2020年中考英語(yǔ)考點(diǎn)專項(xiàng)突破題 專題34 閱讀理解一（含解析）

《2020年中考英語(yǔ)考點(diǎn)專項(xiàng)突破題 專題34 閱讀理解一（含解析）》由會(huì)員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《2020年中考英語(yǔ)考點(diǎn)專項(xiàng)突破題 專題34 閱讀理解一（含解析）（224頁(yè)珍藏版）》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、專題34 閱讀理解一 一、 黃岡 四、閱讀理解 第一節(jié)閱讀下面三篇短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 (1) In a town there lived a little, beautiful and smart girl. Her name was Rose. Everyone in the town liked her. She was very brave, but she was scared of the doctor. One day, one of her teeth was moving. Her mom saw it. She sai

2、d, “One of your teeth is moving, and you need to visit Doctor Tim.” Rose said, “No! I’m not going to the doctor.” Mom said, “Don’t worry. It's not so wobbly(擺動(dòng)的) now, we needn't go to the doctor at once.” That made Rose feel better. After five weeks, Rose forgot about her tooth but her mom didn’t.

3、 She checked her tooth again and it was more wobbly, so she said, “It’s time to see the doctor.” Rose was scared but she had to do what her mom told her, so they went to see Doctor Tim. They had to wait in the waiting room. When it was her turn, her heart was beating very fast. She went into Doct

4、or Tim’s room. He was smiling. She sat on the chair. Doctor Tim said, “Close your eyes.” Rose closed her eyes, but just before Doctor Tim started, tears started coming down from her eyes. When she opened her eyes, she saw Doctor Tim holding her tooth, smiling. Rose smiled. Then Doctor Tim gave he

5、r a teddy bear. From that time Rose wasn’t scared of doctors anymore. 26. At the beginning of the story, Rose was scared of _ . A. her mom B. the doctor C. her teeth D. the people in the town 27. Rose forget about her tooth after ________. A. five months B. many years C. several hours

6、 D. five weeks 28. The doctor gave Rose _ after he pulled her tooth out. A. a book B. a teddy bear C. a candy D. many teeth 29. According to the passage, the doctor was a man. A. kind B. brave C. careless D. shy 26 【答案】B 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)She was very brave, but she was sca

7、red of the doctor. 可知，她很勇敢，但她害怕醫(yī)生。故選B。 27 【答案】D 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)After five weeks, Rose forgot about her tooth but her mom didn’t. 可知，五個(gè)星期后，羅絲忘記了她的牙齒，但她媽媽沒(méi)有。故選D。 28 【答案】B 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由句子Then Doctor Tim gave her a teddy bear.可知，然后蒂姆醫(yī)生給了她一只泰迪熊。故選B。 29 【答案】A 【解析】推理判斷題。A. kind善良的；B. brave勇敢的；C. carele

8、ss粗心的；D. shy害羞的。根據(jù)句子He was smiling. 他在笑。和句子Then Doctor Tim gave her a teddy bear. 然后蒂姆醫(yī)生給了她一只泰迪熊?？梢酝茰y(cè)出蒂姆醫(yī)生是很善良的。故選A。 (2) Li Shizhen (李時(shí)珍) was one of the most famous doctors in Chinese history. He was born in Qichun, Hubei in 1518. Both of Li Shizhen’s father and grandfather were doctors. Li S

9、hizhen’s grandfather was a country doctor who traveled in the countryside with a bag of herbs (藥草) and medications and cured (治愈) people. His father was doctor who wrote several books. Li Shizhen used to help his father in his medical practice when he was young. Li Shizhen’s father wanted him

10、 to enter politics (從政). Li Shizhen studied for the exams and passed the country-level examination, but he was never able to pass the imperial (帝國(guó)的) examination. When he was 38, he cured the son of the Prince of Chu and was invited to be an official in that court (宮廷) A few years later, he

