支架工藝設(shè)計及鏜孔夾具設(shè)計-L形支架
喜歡就充值下載吧。。資源目錄里展示的文件全都有，，請放心下載，，有疑問咨詢QQ:414951605或者1304139763 ======================== 喜歡就充值下載吧。。資源目錄里展示的文件全都有，，請放心下載，，有疑問咨詢QQ:414951605或者1304139763 ========================
畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）
類 型：
□畢業(yè)設(shè)計說明書 □畢業(yè)論文
題 目：
數(shù)控雕刻機特點外文翻譯
學(xué)生姓名：
指導(dǎo)教師：
專 業(yè)：
時 間：
Numerical Control Carving Machine
It is satisfied labor of craftsman with high intelligence of mankind and high technical ability that carvings process, the contemporary carvings manufacturing technique is experiencing the change that carves from the handicraft to carve toward CNC. This text compares to related the CNC computer carvings machine and numbers to control the miller, process the machine structure of the center, control the system and apply the software relation of etc. in details, and introduced the usage Master CAM etc. the software carries on the CAM plait distance, carving the craft that the machine processes a chip of molding tool in the computer. The CNC computer carvings machine have the bigger development in the domestic in the last few years most , having the word of the machine of Carve the miller early very much abroad( the CNC Engraving And Milling Machine). Speak strictly, the Carvings is a part of the miller process , the traditional number controls the miller, CNC to process the center power big, process the efficiency high, the tool machine stability is better, but processes the copper, aluminum...etc. to exist to process for soft material hour the clean degree of surface is low and processes the efficiency low etc. weakness, but the high-speed CNC process although the center can overcome the above weakness, the price is expensive, the general factory house is unbearable. Control the equipments to compare with the traditional CNC number, the CNC computer carvings machine has to become soon high and process the soft material efficiency high, the clean degree of surface is high, sex price compares high etc. advantage A the CNC computer carvings machine and numbers control the Miller and process the central contrast
1. Machine part. The machine of the in general use tool machine all is divided into two parts generally: Namely move part and not move part, work set, the principal axis skateboard etc. for move part, bed body, base, sign the pillar etc. for move the part not.
(1) The number controls the Miller, CNC to process the center. The number controls the Miller, CNC to process the center of move the part and move the part not rigid all have very high request, therefore can carry on heavy slice to pare. But because of moving the part equally huge, sacrificed the tool machine vivid, for slice to pare smelly and enter quickly to seem to be to lack the ability to do.
(2) The machine of Carve the miller move part of rigid requests to also want to be good possibly not, but move the part rigid to then want with vivid for ex-, to design possibly agile and some, certainly keep at the same time rigid. The such design CNC computer carvings machine can carry on smaller process, processing the accuracy higher, can carry on high speed's process for soft metals, but because of moving the part rigid worse, so impossibly carry on heavy slice to pare. So how ascend to solve to move parts of weights from the machine structure again light, rigid again good of antinomy, the key lies in the effort of the machine structure.
The here can adopt the following method:
1) The super breadth of the design adoption signs the pillar and horizontal beams, because the structure of the Dragon gate type have best symmetry and very good rigid, it is the head that the high speed slices to pare the equipments to choose the structure. Compared with the traditional C type bed body structure, the bed body of a form of Dragon gate is rigid and higher, being subjected to the dint average, the work piece only at a stalk to ambulation, each sport stalk and opposite and inertial and low, design the tightly packed nicety, insure high and rigid, high accuracy and high dynamic state characteristic. The horizontal beam of the tool machine can adopt to tilt to one side 30 degrees structure, make the principal axis saddle of backward square ambulation of center of gravity, and make the horizontal beam lead the track to be apart from as far as possible enlargement, raise the stability of the principal axis consumedly thus and rigid. Because sign the quantity of the pillar far be far larger than the principal axis etc. moves the parts of quantity, so for high-speed sport and principal axis of tool machine of high-speed the operation and burden sliced to pare to provide the solid guarantee.
2) The base adoption casts iron the whole foundry but becomes, adopting a structure of high and low Plank material match, or direct adoption beehive of conterminous inside hexangular net structure, the base must have the certain weight with the increment stability of the tool machine, such the high and rigid base design can insure the stability to fix the work pedestal and sign the pillar and saddles, the principal axis etc. the ambulation the rigid support of the parts, make the tool machine dynamic state process best, the whole route of travel scope inside prop up to sign the pillar completely, make process output transform the quantity least.
