2020屆高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 寫作中的高級(jí)表達(dá) 妙記11 用途各異的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)、虛擬語(yǔ)氣、倍數(shù)和比較句型學(xué)案

《2020屆高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 寫作中的高級(jí)表達(dá) 妙記11 用途各異的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)、虛擬語(yǔ)氣、倍數(shù)和比較句型學(xué)案》由會(huì)員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《2020屆高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 寫作中的高級(jí)表達(dá) 妙記11 用途各異的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)、虛擬語(yǔ)氣、倍數(shù)和比較句型學(xué)案（5頁(yè)珍藏版）》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、妙記11 　用途各異的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)、虛擬語(yǔ)氣、倍數(shù)和比較句型 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)、虛擬語(yǔ)氣、倍數(shù)和比較句型等在書面表達(dá)中都屬于高級(jí)句式，它們的合理運(yùn)用都能給文章增色添彩。 一、用英文思維的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 英文中被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的使用比漢語(yǔ)更多、更普遍。一般說(shuō)來(lái)，當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者、不必說(shuō)出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者或執(zhí)行者不明確時(shí)，多用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)因?yàn)楦怀隹陀^事實(shí)而被廣泛使用。所以同學(xué)們?cè)趯懽鲿r(shí)也應(yīng)該注意多用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，以贏得更高的分?jǐn)?shù)。 1．主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) ①We can borrow at most five books at a time, and we can keep them for ten days.

2、 →At most five books can be borrowed at a time and they can be kept for ten days. ②When we put some waste chemicals into the sea, they can hurt or kill animals and fish. →When some waste chemicals are put into the sea, they can hurt or kill animals and fish. 2．寫作中常見的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) (1)be＋過(guò)去分詞(be可使用各種時(shí)態(tài))

3、①The exhibition will be held from 9：00 am to 5：00 pm the day after tomorrow in the art gallery.(2017·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ書面表達(dá)) 展覽將于后天上午9時(shí)至下午5時(shí)在美術(shù)館舉行。 ②Nowadays, more and more English words are being used in the Chinese language.(2014·江蘇高考書面表達(dá)) 當(dāng)今，越來(lái)越多的英語(yǔ)詞匯正在漢語(yǔ)中使用。 (2)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋be＋過(guò)去分詞 ①To improve the air quality, t

4、he use of private cars should be reduced. 為了提高空氣質(zhì)量，應(yīng)該減少使用私家車。 ②As can be seen from the chart, more and more people own mobile phones in China now. 正如從表中所看到的，如今在中國(guó)擁有手機(jī)的人越來(lái)越多。 (3)get＋過(guò)去分詞 ①The entrance to the parking place was too small and often got blocked.(2014·北京高考滿分作文) 通往存車處的入口太小了，經(jīng)常堵車。 ②I

5、'm feeling very sorry to tell you that I have to change our plan to visit Yunnan in July, because my left foot got injured.(2014·北京高考滿分作文) 我很抱歉地告訴你我不得不改變我們七月份去云南旅游的計(jì)劃，因?yàn)槲业淖竽_受傷了。 [即時(shí)演練]　句型轉(zhuǎn)換(主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)) 1．Above all, we must do something to stop pollution. →Above_all,_something_must_be_done_to_stop

6、_pollution. 2．It is true that many things determine our future. →It_is_true_that_our_future_is_determined_by_many_things. 3．The boss made him work all day long. →He_was_made_to_work_all_day_long. 4．I suggest that you (should) make friends with people having different characteristics or backgrou

7、nds. →It_is_suggested_that_you_(should)_make_friends_with_people_having_different_characteristics_or_backgrounds. 二、委婉動(dòng)聽的虛擬語(yǔ)氣 虛擬語(yǔ)氣是高中階段較難掌握的句型之一，在運(yùn)用時(shí)要注意表達(dá)的準(zhǔn)確性。在高考作文中，不常需要表達(dá)不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的非真實(shí)條件，而一般表達(dá)要求、愿望或者強(qiáng)調(diào)論述觀點(diǎn)的客觀性。 1．陳述語(yǔ)氣變虛擬語(yǔ)氣 ①I didn't take his advice, so I failed in the exam. →If I had taken his a

8、dvice, I wouldn't have failed in the exam. ②It's time for us to take measures to protect endangered animals. →It's time that we took/should take measures to protect endangered animals. 2．寫作中常見的虛擬語(yǔ)氣 (1)if型虛擬語(yǔ)氣，“如果……，就……” Secondly, if I were you, I would take a walk in the evening with my friends