11、became an official at the Imperial Medical Institute. Even though he fulfilled his father’s dream he didn't want to continue working for the court. One year later, he left the court and returned to be a doctor again. Li Shizhen. was famous for his book, Compendium of Materia Medica 《本

12、草綱日 》 ). He spent 27 years writing the book. Unluckily, Li Shizhen died before the book was officially published. It is such a successful book. Now it is still one of the most important medical books in China. 30. What was Li Shizhe’ s grandfather? A. An official. B. A prince. C. A country docto

13、r. D. A writer. 31. What did Li Shizhen’s father want Li Shizhen to do? A. To be a doctor. B. To write a book. C. To be a prince. D. To enter politics. 32. When he was 38, Li Shizhen cured _ . A. his grandfather B. the son of the Prince of Chu C. an official in that country D. a famous doct

14、or 33. According to the passage, what was Li Shizhen famous for? A. Working for the court. B. The book, Compendium of Materia Medica. C. His long traveling. D. Curing a lot of people. 34. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. Li Shizhen’s life. B. Li Shizhen’s grandfather’s life. C. Li

15、Shizhen’s father’s life. D. Li Shizhen’s book. 30 【答案】C 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。A. An official. 一位官員；B. A prince. 一位王子；C. A country doctor. 一位鄉(xiāng)村醫(yī)生；D. A writer. 一位作家。根據(jù)Li Shizhen’s grandfather was a country doctor who traveled in the countryside with a bag of herbs (藥草) and medications and cured (治愈) people. 可知

16、，李時(shí)珍的祖父是一位鄉(xiāng)村醫(yī)生，他帶著一袋藥草和藥物到農(nóng)村行醫(yī)，治好了很多人。故選C。 31 【答案】D 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。A. To be a doctor. 做一名醫(yī)生。B. To write a book. 寫一本書。C. To be a prince. 做一名王子。D. To enter politics. 進(jìn)入政界。根據(jù)Li Shizhen’s father wanted him to enter politics (從政).可知，李時(shí)珍的父親想讓他從政。故選D。 32 【答案】B 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)When he was 38, he cured the son

17、of the Prince of Chu and was invited to be an official in that court (宮廷). 可知，當(dāng)他38歲時(shí)，他治好了楚王的兒子，幾年后被邀請(qǐng)到朝廷做官。故選B。 33 【答案】B 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由句子Li Shizhen, was famous for his book, Compendium of Materia Medica 《本草綱日 》. 可知，李時(shí)珍，以其著作《本草經(jīng)》而聞名。故選B。 34 【答案】A 【解析】主旨大意題。A. Li Shizhen’s life. 李時(shí)珍的生活。B. Li Shizhe

18、n’s grandfather’s life. 李時(shí)珍的祖父的生活。C. Li Shizhen’s father’s life. 李時(shí)珍的父親的生活。D. Li Shizhen’s book. 李時(shí)珍的書。根據(jù)短文的第一段Li Shizhen (李時(shí)珍) was one of the most famous doctors in Chinese history. He was born in Qichun, Hubei in 1518. 李時(shí)珍是中國(guó)歷史上最著名的醫(yī)生之一。1518年出生于湖北啟春?？芍?，本文介紹了李時(shí)珍的生活。故選A。 (3) In the stat

19、e of Qin (秦國(guó) ) , there was a man called Shang Yang (商鞅). He was a statesman (政治家) and worked out many reforms(改革) for the state, like paying more attention to farming and giving rewards (報(bào)酬) to soldiers who were successful when at war. But these reforms were not easily carried out (執(zhí)行) at first. Mo

20、st people didn’t trust Shang Yang. In order to solve this problem, Shang Yang came up with an idea. He put a thin wooden pole at the south gate of the Qin capital. Many people came to see him and the pole. Then, in front of the crowd, Shang Yang said loudly, “The man who takes this pole to the nort

21、h gate will get 10 gold pieces.” It was a simple job and the reward was so large. However, some time passed and no one stepped forward. They all thought Shang Yang was making a joke. Hearing no answer, Shang Yang stepped forward and said, “The reward now goes to 50 gold pieces.” This reward

