2018年高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 專(zhuān)題11 定語(yǔ)從句講學(xué)案(含解析).doc
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1、 專(zhuān)題11 定語(yǔ)從句 定語(yǔ)從句的用法較為復(fù)雜,高考除了單獨(dú)考查定語(yǔ)從句知識(shí)外,還常常結(jié)合句式結(jié)構(gòu)、時(shí)態(tài)等來(lái)綜合考查??v觀近幾年各地高考試題,不難發(fā)現(xiàn)其考點(diǎn)主要包括: 1.考查關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的區(qū)分。如:that,which和where,when的區(qū)分; that,which和why的區(qū)分等。 2.考查whose的使用。whose可以指代人或物,在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ),后跟名詞。指物時(shí),whose+名詞=名詞+ of which = of which+名詞。如: The classroom whose door/the door of which/of which the door
2、 is broken is on the second floor. 3.考查as/which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。尤其要重視which,as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句和it,what引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)分。 4.考查定語(yǔ)從句中的主謂一致現(xiàn)象。如: I, who am your close friend, will try my best to help you whenever you are in trouble. 5.考查“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句?!敖樵~+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句,關(guān)系代詞指人時(shí)用whom,指物時(shí)用which,不能用that。關(guān)系代詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)也可用whos
3、e。如: The teacher in front of whose house stands a tall tree is very patient with his students. 同時(shí)還要重視“復(fù)雜介詞或代詞”出現(xiàn)時(shí)與并列句的區(qū)別。如: He loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.(定語(yǔ)從句) He loved his parents deeply and both of them are very kind to him.(并列句) 此外,“介詞+which +名詞”結(jié)構(gòu),也是一個(gè)較為
4、特殊的結(jié)構(gòu)。如: He was very ill, in which case(=and in this case) we sent him to hospital first. 6.考查一些特殊的先行詞。如:當(dāng)situation, point, case, activity,scene及period, festival, occasion等出現(xiàn)時(shí),要注意具體情況具體分析;作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)時(shí),用關(guān)系代詞that/which; 作狀語(yǔ)時(shí),用關(guān)系副詞where/when或“介詞+which”,表示在某種特定的情形下。 7.考查定語(yǔ)從句、強(qiáng)調(diào)句、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句等的區(qū)別。如: The new
5、s that he had passed the exam pleased him and his family.(同位語(yǔ)從句) The news (that) he told me this morning is not interesting. (定語(yǔ)從句) It was 1914 when the war broke out.(時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句) It was in 1914 that the war broke out.(強(qiáng)調(diào)句) 一、定語(yǔ)從句與并列句的區(qū)別 請(qǐng)觀察下面三個(gè)句子: 1.Wang Hong failed in the College Entrance Exam
6、ination, ______ disappointed his mother. 2.Wang Hong failed in the College Entrance Examination and ______ disappointed his mother. 3.Wang Hong failed in the College Entrance Examination; ______ disappointed his mother. 第一句話(huà):句中有逗號(hào),根據(jù)句意可知,空白處的內(nèi)容應(yīng)該指的是前面整個(gè)句子的內(nèi)容,是對(duì)前文信息的補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明,因此,此句是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,用關(guān)系代詞which;
7、 第二句話(huà):句中有并列連詞and,因此整個(gè)句子是一個(gè)并列句,所以可以用代詞it指代前面句子的內(nèi)容。 第三句話(huà):句中有分號(hào),這表明整個(gè)句子是一個(gè)并列句,因此可以用代詞it指代前面句子的內(nèi)容。 【解題技巧】 判斷是定語(yǔ)從句還是并列句,要注意句中的標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)和句中的連接詞。如果句與句之間有連詞或者分號(hào),則是并列句;如果是逗號(hào),且逗號(hào)后的內(nèi)容是對(duì)前面某一名詞的補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明,則是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,應(yīng)該使用關(guān)系詞。 二、“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中介詞的選擇 “介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中介詞的選擇是一個(gè)常考點(diǎn),也是一個(gè)難點(diǎn)。請(qǐng)看下面三個(gè)句子,填上合適的介詞,并從中發(fā)現(xiàn)一些規(guī)律。 1.H
