高考英語短文改錯(cuò)專項(xiàng)演練.doc

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高考短文改錯(cuò)題解題策略與技巧及題庫 | （一）考查方向　　 短文該錯(cuò)的設(shè)錯(cuò)題一般有兩類：語法錯(cuò)誤和邏輯錯(cuò)誤。語法錯(cuò)誤包括詞法錯(cuò)誤和句法錯(cuò)誤，如：冠詞、介詞、名詞單復(fù)數(shù)、動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)、非謂語動詞、主謂一致、形容詞、副詞、代詞、連詞和語義重復(fù)等方面；邏輯錯(cuò)誤涉及整體理解、語言運(yùn)用和邏輯推理判斷?！　? 2007年寧夏/海南高考英語試卷中的短文該錯(cuò)題做了調(diào)整，把原來設(shè)題短文由10行調(diào)整為7－8行，由原來的10行9錯(cuò)調(diào)整為共有10處錯(cuò)誤，每句最多有兩處錯(cuò)誤，取消了原來找出正確的一行，這些調(diào)整都體現(xiàn)了更多的新意和合理性：一是更加符合寫作時(shí)出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤的客觀規(guī)律；二是在試題導(dǎo)語中加入說明“假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的作文?！边@就說明短文該錯(cuò)的宗旨就是針對我們中國學(xué)生在英語寫作中常見的尤其是“中國式英語”錯(cuò)誤而設(shè)計(jì)的?！　? （二）備考策略　　 1. 牢固掌握語法知識，建立清晰的語法框架　　 在高三學(xué)習(xí)中，要把主要語法知識復(fù)習(xí)透徹，尤其對各種詞類的句法作用做到了如指掌。只有把語法 知識的清晰框架結(jié)構(gòu)建立起來，才能在做短文該錯(cuò)時(shí)思路清晰，切中考點(diǎn)。　　 2. 書面表達(dá)與短文該錯(cuò)相結(jié)合　　 在書面表達(dá)訓(xùn)練中一定要提高運(yùn)用語言的準(zhǔn)確性。寫完不要等老師批改，先把自己的習(xí)作當(dāng)作一篇短文該錯(cuò)來修改，看看時(shí)態(tài)運(yùn)用是否得當(dāng)，詞類應(yīng)用是否正確，名詞的人稱和單復(fù)數(shù)是否有誤等?！　? （三）做題技巧　　 1. 瀏覽全文，掌握大意　　 通讀短文，把握全篇主旨，弄清上下文的邏輯關(guān)系。有時(shí)孤立地分析某個(gè)句子，其結(jié)構(gòu)正確、語義通順，無錯(cuò)可改，但如果聯(lián)系上下文，便會發(fā)現(xiàn)有的句子中有不合邏輯的地方，須作出改正?！　? 2. 反復(fù)閱讀，逐句找錯(cuò)　　 讀懂文章后，要逐句分析在句法、語法、行文邏輯方面是否有錯(cuò)。具體注意以下幾點(diǎn)：　　 （1）整篇文章的語態(tài)、時(shí)態(tài)是否前后一致?！　? （2）名詞的數(shù)與格，名詞前該不該用冠詞，用什么冠詞?！　? （3）習(xí)慣用語、固定搭配是否完整，有無缺少或多余介詞、副詞現(xiàn)象?！　? （4）非謂語動詞的形式運(yùn)用是否正確?！　? （5）并列復(fù)合句中的連詞運(yùn)用是否正確。　　 （6）主從復(fù)合句中的關(guān)系代詞/副詞、從屬連詞/代詞、副詞的運(yùn)用是否正確；主從復(fù)合句中的定語從句、名詞從句、狀語從句的形式及運(yùn)用是否正確?！　? （7）代詞的運(yùn)用與結(jié)構(gòu)是否正確，尤其是人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞以及it作形式主語/賓語的用法是否正確?！　? （8）形容詞、副詞的用法，包括形容詞/副詞的比較級、最高級的用法是否正確。　　 3. 由易到難，各個(gè)擊破　　 改錯(cuò)要從最簡單熟悉的項(xiàng)目入手，先從語法角度入手，再從邏輯方面考慮，最后推敲難題?！　? 4. 檢查核對，反復(fù)推敲　　 最后反復(fù)瀏覽核對改后的全文，看全篇是否語義通順。要檢查是否完全按照短文改錯(cuò)題型的要求和規(guī)范做題。 高考英語短文改錯(cuò)專項(xiàng)演練_英語題庫 　 　1 We’ll never forget a day when my classmates and 1. ____ I paid a visit a chemistry factory. It 2. ____ was a large one with nearly 20, 000 workers. It looks 3. ____ like a garden and we saw colorful flowers, grass and trees 4. ____ there. We also visited some workshop and found workers 5. ____ working hard. We talked to them and learned a lot of. We 6. ____ understood them further. On the way home we felt very tiring, 7. ____ but we both thought we had a very good day. 8. ____ We really hoped what we could get more chances 9. ____ of leaving the school and learn about society. 10. ____ 2 The children next door often play the football in 1. ____ the garden after my house and sometimes break my 2. ____ windows. Last Saturday afternoon I stay at home and 3. ____ read a book. After a while, I closed my eyes and went 4. ____ to sleep. A loud knock on the door made me to wake 5. ____ up suddenly. Soon a little boy turned out. “You haven’t 6. ____ broken one of my window again?” I asked. “Oh, no!” 7. ____ answered the boy. “Your windows were all opened this 8. ____ time and our football is in your bedroom. Could you 9. ____ mind getting in to get our ball?” I was at a loss at the 10. ____ moment. 3 I ever worked as a tour guide. One day I saw advertisement 1. ____ on the newspaper. I rang up the company, and 2. ____ I was given the job immediate. They asked me to take 3. ____ a tour around the city the next morning. The manager 4. ____ just told me to say anything that I could think about the 5. ____ city. My first tour is terrible. The old bus was not 6. ____ air-conditioned, because it was the middle of summer. It 7. ____ was uncomfortable inside the bus. The tourist soon became 8. ____ very hot and angry. I owned a very hard time. I stayed there 9. ____ for a few weeks,and then left and joined in a better 10. ____ company. 　　 