高一英語(yǔ)必修一unit1同步講解

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1、Unit 1 同步講解 1.add (vt./vi)加，增加，補(bǔ)充說(shuō) 詞性拓展： additional (adj) 附加的，另外的； addition (n.) 加，增加 in addition 另外；此外 in addition to 除了…… 用法： （1）add sth. up 把…加起來(lái) （2）add to 增添 （3）add… to … 把…加到… (4)add up 把…加起來(lái) (5)add up to 總計(jì)；加起來(lái)結(jié)果是 … What he said about the accident and did with it ______ our troub

2、le. A. added up to B. added to C. add up D. add add to 增添；不能用被動(dòng)(B) You’d better ________ your score and see if you have passed the exam. A. add up to B. add to C. add up D. add A 強(qiáng)調(diào)加起來(lái)的結(jié)果；C意為把……加起來(lái)（C） 2. ignore (vt.)不理睬 ；忽視 詞性拓展： ignorant adj. 無(wú)知的；不知的 ignorance n. 無(wú)知；愚昧 用法：（1）ignore sb

3、./ sth. 忽視某人/某物 （2）be ignorant of sth he ________ the doctor’s advice and goes on smoking. I was ________ of the fact that the boss could be so strict. (ignores; ignorant) 3. clam adj. 平靜的；鎮(zhèn)靜的；沉靜的 you should keep clam in time of danger. 區(qū)別：silent 不說(shuō)話，不出聲；quite 安靜的；寧?kù)o的；still 不動(dòng)的；強(qiáng)調(diào)“靜止?fàn)顟B(tài)”；cla

4、m 指人“沉著，鎮(zhèn)定”；指自然“無(wú)風(fēng)無(wú)浪”。 （1）The old man stood quite _______ , except that his lips moved slightly. （2）One man shouted at the boy, “ be _______, boy ! what’s the matter with you?” （3）He is _______ about the accident. （4）He remained _________ in the face of the cruel enemy. (1.still 2

5、.quite. 3. silent. 4. calm) 4.concern vt. 涉及；關(guān)系到 n.關(guān)心；關(guān)注 用法拓展： (1) be concerned about/for sth.關(guān)心掛念…… (2)as far as …be concerned …就…… 而言 The meeting was concerned _________ reforms and everyone present was concerned _______ their own interests. A. with; for B. with; with C. for; about; D.

6、about; with (前一句理解為“會(huì)議與改革有關(guān)”，因此此處應(yīng)填介詞with; 后一句句意為“到會(huì)的每一個(gè)人都關(guān)心自己的利益”，因此空二填介詞 about/for 。 A) 5．cheat n. 欺騙;騙子 vt./vi. 欺騙；作弊 用法拓展： （1） cheat sb. into doing sth..欺騙某人做某事 （2）cheat sb. (out) of sth. 欺騙某人某物 （3）cheat sb. into the belief that … 騙某人相信… (4) cheat in the exam 考試作弊 6．crazy adj. 瘋狂的；

7、狂熱的 用法拓展： （1）be crazy about …….對(duì)…… 狂熱，癡迷 （2）be crazy for sb./sth. =long for 渴望某物或迷戀某人 （3）be crazy with 因……而發(fā)瘋 He has greatly improved is spoken English by learning Crazy English.And he ________ a chance to go abroad. A. is crazy about B. is crazy for C. is hoping for D. hopes about 7．g

8、o through (1)經(jīng)歷；經(jīng)受 （2）仔細(xì)閱讀或研究；仔細(xì)查看 （3）完成；用光；通過(guò)；穿過(guò) You really don’t know what we went through while working on this project. 你的確不知道我們搞這個(gè)項(xiàng)目吃了多少苦。 用法拓展： see through 看穿；看破 get through 通過(guò)；完成；接通電話 break through 突破 look through 瀏覽 through and through 從頭至尾地 8．hide away 躲藏；隱藏； 把……隱藏起來(lái) He hide

9、s my book away somewhere. 他把我的書(shū)藏在某個(gè)地方了。 9．set down 放下；記下；登記 Why don’t you set your ideas down on paper? 用法拓展： set down= put down= take down (1) set about doing sth.開(kāi)始做某事 (2) set off 開(kāi)始；出發(fā)；引爆 set sth. off 使…… 爆炸 (3) set up 建立；創(chuàng)辦 (4) set sb. a good example 為……樹(shù)立好榜樣 (5) set fire to 放火燒

10、 (6) set aside 把 ……放在一邊；存儲(chǔ) She ________ the vase on the table and went out. A. set out B. set up C. set down D. set on (C. 放下) 10．★ happen to do sth. 碰巧正在做某事 When I was about to look for him, he happened to come in. 用法拓展： (1) happen to be doing 碰巧正在做某事 （2）happen to have done 碰巧做完了某事 （4）h

11、appen to sb. / sth .發(fā)生 （5）It happens that (從句)= 主語(yǔ)+ happen + to do 碰巧……. （6）As it happens 碰巧；偶然 It happened that I met him on my way home, yesterday. ( 改為同義句) =I happened to meet him on my way home, yesterday. 11. face to face 面對(duì)面地 she stood face to face with him. 用法拓展： hand in hand 手拉手