8、e was educated at a local grammar school, ______ which he went on to Cambridge. 2.This is the farm ______ which he worked two years ago. 3.In the dark street there was not a single person ______ whom she could turn for help. 第一句話(huà):根據(jù)句意可知,他在一所當(dāng)?shù)氐恼Z(yǔ)法學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)之后去了Cambridge,故介詞用after。此句中介詞的使用與句子的意義有關(guān)。 第二句話(huà)
9、:把從句補(bǔ)充完整為he worked two years ago on the farm (“在農(nóng)場(chǎng)”為“on the farm”),句中介詞的選用取決于先行詞的意義,即介詞跟先行詞的搭配。 第三句話(huà):在黑暗的街道上,沒(méi)有一個(gè)她可以求助的人?!跋蚰橙饲笾边@個(gè)短語(yǔ)是“turn to sb. for help”,因此此處用介詞to。此句中介詞的選用取決于從句中的動(dòng)詞固定搭配。 因此,考生在確定其中的介詞時(shí),可從以下三方面入手: 1.句子的意思;2.先行詞的意義;3.從句中的動(dòng)詞固定搭配。 【特別提醒】 注意way(方式)后接定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)的引導(dǎo)詞。 先行詞是way,當(dāng)引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作狀語(yǔ)
10、時(shí),關(guān)系詞用in which, that或者省略;當(dāng)引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí),用that/which引導(dǎo)(作賓語(yǔ)時(shí),引導(dǎo)詞也可以省略)。比較: The way(that/which) he explained to us was quite simple.(把從句補(bǔ)充完整:he explained the way to us,可以看出引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作explained的賓語(yǔ)) The way(that/in which) he explained the sentence was simple.(把從句補(bǔ)充完整:he explained the sentence in the way,
11、可以看出引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作狀語(yǔ)) 三、引導(dǎo)詞as, which的區(qū)別 1.引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,指代整個(gè)主句內(nèi)容時(shí)的區(qū)別: (1)表達(dá)“正如”之意時(shí),用as,如果僅指代整個(gè)主句內(nèi)容而沒(méi)有“正如”之意,則用which。 He went abroad, which was unexpected. 他出國(guó)了,這讓大家感到很意外。 She is a good doctor, as her mother used to be. 她是一個(gè)很出色的醫(yī)生,和她母親當(dāng)年一樣。 (2)當(dāng)從句位于主句前面時(shí),只用as。 As is known to everybody, the moon trave
12、ls round the earth once every month. 2.限制性定語(yǔ)從句中有such, the same時(shí),其后常用as引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句(the same后也可用that,但意義不一樣)。 He is such a good teacher as we all love and respect. 他是一個(gè)我們都愛(ài)戴和尊敬的好老師。 This is the same pen as I lost. 這支鋼筆和我丟的那支一樣。 3.a(chǎn)s引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí),只能指代整個(gè)主句內(nèi)容,而which既可以指代整個(gè)主句內(nèi)容,又可以指代先行詞。 The river, which
13、flows through London, is called the Thames. 這條流經(jīng)倫敦的河叫泰晤士河。(不用as) 4.a(chǎn)s常與從句中的know, see, hear, expect等動(dòng)詞連用,也常用于as often happens, as is often the case(常有的事)等句子中。 He was absent from school, as is often the case. 他缺課了,這是常事。 四、分隔定語(yǔ)從句 一般情況下,定語(yǔ)從句緊跟先行詞,可是有的時(shí)候,先行詞與定語(yǔ)從句之間插入了另外一些內(nèi)容,這樣就把先行詞與定語(yǔ)從句分隔開(kāi)了,這類(lèi)定語(yǔ)從句叫
14、分隔定語(yǔ)從句。這類(lèi)句子應(yīng)特別注意:不要誤把插入部分當(dāng)先行詞。 I was the only person in my office who was invited.(先行詞是person而不是office) 五、關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的區(qū)別 當(dāng)先行詞為表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)的詞時(shí),引導(dǎo)詞用關(guān)系代詞還是關(guān)系副詞是定語(yǔ)從句學(xué)習(xí)中的一個(gè)難點(diǎn)。要確定引導(dǎo)詞在從句中所作的成分(如果引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作狀語(yǔ),則用why, when或where,否則用that或which),考生可以采用“補(bǔ)全法”,即依據(jù)句意把從句補(bǔ)充完整(補(bǔ)上去的部分在從句中所作的成分就是引導(dǎo)詞在從句中所作的成分),這樣就可以很容易地判斷出引導(dǎo)詞在
15、從句中所作的成分。 1.Do you still remember the chicken farm ______ we visited three months ago? 分析:把從句補(bǔ)充完整為“we visited the chicken farm three months ago”,考生據(jù)此可以判斷出引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作賓語(yǔ),因此填關(guān)系代詞that/which。 2.In an hour, we can travel to places ______ would have taken our ancestors days to reach. 分析:把從句補(bǔ)充完整為“the place
