江蘇省南京市2018年中考英語語法復(fù)習(xí) 形容詞、副詞

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1、 中考語法形容詞/副詞 一. 形容詞 1. 定義：形容詞是用來修飾名詞和代詞，表示人和或事物的性質(zhì)、特征、狀態(tài)或?qū)傩缘脑~。 2. 用法 ①adj.+n. 形容詞修飾名詞。如：a nice day ②系動詞+ adj. 形容詞作表語 有：一be, 二保持keep, stay三變become, turn get, 五個感官look, smell, feel,sound, taste, 等。 ③keep/make+賓語+adj. 作賓語補足語 以及作賓補的介詞短語：with+賓語+adj. 3. 與形容詞的相關(guān)考點：不定代詞的用法 something, somebody,

2、 someone通常用于肯定句;anything, anyone, anybody通常用于否定句﹑一般疑問句或條件狀語從句中。在肯定句中anything表示任何事物，常與everything放在一起做辨析。 ①不定代詞+adj. 作后置定語修飾不定代詞 例如There is nothing wrong with my computer. ②不定代詞+to do不定式 to do不定式作后置定語修飾不定代詞。 二、副詞：副詞時用來修飾動詞和形容詞的程度。 1.形容詞變副詞的規(guī)律 ① 一般情況下直接加“l(fā)y” ② 中考中以e結(jié)尾的形容詞，要去掉e再加-ly的，只有一個true-trul

3、y 絕大多數(shù)輔音字母加e結(jié)尾的形容詞直接加-ly。如： ③以“y”結(jié)尾的，且讀音為 / i /， 先將“y”改成“i”，再加“l(fā)y” 但是如果讀音為 / ai /， 直接加ly，如：dry-dryly shy---shyly ④ 以輔音字母加le結(jié)尾時，去e加y 2.頻度副詞 頻度副詞never, seldom, sometimes, often, usually, always從不，很少，有時，經(jīng)常，通常，總是。這些詞都是表示頻率的詞，一般在句中作狀語。它們所對應(yīng)的百分比見下表： 三、難點： 1.有些形容詞和副詞形式一樣，但是用法卻完全不同。比如hard（

4、難的）和hard（努力地） 2.副詞具有兩種形式的，一種表示抽象概念，另外一種表示具體概念。如wide和widely 3.有些以ly結(jié)尾的單詞并不是副詞，而是形容詞，如friendly。這種形容詞同時是名詞+ly的形式。 4.有些形容詞的ly形式并不是其副詞形式。比如hard和hardly 近三年模擬題形容詞總結(jié) 2016年一模題組 【2016年 溧水一?！? curious interested in anything new 【2016年 高淳一?！? early avoid the heavy traffic tomorrow morning 【2016年 建鄴

5、一模】 completely forgot Mr. John’s project be very angry 【2016年 聯(lián)合體一?！? modest never shows off. 【2016年 聯(lián)合體一?！? seldom He often goes on business in Canada 【2016年 江寧一?！? interested /interesting/bored/boring want to read them again 【2016年 六合一模】 friendly has a smile on her face 【2016年 秦淮一

6、?！? impossible we try our best to make it 2017年一模題組 【2017年 溧水一?！? speak slowly read your mouth more easily and understand better 【2017年 建鄴一模】 happen suddenly know some ways to protect yourselves 【2017年 聯(lián)合體一?！? hardly understand English films does well in her written English 【2017年 江寧一模】 h

7、ad exactly one minute to complete the special task no more and no less 【2017年 江寧一模】 confident enough to take on any challenge 【2017年 秦淮一?！? simply lie on the beach enjoy all the water sports 【2017年 玄武一?！? clapped hands excitedly saw their favourite pop stars come in 2018年一模題組 【2018年 建鄴一?！?/p>

8、 have more meaningful things to do a waste of time to play phone games 【2018年 聯(lián)合體一?！? make yourself valuable doesn’t want to lose you 【2018年 玄武一?！? Community safety is specially introduced Very useful 【2018年 鼓樓一?！? walk a little more slowly thought you could follow me 四、真題考點歸納 1. 題干

9、中出現(xiàn)了Have you found it to read these English stories 主謂賓賓補結(jié)構(gòu) 2. 并列句的連詞：and，but，or。題干中常常涉及到句子之間的轉(zhuǎn)折、并列和選擇關(guān)系，因此需要在這些方面下功夫 3. 涉及到的句型有 too...to, enough...to, it’s adj+to do sth Find it +adj, make it +adj, 4.考察的單詞中，有易混淆的interested/interesting,widely/wide, closely/close, hardly/hard, 有些加強語氣的，

