2017-2018學(xué)年高中英語 Unit 4 Pygmalion Section Ⅲ Grammar-過去分詞（短語）作狀語教學(xué)案 新人教版選修8

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1、 Unit 4 Pygmalion Section Ⅲ Grammar-過去分詞（短語）作狀語 語法圖解 探究發(fā)現(xiàn) ①Now once taught by me, she'd become an upper class lady ... ②But, sir, (proudly) once educated to speak properly, that girl could pass herself off in three months as a duchess at an ambassador's garden party. ③Although wounded al

2、l over, the brave soldiers continued to fight. ④Lost in the forest, you should first of all remain where you are, waiting for help to come. ⑤Seriously injured, he had to be taken to hospital. ⑥Followed by his wolf-dog, the hunter walked slowly in the forest. ⑦He was found lying on the ground, hi

3、s hands tied. [我的發(fā)現(xiàn)] (1)句①～⑥中的過去分詞分別在句中作條件狀語、條件狀語、讓步狀語、時(shí)間狀語、原因狀語和方式狀語。 (2)過去分詞表示被動(dòng)或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作。作狀語時(shí)，可以單獨(dú)使用，如句④、句⑤、句⑥；也可以在其前面加上適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞，如句①、句②和句③。 (3)過去分詞的邏輯主語必須與句子的主語保持一致，如果不一致，我們常在過去分詞前加上其邏輯主語，構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，如句⑦。 一、過去分詞(短語)作狀語 過去分詞(短語)表示被動(dòng)，表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成，其邏輯主語則為句子的主語。過去分詞作狀語時(shí)，可單獨(dú)使用，也可以在其前面加上適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞，可表示時(shí)間、條件、原因、

4、讓步、方式、伴隨等。 When offered help, one often says “Thank you” or “It's kind of you”．(時(shí)間狀語) 當(dāng)被提供幫助的時(shí)候，人們常說“Thank you”或“It's kind of you”。 Given another chance, I will do it much better.(條件狀語) 如果再給我一次機(jī)會(huì)，我會(huì)干得更好。 Greatly inspired by what he did, I joined him in helping others.(原因狀語) 在他所做的事情的鼓勵(lì)下，我也加入了幫助

5、他人的行列。 Visited many times, the place is still worth visiting again. (讓步狀語) 雖然已參觀了幾次，這個(gè)地方仍值得再來。 He has been preparing his paper all day long, locked in his study.(方式狀語) 鎖在書房里，他一整天都在準(zhǔn)備論文。 The guest walked into the room, greeted by his owner.(伴隨狀語) 客人一邊和主人打招呼，一邊走進(jìn)了房間。 [即時(shí)演練1]　 寫出下列句中黑體部分分別充當(dāng)什么狀

6、語 ①(2014·天津高考改編)Clearly and thoughtfully written, the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers. 原因狀語 ②(湖南高考改編)Time, used correctly, is money in the bank. 條件狀語 ③(江西高考改編)If asked to look after luggage for someone else, inform the police at once.條件狀語 ④Seated at the ta

7、ble, my father and I were talking about my job.方式狀語 ⑤When (you are) given a medical examination, you should keep calm.時(shí)間狀語 二、過去分詞(短語)作狀語時(shí)在句中的位置 過去分詞(短語)在句中作狀語時(shí)，可放在主句前作句首狀語時(shí)，后面用逗號(hào)與主句隔開；放在主句的后面時(shí)，前面用逗號(hào)與主句隔開。 Done in a hurry, his homework was full of mistakes. 因?yàn)樽龅么颐Γ淖鳂I(yè)滿是錯(cuò)。 He stood there silent

8、ly, moved to tears. ＝Moved to tears, he stood there silently. 他靜靜地站在那里，被感動(dòng)地?zé)釡I盈眶。 [即時(shí)演練2]　補(bǔ)全句子 ①Defeated_again,_the scientist didn't give up. 盡管再次被打敗了，但這位科學(xué)家并不放棄。 ②Exhausted_by_working_all_day,_he soon fell asleep. 由于工作了一整天，他很快就睡著了。 ③Children, when_accompanied by their parents, are allowed t

9、o enter the stadium. 當(dāng)孩子們由父母陪同時(shí)，他們才被允許進(jìn)入這個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng)。 三、過去分詞(短語)作狀語時(shí)幾點(diǎn)特殊情況 1．過去分詞在句中作時(shí)間、條件、原因、讓步狀語時(shí)，相當(dāng)于對(duì)應(yīng)的時(shí)間、條件、原因及讓步狀語從句。 Seen from the top of the mountain(＝When it is seen from the top of the mountain), the whole town looks more beautiful. 從山頂上看，整個(gè)城市看起來更美了。 Given ten more minutes(＝If we are given t

10、en more minutes), we will finish the work perfectly. 如果多給十分鐘，我們會(huì)完美地完成這份工作。 Greatly touched by his words(＝Because she was greatly touched by his words), she was full of tears. 由于他的話深深地感動(dòng)了她，她滿眼淚花。 Warned of the storm(＝ Though they were warned of the storm), the farmers were still working on the fa

