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1、第十三課時(shí)構(gòu)詞法第十三課時(shí)構(gòu)詞法李仕才1.They gave money to the old peoples home either_or through their companies.(2015安徽卷)A.legally B.sincerelyC.personally D.deliberately答案C句意：他們或者親自或者通過(guò)他們的公司給敬老院送錢(qián)。legally合法地，法律上；sincerely真誠(chéng)地，由衷地，誠(chéng)懇地；personally親自，當(dāng)面，個(gè)別地，就自己而言；deliberately故意地，謹(jǐn)慎地，慎重地。根據(jù)or through their companies可知pers
2、onally為正確答案。感 悟 高 考2.The girl used to be shy，but is _ getting active in group work and is more willing to express herself.(2015湖北卷)A.gradually B.usuallyC.previously D.merely答案A句意：這個(gè)女孩以前很害羞，但是正(逐漸地)在小組活動(dòng)中變得積極起來(lái)，而且更愿意表達(dá)自己了。根據(jù)題干中的is和getting可知，這里表示循序漸進(jìn)的過(guò)程，故選gradually(逐漸地)。usually通常；previously先前地；merely僅
3、僅。要 點(diǎn) 精 析一、派生法1. 表示否定或相反意義的前綴和后綴前綴例詞dis-advantagedisadvantage缺點(diǎn)comfortdiscomfort不舒適il-legalillegal不合法的logicalillogical不合邏輯的im-patientimpatient不耐煩的moralimmoral不道德的in-formalinformal非正式的convenientinconvenient不方便的ir-regularirregular不規(guī)則的responsibleirresponsible不負(fù)責(zé)任的mis-leadmislead誤導(dǎo)understandmisunderstan
4、d誤解un-willingunwilling不愿意的happyunhappy不高興的后綴例詞-lesshopehopeless絕望的carecareless粗心的2. 變動(dòng)詞的前綴和后綴前綴例詞en-largeenlarge擴(kuò)大richenrich使充實(shí)；使豐富后綴例詞-enbroadbroaden使變寬hardharden使變硬-ifyclassclassify把分類beautybeautify美化-izeapologyapologize道歉emphasisemphasize強(qiáng)調(diào)3.形容詞變副詞的后綴在形容詞后加-ly可變成相應(yīng)意義的副詞直接加-lyextremeextremely尤其，非常
5、stupidstupidly 傻地改y為-ilyhappyhappily快樂(lè)地merrymerrily 快樂(lè)地去e加-lytruetruly真實(shí)地4.形容詞變名詞的后綴后綴例詞-ageshortshortage不足；短缺-cyefficientefficiency效率；功效accurateaccuracy準(zhǔn)確性-domfreefreedom自由；自主wisewisdom明智；智慧-encedifferentdifference差異silentsilence沉默-nessweakweakness虛弱；弱點(diǎn)carelesscarelessness粗心大意-thstrongstrength力氣；強(qiáng)項(xiàng)
6、widewidth寬度-ycruelcruelty殘忍-tydisabledisability無(wú)能；殘疾-ityresponsibleresponsibility責(zé)任5.動(dòng)詞變名詞的后綴后綴例詞-alapproveapproval贊成；批準(zhǔn)arrivearrival到來(lái)-anceappearappearance出現(xiàn)；外貌performperformance表演；節(jié)目-enceexistexistence存在；生存referreference參考；查閱-ionconstructconstruction建設(shè)evaluateevaluation評(píng)估-ationconsiderconsideratio
7、n考慮imagineimagination想象力-(s)siondiscussdiscussion討論；辯論admitadmission接納；準(zhǔn)許入學(xué)-inghearhearing聽(tīng)力；聽(tīng)覺(jué)beginbeginning開(kāi)始-mentargueargument辯論；論據(jù)equipequipment設(shè)備-urefailfailure失??；沒(méi)做到presspressure壓力-turemixmixture混合；混合物departdeparture離開(kāi)；出發(fā)-yrecoverrecovery恢復(fù)；痊愈discoverdiscovery發(fā)現(xiàn)其他varyvariety多樣化；種類tendtendency趨
8、向；趨勢(shì)6.表示“人”的后綴在某些形容詞、名詞或動(dòng)詞后面加后綴變成具有某種職業(yè)或動(dòng)作的人。后綴例詞-rvillagevillager村民strangestranger陌生人-arlieliar說(shuō)謊者-eeemployemployee受雇者；雇員interviewinterviewee被面試者-orinventinventor發(fā)明家educateeducator教育家；教師-essstewardstewardess 女乘務(wù)員hosthostess 女主人；女主持人-eseChinaChinese中國(guó)人JapanJapanese日本人-anAmericaAmerican美國(guó)人AustraliaAu
