高考英語Unit 1 Great scientists 新人教版必修5

.核心單詞識(shí)記思考運(yùn)用一、單詞拼寫1.(2015新課標(biāo)全國，完形)As a parent，I hated seeing my daughter playing her best，but still _ (打敗).2.*(2015天津，6)Jane cant _ (參加) the meeting at 3 oclock this afternoon because she will be teaching a class at that time.defeatedattend3.He was wrongly _ (懷疑) of the crime.4.(2015北京，閱讀C)The real _ (挑戰(zhàn)) is preventing light from scattering.5.(2015福建，24)The failure was a big blow to him，but he wasnt discouraged and soon got as _ (熱情的) as ever.suspectedchallengeenthusiastic二、用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.(2015新課標(biāo)全國，短文改錯(cuò))Unfortunately，with the development of industrialization，the environment has been _ (pollute).2.(2014安徽，閱讀E)An excellent example is an Ashoka project started in 1995 in Dhaka，which _ (handle) the rubbish problem facing the city.3.(2014湖北，28)Instead of _ (blame) the child who had broken the vase，she gave him a tolerant smile and let him go.4.(2015四川，閱讀D)And the more birds are _ (expose) to light，the more active they are at night.5.*He _ (move) to Beijing in 1988 and the _ (move) proved to be important to the further development of his career. pollutedhandledblamingexposedmovedmovement6.*The old man often _ (instruct) us how to behave well in public and his _ (instruct) has made a deep impression on us.7.After he grew up to be a _ (science)，he liked to do _ (science) experiments to test his ideas.8.*The teacher _ (conclude) from the evidence that she was wrong.And his _ (conclude) proved to be right.9.*The writer personally _ (contribute)￥5，000 to the earthquake fund.All the _ (contribute) will be gratefully received.10.*Many factories have been _ (construct) in our city since last year，and a power station is under _ (construct) in the south. instructsinstructionscientistscientificconcludedconclusioncontributedcontributionsconstructedconstruction三、開心詞場From the scientific analysis，the experts who attended the meeting concluded that it was really a challenge to cure these infected patients.They announced they would be positive and enthusiastic about making contributions to it.And they were determined to defeat the virus.【聯(lián)想積累】“參加，參與”家族attend v.參加join v.加入，參加；join in參加，加入participate v.參加，參與；participate in參與，參加take part in參加，參與活動(dòng)sit for 參加(考試等)attach oneself to 參與后綴-sion構(gòu)成的抽象名詞集錦admission準(zhǔn)許進(jìn)入；承認(rèn)conclusion 結(jié)論；結(jié)束confusion 混亂expression 詞語；表達(dá)方式oppression 壓迫；壓制permission 允許profession 職業(yè)；專業(yè)revision 修正；復(fù)習(xí)高頻詞鏈條movement n.移動(dòng)；運(yùn)動(dòng)；動(dòng)作move vt.& vi.移動(dòng)construct vt.建設(shè)；修建construction n.建設(shè)；建筑物contribute vt.& vi.捐獻(xiàn)；貢獻(xiàn)；捐助contribution n.貢獻(xiàn)conclude vt.& vi.結(jié)束；推斷出conclusion n.結(jié)論；結(jié)束instruct vt.命令；指示；教導(dǎo)instruction n.指示；命令；(pl.) 用法； 說明；操作指南instructive adj.有教育意義的；有啟發(fā)的 .重點(diǎn)短語識(shí)記思考運(yùn)用一、補(bǔ)全短語1.lead _通向，導(dǎo)致2.make _講得通；有意義3.put _提出；將提前4.*expose._使顯露；暴露5.link._.將和聯(lián)系或連接起來6.