3) Having for the ambulation part to control with the number the different place that the Miller shows is to widen a lot of lead the track with lead the track of the distances of, to overcome the problems of the bad dint.
Because tool machine of rigid mainly used for overcome to move the part at the high speed move lead the track, the silk pole to have a little bit thick request towards moving the part not of strong impact, so, and strengthen the conjunction part rigid, end, slice the dual request for pare for the sake of the orientation high speed and burden, the X/ Y/ Z three stalks all adopt the servo electrical engineering to add the high accuracy flexible stalk stanza to link the high accuracy to roll the bead silk , all high-quality products that lead the track and the silk to all adopt the hard layer of low coefficient of friction, high of grade, since guarantee heavy carry tool machine of rigid, and then guaranteed the high speed the accuracy of the sport, insure the tool machine to process the appearance at the long-term continuous high speed under of low wear away to keep sex with accuracy, the maintenance that saves the customer maintains the expenses.
5) Control the Miller and CNC to process the center for the number, because request to output low turn to twist the soon and greatly, so the certain demand principal axis become soon the deceleration of the box compares to promote the torque, so become soon low is ineluctable, the general number controls the Miller and CNC to process the center tallest to turn soon 6000 r/ min, so not big may use very the knife of the lesser half path have. But carve the machine to the CNC to say, the principal axis is usually and just can work in the 2-30,000 r/ min, turning round the accuracy general are or so, break the knife phenomenon and would be very serious otherwise, so must use to give or get an electric shock the principal axis or spirits to move the principal axis, namely the electrical engineering and principal anises are an integral whole of, and the fixed plank of the principal axis generally all adopt the metal alloy aluminum etc. light quality material. Slice to pare the equipments for the high speed to speak, request to be inside the hide type electricity principal axis, and at low turn soon also want to use to certainly twist, to have the illegitimate profit cooling machine to keep the principal axis work temperature to settle, the principal axis power want to be above 7.5-8 kW, turning to want soon over the 25000 r/ min.
2. The number controls the part
The number controls the Miller , CNC to process the center logarithms to control the system to request the speed general, the principal axis turn soon the 0-6000 r/ min is or so. But the Crave the miller is confidential to beg the number of the high speed to control the system and best servo electrical engineering characteristics, the principal axis turn soon the 3000-40000 r/ min is or so. Now of high-speed the number controls the system, operating the terrace to all have to raise very greatly for the Windows, its functions generally, not only process the high speed, steady, and can with domestic and international various carvings machine, process the center and permit the usage plait distance software, direct support the Master CAM waits various codes of G with born software of CAD/ CAM. The number controls the system to have at the same time as follows function:
(1) Auto to knife function: Look for the center, side Cape, depth automatically. The accuracy is very high, solving the molding tool to seek the positive hard nut to crack.
(2) Auto/ move to process: Support The instruction of G of the standard of ISO, also support passing the tool machine input device, if hold the equipments etc. manipulates the tool machine, at the same time inside a support of passes the calculator input device, if the keyboard, mouse completes to move the operation.
(3) Increase the quantity enters to and enter on-line adjustment function to magnification: The accurate enactment of convenient customer enters to the quantity, and tread long and enter to the magnification can vivid adjustment.
(4) The customer data importation (MDI) function: Customer can with on-line lose the instruction of A G to combine the summary execution.
(5) The list treads the mode: Customer can want to carry out of process the mission constitution to tread the mode for the list, thus examine a patient and broke down the instauration to provide the good support for the mistake.
(6) The high-speed smooth speed conjunction characteristic: Decide current instruction and next instructions to link up the speed from the orientation ground. Not only raised to process the efficiency consumedly, but also improved to process the function, removed to stay at process the surface of speed connects the knife trace.
(7) Three paces of imitate to show the function: Pass the simple operation can observe three paces to process the result from the each angle, thus can with more accurate, even keep the view of have the understanding towards processing the result.
(8) Imitate the true function: Can imitate to really process towards processing the procedure to carry on quickly, the ability completes in catty time, checking to process whether procedure come amiss or not at the same time, process result whether satisfaction, and can compute time that need when physically process accurately.