16、s would have taken our ancestors days to reach”,考生據(jù)此可以判斷出引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作主語(yǔ),因此填關(guān)系代詞that/which。 3.Some pre-school children go to a day care center, ______ they learn simple games and songs. 分析:把從句補(bǔ)充完整為“in (at) the day care center they learn simple games and songs”,據(jù)此可以判斷出引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),因此用where/in(at) which。
17、 【解題技巧】 遇到時(shí)間和地點(diǎn),判斷成分是關(guān)鍵;主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)用關(guān)代,狀語(yǔ)才能用關(guān)副。(關(guān)代:關(guān)系代詞;關(guān)副:關(guān)系副詞) 在考查定語(yǔ)從句時(shí),有時(shí)命題人故意在空格處設(shè)置一些插入語(yǔ)等干擾信息迷惑考生。解題時(shí),考生可以將其忽略,從而排除干擾。 —Is that the small town you often refer to? —Right, just the one ______ you know I used to work for years. 分析:空白處應(yīng)填where。此題很容易受you know的影響而誤填關(guān)系代詞。其實(shí)you know是插入語(yǔ),解題時(shí)可以將其忽略,簡(jiǎn)化句子結(jié)構(gòu)
18、:just the one ______ I used to work for years,這樣考生就很容易判斷出引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),故用關(guān)系副詞where。 【特別探究】 表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)的先行詞的模糊化。研究高考試題后,考生會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)近幾年高考試題中表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)的先行詞有些已經(jīng)不是一個(gè)明顯的表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)的詞語(yǔ),如:period, ten years ago, the street, the museum,而是已經(jīng)模糊化的詞語(yǔ),如:activity, business, occasion, point, case等。解題時(shí)考生要弄清這些詞匯在句中的意義,并結(jié)合其在從句中所作的成分選用
19、恰當(dāng)?shù)囊龑?dǎo)詞。 【特別提醒】 point, situation, case后的定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞并非總是由where來(lái)引導(dǎo),只有當(dāng)引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作狀語(yǔ)時(shí),才用關(guān)系副詞where,否則用關(guān)系代詞。 六、定語(yǔ)從句用法的其他要點(diǎn) (一)關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí),不可省略 (二)定語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式與先行詞的單復(fù)數(shù)保持一致 當(dāng)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí),那么定語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在人稱(chēng)、數(shù)方面應(yīng)該與先行詞保持一致。 1.one of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+關(guān)系代詞+復(fù)數(shù)形式動(dòng)詞。如: The Great Wall is one of the world-famous buildi
20、ngs that draw lots of visitors. 長(zhǎng)城是吸引大批游客的世界著名的建筑之一。 2.the only one of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+關(guān)系代詞+單數(shù)形式動(dòng)詞。如: The Great Wall is the only one of the buildings on the earth that is seen from the moon. 長(zhǎng)城是地球上唯一一個(gè)能從月球上看到的建筑物。 Titanic is the only one of these wonderful movies that has been produced in Hollywood. 在這些精
21、彩的電影中,《泰坦尼克號(hào)》是唯一一部由好萊塢制作的電影。 3.當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞as與which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,修飾主句內(nèi)容時(shí),若as與which作主語(yǔ),則從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。如: Great changes have taken place in China, as is known to all. 眾所周知,中國(guó)發(fā)生了巨大的變化。 He has passed the College Entrance Examination, which makes his parents quite happy. 他通過(guò)了高考,這讓他父母很高興。 4.其他情況。如: I, who am
22、your teacher, will try my best to help you. 我作為你的老師,會(huì)盡全力幫助你的。 (三)注意way和time后接的定語(yǔ)從句的情況 1.當(dāng)先行詞是way(意為“方式、方法”)時(shí),引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞有下列三種形式。如: What surprised me was not what he said but the way he said it. 最讓我吃驚的不是他的話(huà),而是他說(shuō)話(huà)的方式。 注意下面兩個(gè)句子中關(guān)系詞的不同,試比較: The way he explained to us was quite simple. 他向我們解釋的那
23、種方法很簡(jiǎn)單。 The way he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand. 他向我們解釋句子的那種方法不難理解。 2.先行詞是time時(shí), 若time作“次數(shù)”講時(shí),應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,that可省略;若time作“一段時(shí)間”講時(shí),應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞when或介詞at/during+which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。如: This is the second time (that) the President has visited the country. 這是總統(tǒng)第二次訪問(wèn)這個(gè)國(guó)家。 This
