2020屆高考英語三輪復(fù)習(xí)回扣課本精講精練復(fù)習(xí) Unit4 Astronomy the science of the stars學(xué)案 新人教版必修3

《2020屆高考英語三輪復(fù)習(xí)回扣課本精講精練復(fù)習(xí) Unit4 Astronomy the science of the stars學(xué)案 新人教版必修3》由會員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《2020屆高考英語三輪復(fù)習(xí)回扣課本精講精練復(fù)習(xí) Unit4 Astronomy the science of the stars學(xué)案 新人教版必修3（17頁珍藏版）》請?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、2020;2020屆高考英語三輪復(fù)習(xí)回扣課本精講精練復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案-人教版必修3-- Unit 3　The Million Pound Bank Note Ⅰ.重點(diǎn)單詞聚焦 1．Bob earned his________(船費(fèi)) on an English boat when he traveled to China. 答案：　passage 2．Usain Bolt set an________(難以置信的) world record in the 100-meter race at the Beijing Olympics. 答案：　unbelievable 3．We misse

2、d the first few________(場景) of the play because we were caught in a traffic jam. 答案：　scenes 4．It wasn’t your________(過錯(cuò))．You needn’t apologize to him. 答案：　fault 5．The job is not tiring at all.On the________(相反)，it’s very relaxing. 答案：　contrary 6．By law，youth under eighteen are not________(允許)

3、to enter Net bars. 答案：　permitted 7．These children are very naughty，so you need________(耐心) to deal with them. 答案：　patience 8．Good________(態(tài)度，舉止) are a very important key to your social success. 答案：　manners 9．I don’t like to talk with him；he has a very________(粗魯?shù)? manner. 答案：　rude 10．Recent

4、pressure at work may________(解釋) for his strange behavior. 答案：　account Ⅱ課文原句突破 1．快到黃昏的時(shí)候，我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己被一陣大風(fēng)刮到了大海上。 Well，towards nightfall I________ ________ ________ ________to sea by a strong wind. 答案：　found myself carried out 2．第二天早上，我正感到絕望的時(shí)候，一艘船發(fā)現(xiàn)了我。 The next morning I’d just about ________ _____

5、___ ________ for lost________ I was ________by a ship. 答案：　given myself up；when；spotted 3．是那艘船把你帶到英國來的。 And ________ ________ ________ ________ ________brought you to England. 答案：　it was the ship that 4．事實(shí)上，我是靠做義工來頂替船費(fèi)，這正是我為什么衣冠不整的原因。 ________ ________ ________ ________I earned my passage by

6、working as an unpaid hand，which accounts for my appearance. 答案：　The fact is that 5．真的，先生，我希望您想來的時(shí)候，您就來。 Indeed，sir，I hope you’ll come here ________ you like. 答案：　whenever 6．至于賬單嘛，先生，請把它忘了吧。 ________ ________ the bill，sir，please forget it. 答案：　As for scene n．(戲劇)一場；現(xiàn)場；場面；景色；(電影，電視的)一個(gè)鏡頭；(事件發(fā)生

7、的)地點(diǎn) on the scene在現(xiàn)場；當(dāng)場 appear/come on the scene出場；登場 behind the scenes在幕后；暗中 the scene of the accident事故現(xiàn)場 ①Reporters were soon on the scene after the accident. 那事故發(fā)生后不久記者們就趕到了現(xiàn)場。 ②The happy scene of children playing in the garden disappeared，and it was quiet again. 孩子們在花園里高興地玩得場面消失后，花園又安靜下

8、來。 ③The students were able to go behind the scenes to see how programmes are made. 學(xué)生們可以到后臺去看看節(jié)目是怎么制作出來的。 ④They rushed to the scene of the traffic accident. 他們火速趕到車禍的現(xiàn)場。 辨析：scene，scenery與view (1)scene指都市景觀或室內(nèi)陳設(shè)，還可指舞臺場面或部分布景，是可數(shù)名詞。 (2)scenery指山河湖海等自然景觀，也可指舞臺全部，是不可數(shù)名詞。 (3)view指從遠(yuǎn)處或高處看到的風(fēng)景。 1.

