高考英語大一輪復習 語法部分 4 介詞課件 新人教版

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1、介詞介詞 熟讀深思熟讀深思 Born in1Peking, Yuan Longping graduated from2 Southwest Agricultural College in China in31953, and since4his graduation he has devoted himself to5agricultural education and research. His pioneering research has helped rid China of6hunger within7three decades. In 1973, in8cooperation wi

2、th others, he was able to cultivate a type of hybrid rice species which had great advantages over9others and whose output would increase by1020 percent than that of common ones. With11 higher yields than previous varieties, Professor Yuans new crop, regarded as12 the fifth invention after13 Chinas F

3、our Major Inventions, has quickly improved Chinas food supply. Without14 any hesitation, he shared his knowledge and technology with foreign scientists, so farmers in more than ten other countries besides15 China have thus benefited from16 his work, gaining access to17 his technology. In18 return, h

4、e was awarded with19 many international awards for his great achievements. In his spare time, Dr. Yuan loves playing the violin and listening to music. Every night, he reads for20 half an hour about21 various topics before he goes to sleep. But he cares for nothing more than his research and he goes

5、 to the fields twice a day by22 motorbike, which has left a strong impression on23 us. 漢語譯文：漢語譯文：袁隆平出生于北京，袁隆平出生于北京，1953年年畢業(yè)于中國西南農(nóng)學院。自從畢業(yè)后，他畢業(yè)于中國西南農(nóng)學院。自從畢業(yè)后，他一直致力于農(nóng)業(yè)教育和研究工作。他開創(chuàng)一直致力于農(nóng)業(yè)教育和研究工作。他開創(chuàng)性的研究已經(jīng)幫助中國在三十年內(nèi)擺脫了性的研究已經(jīng)幫助中國在三十年內(nèi)擺脫了饑餓問題。饑餓問題。1973年，通過與人合作，他培年，通過與人合作，他培育出了一種優(yōu)于其他品種的雜交水稻，其育出了一種優(yōu)于其他品種的雜交水稻，

6、其產(chǎn)量比普通品種要高產(chǎn)量比普通品種要高20%。由于產(chǎn)量比以。由于產(chǎn)量比以前的品種高，迅速提高了中國的糧食供應前的品種高，迅速提高了中國的糧食供應水平，它被認為是繼中國四大發(fā)明之后的水平，它被認為是繼中國四大發(fā)明之后的第五大發(fā)明。第五大發(fā)明。 他毫不猶豫地和外國科學家分享他的知他毫不猶豫地和外國科學家分享他的知識和技術，因而，除中國以外，還有另識和技術，因而，除中國以外，還有另外十多個國家的農(nóng)民能利用他的技術，外十多個國家的農(nóng)民能利用他的技術，從中受益。他也因此而獲得多個國際大從中受益。他也因此而獲得多個國際大獎。在閑暇時間，他喜歡拉小提琴、聽獎。在閑暇時間，他喜歡拉小提琴、聽音樂。每晚睡覺前音

7、樂。每晚睡覺前,他都會用半個小時他都會用半個小時閱讀各種書籍。他最為關心的是他的研閱讀各種書籍。他最為關心的是他的研究工作究工作, 每天兩次開摩托車到田里每天兩次開摩托車到田里, 這給這給我們留下了深刻的印象。我們留下了深刻的印象。1. in 地點介詞，在某個城市、國家等范圍較大地點介詞，在某個城市、國家等范圍較大的地點前用的地點前用in；小地點，如；小地點，如station，airport， corner等前面常用等前面常用at。2. 從某所學校畢業(yè)用從某所學校畢業(yè)用graduated from。3. in 用于年、月前用用于年、月前用in。4. since“自自以后，從以后，從以來以來”，