3. Weave the distance software
(1) Diverse two spaces of designs
Current carvings software such as Type4, provided the strong sketch to establish, edit, compose type the function, the precision paints to paint the function with art, strong word processing function. Have the variety arbitrarily curvilinear art writing arranges the result, the matrix and sizes adjust and edit arbitrarily;
The strong node edits the function, can fix the whole partial shape of outline quickly and at random.
(2) Vivid three spaces of designs
Type4 etc. floats the strong function that the Cravings carvings software provides the convenience and is produced three models of space by two sketches of space fastly, float the Cravings, complicated curved face from the art that two spaces of curves construct the strong art result, and float art the Cravings and the curved face shapes are perfect to combine, the complicated carvings product of creation appearance that make. Can also the direct export two spaces , three knifes of spaces have the path, the knife had to provide in the path thick process, the half process, the process and the knife have the path to imitate true etc. function.
(3) The strong CAD shape design
Master CAM etc. the CAD/ CAM molding tool design and the manufacturing softwares are a machine to process the profession currently widely for usage and very successful software, not only have the precision to draw two spaces and three the functions of the sketches of space, return can produce the strong functions, such as curved face and the entity model...etc. from here, but also have to have the path to the direct establishment knife of sketch, curved face, the entity model, pass to imitate the knife to have the path verification NC program, input the CNC computer carvings machine and count to control the tool machine from the calculator to processed strong function that complete the work piece.
(4) The convenient data exchanges the function
Of the software can carry on two and three conversions of the data of space directly.
The CNC carvings machine and CNCs process the center similar to number control the Miller, it processes the foundation is a calculator assistance design data. This is the key place that carves the function of CAD. Currently at home and abroad the computer that compares the forerunner carves the function of the software each has his own strong point. Speak up from the angle of the software, count to control the Miller , CNC to process the center, the CNC carvings machines can use the software of CAD/ CAM of the standard, such as the Pro/ ENGINEER, Master CAM, Cimarron, UG etc. Produce medium, usually make use of the Pro/ ENGINEER, Master CAM etc. forerunner of the CAD/ CAM software forerunner goes the 3 D sketch design of the product, then draft number to control to process the craft according to the characteristics design of the product, inputting to process the parameter, the born knife have the path, born process the procedure and transport the number to control the control system of the tool machine to carry on automation's process. Produce physically medium, we made use of the CNC computer carvings machine that my school by oneself design well, transporting the procedure of CAM that the Master CAM draw up to the control system of the carvings machine to process the copper electrode and the small scaled steel pieces of the molding tool, turning because of the carvings machine to be up to the 40000 r/ min soon, enter is also very high for rate, raised to process the efficiency and quantities consumedly.
Four stalk computer carvings machines of the figure 1 CNC
4. The knife database changes the knife automatically and full-automatic to knife
Process the center is for completing various work prefaces in the automatic appearance of number control the equipments, mainly is for some production homework of fixed large quantity. But for the molding tool profession and small batch quantity produce unit never on every occasion process the center up, a lot of factories house buys to process the center to be the number to control the Miller to use. The cost that uses the knife database logarithms to control the system comes up to speak easy, but principal axis and knife database, get empty to press the machine and various knife handle etc. and will increase the cost, and weave the distance and adjust the knife database to also want to cost homologous time. So, don't do not use to process the center as far as possible to 12100 works piece for same species of volume of production, the cost is high, the efficiency is low. Can use full-automatic to the knifes system, knife upwards on pack, a button, the tool machine auto to knife, process directly, the error margin is in 0.001 s. 0003 mms inside, with change time automatically to compare, slowly not a lot of. If is to process the center, but have no auto to the tool machine that knife equip with not carry knife the database, but have automatically compare to the tool machine that knife equip, practice medium of efficiency the latter far high in the former. For the local manufacturing industry, especially the molding tool produces the business enterprise to say, generally are all the single piece produce, and the labor force resources is ample, so, process for the small batch quantity industry spare parts, want to be well the exploitation of consider the funds value, don't adopt to process the center equipments frequently. The knife database of the much less and local factory house still exists a lot of problems basically.