9、用scene，scenery與view填空： (1)When I was a little boy，I lived in a small fishing village.The visit to the village reminded me of the________of my childhood. (2)On the top of Mount Tai，you can get a wonderful________of the sunrise. (3)We passed through some beautiful________on our journey through this

10、 district. 答案：　(1)scene　(2)view　(3)scenery permit v．允許；容許；許可；n.許可證；執(zhí)照；通行證 教材原句P18：Permit me to lead the way，sir. 先生，請讓我來帶路吧。 ①Visitors are not permitted to take photographs. 參觀者請勿拍照。 ②After the law was passed，the prisoners in that state are permitted two hours’ outdoor exercise a day.此項(xiàng)法律通過

11、后，那個(gè)州的犯人允許每天有兩個(gè)小時(shí)的戶外活動。 ③My parents didn’t permit my going with you. 我父母不準(zhǔn)我和你一起去。 ④We’ll have a picnic in the woods，weather permitting. 如果天氣好，我們將在樹林里野餐。 2.(2020;2020·寧夏銀川一中高三月考)The local government announced that only when the fire was under control________to return to their homes. A．the resid

12、ents would be permitted B．had the residents been permitted C．would the residents be permitted D．the residents had been permitted 解析：　“only＋狀語”位于句首要用部分倒裝的結(jié)構(gòu)，另外本句用了permit sb.to do的結(jié)構(gòu)，其被動語態(tài)形式為sb.be permitted to do。 答案：　C fault n．責(zé)任；過錯(cuò)；缺點(diǎn)；vt.對……挑毛病 教材原句P18：It was all my fault.這都是我的錯(cuò)。 It’s one’s

13、fault.是某人的錯(cuò)。 find fault in看出……的缺點(diǎn)，找出……的毛病 find fault with對……不滿，挑剔 ①I wonder how they got lost and whose fault it was. 我想知道他們是怎么迷路的，又是誰的過錯(cuò)。 ②Somehow，people seem to think it’s my fault for letting him in. 不知怎的，人們似乎認(rèn)為讓他進(jìn)來是我的過錯(cuò)。 ③He is such a man who is always finding fault with other people. 他是

14、一個(gè)總愛挑剔別人毛病的人。 3.完成句子 (1)我希望你不要再對我做的一切吹毛求疵了。 I wish you’d stop trying to ______________________I do. (2)從你的文章里我找不到錯(cuò)誤，它完美無瑕。 I can’t ________________________your paper.It is perfect. 答案：　(1)find fault with everything　(2)find fault in spot vt.發(fā)現(xiàn)；認(rèn)出；點(diǎn)綴；n.斑點(diǎn)；污點(diǎn)；地點(diǎn) 教材原句P18：The next morning I’d jus

15、t about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship. 第二天早上，我正感到絕望的時(shí)候，一艘海船發(fā)現(xiàn)了我。 ①I had just sat down to work when I spotted something moving on the wall.我剛剛坐下來工作就發(fā)現(xiàn)有東西在墻上挪動。 ②He spotted a serious mistake in the accounts. 他在賬目中發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)嚴(yán)重的錯(cuò)誤。 ③I easily spotted him in the crowd because he

16、was very tall. 因?yàn)樗麄€(gè)子非常高，我在人群中很容易就認(rèn)出了他。 ④I was on the spot when the accident happened. 事故發(fā)生時(shí)我在場。 ⑤This is the very spot where the accident happened. 這就是事故發(fā)生的地點(diǎn)。 4.完成句子 When the man was trying to break into the bank，he________________________(當(dāng)場被警察抓住)． 答案：　was caught by the police on the spot

17、 account vi.& vt.認(rèn)為；說明；總計(jì)有；n.說明；理由；計(jì)算；賬目；報(bào)道 教材原句P18：The fact is that I earned my passage by working as an unpaid hand，which accounts for my appearance. 事實(shí)上我靠做義工來頂替船費(fèi)，這就是我為什么衣冠不整的原因了。 ①How do you account for your absence from school yesterday? 你如何解釋你昨天沒上學(xué)呢？ ②On no account must employers make p