22、 was unbelievably large. Finally, a man from the crowd came forward. He put the pole on his shoulders and walked to the north gate. True to his word, Shang Yang gave the man 50 gold pieces. After that, the people of Qin were all talking about what Shang Yang did about the pole. They believed he was

23、 a man of his word. So when Shang Yang began carrying out his reforms, the people followed him. Under these great reforms, Qin grew stronger and stronger. At last, Qin made all the seven states into one empire (帝國(guó)). 35. What did Shang Yang do? A. A statesman. B. A king. C. An emperor. D. A soldi

24、er. 36. In order to carry out his reforms, what idea did Shang Yang have? A. Having a wooden pole carrying competition. B. Having a wooden pole cutting competition C. The man stepping forward first would be praised. D. The man carrying the pole from south gate to the north one would get some go

25、ld pieces. 37. Why did Shang Yang's reward increase at last? A. Because a man stepped forward. B. Because there wasn’t enough time. C. Because Shang Yang heard no answer. D. Because Shang Yang was happy. 38. “They believed he was a man of his word.” What does the underlined part mean? A. A man

26、who can speak loudly. B. A man who likes to speak a lot. C. A man who keeps his word. D. A man of few words. 39. After these great reforms, what happened in the history of China? A. Shang Yang became the first emperor. B. The first empire of China appeared. C. The south gate fell down. D. The st

27、ate of Qin became weaker and weaker. 35 【答案】A 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)He was a statesman (政治家) and worked out many reforms(改革) for the state, like paying more attention to farming and giving rewards (報(bào)酬) to soldiers who were successful when at war. 他是一位政治家，為國(guó)家制定了許多改革方案，比如更加注重農(nóng)業(yè)，給戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中成功的士兵獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)?？芍?，商鞅是一位政治家。故選A。

28、36 【答案】D 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)He put a thin wooden pole at the south gate of the Qin capital. Many people came to see him and the pole. Then, in front of the crowd, Shang Yang said loudly, “The man who takes this pole to the north gate will get 10 gold pieces.” 他在秦都南門放了一根細(xì)木桿。許多人來(lái)看他和桿子。然后，在人群面前，商鞅大聲說(shuō)：“把這根桿子

29、帶到北門的人會(huì)得到10塊金幣?！笨芍?，為了進(jìn)行改革，他的想法是能抗著桿子從南門到北門的人會(huì)得到10塊金幣。故選D。 37 【答案】C 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Hearing no answer, Shang Yang stepped forward and said, “The reward now goes to 50 gold pieces.” 商鞅聽不到回答，上前說(shuō)：“現(xiàn)在獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)50塊金塊。”可知，商鞅增加獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)是因?yàn)樗牪坏交卮?。故選C。 38 【答案】C 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。A. A man who can speak loudly.能大聲說(shuō)話的人。B. A man who

30、likes to speak a lot. 喜歡說(shuō)大話的人。C. A man who keeps his word. 信守諾言的人。D. A man of few words. 寡言少語(yǔ)的人。句子They believed he was a man of his word.的意思是：他們相信他是信守諾言的人。因此a man of his word是“信守諾言”的意思。故選C。 39 【答案】B 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Under these great reforms, Qin grew stronger and stronger. At last, Qin made all the s

31、even states into one empire (帝國(guó)). 在這些偉大的改革下，秦國(guó)變得越來(lái)越強(qiáng)大。最后，秦始皇把七國(guó)統(tǒng)一為一個(gè)帝國(guó)?？芍?，中國(guó)的第一個(gè)帝國(guó)出現(xiàn)了。故選B。 二、 黃石 Ⅲ，閱讀理解 閱讀A、B、C三篇材料，然后從各小題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 A I'm sure you all know how important recycling is. Recycling is when you take old things and turn them into new things. It sounds like ma