4 Sue and Ann often meet at a cheaper restaurant to eat 1. ____ and talking about life and school after their morning 2. ____ class. Sometimes, instead of talking ,they play a 3. ____ game that they call it “people watching”. They start the 4. ____ game in observing and listening to people around 5. ____ them carefully and make guesses about their lives as 6. ____ ages, jobs, likes, dislikes and so on. Of course, 7. ____ they never really knew whether they are right or wrong. 8. ____ Therefore they usually have good reasons for thinking 9. ____ that what they are. “The game is fun,” they often say. 10. ____ 　　 5 At a party, it is quite normal of someone to have 1. ____ a short conversation with you and then go on to talking 2. ____ to other people! Don’t think they dislike you or they 3. ____ are impolite. It has the custom at many parties 4. ____ in Britain, particularly there people are standing up rather 5. ____ than sitting down. Here are two ways of finishing conversation 6. ____ at a party. “Excuse me. I think I’ll go and get another drinking. 7. ____ See you later, perhaps?” “Oh. Excuse me. I’ve just seen 8. ____ Mary Jennings over here. I’ve got to discuss a meeting we 9. ____ are been having on Thursday. Would you excuse me for a moment?”” 10. ____ 　 6 　　I felt sadly yesterday when our teacher told us something 1. ____ about Project Hope in class. It has set up to help the 2. ____ children in the countryside who can’t pay to go to 3. ____ school. After school I came home. I was wondering if I 4. ____ could do something for the Project then I caught sight 5. ____ of money-collecting box on the table. Then I made 6. ____ up my minds to send my pocket money which I 7. ____ had saved for nearly one year for the children who 8. ____ wanted to go to school. I wrote a letter to them and 9. ____ hurried to the post office. Together with the letter I posted the money and sent with my best wishes to them. 10. ____ 　 　7 　Last night when Steven and I was having a walk in the 1. ____ Street, we suddenly heard a painful cry for help under 2. ____ a tree nearby. We quickly ran to the tree and found a boy laying 3. ____ on the ground with a stick in his leg. He had fallen of the tree. 4. ____ Steven suggested we pulled the stick out at once, but I disagreed, 5. ____ Because I had learned little about first aid at school. The stick 6. ____ in the leg would help controlling the bleeding. As there was 7 . ____ no telephone,we managed to find a taxi. We took the boy to the 8. ____ hospital. The doctors examined the boy fast and we got to 9. ____ know where the boy lived. So we telephoned his parents and left after he came to the hospital. We did a good deed. 10. ____ 　　 8 Last summer I learnt to ride a bicycle. At first?,I was 1. ____ unable to control its direction. Sometimes I fall to 2. ____ the right or to the left. But I worried my father to tell me 3. ____ how I could ride straightly. He didn’t answer me 4. ____ directly. Instead,he took me to side of the street. 5. ____ “Can you find some bike track that is really straight?” 6. ____ asked my father. I watched more carefully and shook my 7. ____ head .“No?” he said, “in factneither of the tracks is 8. ____ always straight. But just by correct the direction 9. ____ every now and then, you had already gone forward.” 10. ____ 9 Boys and girls, Attention, please. I’ve got a good news for you. A new book 1. ____ How to Improve Your English is now on sell in the 　 2. ____ nearby bookstore. Xinhua Bookstore. I think the book 3. ____ is a great help on our English study and suitable for 4. ____ us middle school students. Here I’ve got it. You may 5 . ____ go to have a look to see whether you like it or not. The price 6. ____ is five yuan every. Those who want to buy the 7. ____ book should get your money ready for. By eleven o’clock 8. ____ tomorrow morning the money should be give either 9. ____ to me nor to our League Secretary. We’ll go to buy the 10. ____ books tomorrow afternoon. 