)所感動。（moved） 23．A。經(jīng)理想通過報紙(newspaper)，電臺來進(jìn)行道德教育，從而，鼓勵(inspire)他人要誠實(shí) 24．C。 25．B。經(jīng)理懇請(begged)，宣傳此事 26．C。經(jīng)理的好意，這年輕人并不領(lǐng)情，他只是急于要chicken，然后去見他的lady。這時他很生氣(angry)。

59、 27．A?！霸诋?dāng)今這個不誠實(shí)的(dishonest)世界上，這是一個很好的機(jī)會向世人展示，仍然(still)有人主張要誠實(shí)。 28．D。still 表示仍然，進(jìn)一步說明前面的honest people 29．B。name 和后面的name 一致 30．A。年輕人去約會的是他的(girlfriend)，而不是他的(wife)，現(xiàn)在經(jīng)理讓他留下他及他妻子的名字，不是等于把他和他girlfriend的事公布于眾嗎？對這年輕人來說，當(dāng)然是一個 problem。 31．B。so表示這樣， 32．C。easy 表示向不認(rèn)識的人展示好的一面是很容易的 33．A。know表示認(rèn)識 34．C。

60、know表示知道 35．B。最后一段作者通過上面的事例，談了一點(diǎn)自己的想法。 【閱讀理解】 36．D。文章的第一條建議并沒有提到更改地方會省錢，因此A項(xiàng)不對：由第二條建議可知，通過網(wǎng)站買票并不一定能夠省錢，因此B項(xiàng)不對；由最后一條建議可知旅店的電話費(fèi)有時是很貴的，因此C項(xiàng)不對；而由第三條建議可知，D項(xiàng)是正確的。 37．A。由文章的第三條建議可知，之所以旅客能夠與旅店進(jìn)行討價還價是因?yàn)樗麄兺鶎幵嘎每徒坏唾M(fèi)也不愿房間空著沒有人住。 38．C。由文章的第一段可知，本篇文章主要是介紹如何降低旅店住宿費(fèi)用的方法。因此C項(xiàng)最佳。 B篇屬于社會教育類文章。本文主要是介紹父母給孩子讀書的重要性，

61、父母給孩子讀書有利于孩子的閱讀水平的提高。 39．B。由文章的第三段可知。選項(xiàng)A、C沒有提到；D項(xiàng)的表述不符合原文。 40．D。既然本段第一句就說電視是閱讀的敵人，以及后面對電視的限制，因此可以知道電視不利于讀書，所以選D。 41．D。本段主要是講了電視對孩子的閱讀會產(chǎn)生不好的影響，常常讀書的環(huán)境沒有電視或者電視關(guān)掉，這些都屬于閱讀環(huán)境的內(nèi)容，因此D項(xiàng)正確。 42．A。文章的最后一段的最后一句“of course to know what kind of books to read is also important”暗示了后面應(yīng)該涉及到孩子應(yīng)該讀什么樣的書。因此，A項(xiàng)正確。 43．

62、C。本篇文章主要是說明父母給孩子讀書的重要性，父母給孩子讀書有利于孩子閱讀水平的提高。因此C項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)應(yīng)該是父母多花時間在孩子身上而不是相反；B項(xiàng)與D硬的范圍模糊，不能概括文章的主要內(nèi)容。 【對話填空】 44. Excuse 45. direction 46. steps 47. going 48. parked 49. stops 50. minutes’ 51. left / left-hand 52. part 53. corner 【書面表達(dá)】 One possible version: Some students think that

63、it is very important to have an exam. If so, we know the results of our studies, and the exams also make us study hard. However, other students don’t think so. They say if they get high marks in the exams, they are very excited. But when they fail, they will be in very low spirits. What’s worse, th

64、ey don’t usually take part in other extra-curricular activities. If the exams are prohibited, we don’t have to worry about the marks. In that case, we can choose the subjects we like, take part in more activities and learn more through social practice, which will greatly benefit us in the future. In my opinion, it is. But our exams should be reformed. It should test not only our knowledge, but also our practical abilities.