整地式播種機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)
整地式播種機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì),整地,播種機(jī),設(shè)計(jì)
整地播種機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)
摘要：整地式播種技術(shù)是一種集整地破土，施肥，播種，鎮(zhèn)壓為一體的農(nóng)業(yè)耕作機(jī)械設(shè)備，是我國(guó)實(shí)現(xiàn)農(nóng)業(yè)耕作現(xiàn)代化，大面積栽種，集成化的重要手段，2003年，我國(guó)在大范圍內(nèi)使用整地式播種機(jī)進(jìn)行種植的面積，產(chǎn)量居于世界領(lǐng)先行列，但是，目前我國(guó)自產(chǎn)的整地播種機(jī)，還存在一些缺陷，主要是旋耕刀容易磨損或者變形，播種穩(wěn)定性差，效率比較低。導(dǎo)致這一系列情況的主要因素是，由于使用的材料性能，結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)，整地旋耕刀滾與播種，鎮(zhèn)壓之間的速度與方式匹配不合理等因素造成。所以目前的主要任務(wù)是，如何提高整地式播種技術(shù)的運(yùn)用，改善其結(jié)構(gòu)方式，提高其工作效率等，幾個(gè)方面進(jìn)行改進(jìn)，才能取得更好的耕種效果。提高機(jī)械化用于生產(chǎn)中，是相對(duì)來(lái)說(shuō)比較有效的方式，所以這就要求，各種性能先進(jìn)，種植效率較高，通用性廣泛以及適應(yīng)性強(qiáng)，基本結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單，易于加工制造與維護(hù)的整地式播種機(jī)，能夠不斷被設(shè)計(jì)出來(lái)，并且能夠得到大力的推廣，與應(yīng)用當(dāng)中。相對(duì)類似產(chǎn)品來(lái)說(shuō)整地式播種機(jī)，其結(jié)構(gòu)比較簡(jiǎn)單，工作相對(duì)可靠，效率比較高，而且不容易傷到種子。目前在國(guó)內(nèi)外，正快速發(fā)展并且逐漸在農(nóng)業(yè)中得到廣泛的使用。本設(shè)計(jì)的研究目標(biāo)是：尋求一種最佳的整地式整地模式，能夠在生產(chǎn)效率，可靠性，便于操作性，降低制造成本等方面綜合考慮，改進(jìn)我國(guó)傳統(tǒng)整地機(jī)械的缺陷，得到一種具備市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力以及技術(shù)創(chuàng)新性的整地式播種機(jī)。只有綜合性能優(yōu)越，各機(jī)構(gòu)之間匹配合理才能使得整地播種機(jī)取得新的突破。
關(guān)鍵詞：整地；播種機(jī)；傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)；
Design of tillage seeder
Abstract: Ploughing planting technology is a collection of ground breaking soil preparation, fertilization, planting, suppression of farming machinery and equipment, is the realization of agriculture modernization in our country, large area planted, integrated important means, in 2003, our country on a larger scale using soil preparation type seeder for planting area, yield one of the world's leading ranks, but at present our country produced the soil preparation of seeder, there are still some defects, mainly is the rotary tillage blade wear and tear or deformation, poor stability, sowing efficiency is low. Lead to this a series of case is the main factor, due to the use of material properties, structure design, site preparation rotary knife roll and sowing, suppress the speed and mode matching between the unreasonable factors such as. So the main task of the current is, how to improve the use of the site preparation type planting technology, improve its structure, improve the work efficiency and so on, several aspects to improve, to achieve better effect of farming. Improve mechanization for production, is a relatively effective way, so it requires, advanced performance, high efficiency, wide commonality and strong adaptability, basic simple structure, easy manufacture and maintenance of soil preparation type seeder, constantly were designed, and the ability to get a promotion, and application. Soil preparation type seeder compared with similar products, its structure is simple, relatively reliable, work efficiency is higher, and it is not easy to hurt the seeds. At present, both at home and abroad is rapid development and gradually has been widely used in agriculture. This design research goal is: to seek a best mode of no-till soil preparation type, can in the production efficiency, reliability, easy operation, lower manufacturing cost, etc, comprehensive consideration, to improve the defects of traditional no-till machinery in our country, have a soil preparation have market competitiveness and technological innovation type seeder. Only the comprehensive performance is superior, the reasonable matching between the agencies to make a new breakthrough in soil preparation machine
Key words:Site preparation; Drill; The transmission system
目錄
1 緒論 5
1.1 課題背景以及科學(xué)意義 5
1.2 整地式播種機(jī)的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀 6
1.2.1國(guó)內(nèi)整地式播種機(jī)的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀 6
1.2.2國(guó)外整地式播種機(jī)的現(xiàn)狀 7
1.3 整地播種機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)的主要內(nèi)容 8
2 總體設(shè)計(jì) 8
2.1 總體方案設(shè)計(jì) 8
2.1.1 設(shè)計(jì)原則 8
2.1.2 基本結(jié)構(gòu) 8
2.1.3 工作原理 9
2.1.4播種機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)圖 10
2.2 拖拉機(jī)的選用 11
3 傳動(dòng)方案的確定 12
4 播種器的設(shè)計(jì) 12
4.1 播種器整體結(jié)構(gòu)圖 12
4.2 種箱結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)的設(shè)計(jì) 13
4.2.1 種箱的外形設(shè)計(jì) 13
4.3 排種槽輪的設(shè)計(jì) 13
4.3.1 整地式播種機(jī)對(duì)排種器的性能要求 14
4.3.2 現(xiàn)有排種器的類型以及特點(diǎn) 14
5. 鎮(zhèn)壓輪的設(shè)計(jì) 14
5.1 鎮(zhèn)壓輪的使用條件 14
5.2 設(shè)計(jì)要求 15
5.3 結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 15
5.4 鎮(zhèn)壓輪主要技術(shù)參數(shù)的確定 15
5.4.1鎮(zhèn)壓輪幅寬尺寸的確定 15
5.4.2 鎮(zhèn)壓輪直徑尺寸確定 16
6 排肥器的選型設(shè)計(jì) 16
6.1 排肥器的性能要求 16
6.2 常用排肥器的種類以及特點(diǎn) 17
6.3 排肥量的計(jì)算 17
7 輸種管的選型設(shè)計(jì) 18
7.1 輸種管的性能要求 18
7.2 輸種管的選型 18
7.3 輸種管參數(shù)的確定 18
7.3.1 輸種管的直徑 18
7.3.2 輸種管使用的傾斜度與導(dǎo)管長(zhǎng)度 19
8 旋耕刀滾的設(shè)計(jì) 19
8.1 旋耕深度的確定 19
8.2 旋耕刀滾直徑 19
8.3 旋耕刀滾轉(zhuǎn)速 20
8.4 機(jī)組作業(yè)時(shí)功率分配的計(jì)算 20
參 考 文 獻(xiàn) 21
設(shè)計(jì)總結(jié) 21
致謝 22
附錄 23
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