8、表示某情，表示某情況自過去某時間點或某個事件以來一直持續(xù)到?jīng)r自過去某時間點或某個事件以來一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，謂語動詞通常使用完成時。現(xiàn)在，謂語動詞通常使用完成時。5. 介詞介詞to與動詞與動詞devote構成詞組構成詞組 devote oneself to表示表示“某人致力于某事某人致力于某事”。 熟讀深思 6. 詞組詞組 rid sb. of表示表示“使某人擺脫使某人擺脫”。7. 介詞介詞within后面接一段時間，表示后面接一段時間，表示“不超過，不超過，在在的范圍內(nèi)的范圍內(nèi)”。8. 固定搭配固定搭配in cooperation with, 表示表示“與與合合作作”。9. 固定搭配固定搭配ha

9、ve advantages over，表示，表示“比比有優(yōu)勢有優(yōu)勢”。10. by后接數(shù)量詞，表示增加或減少的幅度。后接數(shù)量詞，表示增加或減少的幅度。11. with 表示表示“有有”。12. as表示表示 “作為作為”。13. after 表示表示“在在之后之后”。14. 詞組詞組without any hesitation表示表示“毫不猶豫毫不猶豫地地”。15. besides表示表示 “除了除了外，還外，還”。16. 詞組詞組benefit from表示表示“從從中受益中受益”。17. access后常接介詞后常接介詞to 構成詞組構成詞組access to表示表示“可獲得可獲得/利用某

10、物或到達某地利用某物或到達某地”。18. 詞組詞組in return, 表示表示“反過來，作為報答反過來，作為報答”。19. be awarded with表示表示“被授予被授予”。20. for表示某事持續(xù)了一段時間。表示某事持續(xù)了一段時間。21. about關于；在關于；在方面。方面。22. by乘乘(交通工具交通工具)。23. leave a strong impression on sb. 給某人留下給某人留下深刻的印象。深刻的印象。 介詞與高考介詞與高考 介詞后一定要接賓語，作賓語的通常是名詞、介詞后一定要接賓語，作賓語的通常是名詞、代詞或動名詞或代詞或動名詞或what從句。從句。

11、1.做語法填空時，若空格后是名詞、代詞、做語法填空時，若空格后是名詞、代詞、動名詞或動名詞或what從句，且他們在句中不是作主語、從句，且他們在句中不是作主語、表語或動詞的賓語時，這個空格就很可能是填介表語或動詞的賓語時，這個空格就很可能是填介詞。然后根據(jù)句子意思和空格前后詞語的搭配習詞。然后根據(jù)句子意思和空格前后詞語的搭配習慣來確定填哪一個介詞。慣來確定填哪一個介詞。 2.在短文改錯中，主要考查介詞的多用、誤在短文改錯中，主要考查介詞的多用、誤用、漏用，以及介詞后接動名詞而不是動詞原形。用、漏用，以及介詞后接動名詞而不是動詞原形。一、單句填空一、單句填空 請?zhí)钊胍粋€適當?shù)脑~。請?zhí)钊胍粋€適當?shù)?/p>

12、詞。 靈活運用靈活運用 1. So, I just looked at her _ a questioning expression on my face.表示臉上表示臉上“帶著帶著”疑問的表情。疑問的表情。 2. During the winter, they remind themselves, “This wont last long； well soon be out of here.” And _ the first warm day, the ants are out.表示表示“在在”具體的某一天。具體的某一天。 withon3. The new boy looked at the

13、 teacher _ a few seconds and all the other students wondered what the boy would do. 表示某個動詞或狀態(tài)延續(xù)了多久，用表示某個動詞或狀態(tài)延續(xù)了多久，用“for +時間段時間段”。 4. I didnt want to be laughed at for talking to him but I didnt like leaving him _ his own either.因因on ones own (=alone)是固定搭配。是固定搭配。foron5. His teacher took a deep drink

