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1、2013高考英語(yǔ)考點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法單選超級(jí)歸納
十、名詞性從句
種類
關(guān)聯(lián)詞
例 句
說(shuō) 明
主
語(yǔ)
從
句
連
詞
that
That he will come and help you is certain.
他來(lái)幫助你是確實(shí)無(wú)疑的。
that在引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí)不可省去
whether
Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question.
月球上有沒(méi)有生命是個(gè)有趣的問(wèn)題。
主語(yǔ)從句中只能用whether不可用if。
連接代詞
who
what
which
2、whatever
What he wants to tell us is not clear.
他要跟我們說(shuō)什么，還不清楚。
Who will win the match is still unknown.
誰(shuí)能贏得這場(chǎng)比賽還不得而知。
主語(yǔ)從句放在句首，句子常顯得笨重，因此一般
連接副詞
when
where
why
how
It is known to us how he became a writer.
我們都知道他是如何成為一名作家的。
Where the English evening will be held has not yet been a
3、nnounced. 英語(yǔ)晚會(huì)將在哪里舉行，還沒(méi)有宣布。
把它移到句子后面，前面用引導(dǎo)詞“it”來(lái)作形式主語(yǔ)。
賓
語(yǔ)
從
句
陳述意義
that
I believe(that) he is honest. 我相信他是忠誠(chéng)的。
We must never think(that) we are good in everything while others are good in nothing.
我們決不能認(rèn)為自己什么都好，別人什么都不好。
that在句中不擔(dān)任任何成分，在口語(yǔ)或非正式的文體中常被省去，但如從句是并列句時(shí),第二個(gè)分句前的that不可省。
疑問(wèn)意義
4、
if
whether
I wonder whether he will come or not.
我想知道他來(lái)還是不來(lái)。
Everything depends on whether we have enough money.
一切要看我們是否有足夠的錢。
I don’t know if(whether) it is interesting.
我不知道它是否有意思。
He doesn’t care if it isn’t a fine day.他不在乎天氣是否好。
whether常與or not連用，不能用if代替。
作介詞賓語(yǔ)要用whether不能用if。
從句
5、是否定句時(shí)一般用if引導(dǎo)。
特殊疑問(wèn)意義
who, whom,
which,whose,
what, when,
where, why,
how,whoever,
whatever,
whichever
Please tell me what you want.請(qǐng)告訴我你需要什么？
She always thinks of how she can work well.
她總是在想怎樣能把工作做好。
She will give whoever needs help a warm support.
凡需要幫助的人，她都會(huì)給予熱情的支持。
賓語(yǔ)從句作及物動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)也可做
6、介詞的賓語(yǔ)。
注1
如果賓語(yǔ)從句后面有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，則用it作形式賓語(yǔ)，將從句后置。
We must make it clear that anyone who breaks the law will be punished.
我們必須認(rèn)清無(wú)論誰(shuí)違反了法律都要受到懲罰。
注2
think,believe,imagine,suppose等動(dòng)詞引出的賓語(yǔ)從句，要將從句中的否定形式，移到主句中。
We don’t think you are right. 我們認(rèn)為你不對(duì)。
I don’t believe he will do so. 我相信他不會(huì)這樣做的。
表
語(yǔ)
從
句
7、
連詞
that
whether
as if
The problem is(that) they can’t get here early enough.
問(wèn)題是他們不能很早到達(dá)這里。
It looks as if it’s going to rain.看起來(lái)天要下雨。
在非正式的文體中that可以省去
表語(yǔ)從句位于主句系動(dòng)詞之后
連接代詞
who
what
which
That’s just what I want. 這正是我想要的。
The question is who(which of you) will be the next sp
8、eaker.
問(wèn)題是誰(shuí)（你們哪一位）接著發(fā)言。
連接副詞
when
where
why
how
This is where our problem lies.
這就是我們的問(wèn)題所在。
That is why he didn’t come to the meeting.
那就是他為什么不到會(huì)的原因。
同
位
語(yǔ)
從
句
由連詞that引導(dǎo)，不擔(dān)任成分，也可有when, how, where等引導(dǎo)。
The news that he had landed on the moon spread all over the world.他曾在月球上登陸這個(gè)消息傳遍世
9、界。
I have no idea when he will come back home.
我不知道他什么時(shí)候回來(lái)。
The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill.
他想到可能瑪麗生病了。
He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not.
他必須回答他是否同意此事這樣一個(gè)問(wèn)題。
同位語(yǔ)從句說(shuō)明其前面的名詞的具體內(nèi)容，常用的名詞如：fact, news, idea, hope, thought,question, order, fear,
10、 doubt, word, proof， belief, story等。
特別注意what的雙重功能：
①What was once regarded as impossible has now become a reality．
(what為“所……的事”，相當(dāng)于“the thing that…；all that…；everything that…”)
②After ________ seemed a very long time，I opened my eye and found myself in bed．（M ET'93）
A.what B.when
11、 C.that D.which
(what相當(dāng)于“the time that”，表示“……時(shí)間”)
③He is not what he was a few years ago. Who is it that has made Fred what he is now？
(what表示“……的人”，相當(dāng)于“the person that…”)
④What is now the North Sahara Desert was once a civilized world．
(what表示“……的地方”，相當(dāng)于“the place that…”)
⑤Our income is now double what it was ten years ago
(what表示“……的數(shù)目”，相當(dāng)于“the amount ／number that…”)
2013屆高考英語(yǔ) 考點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法歸納復(fù)習(xí)題10