10、completely，exactly，simply，還有些積極的meaningful，valuable，polite，modest，curious，friendly，confident 詞組積累： in China’s scientific and technological development 2016年一模真題組 【2016溧水一?！?. —What do you think of Jane? —She’s a girl and always interested in anything new. A. curious B. modest C. e

11、nergetic D.organized 考點：形容詞辨析A 【2016高淳一?！?. We will have to leave _______ to avoid the heavy traffic tomorrow morning. A. early B. quietly C. slowly D.politely 考點：副詞A 【2016建鄴一?！?. — Jack, you look worried. What happened? — I _____ forgot Mr. John’s project and I’m afraid he’ll be v

12、ery angry. A. successfully B. completely C. smoothly D. peacefully 考點：副詞B 【2016聯(lián)合體一?！?. —Millie does well in her lessons. But she never shows off. —I can’t agree more. She is quite . A. modest B. modern C. gentle D. polite 考點：形容詞辨析A 【2016聯(lián)合體一?！?. —Have you ever seen Tom recentl

13、y? — . He often goes on business in Canada. A. Seldom B. Usually C. Always D. Often 考點：頻率副詞A 【2016江寧一?！?. —Have you found it to read these English stories? —Yes, I want to read them again if I have time. A. interested B. interesting C. bored D. Boring 考點：形容詞辨析B 【2016六合

14、一模】7. —What do you think of your English teacher, Tim? —I love her. She is really . She always has a smile on her face. A. humorous B. funny C. friendly D. serious 考點：形容詞詞義辨析C 【2016秦淮一?！?. On March 29th , the Chinese football team managed to win an important match. Their

15、success shows nothing is ________ if we try our best to make it. A. impossible B. helpless C. possible D. helpful 考點：形容詞詞義辨析A 2017年一模真題組 【2017年 玄武一?！?. The fans in the hall clapped hands ________ when they saw their favourite pop stars come in. A. excited

16、 B. excitedly C. exciting D. excitingly 答案 B 形容詞副詞 【2017年 建鄴一?！?. Earthquakes always happen ______ so you should know some ways to protect yourselves once they come. A. silently B. hopefully C. suddenly D. carelessly 答案 C 副詞辨析 【2017年 江寧一模】3. —John

17、 is so excited. Did he win the competition? —Yes. He had _________ one minute to complete the special task, no more and no less. A. especially B. probably C. exactly D. hardly 答案 C 副詞辨析 【2017年 江寧一?！?. You may meet many difficulties in the future. You should learn to be _________ en

18、ough to take on any challenge. A. confident B. modest C. generous D. curious 答案 A 形容詞辨析 【2017年 聯(lián)合體一?！?. Linda always does well in her written English, but she can _____understand English films. A. usually B. hardly C. easily D. already 答案 B 副詞辨析 【2017年 秦淮一?！?. In Sanya

19、, you can enjoy all the water sports, or ______ lie on the beach. A. simply B. hardly C. nearly D. especially 【答案】A 【解析】句意理解和單詞識記。在三亞，你可以享受所有水上運動，或者僅僅是簡單地躺在沙灘上。A. simply簡單地；B. hardly頻率副詞，幾乎不； C. nearly 接近 D. especially 尤其。 【2017年 溧水一?！?. Please speak __________ to those c

20、hildren with hearing problems so that they can read your mouth more easily and understand better. A. happily B. politely C. quietly D. slowly 答案 D 副詞辨析 2018年一模真題組 【2018年 鼓樓一?！?.—Dad, would you please walk a little more__ ? —Sorry. I thought you could follow me. A. closely B. q

21、uickly C. quietly D. slowly 答案 D 副詞 【2018年 建鄴一模】2. —It is really a waste of time to play phone games. —Exactly! As a teenager, we have more things to do . A. careful B. successful C. meaningful D. peaceful 答案 C 【2018年 聯(lián)合體一?！?. —Mom, I’ve just got a new job in a big company. —Co

22、ngratulations! Try to make yourself _______ so that the company doesn’t want to lose you. A. valuable B. comfortable C. fashionable D. strong 答案 A 【2018年 玄武一?！?. — How do you like the book? — Very useful. Community safety is _______ introduced in it. A. probably B. hardly C. usually D. specially 答案 D 7