14、 and thanked his student very much for the sweet water. The young man went home _a happy heart.名詞名詞a happy heart 在句中不作主語在句中不作主語,也不也不作動詞的賓語作動詞的賓語, 就應是作介詞的賓語就應是作介詞的賓語, 空空格處應填介詞格處應填介詞; 由句意可知由句意可知, 是指這個年是指這個年輕人輕人“帶著帶著”愉快的心情回家愉快的心情回家, 表示表示“帶帶著著”用用with。with6. Jane stopped where a small crowd of men had ga

15、thered. She found some good quality pipes _sale.固定搭配固定搭配on sale, 表示表示“出售出售”。on7. When Jane got home, with her small but well-chosen present in her bag, her parents were already _ table having supper.名詞名詞(table)在句中不作主語在句中不作主語, 也不作動詞也不作動詞的賓語的賓語, 很可能就是作介詞的賓語很可能就是作介詞的賓語; 由由having supper可知可知, 填填at; 因為因為a

16、t table表表示示“在餐桌邊在餐桌邊, 在進餐在進餐”, 也是習慣搭配。也是習慣搭配。 at8. He was very tired _ doing this for a whole day.因因“他感到很累他感到很累”應是應是“在他做了一整在他做了一整天事之后天事之后”, 表示表示“在在之后之后”, 用介詞用介詞after;另外另外be tired from doing表示表示“因因做某事而累做某事而累”，所以也可填，所以也可填from。after/ from9. I realized that the villagers who had gathered around me were

17、arguing as to who should have the honour of receiving me _ a guest in their house.意思是意思是“把我當作客人把我當作客人”來接待來接待, 表表示示“當作當作, 作為作為”, 用介詞用介詞as。as10. When the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends in the village, I wanted to reward the old woman _ the trouble I had caused her.表示表示“因因而酬謝而酬謝/報答某人報答某人

18、”是是reward sb. for sth.。for11. I once took a walk along the street on a Saturday dusk, _ a Pepsi can in my hand.構成構成with復合結構，表伴隨。復合結構，表伴隨。with 12. We should take some measures to fight _ pollution.短語：短語：fight against同同作斗爭。作斗爭。13. During one visit _the Pacific islands of Tonga，a specially-prepared din

19、ner was arranged in her honor.名詞名詞visit有有“參觀某地參觀某地”之意，后接介詞之意，后接介詞to，再接地點。，再接地點。againstto14. Wed better discuss everything _ detail before we work out the plan.搭配：搭配：in detail詳細地。句意為：我們在執(zhí)詳細地。句意為：我們在執(zhí)行計劃之前最好詳細地把所有事情討論一行計劃之前最好詳細地把所有事情討論一番。番。 in15. Try on this red skirt; you will look great _ it.表示表示“穿著

20、穿著”。in二、語篇填空二、語篇填空 Mr. Brown was going away 1 _a week. Before he left, he said to his son, “If anyone asks 2 _me, you can tell him that your father has been out 3 _doing something, and will be back 4 _a week, then be sure to ask him to sit down 5 _ a cup of tea.” “OK, Dad,” said his son. But he was

21、afraid his son couldnt remember this, he wrote these words down 6 _a piece of paper and gave it 7 _him. for for for in for on to His son put it 8 _ his small pocket, took it out and looked 9 _it every now and then. Four days passed, but no one came to see his father. The boy thought that there was n

22、o man to come and that the piece of paper was 10 _no more use for him, so he burnt it that evening. The next afternoon, someone knocked 11 _ the door. into at of at The boy opened it. A man was standing 12 _ the door and said, “Where is your father?” The boy put his hand into his pocket 13 _once and

23、 looked 14 _ the piece of paper. He could not find it. He suddenly remembered he had burnt it, so he shouted, “No more.” The man asked 15 _ surprise, “No more? I met your father last week. When did it happen?” at at for in 本文是個笑話，笑料在于本文是個笑話，笑料在于no more有有“沒有了沒有了”“”“死了死了”等不同含意。等不同含意。1. for 表示持續(xù)多久，用表示持