24、 was at a time when/during which there were no radios, no telephones or no TV sets. 曾經(jīng)有一個(gè)時(shí)期,沒(méi)有收音機(jī),沒(méi)有電話(huà),也沒(méi)有電視。 考點(diǎn)一、考查定語(yǔ)從句 例1.(2017·江蘇卷·單項(xiàng)填空)In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of ________ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation. A. which B. its C. whose
25、 D. whom 【答案】C 【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞the World Food Programme在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ),修飾名詞purposes,所以用關(guān)系代詞whose引導(dǎo),故選C項(xiàng)。句意:1963年,聯(lián)合國(guó)成立了世界糧食計(jì)劃署,其目的之一就是緩解世界范圍內(nèi)的饑荒。 【變式探究】【2016·浙江】11. Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears , none of ______ has been proved. A. whom B. which
26、 C. what D. that 【答案】B 【解析】句意:關(guān)于人類(lèi)為什么哭的時(shí)候會(huì)流淚,科學(xué)家已經(jīng)提出了很多理論,沒(méi)有一個(gè)被證明了。使用定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞是theories,指物,定語(yǔ)從句中用代詞+介詞+關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)。故選B。 【考點(diǎn)】考查定語(yǔ)從句。 【變式探究】【2015·重慶】14. He wrote many children’ s books, nearly half of____ were published in the 1990s. A. whom B. which C. them
27、 D. that 【答案】B 【解析】句意:他寫(xiě)了許多兒童書(shū)籍,幾乎一半在1990年左右出版。先行詞是books,定語(yǔ)從句中of缺少賓語(yǔ),故選B項(xiàng)。 【考點(diǎn)定位】考查定語(yǔ)從句。 【變式探究】The exact year Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008. A. When B. where C. why D. which 【答案】D 考點(diǎn)二、考查定語(yǔ)從句的用法 例3.【20
28、16·天津】9. We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, ____ the weather may be better. A. that B. where C. which D. when 【答案】D 【解析】句意:我們將把公園的野餐推遲到下個(gè)星期,那時(shí)天氣可能會(huì)更好。使用定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞是next week,定語(yǔ)從句中不缺少主賓表,缺少時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。故選D。 【變式探究】【2015·福建】34.China Today attracts a worldwide readers
29、hip,_______ shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China. A. who B. whom C. that D. Which 【答案】D 【解析】考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)句式結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)看出現(xiàn)了逗號(hào),說(shuō)明這是一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。首先That不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,who在引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)候通常在從句中做主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ),指人,而whom也指人,卻只能做賓語(yǔ)。Which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句通常在從句中做主語(yǔ)或者賓語(yǔ)。關(guān)系詞代指前面的中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào),在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)。該句意思
30、為:中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)有著全球的讀者群,這說(shuō)明全球越來(lái)越多的人想要了解中國(guó)。故選D 考點(diǎn)三、考查定語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞 例3.【2017·江蘇】28. In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of _______ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation. A. which B. it’s C. whose D. whom 【答案】C 【變式探究】【2016·北京】22. I live next door to
31、a couple ________ children often make a lot of noise. A. whose B. why C. where D. which 【答案】A 【解析】a couple是先行詞,這對(duì)夫妻的孩子很吵,children和couple是所屬關(guān)系,故用whose作定語(yǔ),whose children相當(dāng)于the children of whom,故選A。 【變式探究】【2015·湖南】29.It is a truly delightful place, ________ looks the same as it must