18、ersonal telephone calls from the office. ＝Employees must on no account make personal telephone calls from the office.雇員們決不允許在辦公室打私人電話。 ③His exam results were not very good，but we must take his long illness into account. 他的考試成績不是很好，但我們必須考慮到他曾長期生病。 ④The train was delayed on account of snow. 火車因下雪

19、而延誤了。 ⑤He paid the money into his account. 他把錢存入他的賬戶里。 5.完成句子 缺錢是她輟學(xué)的原因。 ____________________________her not continuing her studies. 答案：　Lack of money accounts for 6．Since we are not wealthy now，we’d better take our daily expenses into________. A．thought　　　 B．a(chǎn)ccount C．position　　　 D．effec

20、t 解析：　考查名詞辨析。take...into account/consideration為固定搭配，表示“把……考慮進(jìn)去”。thought思索，想法，觀點(diǎn)；account賬戶，描述，報(bào)道；position位置，方位，境況，形勢，(社會)地位，職務(wù)；effect結(jié)果，效果，影響。句意為：我們現(xiàn)在并不富裕，因此我們應(yīng)把日常的花銷考慮在內(nèi)。 答案：　B bring up培養(yǎng)；撫養(yǎng)；教育；提出；嘔吐 教材原句P17：He was brought up in Hannibal，Missouri，along the Mississippi River.他在密西西比河邊的密蘇里州的漢尼拔長大。

21、 ①She has three young children to bring up on her own. 她獨(dú)自一人要撫養(yǎng)三個(gè)孩子。 ②Some people laughed at the idea when I first brought it up. 我第一次把這想法提出來時(shí)受到一些人的嘲笑。 ③He was so sick that he brought up his lunch. 他病得很嚴(yán)重，以至于把吃的午飯都吐了出來。 bring about引起；產(chǎn)生；導(dǎo)致；帶來 bring sth.back帶回某物；使想起 bring down讓……降下來；使倒下 brin

22、g forward提前 bring in引入 ④The photographs brought back many pleasant memories. 那些照片給人帶來很多美好的回憶。 ⑤Science and technology has brought about many changes in our lives.科學(xué)技術(shù)給我們生活帶來了諸多變化。 ⑥He made every effort to bring down the cost of living. 他竭力降低生活費(fèi)用。 7.His parents died when he was five years old，

23、so he was________by his grandparents. A．taken up　　　 B．given up C．grown up　　　 D．brought up 解析：　此題考查詞語辨析。句意為：他的父母在他五歲時(shí)去世，因此他由爺爺奶奶撫養(yǎng)大。take up占用；give up放棄；grow up長大；bring up撫養(yǎng)，撫育；帶大。 答案：　D 8．完成句子 The discussion came alive when an interesting topic__________________(引入)． 答案：　was brought in go a

24、head前進(jìn)；(用于祈使句)可以；往下說 教材原句P18：Go right ahead.請問吧。 ①Go ahead！I want to hear more about your plan. 往下說，我想知道更多你的計(jì)劃。 ②—I wonder if I could possibly use your car tonight. ——我今天晚上能不能用你的汽車？ —Sure，go ahead.I’m not using it anyhow. ——當(dāng)然可以，用吧。反正我也不用。 go against違背，反對/對……不利(無被動式) go around/round/about(疾

25、病、消息等)傳播 go by過去 go over審查；查閱；復(fù)習(xí) go through遭受；經(jīng)歷；通過 go without沒有……也行；將就…… ③She went against her mother’s wishes. 她違背了她母親的意愿。 ④As time went by，I was made smaller. 隨著歲月的流逝，我被做的越來越小。 ⑤Smokers cannot go without cigarettes even a day. 吸煙者哪怕一天沒有香煙都不行。 9.(全國高考)—Could I ask you a rather personal

