數(shù)據(jù)庫的啟動(dòng)與關(guān)閉

單擊此處編輯母版標(biāo)題樣式,,單擊此處編輯母版文本樣式,,第二級,,第三級,,第四級,,第五級,,,*,,,,數(shù)據(jù)庫的啟動(dòng)與關(guān)閉,,,,本章內(nèi)容,,數(shù)據(jù)庫的啟動(dòng),,數(shù)據(jù)庫的關(guān)閉,,數(shù)據(jù)庫的狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換,,本章要求,,掌握數(shù)據(jù)庫啟動(dòng)與關(guān)閉的過程,,掌握數(shù)據(jù)庫啟動(dòng)方法,,掌握數(shù)據(jù)庫關(guān)閉的方法,,了解數(shù)據(jù)庫不同狀態(tài)的特征及其轉(zhuǎn)換,,,數(shù)據(jù)庫啟動(dòng)與關(guān)閉概述,,數(shù)據(jù)庫啟動(dòng)步驟,,創(chuàng)建并啟動(dòng)實(shí)例 （初始化參數(shù)文件）,,裝載數(shù)據(jù)庫 （控制文件）,,打開數(shù)據(jù)庫 （數(shù)據(jù)文件與重做日志文件）,,,,,,,數(shù)據(jù)庫啟動(dòng)與關(guān)閉概述,,數(shù)據(jù)庫關(guān)閉步驟,,關(guān)閉數(shù)據(jù)庫 （關(guān)閉數(shù)據(jù)文件與重做日志文件）,,卸載數(shù)據(jù)庫 （關(guān)閉控制文件）,,關(guān)閉實(shí)例 （釋放內(nèi)存、關(guān)閉后臺進(jìn)程）,,啟動(dòng)與關(guān)閉數(shù)據(jù)庫常用工具,,SQL *Plus,,OEM,,RMAN,,,監(jiān)聽程序的啟動(dòng)與關(guān)閉,以命令行的方式啟動(dòng)和關(guān)閉監(jiān)聽程序,,打開監(jiān)聽程序,,,C:\>LSNRCTL START,,在,Windows,系統(tǒng)中啟動(dòng)和關(guān)閉監(jiān)聽程序,,在,SQL*Plus,中啟動(dòng)與關(guān)閉數(shù)據(jù)庫,,在,SQL*Plus,中啟動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)庫,,在,SQL*Plus,中關(guān)閉數(shù)據(jù)庫,,以,SYSDBA,或,SYSOPER,身份連接到,Oracle,,C:\>SQLPLUS /NOLOG,,SQL> CONNECT sys/sys @ORCL AS SYSDBA,,,,在,SQL*Plus,中啟動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)庫,,數(shù)據(jù)庫啟動(dòng)的三種模式,,,,,,,,啟動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)庫的基本語法,,STARTUP [NOMOUNT|MOUNT|OPEN|FORCE][RESTRICT],,[PFILE=filename],,啟,,動(dòng),,模,,式,說,,明,NOMOUNT,創(chuàng)建并啟動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)庫實(shí)例，對應(yīng)數(shù)據(jù)庫啟動(dòng)的第一個(gè)步驟,MOUNT,啟動(dòng)實(shí)例并裝載數(shù)據(jù)庫，對應(yīng)數(shù)據(jù)庫啟動(dòng)的第二個(gè)步驟,OPEN,啟動(dòng)實(shí)例、裝載并打開數(shù)據(jù)庫，對應(yīng)數(shù)據(jù)庫啟動(dòng)的第三個(gè)步驟,,在,SQL*Plus,中啟動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)庫,,STARTUP NOMOUNT,,創(chuàng)建一個(gè)新的數(shù)據(jù)庫,,重建數(shù)據(jù)庫的控制文件,,STARTUP MOUNT,,重命名數(shù)據(jù)文件,,添加、刪除或重命名重做日志文件,,改變數(shù)據(jù)庫的歸檔模式,,執(zhí)行數(shù)據(jù)庫完全恢復(fù)操作,,STARTUP [OPEN],,在,SQL*Plus,中啟動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)庫,,STARTUP FORCE,,無法使用,SHUTDOWN NORMAL,，,SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE,或,SHUTDOWN TRANSACTION,語句關(guān)閉數(shù)據(jù)庫實(shí)例,,在啟動(dòng)實(shí)例時(shí)出現(xiàn)無法恢復(fù)的錯(cuò)誤,,STARTUP RESTRICT,,執(zhí)行數(shù)據(jù)庫數(shù)據(jù)的導(dǎo)出或?qū)氩僮?,執(zhí)行數(shù)據(jù)裝載操作,,暫時(shí)阻止普通用戶連接數(shù)據(jù)庫,,進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)庫移植或升級操作,,在,SQL*Plus,中啟動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)庫,,STARTUP