《中考英語(yǔ) 第二輪 語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn)聚焦 第31講 簡(jiǎn)單句課件1》由會(huì)員分享,可在線閱讀,更多相關(guān)《中考英語(yǔ) 第二輪 語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn)聚焦 第31講 簡(jiǎn)單句課件1(22頁(yè)珍藏版)》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。
1、第31講簡(jiǎn)單句,陳述句和疑問(wèn)句,陳述句是用于陳述一個(gè)事實(shí)或表達(dá)說(shuō)話人的看法的句子。陳述句主要分為肯定句和否定句。疑問(wèn)句是指出問(wèn)題,詢(xún)問(wèn)事情的句子。疑問(wèn)句可分為:一般疑問(wèn)句,特殊疑問(wèn)句,選擇疑問(wèn)句和反意疑問(wèn)句。中考關(guān)于陳述句和疑問(wèn)句的考點(diǎn)主要是: 1陳述句的否定形式; 2特殊疑問(wèn)句中特殊疑詞的辨析與運(yùn)用。,高頻考向一陳述句的肯定句式的五種基本句型 1“主語(yǔ)系動(dòng)詞表語(yǔ)” I am honored.我很榮幸。 2“主語(yǔ)不及物動(dòng)詞” The students work very hard.學(xué)生們學(xué)習(xí)很努力。 3“主語(yǔ)及物動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)” I teach English.我教英語(yǔ)。,4“主語(yǔ)及物動(dòng)詞間接賓語(yǔ)直
2、接賓語(yǔ)”,間接賓語(yǔ)是人,直接賓語(yǔ)是物。能接雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞多數(shù)要在間接賓語(yǔ)前加to或for。 加to的動(dòng)詞有g(shù)ive, send, pass, take, bring, show, lend, sell等。 She sent me a present. She sent a present to me.她寄給我一份禮物。 加for的動(dòng)詞有buy, make, build, mend, cook等。 My father bought me a bike. My father bought a bike for me.我爸爸給我買(mǎi)了一輛自行車(chē)。 5“主語(yǔ)及物動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)” The teacher
3、 asked the students to listen carefully in class.老師要求學(xué)生上課認(rèn)真聽(tīng)講。,高頻考向二陳述句的否定形式 1be動(dòng)詞not The old man is not kind.那位老人不和藹。 2情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞not動(dòng)詞原形 I didnt get up at six oclock this morning. 今天早上六點(diǎn)我沒(méi)有起床。 3no, never, hardly, seldom, few, little, nobody, neither...nor..., none等詞構(gòu)成否定句。 I can hardly believe his sto
4、ry.我?guī)缀醪幌嘈潘墓适隆?4think, believe, suppose等詞的否定前移的用法。 I dont think he will come.我認(rèn)為他不會(huì)來(lái)。 5“too...to...”結(jié)構(gòu)本身具有否定含義。 She is too young to go to school.她太小,還不能去上學(xué)。,高頻考向三一般疑問(wèn)句 1一般疑問(wèn)句結(jié)構(gòu) 一般疑問(wèn)句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為:be主語(yǔ)其他;助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)(動(dòng)詞原形)其他。對(duì)一般疑問(wèn)句作肯定回答時(shí),通常是:Yes,主語(yǔ)be/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞;作否定回答時(shí),通常是:No,主語(yǔ)be/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞not。not一般要與前面的詞語(yǔ)構(gòu)成縮略形
5、式。,2一般疑問(wèn)句中需注意的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題: 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must提問(wèn)時(shí),否定回答用neednt或dont have to。如: Must I go now?我必須現(xiàn)在就去嗎? Yes,you must./No,you neednt.是的。/不,不必。 否定的一般疑問(wèn)句往往表示驚訝、贊嘆、懷疑等語(yǔ)氣。注意yes和no在翻譯成中文時(shí)與其原意正好相反。如: Dont you hear of that?難道你沒(méi)聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)這件事? Yes,I do./No,I dont.不,我聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)。/是的,我沒(méi)有聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)。,高頻考向四特殊疑問(wèn)句 1由疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的疑問(wèn)句叫特殊疑問(wèn)句。特殊疑問(wèn)句不能用Yes或No回答,讀時(shí)用降調(diào)。特殊
6、疑問(wèn)句由“疑問(wèn)代詞或疑問(wèn)副詞一般疑問(wèn)句”構(gòu)成。常見(jiàn)疑問(wèn)代詞有:who,whom,what(詞組),which,whose等;疑問(wèn)副詞有:when,where,how(詞組),why等。 2常見(jiàn)的特殊疑問(wèn)句 詢(xún)問(wèn)時(shí)間: When did it start?它什么時(shí)候開(kāi)始的? 詢(xún)問(wèn)地點(diǎn): Where do they come from?他們來(lái)自哪里? 詢(xún)問(wèn)人或關(guān)系: Who called you?誰(shuí)打電話給你? Whose pen is it?這是誰(shuí)的鋼筆? Who/Whom are you going with?你打算跟誰(shuí)一起去?,詢(xún)問(wèn)原因: Why do you like pandas?你為什