26、question? —Sure，________. A．pardon me　　　 B．go ahead C．good idea　　　 D．forget it 解析：　句意為：——我可以問你一個(gè)私人問題嗎？——當(dāng)然可以，說吧。pardon me請?jiān)僬f一遍；go ahead干吧，說吧，用吧；good idea好主意；forget it沒關(guān)系，不必在意；(表示不想重復(fù)說過的話)別提它了；住嘴。 答案：　B 10．(陜西高考)—Could I use your computer for a few moments，please? —________.I’m not using it my

27、self. A．Come on　　　 B．It depends C．Go ahead　　　 D．That’s great 解析：　本題考查交際用語。由前置語境“我能不能用會兒你的電腦”以及后置語境“我自己現(xiàn)在不用”可知應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)Go ahead用吧！去吧！干吧！而Come on加油，It depends看情況而定，That’s great太棒了，均不合題意。 答案：　C The next morning I’d just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship. 第二天早上，我正感到絕望的時(shí)候，一艘船發(fā)現(xiàn)

28、了我。 had just done...when...剛做完某事，這時(shí)…… be doing...when...正在做……這時(shí)…… be about to do...when...正要做……這時(shí)…… be on the point of doing...when... 正要做……這時(shí)…… ①He had just gone to bed when the telephone rang. 他剛上床睡覺，這時(shí)電話響了。 ②He was reading newspapers when he heard his name called. 他正在讀報(bào)，這時(shí)聽到有人叫他的名字。 ③I

29、was about to go out when an unexpected visitor came. 我正要出門，一位不速之客來訪了。 ④She was on the point of leaving when I arrived. 她正要離開，這時(shí)我來了。 when用作連詞，意為“既然”。 ⑤How can they expect to learn anything when they never listen? 既然他們從不聽講，他們怎么能指望學(xué)到東西呢？ 11.Tom was about to close the window　　　　his attention was

30、caught by a bird. A．when　　　 B．if C．a(chǎn)nd　　　 D．till 解析：　句意為：湯姆正要關(guān)上窗戶，就在這時(shí)一只鳥引起了他的注意。在句式“...be about to do when...”中，when作并列連詞，相當(dāng)于and at that time，句中was about to do為標(biāo)志詞，故答案為A項(xiàng)。 答案：　A 12．She had just finished her homework________her mother asked her to practise playing the piano yesterday. A．when　　

31、　 B．while C．a(chǎn)fter　　　 D．since 解析：　句意為：昨天她剛做完作業(yè)，她媽媽就讓她練鋼琴。when在本句中作并列連詞，意為：and at that time。while作并列連詞，表示“對比轉(zhuǎn)折”；after為從屬連詞或介詞，意為“在……之后”；since自從……時(shí)候，既然……。 答案：　A 13．There were some chairs left over________everyone had sat down. A．when　　　 B．until C．that　　　 D．where 解析：　句意為：雖然所有人都坐下了，但還有一些椅子剩下。w

32、hen放在句中時(shí)有even though之意。 答案：　A 14．I used to love that film________I was a child，but I don’t feel it that way any more. A．once　　　 B．when C．since　　　 D．a(chǎn)lthough 解析：　句意為：當(dāng)我是個(gè)小孩的時(shí)候我曾經(jīng)很喜歡那部電影，但現(xiàn)在我再也沒有那種感覺了。A.一旦；B.當(dāng)……的時(shí)候；C.自從……以來；既然；D.盡管，根據(jù)句意選B。 答案：　B Indeed，sir，I hope you’ll come here whenever you l

33、ike.真的，先生， 我希望您想來的時(shí)候，您就來。 whenever意為“在任何時(shí)候，無論何時(shí)”。 (1)whenever，wherever，however引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，相當(dāng)于no matter when/where/how。 (2)whatever，whoever，whichever，whomever既可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，也可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，在引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)相當(dāng)于no matter what/who/which/whom。 (3)however用作連接副詞，相當(dāng)于no matter how，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，意思是“不管怎樣……；無論如何……”，具體結(jié)構(gòu)為：however＋形