數(shù)控雕刻機
數(shù)控雕刻機是滿意與人類和高技能，高智能的工匠雕刻過程中的勞動，當(dāng)代雕刻制造技術(shù)正經(jīng)歷著變化，雕刻的工藝品雕刻向數(shù)控。本文比較相關(guān)的CNC電腦雕刻機和數(shù)字控制銑床，加工中心的機械結(jié)構(gòu)，控制系統(tǒng)和應(yīng)用軟件等的關(guān)系，并介紹了使用Master CAM等軟件進行CAM編程，雕刻工藝，機加工芯片模具的計算機。CNC電腦雕刻機有更大的發(fā)展在國內(nèi)在最近幾年，有機器的字刻米勒早期非常外（數(shù)控雕銑機）。嚴(yán)格地說，雕刻的是米勒過程的一部分，傳統(tǒng)的數(shù)控銑床，數(shù)控加工中心的功率大，加工效率高，機床穩(wěn)定性較好，但工藝的銅，鋁的存在……等軟材料時的表面清潔度低和過程效率低等缺點的過程，但高速數(shù)控加工中心雖然可以克服以上缺點，價格昂貴，一般廠家難以承受?？刂圃O(shè)備，與傳統(tǒng)數(shù)控數(shù)比較，CNC電腦雕刻機已很快成為高和過程的軟質(zhì)材料的效率高，表面清潔度高，性價比高等優(yōu)點，一個CNC電腦雕刻機和數(shù)字控制銑床和加工中心的對比。
1、機械零件。本雕刻機的通用工具機的所有機一般分為兩部分：即行動的一部分，沒有移動部分，工作臺，主軸滑板等運動部件，床身，底座，立柱等部分不動。
（1）數(shù)控銑床，數(shù)控加工中心。數(shù)控銑床，數(shù)控加工中心的移動部分和非剛性的移動部分都有很高的要求，因此可以進行重切削。但由于移動部分同樣巨大的損耗，機床的運動，為切削又快又迅速進入似乎沒有能力這樣做。
（2）機器雕刻剛性要求米勒移動部分也要很好的可能不是，但移動部分剛性則要用生動的前，設(shè)計可能靈活一些，保持一定的同時剛性。這樣設(shè)計的CNC電腦雕刻機可以進行小的過程，加工精度高，可以進行軟金屬高速度的過程，但由于移動部分的剛性差，所以不可能進行重切削。因此如何提升到移動部件的重量從機器的結(jié)構(gòu)又輕解決，剛性的矛盾又好，在機械結(jié)構(gòu)的努力是關(guān)鍵。
這里可以采取以下方法：
1）本機器的設(shè)計采用超寬的跡象的支柱和橫梁，因為龍門式結(jié)構(gòu)具有最佳的對稱性和很好的剛性，它是高速切削設(shè)備選擇結(jié)構(gòu)的頭。與傳統(tǒng)的C型床體結(jié)構(gòu)相比，形成的一種龍門床身剛性高，受力平均，只在一個軸移動工件，每個運動桿相對慣性低，設(shè)計緊湊的準(zhǔn)確，確保高剛性，高精度高動態(tài)特性。機床的水平梁可采用向一側(cè)傾斜30度的結(jié)構(gòu)，使重心向后廣場步行主軸鞍，使橫梁導(dǎo)軌距盡可能擴大，提高主軸的穩(wěn)定性和剛性大大因此。因為符號數(shù)量的支柱遠遠大于主軸等運動量的部分，所以高速運動和主的高速運行和負擔(dān)機床軸切削提供堅實的保障。
2）基座采用鑄鐵整體鑄造而成，采用高、低板材匹配結(jié)構(gòu)，或直接采用蜂窩結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)六角網(wǎng)相接，底座必須與機床的增量的穩(wěn)定性有一定的重量，這樣的高剛性基礎(chǔ)設(shè)計可以確保穩(wěn)定的固定工作臺、立柱、鞍，主軸等活動零件的剛性支撐，使機床的動態(tài)過程，整個行程范圍內(nèi)支撐立柱完全，使過程的輸出變換的數(shù)量至少。
3）具有移動部分與米勒顯示不同的地方是拓寬了很多導(dǎo)軌與鉛的距離的軌道的數(shù)量控制，克服壞力的問題。