*apart _除之外；此外tosenseforwardtotofrom二、短語填空1.It is said that a cigarette end _ the forest fire.2.Well _ the matter first before coming to a decision.3.A suitable answer has already _ by the chairman.4.It does not _ to buy that expensive coat when these are cheaper.apart from；lead to；look into；put forward；link.to；be strict in；make some sense；draw a conclusionled tolook intobeen put forwardmake any sense5.*He is easy to get along with._ that，he is a determined boy.6.She is kind，but she _ my study.7.The television camera was _ a computer.8.From what is said above，we can _ that computers are more a blessing than a disaster.Apart fromis strict inlinked todraw a conclusion【聯(lián)想積累】“動(dòng)詞n.to”必備短語集錦add.to 增添；增加compare.to 把比作devote.to 把專用于；貢獻(xiàn)給expose.to使顯露；暴露supply.to 供應(yīng)給“除之外”必備短語一覽apart from/aside from除之外，根據(jù)上下文的不同，可以分別相當(dāng)于besides，except或except for。in addition to除之外(還，也) ，常與also，more，other等連用。except for除以外，其后所跟的詞往往與前面的不是同一類的，是指整體中除去的一個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)或某一方面。 .經(jīng)典句式識(shí)記思考運(yùn)用1.To prevent this from happening again，John Snow _ the source of all the water supplies _.為防止這種情況再度發(fā)生，約翰斯諾建議所有水源都要經(jīng)過檢測(cè)。I suggest _(我們等) a day or two.He suggested to the committee _ _(他們應(yīng)該推遲做決定). suggested thatbe examinedthat we (should) waitthat they (should) delay making adecision2.He did not want to be attacked by the Christian Church，so he only published it _ in 1543.他不想遭到基督教會(huì)的攻擊，所以他直到1543年臨終前才公布了這一觀點(diǎn)。_(當(dāng)他還是個(gè)小學(xué)生的時(shí)候)，he showed every sign of genius.I was coming in _(他正出去時(shí)). as he lay dyingAs he was a schoolboyas he was going out【聯(lián)想積累】suggest后接賓語從句小結(jié)suggest 后接賓語從句時(shí)，從句謂語既可用陳述語氣，也可用虛擬語氣，其區(qū)別與 suggest所表示的意思有關(guān)：(1)若suggest 表示“建議”，則其后接的 that 從句謂語通常用“(should)動(dòng)詞原形”這樣的虛擬語氣形式。(2)若suggest 表示“暗示，意指，表明”等，則其后接的 that 從句要用陳述語氣。 .單元語法識(shí)記思考運(yùn)用過去分詞作定語和表語用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Please remain _ (seat)，the winner of the prize will be announced soon.2.When you leave the office，make sure all the doors are _ (lock).3.The players _ (select) from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game.4.A letter _ (send) by airmail should arrive sooner than the one sent by regular mail.5.Dont use words，expressions or phrases _ (know) only to people with specific knowledge. seatedlockedselectedsentknown【學(xué)法點(diǎn)撥】過去分詞作定語修飾名詞的兩種位置：前位修飾：單獨(dú)一個(gè)過去分詞作定語時(shí)，一般放在被修飾的名詞之前。后位修飾：分詞短語要放在被修飾的名詞之后。作表語的過去分詞，被動(dòng)意味很弱，主要表示動(dòng)作的完成和狀態(tài)。此時(shí)的過去分詞相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞，后常不跟 by 短語。單 詞 點(diǎn) 睛1.conclude vt.& vi.斷定；推斷；使結(jié)束，終止；達(dá)成；締結(jié)高考例句(2013浙江，9)When the group discussion is nearing its end，make sure to conclude it with important points.當(dāng)小組討論即將結(jié)束的時(shí)候，要注意確保用要點(diǎn)來總結(jié)討論內(nèi)容。 (1)conclude.with.就某事與某人達(dá)成協(xié)議；以結(jié)束conclude sth from.從推斷出to conclude最后(2)arrive at/come to/draw/make/reach a conclusion得出結(jié)論in conclusion總之；最后單句語法填空/完成句子So what can we conclude _ this debate?那么從這場辯論中我們能得出什么結(jié)論？_，she wished her comrades every success in their work.最后她祝同志們工作順利。寫作佳句 Let me _ a saying：where there is a will，there is a way.讓我用一句諺語結(jié)束我的演講：有志者，事竟成。答案fromTo conclude/In conclusionconclude my speech with 2.attend vt.