9、stralian澳洲人-ianhistoryhistorian歷史學(xué)家politicspolitician政治家；政客-istspecialspecialist專家tourtourist旅行者；觀光者-antparticipateparticipant參加者assistassistant助手；圖書(shū)管理員7.動(dòng)詞、名詞變形容詞的常見(jiàn)后綴后綴例詞-ableacceptacceptable可接受的comfortcomfortable舒適的-alpersonpersonal個(gè)人的；私人的naturenatural自然的；天生的-fulhopehopeful有希望的peacepeaceful和平的-ed
10、confuseconfused感到困惑的borebored感到厭倦的-ingsurprisesurprising令人驚訝的convinceconvincing令人信服的-ibleaccessaccessible容易到達(dá)的；容易取得的horrorhorrible可怕的；恐怖的-iveeffecteffective有效的；生效的instructinstructive有教育意義的-ousanxietyanxious憂慮的curiositycurious好奇的-sometiretiresome令人厭倦的troubletroublesome麻煩的-ytastetasty美味的；可口的wealthweal
11、thy富裕的；豐富的dirtdirty有灰塵的；臟的-erneasteastern東方的；向東的westwestern西方的；向西的-ishfoolfoolish愚蠢的；可笑的selfselfish自私的-icsciencescientific科學(xué)的historyhistoric歷史上著名的-aryimagineimaginary想象中的二、轉(zhuǎn)化法不改變?cè)~形，把一個(gè)詞由一種詞類轉(zhuǎn)用為另一種詞類的方法叫轉(zhuǎn)化法。動(dòng)詞名詞walktake a walk散步swimhave a swim游泳名詞動(dòng)詞book n.v.預(yù)訂milk n.v.擠奶形容詞動(dòng)詞slow adj.v.減慢narrow adj.v
12、.使變窄；(差距等)縮小形容詞副詞hard adj.困難的adv.努力地high adj.高的adv.高deep adj.深的adv.深wide adj.寬的adv.廣闊地針 對(duì) 訓(xùn) 練用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.CHRONOLOGICA is an _(inform)and _(entertain)tour into history，_(beauty) illustrated and full of _(believe) facts.(2017江蘇卷 閱讀A)2.The second principle is to _(loose)the control that providers of o
13、n-line services have over data and give more to those who supply them.(2017江蘇卷閱讀C)3.While clean energy is _(increase) used in our daily life, global warming will continue for some decades after CO2 emissions(排放)peak. (2017江蘇卷閱讀D)informativeentertainingbeautifullyunbelievableloosenincreasingly4.Incre
14、asing Earths _(reflect)can cool the planet.(2017江蘇卷閱讀D)5.But during the past decade declining rainfull has allowed him to plant highly _(profit) crops. (2017江蘇卷閱讀D)6.People certainly have a variety of reasons for going back to school but one important thing to know is，no knowledge is _ (use).7._ (cu
15、rious)，I gave him my full attention.8.However，Mare Van Rijsselberg，a farmer in the Netherlands is now using a _ (mix) of sea and fresh water to grow healthy and tasty vegetables.9.But such a small thing couldnt _ (possible) destroy a village.reflectivenessprofitableuselessCuriouslymixturepossibly10.
16、Just imagine how terribly shy I was the moment I thought of that with so many eyes fixed upon me.I had no other _ (choose)，though.11.That little act of _ (kind) made everyone who saw it feel goodbut it made me feel the best of all!12.He sank into _ (depress) when both his parents left him and went t
17、o the south in search of a better-paid job.13.Several days later，out of my _ (expect)，I saw it quietly stand in a corner of the house where I worked.I was extremely glad to regain it.choicekindnessdepressionexpectation14.As far as I am concerned，my _ (suggest) is that we should always have a notebook and a Chinese-English dictionary within easy reach.15.In addition，there were no claims against the _ (lose) of 50 coins and I order the girl and his father to take those 50 coins as appreciation for their honesty!suggestionloss
江蘇省高考英語(yǔ) 第二部分 語(yǔ)法核心突破 第十三課時(shí) 構(gòu)詞法課件