34、容詞/副詞＋主語＋謂語。 ①Whenever we met with difficulties，they came to help us. 每當(dāng)我們遇到困難的時(shí)候，他們都會幫助我們。 ②However great the difficulties are，we must complete the task in time.不管困難有多大，我們都必須及時(shí)完成任務(wù)。 ③Whatever your problems are，you mustn’t lose heart. 不管你面臨的是什么問題，都不要失去信心。 ④Whoever breaks the law should be puni

35、shed.(whoever不能換成no matter who)無論誰觸犯法律，都應(yīng)受到懲罰。 whichever，whatever在句中還可作定語。 The content is the same whichever book you choose. 不管你選哪一本書，內(nèi)容都是一樣的。 15.________you may have，you should gather your courage to face the challenge. A．However a serious problem B．What a serious problem C．However serious

36、a problem D．What serious a problem 解析：　句意為：不論你的問題有多嚴(yán)重，你都應(yīng)該鼓起勇氣，接受挑戰(zhàn)?？疾闋钫Z從句。分析題干可知逗號前是讓步狀語從句，what不能用來引導(dǎo)狀語從句，所以排除B、D兩項(xiàng)；however＋adj.＋a/an＋單數(shù)名詞＝whatever＋a/an＋adj.＋單數(shù)名詞，故C項(xiàng)正確。 答案：　C Well，towards nightfall I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind. 哦，快到黃昏的時(shí)候，我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己被一陣大風(fēng)刮到了大海上。 find oneself..

37、.發(fā)現(xiàn)自己處于某種境地，而且含有一種“在不知不覺中……”的意思。 ①When day broke，we found ourselves in a small village at the foot of the mountain. 天亮?xí)r，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)自己來到了那座山腳下的一個(gè)小村子里。 ②When he came to himself，he found himself lying in hospital. 當(dāng)他醒來時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)自己躺在醫(yī)院里。 ③I found myself surrounded by a group of children. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己被一群孩子圍住了。 ④A gro

38、up of children were found playing on the playground. 有人發(fā)現(xiàn)一群孩子正在操場上玩耍。 16.He found his son________by letters and papers and________very worried. A．surrounding；looked　　　 B．surrounded；looked C．surrounding；looking　　　 D．surrounded；looking 解析：　動詞的過去分詞充當(dāng)賓補(bǔ)，表示被動；動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞充當(dāng)賓補(bǔ)，表示主動。根據(jù)句意應(yīng)選D。 答案：　D 17．A

39、 cook will be immediately fired if he is found ________ in the kitchen. A．smoke　　　 B．smoking C．to smoke　　　D．smoked 解析：　句意為：如果發(fā)現(xiàn)廚師在廚房里吸煙，他將馬上被解雇。本題考查的是“find＋賓語＋賓補(bǔ)”的結(jié)構(gòu)，主語補(bǔ)足語的選擇與賓語補(bǔ)足語的選擇方法相同。由“發(fā)現(xiàn)廚師在廚房里吸煙”，可知“廚師”與“吸煙”之間在邏輯上是主謂關(guān)系(或主動關(guān)系)且強(qiáng)調(diào)“吸煙”這一動作正在進(jìn)行之中。所以smoking是最佳答案。 答案：　B Ⅰ.完成句子 1．His grandmothe

40、r and his father______________________(將他撫養(yǎng)成人)． 答案：　brought him up 2．I’ll see you after the meeting__________________(如果時(shí)間允許的話)． 答案：　if time permits 3．__________________________(我偶然碰見她) in the street. 答案：　I met her by accident 4．He lifted his head and______________________(盯著她看)． 答案：　stared a

41、t her 5．Even in New York you still see______________________(很多人穿得破破爛爛)． 答案：　many people in rags 6．__________________(關(guān)于我的過去)，I’m not telling you anything. 答案：　As for/to my past 7．Though，he was told it was hard to find job there，he still decided to______________(冒險(xiǎn))． 答案：　take a chance/risk 8．