照顧；護(hù)理；出席；參加；上學(xué)教材原句John Snow was a famous doctor in Londonso expert，indeed，that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician.約翰斯諾是倫敦一位著名的醫(yī)生他的確醫(yī)術(shù)精湛，因而成為照料維多利亞女王的私人醫(yī)生。 attend school/class/church上學(xué)/上課/做禮拜attend to sb/sth專心，留意，傾聽某人/某事；處理，對(duì)付；照料，關(guān)懷a(bǔ)ttend on/upon sb照料、服侍某人單句語法填空/完成句子The main thing is to attend _ the injured.首要任務(wù)是照顧傷者。The meeting will _ (attend) by finance ministers from many countries.很多國家的財(cái)政部長將出席會(huì)議。寫作佳句He has a great deal _ today.他今天有許多事要處理。答案to/onbe attendedto attend to 3.expose vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光教材原句But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.但當(dāng)他一想到要幫助(那些)受到霍亂威脅的普通百姓，他就感到很振奮。 expose.to使顯露；暴露be exposed to暴露于，處于危險(xiǎn)中expose sth to sb向某人揭發(fā)某事expose sb to sth使某人接觸到某物單句語法填空/完成句子These units exposed children _ many viewpoints of a given issue.這些單元讓孩子們接觸到有關(guān)某一特定問題的多種觀點(diǎn)。This liquid is not to _ air，for it will soon evaporate.這種液體不能暴露在空氣中，因?yàn)樗鼤?huì)很快蒸發(fā)掉。 寫作佳句That you _ the sunlight for too long will be harmful to your skin._ the sunlight for too long will be harmful to your skin._ the sunlight for too long will be harmful to your skin.你長時(shí)間暴曬于陽光下會(huì)對(duì)你皮膚有傷害。答案tobe exposed toare exposed to；Being exposed to；Exposing yourself to 4.cure n.治愈；痊愈 vtvt. .治愈；治療教材原句Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.人們既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治療方法。a cure for.針對(duì)的治療(法)cure sb/a disease 治療好某人/治療(治愈)某種疾病cure sb of sth治愈某人的疾病/改掉某人的惡習(xí)等單句語法填空/完成句子There is still no cure _ a cold.尚沒有治療感冒的特效藥。She still believed that somehow she could _ (cure).她仍然相信或許自己的病會(huì)得以治愈。Now doctors believe they _ the disease.現(xiàn)在醫(yī)生們確信已經(jīng)治好了他的病。答案forbe curedhave cured him of 一言辨異After he was treated by the famous doctor，his wound healed soon and he was said to be cured in a week.他經(jīng)過這位著名的醫(yī)生治療后，他的傷不久就愈合了，據(jù)說一周后就痊愈了。易混辨析cure意為“治愈”，常指治療疾病、痛苦或改正惡習(xí)、弊害等，側(cè)重結(jié)果；可構(gòu)成cure sb of sth結(jié)構(gòu)treat意為“治療”，強(qiáng)調(diào)治療的過程；常用treat sb for sth結(jié)構(gòu)heal意為“(使)愈合，治愈”，指治愈傷口5.absorb vt.吸收；吸引；使專心；并入；合并教材原句The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.第二種看法是人們?cè)诔燥埖臅r(shí)候把這種病毒引入體內(nèi)的。(1)absorb ones attention吸引某人注意absorb.from.從中吸收(2)absorbed adj.聚精會(huì)神的；專心致志的，極感興趣的be absorbed by/into 被吞并，被所吸收be absorbed in 全神貫注于單句語法填空/完成句子Plants absorb carbon dioxide _ the air and moisture _ the soil.植物從空氣中吸收二氧化碳并從土壤中汲取水分。_ (absorb) in writing a letter，he didnt even look up when I came in.他在聚精會(huì)神地寫信，當(dāng)我進(jìn)來時(shí)他連頭都沒有抬。寫作佳句Because Tom was buried/lost in his work，he simply forgot food and sleep.Because Tom _ his work，he simply forgot food and sleep.湯姆專心于工作，幾乎忘記了吃飯和睡覺。答案from；fromAbsorbedwas absorbed in 特別提示：表示“全神貫注”的常見短語還有：be lost in，be buried in，fix/focus ones attention on，devote.to，concentrate ones mind on，apply oneself to，be addicted to等。6.blame vt.責(zé)備；譴責(zé)；歸咎于n.過失；責(zé)備教材原句It seemed that the water was to blame.看來水是罪魁禍?zhǔn)住?1)blame sb for (doing) sth因(做)某事而責(zé)備某人blame sth on sb把某事歸咎于某人be to blame (for.)