4）由于剛性主要用于機床克服移動部分在高速移動導(dǎo)軌，絲桿有一點點厚要求對移動的部分不強烈的沖擊，因此，加強連接部分剛性，最終，切片雙重要求削減的方向的高速度和負擔(dān)的緣故，X / Y / Z三軸采用伺服電機加高精度柔性莖節(jié)的高精度滾珠絲連接，所有的高品質(zhì)的產(chǎn)品，領(lǐng)先的跟蹤和絲均采用低摩擦系數(shù)的硬層，高品位，從保證重載機床剛性，又保證了高速度的運動精度，確保機床加工的外觀在長期連續(xù)高速下的低磨損和精度保持性，維護，節(jié)省客戶的維護費用。
5）控制的銑床和數(shù)控加工中心的數(shù)量，因為要求輸出低轉(zhuǎn)扭快大，所以一定要求主軸很快成為盒子的減速將推動扭矩，所以很快成為低是不可避免的，一般的數(shù)控銑床和數(shù)控加工該中心的最高轉(zhuǎn)速6000 r/min，所以不大可能用非常小的刀有半路徑。但雕刻機數(shù)控說，主軸通常只能在2-30000 r/min，回轉(zhuǎn)精度一般左右，斷刀現(xiàn)象，會非常嚴(yán)重，否則，所以必須用電主軸或精神運動主軸，即電氣工程和主八角是一個整體，主軸的固定板一般都采用金屬合金鋁等輕質(zhì)材料。切削設(shè)備說高速，請求在隱藏式電主軸，在低轉(zhuǎn)速時也要用一定的扭曲，有不正當(dāng)利益的冷卻機保持主軸的工作溫度來解決，主軸功率想高達7500到千瓦，把要快25000 r/min以上。
2、控制部分
數(shù)控銑床，數(shù)控加工中心對數(shù)控系統(tǒng)要求的速度一般，主軸轉(zhuǎn)速0-6000 r/min左右。但渴望米勒是求高速數(shù)控系統(tǒng)的保密和最好的伺服電機的特點，主軸轉(zhuǎn)速3000-40000 r/min左右?，F(xiàn)在的高速數(shù)字控制系統(tǒng)，操作平臺都有很大提高的窗口，其功能一般，不僅處理高速，穩(wěn)定，可與國內(nèi)外各種雕刻機，加工中心和允許使用的編程軟件，直接支持主凸輪等G有天生的CAD / CAM軟件的各種代碼。數(shù)控系統(tǒng)同時具有如下功能：
（1）自動對刀功能：尋找中心，邊角，深度自動。精度非常高，解決了模具尋找積極的難題。
（2）自動/手動處理：支持ISO標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的G指令，也支持通過機床的輸入設(shè)備，如果持有設(shè)備等操縱機床，在里面的一個支持通過計算機輸入設(shè)備的同時，如鍵盤，鼠標(biāo)完成移動操作。
（3）增加的數(shù)量進入和進入在線調(diào)整功能放大：方便用戶準(zhǔn)確設(shè)定進入量，和毛坯長和進入放大可以靈活調(diào)整。
（4）客戶的數(shù)據(jù)輸入（MDI）功能：客戶可以在線失去一個G結(jié)合總結(jié)執(zhí)行指令。
（5）列表模型式：客戶可以要進行流程的任務(wù)構(gòu)成步列表的方式，從而檢查病人，打破了恢復(fù)提供良好支持的錯誤。
（6）高速平滑速度連詞的特點：決定當(dāng)前指令和下一指令聯(lián)系起來，從地面速度的方向。不僅提高了加工效率大大提高，而且處理功能，去除留在過程速度的表面連接的刀跡。
（7）三步的模擬顯示功能：通過簡單操作，可觀察到三步，從各個角度的結(jié)果的過程，從而可以更準(zhǔn)確，更直觀的對處理結(jié)果的理解。
（8）模擬真實的功能：可以模擬仿真過程對加工過程進行得很快，在一斤一次完成的能力，檢查過程中是否程序出錯或不同時，處理的結(jié)果是否滿意，并能計算的時間，需要在物理過程的準(zhǔn)確。
3.編程軟件
（1）不同的兩個空間的設(shè)計
目前的雕刻軟件如type4，建立，編輯所提供的強大的素描，排版功能，精度涂料與藝術(shù)的功能涂料，強大的文字處理功能。有多種寫作藝術(shù)安排任意曲線的結(jié)果，矩陣和大小調(diào)整和編輯任意；
