《2018-2019學(xué)年高中數(shù)學(xué) 第二章 基本初等函數(shù)(Ⅰ)2.2 對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù) 2.2.2 第1課時(shí) 對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)的圖象及性質(zhì)課件 新人教A版必修1.ppt》由會(huì)員分享,可在線閱讀,更多相關(guān)《2018-2019學(xué)年高中數(shù)學(xué) 第二章 基本初等函數(shù)(Ⅰ)2.2 對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù) 2.2.2 第1課時(shí) 對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)的圖象及性質(zhì)課件 新人教A版必修1.ppt(29頁珍藏版)》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。
1、,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,第二章基本初等函數(shù)(),2.2對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù) 2.2.2對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)及其性質(zhì) 第1課時(shí)對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)的圖象及性質(zhì),1.理解對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)的概念、圖象及性質(zhì)(重點(diǎn)) 2.根據(jù)對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)的定義判斷一個(gè)函數(shù)是否是對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)(易混點(diǎn)) 3.初步掌握對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)的圖象和性質(zhì),會(huì)解與對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)相關(guān)的定義域、值域問題(難點(diǎn)),學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo),1.對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)的概念 函數(shù)ylogax(a0,且a1)叫做對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù),其中_____是自變量,x,(0,),(1,0),y<0,y0,y0,y<0,增函數(shù),減函數(shù),x,反函數(shù),直線yx,b,(b,a),g(b)a,下列函數(shù)中,哪些是對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)? yloga x2(a0,且a1);
2、 ylog2x1; y2log8x; ylogxa(x0,且x1); ylog5 x.,對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)的概念,思路點(diǎn)撥:從系數(shù)、底數(shù)、真數(shù)三個(gè)方面分別判斷 解:中真數(shù)不是自變量x,不是對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù) 中對(duì)數(shù)式后減1,不是對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù) 中l(wèi)og8x前的系數(shù)是2,而不是1,不是對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù) 中底數(shù)是自變量x,而非常數(shù)a,不是對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù) 為對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù),1若某對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)的圖象經(jīng)過點(diǎn)(4,2),則該對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)的解析式為______________ 解析:設(shè)對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)的解析式為ylogax(a0,且a1), 由題意可知loga42, a24,a2. 故該對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)的解析式為ylog2x. 答案:ylog2x,對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)的圖象,思路點(diǎn)撥:可
3、先按照底數(shù)大于1和底數(shù)大于0小于1分類,然后再比較與y軸的遠(yuǎn)近程度;也可以通過與y1的交點(diǎn)比較,,解析:由yloga(x)的定義域?yàn)?,0)知,圖象應(yīng)在y軸左側(cè),可排除A、D選項(xiàng); 當(dāng)a1時(shí),yax應(yīng)為增函數(shù),yloga(x)應(yīng)為減函數(shù),可知B項(xiàng)正確; 而對(duì)C項(xiàng),由圖象知yax遞減0a1yloga(x)應(yīng)為增函數(shù)與C圖不符故選B. 答案:B,與對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)有關(guān)的定義域,1對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)的定義域?yàn)?0,) 2與對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)有關(guān)的復(fù)合函數(shù)的定義域:求定義域時(shí),要考慮到真數(shù)大于0,底數(shù)大于0且不等于1.若底數(shù)和真數(shù)中都含有變量,或式子中含有分式、根式等,在解答問題時(shí)需要保證各個(gè)方面都有意義一般地,求ylogaf(
4、x)的定義域時(shí),應(yīng)首先保證f(x)0.,1在對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)ylogax(a0,且a1)中,底數(shù)a對(duì)其圖象的影響,無論a取何值,對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)ylogax(a0,且a1)的圖象均過點(diǎn)(1,0),且由定義域的限制,函數(shù)圖象穿過點(diǎn)(1,0)落在第一、四象限,隨著a的逐漸增大,ylogax(a0,且a1)的圖象繞(1,0)點(diǎn)在第一象限由左向右順時(shí)針排列,且當(dāng)0a1時(shí)函數(shù)單調(diào)遞減,當(dāng)a1時(shí)函數(shù)單調(diào)遞增,2求含對(duì)數(shù)式的復(fù)合函數(shù)的定義域,注意對(duì)數(shù)式的基本概念及性質(zhì)的應(yīng)用,當(dāng)對(duì)數(shù)式有意義時(shí),具備兩個(gè)條件,即真數(shù)大于0,底數(shù)大于0且不等于1,當(dāng)對(duì)數(shù)的底數(shù)不確定時(shí),對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)的單調(diào)性要分類討論 3只有定義域和值域滿足“一一對(duì)應(yīng)”的函數(shù)才有反函數(shù),互為反函數(shù)的圖象關(guān)于直線yx對(duì)稱,且具有相同的單調(diào)性,,謝謝觀看!,