32、have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.. A. as B. where C. that D. which 【答案】D 【解析】根據(jù)分析,此句是一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞是place,在定語(yǔ)從句中是作主語(yǔ)的,所以用關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)。As引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)要放在句首,故排除,選用which。句意:這真是一個(gè)令人愉快的地方,這里的蜿蜒的小路和美麗的小村莊一定和100年前看起來(lái)是一模一樣的。故選D 【考點(diǎn)定位】考查定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系代詞。 【舉一反三】We'll reach the sales
33、targets in a month____we set at at the beginning of the year. A. which B.where C. when D.what 【答案】A 1.(2017·北京)The little problems ______ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions. A. that B. as C. where D. when 【答案】A 【解析】A. that 那個(gè) B. as 因?yàn)?C. wher
34、e 哪里 D. when什么時(shí)候。句意:我們?cè)谌粘I钪杏龅降男?wèn)題可能就是偉大發(fā)明的靈感。此句是定語(yǔ)從句,從句缺少賓語(yǔ),先行詞是problems,用that。 2.(2017江蘇)In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of_____purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation. A.which B.it’s C.whose D.whom 【答案】C 【解析】本題考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,關(guān)系代詞whose引導(dǎo)定
35、語(yǔ)從句并且在定語(yǔ)從句中作purpose的定語(yǔ)。which,whom在定語(yǔ)從句中不能作定語(yǔ),it’s不能引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,故選C。 3.(2017·江蘇卷·單項(xiàng)填空)In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of ____________ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation. A. which B. its C. whose D. whom 【答案】 C 【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞是"the World Foo
36、d Programme","世界糧食項(xiàng)目"的目的之一是……,whose在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ),這里限定purposes,故選C。 4.【2017·江蘇】28. In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of _______ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation. A. which B. it’s C. whose D. whom 【答案】C 【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞是“the World Foo
37、d Programme”,“世界糧食項(xiàng)目”的目的之一是……,whose在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ),這里限定purposes,故選C。句意:1963年聯(lián)合國(guó)建立了世界糧食計(jì)劃署,其目的之一就是為了緩解世界范圍內(nèi)的饑餓問(wèn)題。 5.(2017·江蘇卷) In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of ________ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation. A. which B. its C. whose D. whom 【答案
38、】C 【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,one of ________ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation是定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞是the World Food Programme,關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ),修飾名詞purposes,所以用關(guān)系代詞whose引導(dǎo),故選C項(xiàng)。句意:1963年,聯(lián)合國(guó)成立了世界糧食計(jì)劃署,其目的之一就是緩解世界范圍內(nèi)的饑荒。 6. (2017·江蘇卷·單項(xiàng)填空)In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of ________ purposes i
39、s to relieve worldwide starvation. A. which B. its C. whose D. whom 【答案】C 7.(2017·江蘇卷) In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of ____________ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation. A. which B. its C. whose D. whom
40、 【答案】C 【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞是"the World Food Programme","世界糧食項(xiàng)目"的目的之一是……,whose在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ),這里限定purposes,故選C。 8.【2017·江蘇】28. In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of _______ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation. A. which B. it’s C. whose D. whom 【答案】C
41、 【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞是“the World Food Programme”,“世界糧食項(xiàng)目”的目的之一是……, whose在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ),這里限定purposes,故選C。句意:1963年聯(lián)合國(guó)建立了世界糧食計(jì)劃署, 其目的之一就是為了緩解世界范圍內(nèi)的饑餓問(wèn)題。 9.(2017·江蘇)28. In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of_____purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation. A.which B.it’s C