11、rm. 盡管被警告了風(fēng)暴的到來，農(nóng)民們?nèi)栽谵r(nóng)場(chǎng)干活。 2．過去分詞在句中作伴隨、方式等狀語時(shí)，可改為句子的并列謂語或改為并列分句。 The teacher came into the room, followed by two students(＝ and was followed by two students). 后面跟著兩個(gè)學(xué)生，老師走進(jìn)了房間。 He spent the whole afternoon, locked in his study(＝ and was locked in his study)． 他把自己鎖在書房里度過了一整個(gè)下午。 3．過去分詞作狀語可與之對(duì)

12、應(yīng)的狀語從句互換。而從句連詞改成過去分詞作狀語時(shí)有時(shí)還可保留連詞，構(gòu)成“連詞＋過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語。 Even if I am invited(＝Even if invited), I will not take part in the party. 即使被邀請(qǐng)，我也不會(huì)參加那個(gè)宴會(huì)。 Unless you are asked to speak (Unless asked to speak), you should remain silent at the meeting. 除非被要求說話，在會(huì)上你應(yīng)該保持沉默。 If it is merely drawn on your imagi

13、nation (＝If merely drawn on your imagination)，the report will not be convincing. 假如僅靠你的想象去寫，報(bào)告是不會(huì)有說服力的。 4．過去分詞(短語)的獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)。過去分詞(短語)作狀語時(shí)，其邏輯主語通常是句子的主語，否則，過去分詞(短語)前應(yīng)加上自己的主語，這種帶有自身主語的過去分詞(短語)被稱為過去分詞(短語)的獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)，過去分詞(短語)的獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)通常在句中作狀語，可表示時(shí)間、原因、條件等。 The project finished(＝After the project was finished)，they

14、had a two weeks' leave. 完成那項(xiàng)工程后，他們休了兩周假。 The work done(＝Because the work was done), they went out to have a rest. 因?yàn)楣ぷ鞅煌瓿闪耍麄兂鋈バ菹⑷チ恕? [即時(shí)演練3]　用非謂語將下列復(fù)合句改為簡(jiǎn)單句 ①When they were asked who had broken the vase, the children all kept silent. →Asked_who_had_broken_the_vase,_the children all kept silen

15、t. ②If we are united, we will make our life better. →United,_we will make our life better. ③As he is encouraged by the progress he has made，he works harder. →Encouraged_by_the_progress made by him, he works harder. ④Although we were exhausted by the hard work, we went on with it. →Exhausted_by

16、_the_hard_work,_we went on with it. Ⅰ.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1．Absorbed (absorb) in painting, John didn't notice evening approaching. 2．Advocated (advocate) by the public, the project will be put into practice. 3．Given (give) more time, they are expected to do it perfectly. 4．Caught (catch) in a heavy t

17、raffic jam, the taxi driver began to chat with his passenger to kill time. 5．When left (leave) alone, the baby soon began to feel boring. 6．We set out for a journey, filled (fill) with excitement. 7．All the students seated (seat), the paper were handed out. 8．Settled (settle) in a peaceful way,

18、everything returned to normal again. 9．Once performed (perform), the play was well received by the public. 10．Faced (face) with such a difficult problem，he decided to ask for some good advice from his colleagues. Ⅱ.單句寫作(用過去分詞短語完成句子) 1．Seen_from_the_hill,_the city looks like a beautiful garden.

19、從山上看，這個(gè)城市就象一個(gè)美麗的花園。 2．When asked_for_his_views_about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding. 當(dāng)問到對(duì)教學(xué)工作的觀點(diǎn)時(shí)，菲利普說他覺得既有趣又有意義。 3．Inspired_by_what_he_said/his_words,_they have decided to try their best to achieve what they wants. 受到他的話的鼓舞，他們決定盡力實(shí)現(xiàn)他們想要的。 4．Finished_on

20、_time,_the paper was handed in. 按時(shí)完成了，論文被交了上去。 5．Corrected_by_the_teacher,_the papers were handed out. 老師訂正完了，講義被分發(fā)了下去。 6．Permitted_by_his_manager,_the worker took a day's leave. 得到經(jīng)理的允許，工人休了一天的假。 7．Heated,_the water can change into vapour. 加熱后，水可變成蒸汽。 8．Used_for_a_long_time,_the book look

21、s old. 用了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間后，這本書看起來很舊了。 Ⅲ.語法填空 Dear Mr Wang， 1．Knowing (know) that our library is going to buy books, I'd like to give some 2.suggestions (suggest)． 3．What we need most are popular science books. Usually popular science books explain basic 4.principles (principle) of nature in 5.a simple and

22、interesting way. They help us understand science subjects better and arouse our 6.curiosity (curious) about scientific discoveries. In addition 7.to reading for knowledge, we read for fun and inspiration. That is why I recommend another category of books: literary books. Classic works, 8.written (write) by masters, present great thoughts through fascinating stories and language. They not only offer us joy and 9.excitement (excite), but also encourage us to think critically. I'll be glad if you can consider my 10.recommendation (recommend)． 5