9、.(2014·安徽高考滿分作文) 第二，如果我是你，我會(huì)在傍晚和朋友一起散步。 (2)wish型虛擬語(yǔ)氣，“希望……” Besides, I wish there wouldn't be too many students in a class.(2014·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ書面表達(dá)) 另外，我希望一個(gè)班不會(huì)有太多的學(xué)生。 (3)as if/though型虛擬語(yǔ)氣，“好像……” Everything in my childhood crowded upon my mind as if/though they had just happened. 童年的一切一下子涌入我的腦海中，仿佛剛剛發(fā)生

10、似的。 (4)if only型虛擬語(yǔ)氣，“要是……就好了；但愿……” If only I could go back and reset my goals.(2015·重慶高考寫作) 要是我能夠回到過(guò)去重新制訂目標(biāo)該有多好。 (5)It's (high/about) time (that) ...型虛擬語(yǔ)氣，“是……的時(shí)候了” It is high time that both children and parents took/should take actions to make some changes.(2013·福建高考滿分作文) 確實(shí)到了孩子和父母行動(dòng)起來(lái)做出一些改變的

11、時(shí)候了。 (6)(should) do型虛擬語(yǔ)氣，“應(yīng)該……” To master Mandarin, I strongly suggest you (should) practice with Chinese people.(2015·四川高考滿分作文) 為了掌握普通話，我強(qiáng)烈建議你和中國(guó)人一起練習(xí)。 (7)without/but for/but that含蓄型虛擬語(yǔ)氣，“沒(méi)有……，要不是……” Without your help, we couldn't have finished the work ahead of time. 要是沒(méi)有你的幫助，我們不可能提前完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)。

12、 [即時(shí)演練]　 用虛擬語(yǔ)氣補(bǔ)全句子 1．看我現(xiàn)在所處的糟糕境地！要是我聽了你的建議就好了！ Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I_had_taken_your_advice! 2．如果她早到五分鐘，她就會(huì)看見她的老朋友了。 If_she_had_been_here_five_minutes_earlier/Had_she_been_here_five_minutes_earlier,_she would have seen her old friend. 3．建議每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該多吃水果和蔬菜。 It is suggest

13、ed that everyone_(should)_eat more fruit and vegetables. 4．如果當(dāng)時(shí)聽我的勸告，你現(xiàn)在就不會(huì)有麻煩了。 If you had_taken my advice then, you wouldn't be in trouble now. 5．是我們?cè)撓露Q心努力學(xué)習(xí)的時(shí)候了。 It's high time that we_made/should_make_up_our_minds to study hard. 三、不比不知道的倍數(shù)和比較句型 表示倍數(shù)和比較的句型相對(duì)較多，在寫作中靈活運(yùn)用這些句型有利于提高表達(dá)的準(zhǔn)確性，提升文章的

14、檔次。 1．倍數(shù)＋as＋形容詞/副詞原級(jí)＋(名詞)＋as After the new technique was introduced, the production of cars this year is twice as much as that of last year. 引進(jìn)新技術(shù)后，今年汽車的產(chǎn)量是去年的兩倍。 2．the＋比較級(jí) ...，the＋比較級(jí) ...“越……，就越……” The less the teacher does, the more the students do and the more they will learn.(2015·廣東高考滿分作文)

15、 老師做得越少，學(xué)生就做得越多，他們學(xué)會(huì)的就越多。 3．比較級(jí)＋than＋any (other)＋名詞單數(shù) ...“比任何其他的都……” Mike is more hard-working than any other student in the class. 邁克比班里其他的任何一個(gè)同學(xué)都勤奮。 4．prefer ... to ...“喜歡……勝過(guò)……” As for “wild release” and “controlled release”， I prefer the latter one to the former one.(2015·重慶高考滿分作文) 對(duì)于自由分享

16、和定向分享，我喜歡后者勝過(guò)前者。 5．be senior/junior to “比……年長(zhǎng)/年齡??；(地位或級(jí)別等)比……高/低” Mr. Liu is three years senior to me, and he is also senior to me in our company. 劉先生比我大三歲，在公司里級(jí)別也比我高。 [即時(shí)演練]　用倍數(shù)和比較句型補(bǔ)全句子 1．我們的城市已經(jīng)發(fā)展成了一個(gè)大城市，是原來(lái)的四倍大。 Our city has developed into a big one, which is four_times_as_big as it used to be. 2．中國(guó)比亞洲的任何一個(gè)其他的國(guó)家都大，也比非洲的任何一個(gè)國(guó)家都大。 China is larger_than_any_other country in Asia and also larger than any country in Africa. 3．你學(xué)習(xí)越努力，取得的進(jìn)步就越大。 The_harder you work, the_greater_progress you will make. - 5 -