10 Most families in China hoped their single children will have a happy future, so they are very strict in their children. So do teachers in schools! Many children are given so much homework that they have hardly any spare time have sports. The children are forbidden to do anything but to study. No wonder so many children are tired of lessons. Some even attack or kill his parents and teachers! I believe many people already read this kind of news in newspapers or magazines. Shouldn’t we draw lesson from the accidents? Now our government is making out a plan to solve the educationproblems. 76．_______ 77．_______ 78．_______ 79．_______ 80．_______ 81．_______ 82．_______ 83．_______ 84．_______ 85．_______ 11 Nowadays, almost every family has TV set, and almost everyone likes watching TV. TV has become part of our lives. TV has many advantages, for example, it informs us the latest news which is happening in the world; it can open our eyes, enlarge our knowledge and also help us to see more about the worlD． But, it also has some disadvantages. People waste too much time in watching TV and his normal life and work are affecteD． To the children who they spend too much time in watching TV, it can do harmful to their sight and healthy. So we should control the time of watching TV. 76．_______ 77．_______ 78．_______ 79．_______ 80．_______ 81．_______ 82．_______ 83．_______ 84．_______ 85．_______ 12 A few months after returning the US from Germany, I took part in a college course in French. Since I have learned to say German well in Germany, I thought it might be interested to begin studying another language. At the first class, the teacher asked us to do a pronunciation exercise in it he would say a word or two in French, and each student would do their best to copy. When he got to me, he kept having me to say more words, and I finally asked him why. “I find it great fun,” she explained it. “In 25 years of teaching at school, it’s the first time I’ve heard an American speak French with a German accent. 76._______ 77._______ 78._______ 79._______ 80._______ 81._______ 82._______ 83._______ 84._______ 85._______ 13 The Huaihe River has been serious polluted. Day and night millions of tons of waste water is being poured down to it from hundreds of factories. The waste water is harmful. At present there is no fish in it. The river water cannot be drunk. People in either bank have to dig wells to take drinking water. The Huaihe River is such dirty and poisonous that people don’t dare swim in it. Something must be done to stopping the pollution. The government and the people near the river must try to clear water as soon as possible. Now special attention has paid to the pollution by the government and more scientists. The pollution will be prevented in the near future. 76._______ 77._______ 78._______ 79._______ 80. _______ 81._______ 82._______ 83._______ 84._______ 85._______ 14 Dear Abby, How are you? Today I’ve got a wonderful news to tell you. I have offered a scholarship at a university in Australia for my further education. One hundred and twenty students took exam for it, but only a few was chosen and I was one of them. However, my parents are not happy about it. They are strong against me going there. They say it is too far away that they will not see me for a whole year and they are afraid of I will feel lonely. They can’t imagine a girl so young live alone. They advise me to study in the capital instead. Then I’ll be able to continue living with them. How can I persuade them to accept the fact I have grown up? 　　　　　　