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1、情情態(tài)態(tài)動動詞詞有情有情有義有義你叫什么名字？你叫什么名字？你電話多少？你電話多少？情態(tài)動詞的本質(zhì)情態(tài)動詞的本質(zhì)=-=-表示情感或者態(tài)度的表示情感或者態(tài)度的助助動詞動詞couldcanwouldmaywillshouldought tomustshallmight一.分類一心兩用一心兩用needdare拖兒帶女拖兒帶女will (would)can (could) shall(should)may (might) 獨(dú)門獨(dú)戶mustought to*兩個(gè)基本點(diǎn) 肯定及否定形式 提問及回答背景知識第一組will (would)can (could) shall(should)may (might)
2、 第二組mustought to 第三組needdare第一組will (would)can (could) shall(should)may (might) 第二組mustought to第三組needdare半助動詞半助動詞正常提問與回答正常提問與回答半情態(tài)V：Do/Does/DidDo/Does/Did（+not /n t+not /n t） + +主語主語+need/dare+need/dare+其他其他? ? Yes, Yes,主語主語+do/does/did. +do/does/did. No, No,主語主語+don+dont/doesnt/didnt.t/doesnt/didn
3、t.句子=主+ 謂+其他 情V(nt)提問：情提問：情V(ntV(nt)+)+句子句子？回答：回答： Yes,Yes,主語主語 + +情情v.v. No, No,主語主語 + +情情 v n v nt twill will (would)(would)can can (could) (could) shall(shshall(should)ould)may may (might(might) )mustmustought(noought(not) tot) toneedneeddaredare情態(tài)V一一) )、非推測性用法、非推測性用法- -考察詞義辨析考察詞義辨析1.1.詞義及用法詞義及用法
4、; ; 2.2.同義區(qū)分同義區(qū)分; ;二二) )、推測性用法、推測性用法- -考察可能性的強(qiáng)弱考察可能性的強(qiáng)弱 1. 1.類型類型 2. 2.比較強(qiáng)弱比較強(qiáng)弱二二.用法用法拖兒帶女型拖兒帶女型will (would)will (would)將；愿意；邀請（用于疑問）將；愿意；邀請（用于疑問）can (could)can (could)能，能，可以可以ShallShall將會將會; ;必須必須; ;應(yīng)該應(yīng)該( (用于第一人稱，征求意用于第一人稱，征求意見見) )(should)(should)將會將會; ;必須必須; ;應(yīng)該應(yīng)該; ; ( (間接引語，征求意間接引語，征求意見見) )，竟然竟然m
5、ay may 可以可以; ;祝愿祝愿 (might)(might)可以可以1. 詞詞義及用義及用法：法：獨(dú)門獨(dú)戶型獨(dú)門獨(dú)戶型mustmust必須必須ought to ought to 本該本該一心兩用型一心兩用型deeddeed需要需要daredare敢敢區(qū)分區(qū)分1 1基本用法：基本用法：couldcould，wouldwould，mightmight，shouldshould是四個(gè)獨(dú)是四個(gè)獨(dú)立的情態(tài)動詞，立的情態(tài)動詞，只有在直接引語變成間接引語時(shí)作為只有在直接引語變成間接引語時(shí)作為willwill，can , can , shall, mayshall, may的過去時(shí)代用一下的過去時(shí)代用一
6、下Shall we begin now?He asked if we should begin now?2.2.同義區(qū)分同義區(qū)分區(qū)分區(qū)分2 2 ：社交口語中，同義情況下，社交口語中，同義情況下，would, could , should, mightwould, could , should, might比原型更委婉、禮貌。比原型更委婉、禮貌。你今晚來嗎？你能幫我嗎？ 你或許能幫我個(gè)忙吧?Would you come tonight？Could you help me?You might do me a favor? 一一般上指般上指“自己允許別人做某事自己允許別人做某事”（maymay較正式
7、）較正式）cancan maymay 同義，語氣較委婉同義，語氣較委婉couldcouldMightMight區(qū)分區(qū)分3請求許可請求許可-Can/May/ Could/Might -Can/May/ Could/Might I use I use your dictionaryyour dictionary? ? -Yes, you Yes, you cancan. . ( (No, I am afraid not/Yes, please./ Thanks)No, I am afraid not/Yes, please./ Thanks)May 引導(dǎo)問句，肯定回答，Yes, of course
8、./ Yes, certainly./Sure 否定回答：No, you mustnt（不準(zhǔn)）. No, you neednt. No, you cant.Must 引導(dǎo)問句，（must與have to 意思大致相同）肯定回答:must 否定回答：Neednt/ Dont have to. 區(qū)分區(qū)分44建議請求建議請求 you open the window please? I you open the window please? I feel a bit hot here. feel a bit hot here. you like you like to see the film? to
9、 see the film? we see the film together? we see the film together? I sing a song for you ?I sing a song for you ?Will Will WoulWould dShaShallllCan/MayCan/May- Shall we talk?- Shall we talk? - - Shall he come to see you ? Shall he come to see you ? No, you_ .No, you_ . 否定回答否定回答May May - cant, mustnt