應(yīng)承擔(dān)責(zé)任；該受責(zé)備(用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義)(2)accept/bear/take the blame for.對(duì)某事負(fù)責(zé)；承擔(dān)責(zé)任put/lay the blame for sth on sb把某事的責(zé)任推到某人身上單句語法填空/完成句子Many children are afraid of _ (blame) for failing the exam.許多孩子害怕因考試不及格而受責(zé)備。She didnt blame her fathers death _ anyone.她沒有把父親的死歸咎于任何人。寫作佳句He blamed _ the teacher.He blamed _ the failure of his exam.He _ the failure of his exam on the teacher.他把考試失敗歸咎于老師。答案being blamedonthe failure of his exam on；the teacher for；put/laid the blame for 短 語 點(diǎn) 撥1.put forward提出(建議)；推薦；將提前；將(鐘表等)向前撥高考例句(2015湖北，書面表達(dá))After the questions being put forward one by one，our actions go further and further，until we get a good command of it at last.一個(gè)又一個(gè)的問題被提出后，我們的行動(dòng)才能走得越來越遠(yuǎn)，直到我們最后完全掌握。put aside 節(jié)??；儲(chǔ)蓄；儲(chǔ)存；留出put away 放好；積蓄put off 延期；推遲put out 熄滅；生產(chǎn)put up 舉起；張貼；建立；提供食宿put up with 容忍；忍受ut through 接通電話；完成；使經(jīng)受寫出下列句子中put forward的含義(2013新課標(biāo)全國，9)It may not be a great suggestion.But before a better one is put forward，well make do with it.The hi-tech has put forward our production this year.My watch was slow，so I put it forward three minutes.She was put forward as an advanced worker.答案提出推進(jìn)，提前將向前撥 推薦 2.make sense講得通；有意義教材原句Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.只有當(dāng)你把太陽放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的運(yùn)動(dòng)才能說得清楚。(1)make sense of 理解；明白make no sense 沒道理；沒意義(2)in a sense 在某一方面；就某種意義來說in no sense 決不(位于句首時(shí)用部分倒裝)(3)There is no/little sense in doing sth 做某事沒道理單句語法填空/完成句子Can you make sense _ what this American is saying?你聽得懂這個(gè)美國人在說些什么嗎？It _ to work on the problem before it gets out of control.在失控前致力于解決這個(gè)問題，這么做是明智的。寫作佳句_ about the future.為將來的事情擔(dān)憂是毫無意義的。答案ofmakes senseTheres no sense in worrying 句 式 透 析 1.教材原句So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.每次爆發(fā)(霍亂)時(shí)，都有大批驚恐的百姓病死。(1)作連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句的名詞短語有：every time，each time，any time，next time，the first time，the moment，the instant，the second，the minute，the hour，the day等。(2)有些副詞，如directly，instantly，immediately等也可引導(dǎo)狀語從句。(3)關(guān)聯(lián)從屬連詞no sooner.than，hardly/scarcely/barely.when等也能引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。如果no sooner，hardly/ scarcely/barely位于句首，從句要用倒裝語序。單句語法填空/完成句子She let out a cry _ moment she saw the snake.她一看到蛇就叫了起來。_，I felt very excited.我第一次聽到他提出的計(jì)劃時(shí)，感到很興奮。寫作佳句_，our brains imitate it.每次我們看到別人做某件事情時(shí)，我們的大腦就會(huì)模仿。答案theThe first time I heard the plan he put forwardEvery/Each time we see someone else do something 2.教材原句Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.只有當(dāng)你把太陽放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的運(yùn)動(dòng)才能說得清楚。 (1)only if只有，只要，引導(dǎo)的狀語從句在句首時(shí)，主句要用倒裝語序。(2)if only但愿，要是就好了，引導(dǎo)的狀語從句使用虛擬語氣，表達(dá)對(duì)現(xiàn)在、將來的愿望或與過去事實(shí)相反的愿望。單句語法填空/完成句子Only then _ she realize how much damage had been caused.到了那時(shí)她才意識(shí)到造成的損失有多大。The pills might have cured him，if only he _ (take) them regularly.他要是按時(shí)服用這些藥丸，他的病本來是可能治得好的。寫作佳句_ cooperate and work well.人們只有相互信任才能很好地合作和工作。答案didhad takenOnly if people trust each other can they