Best wishes, 　　Jane 76._______ 77._______ 78._______ 79._______ 80._______ 81._______ 82._______ 83._______ 84._______ 85._______ 15 A person’s age no longer tells you something about his social position, marriage or healthy. There’s no longer, a particular year which one goes to school or goes to work or gets married or start a family. The social clock that kept us on time and told us when go to school, get a job, or stop working isn’t as strong as it was used to be. It doesn’t surprise us to hear a 28-year-old university president or a 35-year-old grandmother, or 70-year-old man who has become a father for the first time. What we all know, public’s ideas are changing nowadays. 76. ________ 77. ________ 78. ________ 79. ________ 80. ________ 81. ________ 82. ________ 83. ________ 84. ________ 85. ________ 16 It is difficult for parents to teach your children to be responsible (有責(zé)任的) for housework, but with one of the followed suggestions, you really can get your children help you at home. If you give your children the impression which they can never do anything quite right, then they will regard themselves unfit or unable persons. Unless they believe they can succeed, they will never become totally independence. Don’t always scold and give lots of praise instead. Talk about what they’ve done right, but about what they haven’t done. If your children complete a difficult task, reward (酬勞) him with a Sunday trip or a ball game of Dad. 76.________ 77.________ 78.________ 79.________ 80.________ 81.________ 82.________ 83.________ 84.________ 85.________ 17 Before I went to senior middle school, some peoples told me. “A life of senior middle school is unforgettable.” While I first entered my senior middle school, everything seemed unpleasant. Face all the strange things around me, I often miss my old friends and classmates. I didn’t want to talk others or make friends with others. Little by little, my school record went from bad to worse, especially my maths. I couldn’t even pass the exam. I lost the heart and missed the happy times all day long. I told me, “I don’t belong to it. I don’t like the life here.” 76._______ 77._______ 78._______ 79._______ 80._______ 81._______ 82._______ 83._______ 84._______ 85._______ 18 Tom and Dick are next door neighbour who work in the same office so they walked together to and from office. Some day as they were walking home together it sudden started to rain. Tom quickly opened his umbrella and said, “My wife surely has foresight (預(yù)見) . She said on this morning it would rain and told me to carry my umbrella with me.” Dick smiled and walked to him, said, “My wife has even great foresight. She told me not to carry an umbrella and as she knew you would certainly have with you.” 76.________ 77.________ 78.________ 79.________ 80.________ 81.________ 82.________ 83.________ 84.________ 85.________ 19 Dear Sir or Madam, I see your advertisement in a student magazine and I’m interesting to know more about your diving courses. First of all, I should explain that although I can swim I’m not very confident in the water. But you mentioned your advertisement that your instructors are full qualified(稱職), so I believe they’ll able to teach someone like me to dive. I have one week’s holiday in the three week of June and would like to know that if there’s a course running at that time. How much does a week’s course worth? Finally, if I decide to go ahead, are there any special equipment I need to buy or is everything provided by your company? I look forward to hearing from you. Sincerely yours, Tom 76. ______ 77. ______ 78. ______ 79. ______ 80. ______ 81. ______ 82. ______ 83. ______ 84. ______ 85. ______ 20 Dear Xiaohua, It is four days since Mother accepted the operation. She is feeling much more better. The doctors told me the operation was successful, but because her old age she had to stay in hospital for other two weeks. The doctors also say it was quite necessary for her to do so. We expect to get a full report in two and three days. Please tell the good news to the rest of family as soon as possible. You needn’t to come here. I’m able to