32、gic. But it's actually very scientific. Material The first thing you have to do is to collect items that can be recycled. Only certain materials can be recycled. These include things made out of paper, metal, glass and plastic. Daily things Can you think of everyday items made of these material

33、s? Soda cans are good example. They are made out of metal. Magazines and newspaper are made out of paper. So are cereal boxes. Some bottles of juice are made out of glass. Bags and yogurt containers are made out of plastic. There are many things that can be recycled. Loop These things are usually

34、 stamped with the recycling loop It has 3 arrows that go in a triangular( 三角形) circle. This shows that cycle(循環(huán)) continues. Items are thrown away but continue their lives as something else. Process Let’s go back to the process of recycling. ①The items are put in a recycling bin.②A truck carries

35、 the items to a recycling plant.③ The materials are separated and squashed（被壓扁成） into square cubes. ④ Companies buy and turn them into new products. 21. What is “recycling” according to the passage? A. It's a magic performance. B. It's a way of burning old things. C. It's a way to make old

36、 things useful. D. It's a scientific research. 22. Which material is not mentioned in the passage? A. Rubber. B. Metal C. Glass. D. Plastic. 23. You can put your old things into a recycling bin except _______. A. soda cans B. magazines C. cereal boxes D. all bottles 24. The “3 arrows” shows tha

37、t the items . A. have some valuable stamps B. are in a triangle circle C. are recycled and reused D. are thrown away 25. The passage is mainly about . A. recyclable materials B. recyclable daily things C. the recycling process D. recycling in a scientific way 21 【答

38、案】C 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Recycling is when you take old things and turn them into new things“回收就是把舊的東西變成新的東西”可知，是一個(gè)讓舊的東西有用的方法，故選C。 22 【答案】A 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Only certain materials can be recycled. These include things made out of paper, metal, glass and plastic可知，文中提到了紙、金屬、玻璃和塑料，并未提到橡膠，故選A。 23 【答案】D 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)

39、理解題。根據(jù)Soda cans are good example. They are made out of metal. Magazines and newspaper are made out of paper. So are cereal boxes. Some bottles of juice are made out of glass可知，汽水罐就是一個(gè)很好的例子。它們是由金屬制成的。雜志和報(bào)紙是用紙做的。麥片盒也是如此。有些果汁瓶是由玻璃制成的，所以汽水罐、雜志、麥片盒都可以放到循環(huán)利用的垃圾箱里，有些果汁瓶也可以，而不是所有的果汁瓶，故選D。 24 【答案】C 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)

40、理解題。根據(jù)It has 3 arrows that go in a triangular( 三角形) circle. This shows that cycle(循環(huán)) continues. Items are thrown away but continue their lives as something else可知，它有三個(gè)箭頭。這表明這種循環(huán)還在繼續(xù)。物品會(huì)被扔掉，但它們會(huì)作為其他東西繼續(xù)存在，所以三個(gè)箭頭表示東西可以被回收，可以被再一次使用，故選C。 25 【答案】D 【解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)It sounds like magic. But it's actually v

41、ery scientific以及下文可知，以一個(gè)科學(xué)的方式進(jìn)行回收利用，故選D。 B Once upon a time, a wealthy old man lived alone in a big house. He was growing weaker day by day and was unable to take care of himself, so he decided to hire（雇傭） a nurse to help with housework and take care of him. One day, the old man interviewed tw

42、o nurses —Anthony and Peter. Anthony happened to be a handsome young man, while Peter looked quite ordinary (普通的). The old man asked Anthony to make tea for him. After Anthony left, the old man turned to Peter and said, “Anthony has given me a very bad account（描述） of you. He said you are rude(粗魯?shù)? a

43、nd untrustworthy (不可信賴的) . Is this correct? ” Peter thought for a minute and said, “If Anthony has a bad opinion of me, there must be something wrong with me. I should take some time to change these things.” The old man was very impressed by Peter’s character. Meanwhile, Anthony returned with a cu