12、side by side 肩并肩 = shoulder to shoulder肩并肩 heart to heart 心連心地 back to back 背靠背地 arm in arm 手拉手地 15. in order to / so as to in order to 和so as to 后接動(dòng)詞原形，用作目的狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，二者用法一致，但in order to do語(yǔ)氣強(qiáng)烈，可放在句首、句中；而 so as to do 語(yǔ)氣較弱，只能放在句中，不能放在句首；它們的否定形式把not 放在to 的前面。 注意：in order to 引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)同句子主語(yǔ)保持一

13、致。 ________ get a better score, she has been studying hard all day. A. soas to B. in order to C. so that D. in order that (B, so that 和in order that 引導(dǎo)從句) ★句型及重難點(diǎn)句詳解 1．While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car. (Warming up, P1) = While you were

14、walking the dog, … 省略了walk 的邏輯主語(yǔ)you 和be 動(dòng)詞were, 以避免重復(fù)。 While living in England, he picked up some English. = While he was living in England, …. When asked about the secret of his success, he said that he owed it to his wife. = When he was asked about the …. 用法拓展：當(dāng)連詞when, while, before, after等引

15、導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)與主句的主語(yǔ)一致時(shí)，可將從句中的主語(yǔ)和 be動(dòng)詞省去。 While _________ through the park, we saw a fine flower show. A. walked B. walking C. walks D. being walking When _________ from the hill,the buses look small. A. seen B. seeing C. see D. to see (B; A, see和buses 構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，而且是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。) 2. …I haven

16、’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. (Reading P2) …… so… that…如此……以至于…（狀語(yǔ)從句） 用法拓展： （1）so +adj./adv.+ that ; so +adj. a(n) +n.+ that (2) such +adj. +n.(pl.或〖U〗+ that ; such +a(n) +adj. +n. +that (3) so /such … as 如此……(定語(yǔ)從句) He is

17、such an honest boy that we all like him.=he is so honest a boy that we all like him. = He is so honest a boy as we all like. Mary is ________ clever _______ she understands everything. A. such a ; that B. such an ; that C. so ; that D. so ; as (C) 6．…it was the first time in a year an

18、d a half that I’d seen the night face to face ….(Reading P2)這是我一年半以來(lái)第一次目睹夜晚…. 句式：it / this / that +is(was) +the first /the second /….time that …“某人第一次/二次/……次做某事。注意從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或過(guò)去完成時(shí)。Is與has /have 對(duì)應(yīng)；was 與 had done對(duì)應(yīng)。 It is the second time that john has held an art exhibition. It was the third t

19、ime that she had come to this mountain village to see the children. ---- Do you know our town at all? ---- No, this is the first time I ________ here. A. had come B. am coming C. came D. have come (D) Period 2

20、 Learning about language 詞匯 1．suffer vt./ vi. 遭受；忍受； 經(jīng)歷 the factory suffered a great loss in the fire. 用法拓展：suffer from 遭受 （1）suffer from floods遭受水災(zāi) （2）she often suffers from headaches.她經(jīng)常頭痛。 Be careful or our work will ________. A. fail B. suffer C. fall D. lose (B. suffer 在這里做vi.意為“

21、受損失”) He ________ terribly all through his illness. A. suffer B. is suffered C. suffered D. suffering (C, 根據(jù)意思“他得病期間遭受了很多痛苦”。時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，另外當(dāng)suffer 作“受痛苦，患病”講時(shí)，是不及物動(dòng)詞，不能用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。) 句型及重難點(diǎn)句詳解 ★1．She found it difficult to settle and calm down in the hiding place. (Learning about language P4) 句中it 做

22、形式賓語(yǔ)，代替后面的不定式to settle and calm down in the hiding place. 用法拓展：當(dāng)復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)中的賓語(yǔ)是不定式、動(dòng)名詞、賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，往往把賓語(yǔ)放在它的補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的后面，而it 作形式賓語(yǔ)，放在賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)之前。 I found it very interesting to study English. I think it no use arguing with him. He made it clear that he was not interested in this subject. 注意：it 用在一些不能帶賓語(yǔ)從句的動(dòng)詞后作形式賓語(yǔ)。

23、 I hate it that he often takes my bike without asking me. I don’t think ________ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work. A. this B. that C. its D. it (D) I like _____ when the weather is warm and sunshine. A. it B. that C. this D. one (A, 有一些動(dòng)詞如：hate / like / enjoy / d

24、islike / appreciate 等詞的后面， 不能直接跟賓語(yǔ)從句，而要加上形式賓語(yǔ)it.) ★2. Mum asked her if (whether) she was very hot with so many clothes on. (Learning about language P5) “with + 賓語(yǔ) +賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)（OC）”的結(jié)構(gòu)稱(chēng)為with 的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。 這種結(jié)構(gòu)在句中可作定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)，表示方式、原因、 條件等。 With +O +adj. With +O +adv. With +O + 介詞短語(yǔ) With + O +不定式 With + O +

