《高考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí) 語(yǔ)法突破 第4講 介詞和連詞課件 北師大版》由會(huì)員分享,可在線閱讀,更多相關(guān)《高考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí) 語(yǔ)法突破 第4講 介詞和連詞課件 北師大版(36頁(yè)珍藏版)》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。
1、介詞和連詞雖然都屬虛詞,但在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中卻非常重要,也是每年高考的必考項(xiàng)目。高考主要考查介詞在具體語(yǔ)境中的應(yīng)用,介詞與其他詞性的搭配辨析,介詞和連詞的一些習(xí)慣用法和固定搭配等。簡(jiǎn)單簡(jiǎn)單介詞介詞at,about,across,after,against,among,around,before,behind,below,beside,besides,between,beyond,but,by,down,during,except,for,from,in,like,near,of,off,on,past,under,until,up,with,since復(fù)合復(fù)合介詞介詞 as for至于,至于,as
2、to關(guān)于,關(guān)于,out of從,出自,從,出自,into進(jìn)入,進(jìn)入,onto到到上面,上面,without沒有,沒有,but for要不是要不是二重二重介詞介詞from under從從的下面,的下面,from behind從從的后的后面,面,until after直到直到之后,之后,from among從從當(dāng)中當(dāng)中短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)介詞介詞according to根據(jù),根據(jù),ahead of在在前面,前面,apart from除除之外,之外,because of由于,由于,by means of依靠,依靠,by way of作為作為分詞分詞介詞介詞concerning,including,regardi
3、ng二、從介詞本身的意義來看,介詞可以分以下幾個(gè)種類:二、從介詞本身的意義來看,介詞可以分以下幾個(gè)種類:表示表示時(shí)間時(shí)間about,around,before,by,at,after,in,on,between,during,for,from,since,till,until,within表示表示地點(diǎn)地點(diǎn)about,at,in,on,over,through,across,along,around,before,between,beyond,down,up,to,toward,under,near表示表示方式方式by bus乘公共汽車,乘公共汽車,see with ones own eyes親
4、眼看,親眼看,write in ink用墨水寫,用墨水寫,on foot步行步行表示表示原因原因for:He was punished for stealing.他因偷竊而被懲罰。他因偷竊而被懲罰。from:She felt sick from tiredness.她累病了。她累病了。of:be ashamed of因因而感到羞愧而感到羞愧with:shake with cold因寒冷而發(fā)抖因寒冷而發(fā)抖because of,due to,thanks to,owing to,on account of表示表示關(guān)于關(guān)于about關(guān)于關(guān)于(一般情況一般情況),on關(guān)于關(guān)于(理論,學(xué)術(shù)理論,學(xué)術(shù))o
5、f:a long story of adventure一個(gè)長(zhǎng)篇冒險(xiǎn)故事一個(gè)長(zhǎng)篇冒險(xiǎn)故事此外還有:此外還有:concerning,regarding,with regard to,as for,as to等。等。表示表示比較比較as:His face is as black as coal.他的臉跟煤炭一樣黑。他的臉跟煤炭一樣黑。like:He saw a number of small hard things like stones.他看見一些像石頭一樣的小的、堅(jiān)硬的東西。他看見一些像石頭一樣的小的、堅(jiān)硬的東西。表示表示除外除外other thanbutbut:He works every d
6、ay but Sunday.除星期天外,除星期天外,他每天都工作。他每天都工作。except:We all went except Tom.除了湯姆外,我們除了湯姆外,我們都去了。都去了。except for:The letter is good except for some spelling mistakes.除了一些拼寫錯(cuò)誤之外,這封信還除了一些拼寫錯(cuò)誤之外,這封信還算是通順的。算是通順的。besidesin addition to除除外,還外,還(實(shí)則表示實(shí)則表示包含在內(nèi)包含在內(nèi)):Besides English,he studies German and French.除英語(yǔ)外,他還
7、學(xué)習(xí)德語(yǔ)和法語(yǔ)。除英語(yǔ)外,他還學(xué)習(xí)德語(yǔ)和法語(yǔ)。except that/when:He has always been busy except when it is Sunday.除星期日以外,他總是很忙。除星期日以外,他總是很忙。表示表示條件條件with:With all his faults,I like him.盡管他有種種盡管他有種種缺點(diǎn),我還是喜歡他。缺點(diǎn),我還是喜歡他。without:Man cannot live without water.沒有水人就沒有水人就不能活。不能活。表示表示結(jié)果結(jié)果to:She tore the letter to pieces.她把信撕個(gè)粉碎。她把信撕
8、個(gè)粉碎。表示表示對(duì)于對(duì)于for:Sea air is good for health.海上的空氣對(duì)健康有海上的空氣對(duì)健康有好處。好處。to:To her it was all unusual.這一切對(duì)她都不平常。這一切對(duì)她都不平常。表示表示讓步讓步despite,in spite of,regardless of表示表示根據(jù)根據(jù)on,according to特別提醒:特別提醒:當(dāng)時(shí)間名詞前有:當(dāng)時(shí)間名詞前有:this,that,last,next,some,every等限定詞時(shí),通常不用任何介詞。如:等限定詞時(shí),通常不用任何介詞。如:last Sunday,next week,every da