強節(jié)點編輯功能，可以快速、整體的局部輪廓的形狀是隨機的。
（2）生動的三空間的設(shè)計
Type4等漂浮的強大功能，渴望雕刻軟件提供了方便和由兩個草圖空間快速產(chǎn)生三模型空間，浮動的渴望，復(fù)雜曲面的藝術(shù)，兩個空間的曲線構(gòu)造強烈的藝術(shù)效果，浮藝術(shù)的渴望和曲面形狀的完美結(jié)合，創(chuàng)造的外觀，使復(fù)雜的雕刻品。也可以直接出口的兩個空間，空間有三刀的刀必須提供路徑，路徑中的粗加工，半過程，過程和刀具路徑仿真等功能。
（3）強大的CAD造型設(shè)計
主凸輪等CAD／CAM模具設(shè)計和制造軟件是機械加工行業(yè)目前廣泛使用和非常成功的軟件，不僅具有精確繪制兩個空間，三空間的草圖功能，還可以產(chǎn)生強大的功能，如曲面和實體模型從這里……等，但也有草圖，直接建立了刀路徑曲面，實體模型，通過仿真刀有路徑驗證數(shù)控程序，輸入CNC電腦雕刻機，數(shù)控機床的加工功能強大的計算器，完成工作片。
（4）方便的數(shù)據(jù)交換的功能
該軟件可以進行兩個和三個空間數(shù)據(jù)直接轉(zhuǎn)換。
數(shù)控雕刻機、CNC加工中心數(shù)控銑床相似，這個過程的基礎(chǔ)是計算機輔助設(shè)計數(shù)據(jù)。這是關(guān)鍵的地方，雕CAD的功能。目前國內(nèi)外比較先進的雕刻軟件的各個功能的計算機都有自己的長處。說話，從軟件的角度，數(shù)控銑床，數(shù)控加工中心，數(shù)控雕刻機可以使用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的CAD / CAM軟件，如Pro /工程師，主凸輪，西馬侖，UG等生產(chǎn)中，通常利用Pro/Engineer，主人凸輪等先進的CAD / CAM軟件先進去產(chǎn)品的3 D草圖設(shè)計，然后制定數(shù)控加工工藝根據(jù)產(chǎn)品特性設(shè)計，輸入加工參數(shù)，刀具路徑的天生的，天生的工藝流程和運輸控制機床控制系統(tǒng)進行自動化的進程數(shù)。生產(chǎn)實際中，我們使用了CNC電腦雕刻機，我校自行設(shè)計好，輸送凸輪，Master CAM制定的雕刻機控制系統(tǒng)中的銅電極和小型鋼件的成型工具程序，將因為雕刻機是很快以40000 r/min，進入也是率很高，提高了加工效率和數(shù)量大大。
4、刀庫的變化自動刀和全自動刀
加工中心是為了完成數(shù)控設(shè)備的自動外觀各工序，主要是固定的大量生產(chǎn)作業(yè)。但對于模具行業(yè)和小批量生產(chǎn)的單位不會每一次加工中心上，很多廠家購買過程的中心是控制銑床的使用次數(shù)。使用刀庫對數(shù)控系統(tǒng)的成本上來講很簡單，但主軸和刀庫，空壓機及各種刀柄等，將增加的成本，和編程和調(diào)整刀庫也要相應(yīng)的時間成本。因此，不要不使用加工中心盡可能的作品12100件為同一物種的生產(chǎn)量，成本高，效率低。可以使用自動系統(tǒng)的刀，刀上的包，一個按鈕，直接加工機床自動刀，，誤差在0.001 s內(nèi)0003彩信，更改時自動比較，慢慢的不是很多。如果是加工中心，但沒有自動刀配備不帶刀庫，機床，但自動比較，刀裝備機床，實踐中的效率遠高于前者后者。為當(dāng)?shù)氐闹圃鞓I(yè)，特別是模具生產(chǎn)企業(yè)來說，一般都是單件生產(chǎn)，和勞動力資源豐富，所以，對于小批量工業(yè)零件的過程中，要得到很好的開發(fā)考慮資金的時間價值，不采用加工中心設(shè)備頻繁。的要少得多，當(dāng)?shù)毓S的房子仍然存在很多問題基本上刀庫。
收藏