42、.whose D.whom 【答案】C 【解析】本題考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,關(guān)系代詞whose引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句并且在定語(yǔ)從句中作purpose的定語(yǔ)。which, whom在定語(yǔ)從句中不能作定語(yǔ),it’s不能引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,故選C。 10. (2017·江蘇) In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of ____________ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation. A. which B. its C. wh
43、ose D. whom 【答案】C 【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞是"the World Food Programme",語(yǔ)境是"世界糧食項(xiàng)目的目的之一是……",whose在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ),在這里限定purposes,故選C。 11.My eldest son, _______ work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment. A. that B. whose C. his D. who 【答案】B 1.【2016·北京】22. I live next doo
44、r to a couple ________ children often make a lot of noise. A. whose B. why C. where D. which 【答案】A 【解析】a couple是先行詞,這對(duì)夫妻的孩子很吵,children和couple是所屬關(guān)系,故用whose作定語(yǔ),whose children相當(dāng)于the children of whom,故選A。 2.【2016·江蘇】23.Many young people, most ______were well-educated, headed for remot
45、e regions to chase theirdreams. A. of which B. of them C. of whom D. of those 【答案】C 【解析】本題定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞是Many young people,關(guān)系代詞whom指代先行詞,在定語(yǔ)從句中作介詞of的賓語(yǔ)。故C項(xiàng)正確。 3.【2016·天津】9. We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, ____ the weather may be better. A. that B. where C. whic
46、h D. when 【答案】D 【解析】句意:我們將把公園的野餐推遲到下個(gè)星期,那時(shí)天氣可能會(huì)更好。使用定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞是next week,定語(yǔ)從句中不缺少主賓表,缺少時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。故選D。 4.【2016·浙江】11. Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears , none of ______ has been proved. A. whom B. which C. what D. that 【答案】B 【考點(diǎn)】考查定
47、語(yǔ)從句。 1.【2015·湖南】29.It is a truly delightful place, ________ looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.. A. as B. where C. that D. which 【答案】D 【解析】根據(jù)分析,此句是一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞是place,在定語(yǔ)從句中是作主語(yǔ)的,所以用關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)。As引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)要放在句首,故排除,選用which。句意:這真是一個(gè)令人愉快的地
48、方,這里的蜿蜒的小路和美麗的小村莊一定和100年前看起來(lái)是一模一樣的。故選D 【考點(diǎn)定位】考查定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系代詞。 2.【2015·北京】24.Opposite is St.Paul's Church,___you can hear some lovely music. A. which B.that C.when D.where 【答案】D 【解析句意:對(duì)面是圣保羅教堂,在教堂里你能聽(tīng)到一些優(yōu)美的音樂(lè)。這是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞是St. Paul’s Church,從句主謂賓成分完整,去掉空后依然是完整的句子,可推斷出引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作的是地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。用where。故選D。
49、【考點(diǎn)定位】考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句 3.【2015·重慶】14. He wrote many children’ s books, nearly half of____ were published in the 1990s. A. whom B. which C. them D. that 【答案】B 【解析】句意:他寫(xiě)了許多兒童書(shū)籍,幾乎一半在1990年左右出版。先行詞是books,定語(yǔ)從句中of缺少賓語(yǔ),故選B項(xiàng)。 【考點(diǎn)定位】考查定語(yǔ)從句。 4.【2015·江蘇】21.Th
50、e number of smokers, _____ is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year. A. it B. which C. what D. as 【答案】D 【考點(diǎn)定位】定語(yǔ)從句 5.【2015·天津】15 The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere ______ his employees enjoy their work. A.