24、續(xù)多久，用“for+時間段時間段”。2. for 詞組詞組ask for sb.意為意為“找某人找某人”。3. for 表示目的，此處表示目的，此處for doing相當于相當于to do。4. in 表示過多久后將會做某事，用表示過多久后將會做某事，用“in+時間段時間段”。5. for 表示目的用表示目的用for，此處相當于，此處相當于to have。6. on 表示表示“在紙上在紙上”寫下來。寫下來。7. to 因因“把某物給某人把某物給某人”是是give sth. to sb.。8. into 將紙條將紙條“放入放入”口袋里。口袋里。9. at 因因look at表示表示“看看”。10

25、. of 因因of use =useful。11. at 因因knock at the door表示表示“敲門敲門”。12. at 因因at the door表示表示“在門口在門口”。13. at 因因at once表示表示“立即，馬上立即，馬上”。14. for 因因look for表示表示“尋找尋找”。15. in 因表示因表示“驚奇地驚奇地”用用in surprise。三、單句改錯三、單句改錯 1. I worked like a postman for a short time, but I am afraid of dogs and I had a lot of trouble. l

26、ike as 因為因為work as a postman表示表示“當郵遞員當郵遞員”。2. No sooner had I got off my bicycle than a large dog ran towards the gate, barking loudly to me.to at 指狗指狗“朝朝”我大聲叫，用我大聲叫，用at。3. The terrible-looking dog picked the card immediately and carried it in the house. The dog was a good postman.in into 把明信片叼把明信片叼

27、“進進”房子里。房子里。into表示表示“進入進入”，in表示表示“在在里里”。4. In a very cold and windy morning, Miss Jones walked to the school, and the cold wind went into her eyes, and big tears began rolling out of them. In On 通常說通常說in the morning/ afternoon/ evening，但是當它們與形容詞連用表示，但是當它們與形容詞連用表示“在在一個一個樣的上午樣的上午/下午下午/晚上晚上”時，或表示時，或表示具

28、體某天的上午具體某天的上午/下午下午/晚上時，要用晚上時，要用on。又。又如：如：on the morning of the 10th of September在在9月月10日上午。日上午。5. In my surprise, two fire engines were outside my house.In To 固定搭配：固定搭配：to sb.s surprise 讓某讓某人吃驚的是人吃驚的是。6. I told about the firemen that it was my careless cooking that caused the heavy smoke.去掉去掉about 由

29、由tell sb. sth. (告訴某人某事）告訴某人某事）可知?？芍?。7. Paddy and I wanted to go off for help, but Mike insisted staying near the car.在在insisted后加后加on insist on doing sth.(堅堅持要求做某事持要求做某事)。8. Japan is known for the land of the cherry blossom(櫻花櫻花) because of in the spring of the year the cherry trees are so beautiful

30、.(1) for as 因因be known as表示表示“被稱為，作被稱為，作為為而著名而著名”，be known for表示表示“因因而著名而著名”，be known to sb.表示表示“為某人所熟為某人所熟知知”。(2) 去掉去掉because后的后的of 因為其后是句子，要用連因為其后是句子，要用連詞詞because，而，而because of 是短語介詞，其后不能是短語介詞，其后不能接從句接從句(what he said之類的從句除外之類的從句除外)。9. As is known by all, the Internet is playing a more and more imp

31、ortant part on our daily life.(1) by to 因為因為As is known to all(眾所眾所周知周知)是固定詞組。是固定詞組。 (2) on in 因因play a part in sth.(在在中中起作用起作用)也是固定詞組。也是固定詞組。10. Under his help, I have made rapid progress and caught up the class.(1) Under With 表示表示“在某人的幫助在某人的幫助下下”，用，用with sb.s help = with the help of sb.來表達。來表達。 (2) 在在caught up后加后加with 因因catch up with是表示是表示“趕上趕上”的固定詞組。的固定詞組。