9、y,this morning等。等。有些結(jié)構(gòu)可能帶有冠詞:in the course of在過程中in the act of正在做時(shí)關(guān)系關(guān)系連詞連詞典句示例典句示例并列并列and,not only.but also,neither.nor.,as well asTheir car broke down halfway and they had to stay in a small inn for the night.選擇選擇or,either.or.,otherwise,or elseEither you are mad,or I am.轉(zhuǎn)折轉(zhuǎn)折 but,while,whenMary is a
10、 nice girl,but she has one shortcoming.因果因果 for,so,thusSomeone is coming,for the dog is barking.狀狀語(yǔ)語(yǔ)從從句句時(shí)間時(shí)間連詞連詞after,as,before,once,since,till,until,when,while,as soon as,whenever,the moment,the first time地點(diǎn)地點(diǎn)連詞連詞where,wherever方式方式連詞連詞as,as if,as though原因原因連詞連詞considering(that),now(that),because,si
11、nce,as,seeing that結(jié)果結(jié)果連詞連詞so that,so.that,such.that,in such a way that,with the result that狀狀語(yǔ)語(yǔ)從從句句目的目的連詞連詞so that,in order that,in case(that),lest(that),for fear that條件條件連詞連詞if,unless,as(so)long as,on condition(that),supposing(that),provided/providing(that)讓步讓步連詞連詞though,although,even if/even thoug
12、h,no matter.,however,whatever,while比較比較連詞連詞as,than,as.as.,not so.as,when,whilewhen當(dāng)當(dāng)時(shí)候時(shí)候(既可指時(shí)間點(diǎn),也可指時(shí)間段既可指時(shí)間點(diǎn),也可指時(shí)間段)Dont get excited when you talk.(正在正在)突然突然I was about to go out when it rained.既然,盡管,雖然既然,盡管,雖然(常放在句中常放在句中)How can he get the promotion when his boss dislikes him?用在表示用在表示“一一就就”的句型中的句型中
13、scarcely/hardly.when.Hardly had I entered my room when the telephone rang.當(dāng)當(dāng)時(shí)候時(shí)候(只指時(shí)間段只指時(shí)間段)While we were talking,the teacher came in.while當(dāng)當(dāng)時(shí)候時(shí)候(只指時(shí)間段只指時(shí)間段)While we were talking,the teacher came in.然而,表示對(duì)比轉(zhuǎn)折然而,表示對(duì)比轉(zhuǎn)折He is strong while his brother is weak.雖然,盡管雖然,盡管(常放在句首常放在句首)While I have sympathy
14、for them,I think they went too far.as當(dāng)當(dāng)時(shí)候時(shí)候當(dāng)主句、從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行,從句動(dòng)作的時(shí)間概念當(dāng)主句、從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行,從句動(dòng)作的時(shí)間概念淡化,而主要表示主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生的背景或條件時(shí),淡化,而主要表示主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生的背景或條件時(shí),只能用只能用as。這時(shí),。這時(shí),as常表示常表示“隨著隨著;一邊;一邊,一邊一邊”之意之意As years go by,China is getting stronger and richer.The little girls sang as they went.盡管,雖然盡管,雖然(引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,用倒裝語(yǔ)序引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,用倒裝
15、語(yǔ)序)Try as he might,Tom could not get out of the difficulties. as引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句或比較狀語(yǔ)從句,作引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句或比較狀語(yǔ)從句,作“正如正如/像像”解解As in your country,we grow wheat in the north and rice in the south.He doesnt speak English as/so fluently as you.引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句,作引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句,作“因?yàn)?,由于因?yàn)?,由于”解,與解,與because的用法相近的用法相近I must stop writing now,as I have rather a lot of work to do.