look after Mother by myself. You’d better send flowers to Mother. She will feel happily. Yours, Xiaohui 76._______ 77._______ 78._______ 79._______ 80._______ 81._______ 82._______ 83. _______ 84. _______ 85. _______ 21 Football is most popular game in England: one has only to go to one of the important match to see this. Rich and poor, young and old, one can see them all there, shout and cheering for one side or the other. One of the surprised things about football in England to a stranger is the great knowledge of the game which still the smallest boy seems to have it. He can tell you the names of the players in most of the important team, he has photographs of them and know the results of large numbers of matches. He will tell you his opinion which is usual as valuable as that of the adults. 1.-------------- 2.--------------- 3.--------------- 4--------------- 5--------------- 6--------------- 7--------------- 8--------------- 9--------------- 10--------------- 22 Climbing is my favourite sport. I am very food it, especially in later autumn. One day early in the morning, my friends and I put on our sports shoes and start off. After climbing for half an hour, we got at the top of the mountain. There we had a good view miles around. In the north, a big river crossed the city. There were many ships sail busily. A lot of beautiful trees were there, too. The sun started to go down, for it was time for us to go back. On the road back, we were laughing and talking all the time. We had a good time on that day. 76. _______ 77. _______ 78. _______ 79. _______ 80. _______ 81. _______ 82. _______ 83. _______ 84. _______ 85. _______ 23 Before lunch Allen happened to see a man fished in a ditch about five metre outside a bar. Allen stopped curiously. All people passing over the man who was fishing regarded him like a foolish man. Allen’s heart went out of him. He said kindly to fish-catcher, “Hello, will you please do me a favor and have a drink with me in the bar?” The man gladly received his invitation. After buying the man several cups soft-drinks, Allen asked, “You are fishing there, right? May I know how much fish you have caught this morning?” “You are the number 8,” said the man humorously. 76.______ 77.______ 78.______ 79.______ 80.______ 81.______ 82.______ 83.______ 84.______ 85.______ 24 What should you do when your parents become angry? If your parents got mad, try to have a conversation with them about it. Remembering not to shout at them. They usually will try to change, but they will take some time because they get angry all their life, and that is all they know. You might have to change for your method a couple of times. Do any nice things for your parents that they don’t expect —`like cooking, doing the dishes, washing clothes, or clean the floors. If this doesn’t work, bring in friend that you feel comfortable, and have him or her help you. 76.________ 77.________ 78.________ 79._________ 80._________ 81._________ 82._________ 83._________ 84._________ 85._________ 25 In Feb. 2nd 1979, China’s Vice-premier Deng Xiaoping was at a visit to the U.S. He was in the space flight center near to Houston Texas. Sat in the pilot’s seat of a model of a space shuttle（航天飛機(jī)）,he was asked to touch a button to make it landing on the earth from a height of 95,000 feet, that he did. From windows of the craft, he could see the earth coming up to meet him as a returned space pilot would see it. Millions of people in both China and the US watch this on TV with delight. 76．_______ 77．_______ 78．_______ 79．_______ 80．_______ 81．_______ 82．_______ 83．_______ 84．_______ 85．_______ 26 Last Sunday I saw the worst storm in years. It came sudden and went on for over three hours. After lunch, I 1. _____ went into my room to have a rest. The air was hotter, and 2. _____ all is quiet. Then a strong wind started to blow into my