44、p of tea for the old man, The old man sent Peter to make breakfast for him. He then turned to Anthony and told him, “Peter spoke very poorly of you while you were gone. What do you think about this? ” After hearing this, Anthony became angry and started cursing(咒罵). In the end, the old man hired Pe

45、ter. Although Peter looked quite ordinary, he had impressive inner(內(nèi)在的) beauty. 26. What did the old man want a nurse to do? A. Live with him. B. Help with housework and look after his wife. C. Work as a doctor. D. Help with housework and look after him. 27. What did Anthony look like? A. Ha

46、ndsome. B. Ordinary. C. Old. D. Ugly. 28. The old man told Peter that Anthony__________. A. had had some bad words of him B. had praised him C. did not trust him D. considered him to be not important 29. How did Peter react(反應(yīng) ) when he heard the old man's words? A. He was angry. B. He took it

47、seriously. C. He didn't believe him. D. He blamed (責(zé)備 ) Anthony. 30. What can we learn from the passage? A. Ordinary people are more trustworthy. B. Handsome men must be good men. C. Inner beauty is more important than appearance. D. Others' opinions are always correct. 26 【答案】D 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。

48、根據(jù)so he decided to hire（雇傭）a nurse to help with housework and take care of him可知，這個(gè)男人想要招聘一個(gè)護(hù)士來(lái)幫他做家務(wù)和照顧他，故選D。 27 【答案】A 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Anthony happened to be a handsome young man, while Peter looked quite ordinary (普通的)可知，安東尼長(zhǎng)得帥，而彼得很普通，故選A。 28 【答案】A 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Anthony has given me a very bad acco

49、unt（描述） of you. He said you are rude(粗魯?shù)? and untrustworthy (信賴的) . Is this correct? ”可知，這個(gè)老人告訴彼得，安東尼說(shuō)他壞話，故選A。 29 【答案】B 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Peter thought for a minute and said, “If Anthony has a bad opinion of me, there must be something wrong with me. I should take some time to change these things.”可知，

50、彼得想了幾分鐘并說(shuō)，如果安東尼對(duì)我有不好的看法。我一定有什么錯(cuò)的地方，我應(yīng)該花時(shí)間改變這些東西。所以彼得嚴(yán)肅對(duì)待這件事。故選B。 30 【答案】C 【解析】主旨大意題、根據(jù)Although Peter looked quite ordinary, he had impressive inner(內(nèi)在的) beauty以及全文可知，盡管彼得看起來(lái)非常普通，他有令人印象深刻的內(nèi)在美，所以內(nèi)在美比外表更重要，故選C。 C Earlier this year, China achieved a new milestone（里程碑） in space exploration. On Ja

51、n 3, Chang'e 4 became the first space probe（探測(cè)器） in history to successfully land on the far side (dark side) of the moon. After a 26-day journey, it touched softly down on a crater. The whole process of landing lasted 12 minutes, which opened a new page in history of mankind's space exploration. Th

52、e far side of the moon is the side that we can not see. We don't know much about it. This landing is of great importance. The far side of the moon is an ideal (理想的 ) place for scientific research.It may have unique minerals (礦物質(zhì) ) and other resources. Scientists can make clearer observations o

53、f deep space from there. Chang'e 4 has sent back photos of the far side of the moon. It is also being used to carry out experiments. The data (數(shù)據(jù) ) collected from these experiments could be used to help us build a base on the moon in the future. The success of the Chang'e 4 mission (任務(wù) ) is a majo

54、r achievement for China's space program. China launched its lunar (月球的 ) exploration program in 2004, naming it Chang'e. Chinese scientists set three goals—“orbiting (環(huán)繞運(yùn)行 ) , landing and sample (樣本 ) returning”. Chang'e 4 has realized the second goal. The third will be achieved during the Chang'e

55、 5 mission, which is set to take place before the end of this year. Following the success of the Chang'e missions, Chinese scientists are looking even farther into our solar system (太陽(yáng)系 ) . China's first Mars mission is expected to be carried out by 2020. 31. Chang'e 4 is the first space probe i