PFILE,,默認(rèn)服務(wù)器端初始化參數(shù)文件,,默認(rèn)文本文件,,,使用非默認(rèn)的服務(wù)器端初始化參數(shù)文件,,,由,SPFILE,指定,,,在,SQL*Plus,中關(guān)閉數(shù)據(jù)庫,,關(guān)閉數(shù)據(jù)庫的基本步驟,,關(guān)閉數(shù)據(jù)庫,,卸載數(shù)據(jù)庫,,關(guān)閉實(shí)例,,關(guān)閉數(shù)據(jù)庫的基本語法,,SHUTDOWN [ NORMAL | TRANSACTION | IMMEDIATE | ABORT ],,SHUTDOWN [NORMAL],,阻止任何用戶建立新的連接；,,等待當(dāng)前所有正在連接的用戶主動(dòng)斷開連接；,,一旦所有用戶斷開連接，則關(guān)閉數(shù)據(jù)庫；,,數(shù)據(jù)庫下次啟動(dòng)時(shí)不需要任何實(shí)例的恢復(fù)過程。,,SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE,,阻止任何用戶建立新的連接，也不允許當(dāng)前連接用戶啟動(dòng)任何新的事務(wù)；,,回滾所有當(dāng)前未提交的事務(wù)；,,終止所有用戶的連接，直接關(guān)閉數(shù)據(jù)庫；,,數(shù)據(jù)庫下一次啟動(dòng)時(shí)不需要任何實(shí)例的恢復(fù)過程。,在,SQL*Plus,中關(guān)閉數(shù)據(jù)庫,,,SHUTDOWN TRANSACTION,,,阻止所有用戶建立新的連接，也不允許當(dāng)前連接用戶啟動(dòng)任何新的事務(wù)；,,等待用戶回滾或提交任何當(dāng)前未提交的事務(wù)，然后立即斷開用戶連接；,,關(guān)閉數(shù)據(jù)庫；,,數(shù)據(jù)庫下一次啟動(dòng)時(shí)不需要任何實(shí)例的恢復(fù)過程。,,SHUTDOWN ABORT,,阻止任何用戶建立新的連接，同時(shí)阻止當(dāng)前連接用戶開始任何新的事務(wù)。,,立即結(jié)束當(dāng)前正在執(zhí)行的,SQL,語句。,,任何未提交的事務(wù)不被回滾。,,中斷所有的用戶連接，立即關(guān)閉數(shù)據(jù)庫。,,數(shù)據(jù)庫實(shí)例重啟后需要恢復(fù)。,在,SQL*Plus,中關(guān)閉數(shù)據(jù)庫,,,數(shù)據(jù)庫狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換,,啟動(dòng)模式間轉(zhuǎn)換,,STARTUP NOMOUNT;,,ALTER DATABASE MOUNT;,,ALTER DATABASE OPEN ;,,讀寫狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換,,,ALTER DATABASE OPEN READ WRITE ;,,ALTER DATABASE OPEN READ ONLY;,,受限,/,非受限狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換,,ALTER SYSTEM ENABLE RESTRICTED SESSION;,,ALTER SYSTEM DISABLE RESTRICTED SESSIOIN;,,,靜默狀態(tài),/,非靜默狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換,,,ALTER SYSTEM QUIESCE RESTRICTED ;,,ALTER SYSTEM UNQUIESCE ;,,掛起與非掛起狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換,,ALTER SYSTEM SUSPEND ;,,ALTER SYSTEM RESUME ;,,數(shù)據(jù)庫狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換,,,在,OEM,中啟動(dòng)與關(guān)閉數(shù)據(jù)庫,,啟動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)庫,,在,OEM,中啟動(dòng)與關(guān)閉數(shù)據(jù)庫,,關(guān)閉數(shù)據(jù)庫,,,,啟動(dòng)與關(guān)閉數(shù)據(jù)庫服務(wù),,啟動(dòng)與關(guān)閉數(shù)據(jù)庫服務(wù),,小結(jié),,啟動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)庫,,關(guān)閉數(shù)據(jù)庫,,數(shù)據(jù)庫的狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換,,