51、where B. which C. when D. who 【答案】A 【解析】句意:公司老板正盡力創(chuàng)造一種輕松的氣氛,在這種氣氛中,其員工喜歡他們的工作。句中先行詞為atmosphere,在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),故用關(guān)系副詞where。根據(jù)句意可知選A。 【考點(diǎn)定位】考查定語(yǔ)從句。 6.【2015·四川】3.The books on the desk, covers are shiny, are prizes for us. A.which B. what C. whose D. that 【答案】C 【解析】本題考
52、查定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞,先行詞為the books,和covers之間存在所有關(guān)系,故選擇C,意為書(shū)的封面。句意為:桌上的書(shū)是給我們的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì),那些書(shū)的封面閃閃發(fā)光。 【考點(diǎn)定位】考查定語(yǔ)從句 7.【2015·陜西】15. As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time he should be able to be independent. A. which B. where C. whom D. when 【答案】D 【解析】句意:作為家里最小的孩子,Alex總是渴
53、望他能夠有獨(dú)立的時(shí)間。這里使用定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞是the time,定語(yǔ)從句中缺少時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),用關(guān)系副詞when,所以選D。 【考點(diǎn)定位】考查定語(yǔ)從句 8.【2015·福建】34.China Today attracts a worldwide readership,_______ shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China. A. who B. whom C. that D. Which 【答案】D 【考點(diǎn)定位】考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句 1.(2014天津卷)12. Engli
54、sh is a language shared by several diverse cultures, _________ uses it differently. A. all of which B. each of which C. all of them D. each of them 【考點(diǎn)】考察定語(yǔ)從句 【答案】B 【解析】本題是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞是several diverse cultures,在定語(yǔ)從句里使用which指代先行詞作為介詞of的賓語(yǔ)。排除CD項(xiàng),這兩項(xiàng)并不是定語(yǔ)從句。A項(xiàng)在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)的時(shí)候,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要使用復(fù)數(shù)形式,本題定語(yǔ)從句中的uses說(shuō)
55、明A項(xiàng)是錯(cuò)誤的。B項(xiàng)中的each做主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使用單數(shù)形式。句義:英語(yǔ)是一個(gè)被很多不同的文化共同使用的語(yǔ)言,每一種語(yǔ)言使用英語(yǔ)的方法都是不一樣的。故B正確。 2.(2014浙江卷 )5. I don’t become a serious climber until the fifth grade, ______ I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree. A. when B. where C. which D. why 【考點(diǎn)】考察定語(yǔ)從句
56、 【答案】A 【解析】本題定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞是the fifth grade,后面定語(yǔ)從句I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree中主謂賓句子結(jié)構(gòu)很完整,所以使用過(guò)膝副詞來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,因?yàn)橄刃性~是一個(gè)表示時(shí)間的名詞,所以使用when來(lái)引導(dǎo)這個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。直到五年級(jí)我才成為一個(gè)很認(rèn)真的攀登者,在那時(shí)我登高去拿下一個(gè)卡在樹(shù)枝上的風(fēng)箏。Where的先行詞必須是一個(gè)表示地點(diǎn)的名詞,why的先行詞是the reason,關(guān)系代詞which在句中做主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ)或者表語(yǔ)。故A正確。 3.(2014北京卷)26.
57、I borrow the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week, ______ my classmates recommended to me.. A.who B. which C. when D. Where 【考點(diǎn)】考察定語(yǔ)從句 【答案】B 4.(2014福建卷)31. Students should involve themselves in community activities they can gain experience for growth. A. who B. w
58、hen C. which D. where 【考點(diǎn)】考察定語(yǔ)從句 【答案】D 【解析】本題定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞是community activities,后面的定語(yǔ)從句they can gain experience for growth主謂賓句子結(jié)構(gòu)很完整,所以使用關(guān)系副詞來(lái)引導(dǎo)這個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句,where在句中相當(dāng)于in which,充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)。句義:學(xué)生應(yīng)該參與社區(qū)活動(dòng),在社區(qū)活動(dòng)里他們能夠獲得成長(zhǎng)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。AC是關(guān)系代詞,不能在句中做狀語(yǔ)。When的先行詞通常是表示時(shí)間的名詞。故D正確。 5.(2014湖南卷)31.I am looking forward to the da