42、You didn’t bother me.__________________(相反) I like your company. 答案：　On the contrary Ⅱ.巧思妙解 1．The how-to book can be of help to________wants to do the job. A．who　　　　　　　　　　 B．whomever C．no matter who　　　 D．whoever 解析：　句意為：指南類的書對想從事這項(xiàng)工作的任何人都會有幫助。本題考查名詞性從句。首先排除C項(xiàng)，no matter who只能引導(dǎo)狀語從句；who表特指；whom

43、ever與whoever同樣可以表示任何人，但設(shè)空處連接代詞需作賓語從句的主語，故排除B項(xiàng)。 答案：　D 2． ________wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way. A．Anyone　　　 B．The one C．Whoever　　　 D．Who 解析：　句意為：任何一個(gè)想住在旅館里的人必須支付自己的費(fèi)用。whoever此處引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，相當(dāng)于anyone who。anyone和the one后少who，who表特指，故被排除。 答案：　C 3．The magnificent tower must be sa

44、ved，________the cost! A．however　　　 B．whichever C．whatever　　　 D．wherever 解析：　考查連詞。該句是省略句，省略了謂語動詞is，補(bǔ)充完整就是whatever the cost is，由此可以看出從句中缺少的是表語。whichever表示在特定范圍內(nèi)選擇，而句中沒有可供選擇的范圍，所以要用whatever，相當(dāng)于no matter what，在此引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。 答案：　C 4．________hungry I am，I never seem to be able to finish off this loaf of

45、 bread. A．Whatever　　　 B．Whenever C．Wherever　　　 D．However 解析：　句意為：無論我多餓，看來我都吃不了那大片面包。A.無論什么，常與名詞連用或引導(dǎo)名詞性從句；B.無論什么時(shí)候；C.無論在哪里；D.無論多么或怎樣，常與形容詞或副詞連用，故選D。 答案：　D 5．________we gave him something to eat，he would save it up for his little sister. A．Whatever　　　 B．However C．Whichever　　　 D．Whenever 解析：　考

46、查連詞。句意為：“無論何時(shí)我們給他東西吃，他總是留下一些給他小妹妹?！? 答案：　D Ⅲ.語法專練 本單元語法——賓語從句和表語從句 1．—You know，I’m poor in Chinese，you are not good at English，and... —That’s________we should help each other. A．when　　　 B．where C．how　　　 D．what 解析：　考查名詞性從句。where引導(dǎo)的從句作表語，where在句中的意思是“……的地方”。 答案：　B 2．Water，which seems so sim

47、ple and common，is________makes life possible. A．what　　　 B．that C．which　　　 D．how 解析：　考查表語從句。名詞性從句的解題原則是“缺什么補(bǔ)什么”，此處表語從句“________makes life possible”中缺少“主語”，同時(shí)“主語”不表示“人”，用what(表示人時(shí)應(yīng)該選用who)。 答案：　A 3．(2020;2020·北京海淀區(qū)期末)Sorry I’m so late，but you cannot imagine________great trouble I took to find yo

48、ur house. A．what　　　 B．how C．which　　　 D．why 解析：　考查賓語從句。take great trouble to do something表示“不辭辛勞地做某事”。在此，what引導(dǎo)的賓語從句同時(shí)是一個(gè)感嘆句，what修飾名詞trouble。而how在感嘆句中修飾形容詞或副詞。 答案：　A 4．Professor Backman took up scientific research for decades，and this is________he devoted all his life to. A．which　　　 B．what C

49、．where　　　 D．how 解析：　考查名詞性從句。what引導(dǎo)表語從句且在從句中作介詞to的賓語，表示“什么”。 答案：　B 5．After five hours’ drive，they reached________they thought was the place they had been dreaming of. A．where　　　 B．what C．which　　　 D．that 解析：　考查賓語從句。句意為：驅(qū)車五個(gè)小時(shí)之后，他們來到了他們認(rèn)為是他們一直夢寐以求的地方。句中what引導(dǎo)賓語從句，且作從句的主語，其中they thought是插入語。 答案：　B