56、n the world to land ． A. in deep space B. on the moon C. on the near side of the moon D. on the far side of the moon 32. What's the most important about the landing place? A. It's far from the earth. B. It has many resources. C. It's ideal for scientific research. D. It's dark and unknown

57、. 33. The underlined word “observations” in paragraph 2 means________. A. 學(xué)習(xí) B. 觀察 C. 描述 D. 慶祝 34. Which of the following is the second goal of China’s lunar exploration grogram? A. Landing on the moon. B. Bring some samples back to the earth. C. Building a base on the moon. D. Travelling aroun

58、d the moon. 35. What can be the best title of the passage? A. The Space Probe. B. Exploring the Moon. C. The Three Goals. D. Exploring the Mars. 31 【答案】D 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)On Jan 3, Chang'e 4 became the first space probe（探測(cè)器） in history to successfully land on the far side (dark side) of the moon可知，

59、嫦娥四號(hào)是世界上第一個(gè)登錄到月球背面的探測(cè)器，故選D。 32 【答案】C 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)This landing is of great importance. The far side of the moon is an ideal (理想的 ) place for scientific research可知，它是科學(xué)研究的理想場(chǎng)所，故選C。 33 【答案】B 【解析】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)It may have unique minerals (礦物質(zhì)) and other resources. Scientists can make clearer observa

60、tions of deep space from there可知，它可能有獨(dú)特的礦物質(zhì)和其他的資源，而且科學(xué)家能夠?qū)ι羁者M(jìn)行更清晰的觀察，所以observation的意思為觀察，故選B。 34 【答案】A 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Chinese scientists set three goals—“orbiting (環(huán)繞運(yùn)行 ) , landing and sample (樣本 ) returning”可知，中國(guó)科學(xué)家制定了三個(gè)目標(biāo)：環(huán)繞運(yùn)行、登錄和采集樣本返回三個(gè)階段，所以第二階段是登錄月球，故選A。 35 【答案】B 【解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文可知，本文主要講述嫦娥四號(hào)

61、登錄到月球背面這一重大事件，并且講述月球探險(xiǎn)項(xiàng)目的目標(biāo)以及此次事件的意義。都是圍繞探險(xiǎn)月球展開的，故選B。 D People in different countries speak different languages. But is there a language that can be understood by everyone in the world ? Emojis might be the first truly universal(通用的)language. Emojis are a kind of special language. Pictures are

62、used to put meaning across. A group called the Unicode Consortium is in charge of choosing official(官方的) emojis. It has added new emojis every year since 2014. These new emojis do not come out of nowhere. They come from what people think about, like and care about. Emojis can be used to represent (

63、代表) different groups of people. In 2015, emoji faces with different skin tones (膚色） were added. In 2016, different jobs were added, such as doctor, police officer and painter along with female versions of these jobs. This year, emojis of disabled people were added, including emojis of blind p

64、eople and people in wheel chairs. But there is also more to emojis. They can also refer to pop culture and new cultural trends. New emojis in 2019 have included several animals, such as sloths（樹懶） and flamingos (火烈鳥).These animals are not very common, but are known to many people. For example, slo

65、ths have become popular thanks to the 2016 film Zootopia (《瘋狂動(dòng)物城 》 ). Many fashion designers have included flamingos in their designs in recent years. This animal makes people feel like they're on a tropical (熱帶） vacation. It seems that emojis are a mirror of the world we live in. It will be inter

66、esting to see how they change and grow in the years to come. 36. Emojis are a special language using the_____to put meaning across. (僅填1個(gè)詞） 37. Where do new emojis come from?（回答不超過(guò)9個(gè)詞） _____________________________ 38. When did emojis begin to show different jobs?（回答不超過(guò)2個(gè)詞） __________________________________ 39. What kind of animals have been included in 2019?（回答不超過(guò)6個(gè)詞） _____________________________ 40. 將畫線句子翻譯成漢語(yǔ)。 _____________________________ 36 【答案】pictures. 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Emojis a