59、y my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her. A. as B. why C. when D. where 【考點(diǎn)】考察定語(yǔ)從句 【答案】C 【解析】本題是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞是the day,后面的定語(yǔ)從句結(jié)構(gòu)非常完整,所以使用關(guān)系副詞when在句中做時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),同時(shí)引導(dǎo)起這個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。句義:我一直都在期待著我的女兒能夠閱讀并理解我對(duì)她的感情的那一天。故C正確。 6.(2014江蘇卷)22. The book has helped me greatly in my daily communicati
60、on, especially at work a good impression is a must. A. which B. when C. as D. where 【考點(diǎn)】考察定語(yǔ)從句 【答案】D 7.(2014江西卷)28. Among the many dangers_-- sailors have to face , probably the greatest of all is fog . A. which B. what C. where D. when 【考點(diǎn)】考察定語(yǔ)從句 【答案】A 【解析】本題定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞
61、是the many dangers,在定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系代詞which指代先行詞在句中作為動(dòng)詞face的賓語(yǔ),可以省略。CD兩項(xiàng)都是關(guān)系副詞,在定語(yǔ)從句中通常只作狀語(yǔ),不能做賓語(yǔ)。What不是定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞。句義:在士兵面對(duì)的很多危險(xiǎn)中,也許最大的危險(xiǎn)是霧吧!故A正確。 8.(2014山東卷)10. A company ______profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad. A. which B. whose C. who D. why 【考點(diǎn)】考察定語(yǔ)從句 【答
62、案】B 【解析】本題定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞是A company,后面的定語(yǔ)從句中名詞profits前面缺少定語(yǔ)修飾,所以使用關(guān)系代詞whose引導(dǎo)起這個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句,并在句中做定語(yǔ)。ACD三項(xiàng)通常都不能在定語(yǔ)從句中做定語(yǔ)的。Whose profits相當(dāng)于the profits of which。句義:一個(gè)利潤(rùn)主要來(lái)自國(guó)內(nèi)的公司也許可以開(kāi)拓國(guó)際市場(chǎng)。故B正確。 9.(2014陜西卷)13. Please send us all the information _________ you have about the candidate for the position. A. that
63、 B. which C. as D. what 【考點(diǎn)】考察定語(yǔ)從句 【答案】A 【解析】本題定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞是all the information,后面的定語(yǔ)從句you have about the candidate for the position中動(dòng)詞have后面缺少賓語(yǔ),所以使用關(guān)系代詞that/which;當(dāng)指物的先行詞前面有all修飾的時(shí)候,要使用關(guān)系代詞that。關(guān)系代詞as引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞前面提出要有 the same等修飾。What不能定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞。句義:請(qǐng)把你有的申請(qǐng)這個(gè)職位的所有候選人的信息都發(fā)給我。故A正確。
64、10.(2014陜西卷)15. ________ the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather. A. Why B. When C. That D. What 【考點(diǎn)】考察名詞性從句 【答案】B (2013·新課標(biāo)Ⅱ卷)4. When I arrived, Bryan took me to see the house_ I would be staying. A. what B. when C. where D. Which
65、 【答案】C 【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。本題考查定語(yǔ)從句,what不能用于定語(yǔ)從句,排除A;先行詞是the house,指地點(diǎn),排除B;stay是不及物動(dòng)詞,“待在某地”應(yīng)該是stay at/in sp,本句沒(méi)有介詞,因此定語(yǔ)從句是主謂結(jié)構(gòu),不缺少賓語(yǔ),排除D;故用where。故選C。 【考點(diǎn)定位】定語(yǔ)從句。 (2013·浙江)13.The museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform____ visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built
66、. A.what B. where C. when D. why 【答案】B 【解析】 試題分析:句意:博物館會(huì)在春天向公眾開(kāi)放,屆時(shí)會(huì)有展覽和現(xiàn)場(chǎng)表演,觀眾會(huì)看到一個(gè)玻璃屋的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)建造工程。定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞a viewing platform在從句中做地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),故選B。定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系詞的選用有三步:一找準(zhǔn)先行詞;二判斷先行詞在從句中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞?;三確定具體的關(guān)系詞。 【考點(diǎn)定位】考查定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系詞的選用。 (2013·浙江)5.The children,____ had played the whole day long, were worn out. A.all of what B. all of which C. all of them D. all of whom 【答案】D 【解析】句意:孩子們都累壞了,他們都玩了一整天。非限定定語(yǔ)從句,關(guān)系代詞指人且在介詞之后故用whom。 【考點(diǎn)定位】定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系詞的選用。注意C項(xiàng),原句主干 children we
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