7、么喜歡熊貓? 詢(xún)問(wèn)天氣: How is the weather today?今天天氣怎么樣? What is the weather like today?今天天氣怎么樣? 詢(xún)問(wèn)頻率: How often do you watch TV?你多久看一次電視? 詢(xún)問(wèn)顏色: What color is your schoolbag?你的書(shū)包是什么顏色的?,詢(xún)問(wèn)年齡: How old is the boy?這男孩多大了? 詢(xún)問(wèn)距離: How far is it from your home to school?從你家到學(xué)校有多遠(yuǎn)? 詢(xún)問(wèn)數(shù)量: How many apples do we need?我們
8、需要多少蘋(píng)果? How much honey do we need?我們需要多少蜂蜜? 詢(xún)問(wèn)價(jià)格: How much is the Tshirt?這件T恤衫多少錢(qián)?,高頻考向五選擇疑問(wèn)句 提出兩種或兩種以上的情況,要求對(duì)方作出選擇回答的問(wèn)句叫選擇疑問(wèn)句。選擇疑問(wèn)句中兩種或兩種以上的情況用or連接,回答時(shí)不能用yes或no,要用一個(gè)完整的句子或其省略形式。語(yǔ)調(diào)一般是前升后降。選擇疑問(wèn)句可以分為一般選擇疑問(wèn)句和特殊疑問(wèn)句兩種。 一般選擇疑問(wèn)句:一般疑問(wèn)句or被選擇的部分?如: Do you like apples or pears?你喜歡蘋(píng)果還是梨? I like pears.我喜歡梨。 特殊選擇
9、疑問(wèn)句:特殊疑問(wèn)句A or B?如: Which would you like better,tea or coffee?茶或咖啡,你更喜歡哪一種? Id like coffee.我喜歡咖啡。,祈使句和感嘆句,英語(yǔ)中祈使句是用來(lái)表示請(qǐng)求、命令、叮囑、邀請(qǐng)、勸告等。用來(lái)表示說(shuō)話人強(qiáng)烈的喜、怒、哀、樂(lè)等感情的句子,叫感嘆句。中考關(guān)于祈使句和感嘆句的考點(diǎn)有: 1感嘆句中對(duì)引導(dǎo)詞what和how的選擇; 2祈使句的特征;肯定句式以動(dòng)詞原形開(kāi)頭的辨析。,高頻考向一祈使句的基本用法 祈使句的主語(yǔ)you往往省略,謂語(yǔ)無(wú)時(shí)態(tài)變化,多用動(dòng)詞原形,句子讀降調(diào)。 1肯定的祈使句 句型:動(dòng)詞原形其他成分。如: Be
10、careful!小心! “Do祈使句”表示一種強(qiáng)烈的感情或請(qǐng)求,do起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。如: Do remember it !千萬(wàn)要記?。?please用在祈使句中可以表示一種客氣的語(yǔ)氣,但please用在句末時(shí),必須用逗號(hào)與其余部分隔開(kāi)。如: Close the door,please.請(qǐng)關(guān)門(mén)。,2否定的祈使句 常用句型:Dont動(dòng)詞原形其他成分。如: Dont be late for school again!別再遲到了! 以Never開(kāi)頭:Never動(dòng)詞原形其他成分。如: Never leave todays work for tomorrow!不要把今天的工作留到明天! 以No開(kāi)頭:Nov.i
11、ng形式。如: No smoking!禁止吸煙! 3Let引導(dǎo)的祈使句 以Let開(kāi)頭的句子也是祈使句,表示陳述和建議。其否定形式有兩種:Let...not或Dont...。如: Let us not be late.讓我們不要遲到。 Dont let the boy play football in the street.不要讓這個(gè)男孩在街上踢足球。,高頻考向二感嘆句的基本用法 感嘆句由what或how引導(dǎo),具體用法如下表:,如: What a kind girl (she is)!(她是)一個(gè)多么善良的姑娘?。?What beautiful flowers (they are)!(它們是)多
12、么漂亮的花??! What bad weather (it is)!(這是)多么糟糕的天氣?。?How time flies!時(shí)光飛逝! How brave (the hero is)!(這位英雄)真勇敢! How clever (a boy he is)!(他)真聰明!,一、選用合適的詞完成下列疑問(wèn)句。 what, who, which, whose, can when, where, why, how, do 1_________can we learn from the book? 2________you give me an example? 3______does your cous
13、in usually go to work on foot? He says its good for his health. 4_________did you achieve your dream? By working hard, of course. 5Do you know ________they got married? Last year.,What,Can,Why,How,when,6_________one do you prefer,coffee or tea? 7_______told you the good news? 8_______we need to disc
14、uss this question? Yes. 9_______idea is it? Its my fathers. 10_________do you plan to go this summer?,Which,Who,Do,Whose,Where,二、閱讀下列句子,填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~補(bǔ)全感嘆句。 11_________amazing picture! Who painted it? 12___________useful robot! It can help with the housework like a human servant. 13________ interesting the
15、book is! I want to buy one. 14______smart monkeys they are! So they are. Children love them very much. 15__________ sunny day it is! Yes, its good for hiking.,What an,What a,How,What,What a,三、根據(jù)句意用所給詞適當(dāng)形式填空。 16Tommy, ______________(not play) basketball in the street next time. You may get hit by a c
16、ar.(2016,廣東) 17 (try) to smile at your life when you are in trouble, and you will soon be happy again.(2016,黃石) 18Do you want to be healthy? ___________(smile). Smiling can help you stay healthy.(2016,綿陽(yáng)) 19No _______________(smoke)! 20Dont let her ____________(disturb) me!,dont play,Try,Smile,smoking,disturb,