25、分詞（過(guò)去分詞 done 或現(xiàn)在分詞 doing ） 注意：如果賓補(bǔ)是動(dòng)詞，表示主動(dòng)和進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，用現(xiàn)在分詞doing； 表示主動(dòng)和將來(lái)的動(dòng)作，用動(dòng)詞不定式to do； 表示被動(dòng)和完成了的動(dòng)作，用過(guò)去分詞done.。 Tom always sleeps with his eyes open. （形容詞作OC） The boy ran out with nothing on. （副詞作OC） Do you know the woman with a child in her arms? （介詞短語(yǔ)作OC） ▲With so much work to do, I can’t go wit

26、h you.（不定式作OC） ▲the room with a candle burning is mine. （現(xiàn)在分詞作 OC） ▲they came to a shop with its door closed. （過(guò)去分詞作OC） We’ll certainly win great victory, with the Party _________ us. A. lead B. to lead C. to have led D. led (B. 考查 with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。“有黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)著我們”， 表主動(dòng)和將來(lái)，用不定式作賓補(bǔ)。 He wore a shirt wit

27、h the neck ________, ________ his bare chest. A. opened; showing B. opening;showed C. open; showing D. open; showed (C, 空一open 為形容詞作賓補(bǔ)；空二show后面帶著賓語(yǔ)，因此用現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ)) Period 3 Using language 詞匯 1．a(chǎn)dvice n. 忠告；建議 can you give us some advice on how to learn English? 用法拓展： （1）a piece

28、of advice 一條建議 ； some advice 一些建議 提醒：advice 為不可數(shù)名詞，其前可用some, much, a piece of, pieces of 等修飾，如表示“一條建議”或“幾條建議”不能說(shuō)成 an advice / several advices而應(yīng)說(shuō)成a piece of advice; several pieces of advice. （2）give sb. some advice on ( how to do) sth.給某人提關(guān)于……建議 （3）ask sb. for advice 征求某人的意見(jiàn) （4）take/ follow one’s

29、 advice 聽(tīng)從某人的建議 （5）advise doing sth.// advise sb. to do sth. // ▲advise (sb.) that （should do） 建議做某事/建議某人做某事/建議（某人） （6）advise sb. against doing 建議某人不要做某事 Father went to his doctor for _______ about his heart trouble. A. an advice B. advice C. advices D. some advices municate vi. 交際；溝通； 傳達(dá) （感情

30、、信息等） I’m not very good at communicating with people. 用法拓展： communication n. 交際 communicate with sb. 與某人交際，交流 communicate sth. to sb. 將某事通知某人 3．habit n.習(xí)慣；習(xí)性 It is a good habit for you to keep a diary. 用法拓展： （1）be in / fall into / get into / form the habit of doing sth.有/養(yǎng)成……習(xí)慣 （2）get o

31、ut of / get rid of / kick /break away the habit of doing sth.戒掉……習(xí)慣 短語(yǔ) 1．Get along /on well with sb./ sth.與……相處很好 Our English teacher gets along well our students. 2. fall in love with sb. 愛(ài)上某人（表動(dòng)作）； be in love with sb.與某人相愛(ài)（表狀態(tài)）可與一段時(shí)間連用。 ▲3. pay attention to (doing ) sth. 注意某事 You should

32、 pay attention to your pronunciation. 用法拓展： 此短語(yǔ)to 為介詞，后面跟名詞v.-ing形式。 類(lèi)似的還有：look forward to ( 盼望)； lead to (導(dǎo)致，通向) ； stick to (堅(jiān)持)；belong to (屬于)； object to ( 反對(duì)) ； get down to （開(kāi)始，著手）；devote to (獻(xiàn)身于， 致力于) 詞語(yǔ)辨析 1．join / join (sb.) in / take part in / attend join參加某個(gè)組織，使其成為其中的一員。一般跟army, the

33、league, the party, club, sb.作賓語(yǔ)； join (sb.) in sth. 參加活動(dòng)； take part in 參加某個(gè)活動(dòng)，并在其中起積極的作用，一般等于join in; attend 參加某個(gè)活動(dòng)，但不在其中起作用，擔(dān)任角色，后面跟meeting, wedding, lecture, class school等作賓語(yǔ)。 填空 （1）We are glad to _______ all the activities. （2）Mike _____ Lily’s wedding. （3）Will you please ________ us _____

34、___ the discussion? （4）He ________ the army three years ago. (join in /take part in; attended 參加會(huì)議，婚禮等；join in ,join sb. in 和某人一起于……; joined 參軍、入團(tuán)、入黨、加入俱樂(lè)部或某個(gè)人) 句型及重難點(diǎn)句詳解 1. I am having some trouble with my classmates at the moment.(using language. P6) 詞組：have some / a lot of trouble with sb./ sth.意思為“同某人鬧意見(jiàn)/矛盾；做 …….有困難。” trouble 在這里是不可數(shù)名詞。 Do you have any trouble with your English study? 用法拓展： （1）be in trouble處于困境中 （2）get (sb.) into trouble 陷入困境 （3）have trouble in sth. / in doing sth.在……./ 在做某事方面有困難