10、- cant, mustntShallShall, must- neednt, , must- neednt, dont have dont have toto（沒必要）（沒必要）neednt注意添加否定詞的含義注意添加否定詞的含義補(bǔ)充（1 1）would likewould like意為意為“想要，愿意想要，愿意”，相當(dāng)于，相當(dāng)于wantwant，但比，但比wantwant語氣委婉。語氣委婉。 would like would like sthsth. . 想要某物想要某物 I would like some tea. I would like some tea. would like (w
11、ould like (sbsb) to do ) to do sthsth. . 想要干某想要干某事事 I would like to go with you. I would like to go with you. (2) Would you like to do (2) Would you like to do sthsth? “? “你愿意干你愿意干某事嗎？某事嗎？” Yes, Id like/love to; Yes, Id like/love to; Sorry, I am afraid not.Sorry, I am afraid not.再說明原因。再說明原因。牢記搭配寧愿做寧
12、愿做would rather dowould rather dowould prefer to do.would prefer to do.最好做最好做 had better do.had better do.實(shí)義V情態(tài)v必殺：接必殺：接to do動刀（主語為復(fù)數(shù)除外）和接動刀（主語為復(fù)數(shù)除外）和接do不動刀不動刀 neednt /darent / needs/dares /needed/dared to do does/dont /didnt need/dare /needs/dares /needed/dared do二）、二）、推測性用法推測性用法第一組第一組will (would)wi
13、ll (would)can can (could(could) ) shall(should)shall(should)may may (might)(might) 第二組第二組mustmustought toought to第三組第三組needneeddaredare注意：注意：Should/shouldnt Should/shouldnt 不用于推測不用于推測二）、二）、推測性用法推測性用法（否定（否定+not+not）can becan beCould beCould beMay do/May do/bebeMight do/Might do/bebeMust beMust becan
14、have donecan have doneCould have doneCould have doneMay have doneMay have done/been /been Might have done/Might have done/beenbeenMust have doneMust have done對現(xiàn)在推測對過去推測推測推測過去某動作發(fā)生的可能過去某動作發(fā)生的可能性性，Must be Must be 肯定推測最強(qiáng)肯定推測最強(qiáng)can be can be 其次其次maymay次次之之couldcould更次之，更次之，mightmight最小最小推測性大小比較推測性大小比較( (
15、注意：注意：musntmusnt= =“不準(zhǔn)不準(zhǔn)”不用于推測不用于推測) )cant be cant be 否定推測最強(qiáng)否定推測最強(qiáng)，12Is Mr. Smith in his office now? No, he _ there. I _him in the library a minute ago. （10深圳）深圳）A.may be, saw B. cant be, seeC. mustnt be, see D. cant be, saw13.Lets go to the zoo by taxi, _? Maybe we can go there _. Its not far. （10深
16、圳）深圳）A. wont you, on footB. wont you, by foot C. shall we, by footD. shall we, on foot7.-_late for school again,Tim!-Sorry, I promise that I_.（09深圳）深圳）ADont，wont B.Dont be,wont C. Dont he,dont DDont, will25. -You _ sleep in class. -Sorry, Miss Wang. I_.（07深圳）深圳）A. mustnt, mustnt B. cant; neednt C. m
17、ustnt wont D. shouldnt, may not 30. May I take this magazine out of the reading room? Please read it here. （05深圳）深圳）A. Certainly B. No, you needntC. No. you cant D. No, you may not9.-Dadwhy should I stop _computer games?-For your health, my boy , Im afraid you_.（09深圳）深圳）Ato play ; must B. playing; h
18、ave to Cto play ; can D. playing ; may 25-Can I go fishing witll youDad? -No，you_You_stay at home and do your homework first （08深圳）深圳） Awont，may Bcant，must Cshouldnt，ought Dneednt，shouldYou_ be tired after playing sports for a You_ be tired after playing sports for a long time without a rest.long time without a rest. （1010四川）四川） A. must B. need C. cant A. must B. need C. cant D. dearD. dearItsIts nearly seven nearly seven oclockoclock .Jack _ be back .Jack _ be back home at this moment. (09home at this moment. (09福建福建) ) A. must B. need C. could A. must B. need C. could D. can D. can
廣東省深圳市中考英語 情態(tài)動詞課件
