2018年高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 專題07 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和虛擬語(yǔ)氣講學(xué)案（含解析）

《2018年高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 專題07 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和虛擬語(yǔ)氣講學(xué)案（含解析）》由會(huì)員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《2018年高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 專題07 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和虛擬語(yǔ)氣講學(xué)案（含解析）（21頁(yè)珍藏版）》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、 專題07 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和虛擬語(yǔ)氣 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法復(fù)雜多變，在高考試題中占的比重一直比較穩(wěn)定，每年總有一至兩個(gè)題，可以單獨(dú)考查，也可以結(jié)合虛擬語(yǔ)氣考查。命題者常常利用語(yǔ)境和句子之間意義上的細(xì)微差別來(lái)考查考生對(duì)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的理解和掌握，難度也保持較為穩(wěn)定的趨勢(shì)。其考點(diǎn)主要包括： 1．考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本用法。如： can和could的用法及區(qū)別； will和would的用法及區(qū)別； must的用法； shall用于不同人稱時(shí)的用法和should的各種用法； need的用法等。 2．考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的“推測(cè)”功能。如：can，could，may，might，must 皆可表示推測(cè)，使用時(shí)要注意以下幾

2、點(diǎn)：(1)注意語(yǔ)氣。語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng)用must, cannot，couldn't; 語(yǔ)氣較弱用may，might或can，could; (2)注意句式。在肯定句中，一般用may，might，must; 在否定句、疑問(wèn)句中常用can，could; (3)注意時(shí)態(tài)。表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)的情況的推測(cè)，此時(shí)通常用“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋動(dòng)詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)； 表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)正在進(jìn)行的情況進(jìn)行推測(cè)，通常用“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋進(jìn)行體”結(jié)構(gòu)； 表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的推測(cè)，通常用“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋完成體”結(jié)構(gòu)。 3．考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的特殊用法。如： (1)cannot/can't 與too/over/enough/perfectly/sufficientl

3、y 等詞連用，意為“越……越……”“無(wú)論怎樣……，……也不為過(guò)”“決不會(huì)……，……夠(過(guò))”。 (2)cannot wait to do sth意為“急于做某事”。 (3)would 和used to的區(qū)別； can 和be able to的區(qū)別。 (4)“may/might well＋動(dòng)詞原形”意為“理應(yīng)，有足夠的理由”； “may/might as well＋動(dòng)詞原形”意為“還不如，不妨，還是……的好”。 (5)must意為“偏要，硬要”； can用在肯定句中，可以表示客觀上的可能性； shall用在法律、條約、協(xié)定等文件中可以表示義務(wù)、規(guī)定等； should表示估計(jì)或推測(cè)上的“

4、應(yīng)該”，意為“可能，該，估計(jì)，按理應(yīng)當(dāng)”； will 可以表示習(xí)慣性和傾向性，意為“慣于，老是，終歸是”等。 (6)在句型 it is (high) time that中，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)表示虛擬語(yǔ)氣。 4．考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣在各種從句以及隱含、混合等句中的運(yùn)用。如：wish，as if/though，if only，would rather，otherwise, without等。 5．考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣在條件狀語(yǔ)從句中的倒裝現(xiàn)象。 第一部分、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 一、can/could與be able to 1．can/could用來(lái)表示“一般能力”；be able to有多種時(shí)態(tài)，且用來(lái)

5、表示在特定條件下的“具體能力”。如： My grandma is over seventy，but she can still read without glasses. They will be able to tell you the news soon. He was able to flee Europe before the war broke out. 2．表示允許可用can或could，與may/might意義接近。could可用于現(xiàn)在時(shí)，只是語(yǔ)氣更加委婉、客氣，回答時(shí)則一般要用can而不用could。 —Could I have the television on?

6、 —Yes，you can./No，you can't. 二、may與might 1．表示允許，意為“可以，許可”，用法基本上同can與could。如： May I use your bicycle? 2．表示可能性，意為“也許，可能”。如： According to the weather forecast, it may rain tomorrow. 3．may可以放在句首，表示祝愿。如： May good luck be yours! 三、must與have to 1．must用來(lái)表示說(shuō)話人的主觀看法；have to表示客觀的需要，強(qiáng)調(diào)外界壓力，不得已而為之。如： H

7、e said that they must work hard。 他說(shuō)他們必須努力工作。(主觀上要做這件事) My brother was ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night. 我弟弟生病了，我只得半夜里把醫(yī)生請(qǐng)來(lái)。(客觀上需要做這件事) 2．表示“不必”，須用don't have to或needn't。must的否定式表示“禁止，絕對(duì)不可”。如： You don't have to tell him about it. 你不必告訴他那件事。 You mustn't tell him about

8、it. 你絕不能告訴他那件事。 —Must we do it now? 我們必須現(xiàn)在做嗎？ —No, you needn't. 不，你們不必。 四、shall 1．用于第一、第三人稱的疑問(wèn)句中，用來(lái)征求對(duì)方的意見(jiàn)或請(qǐng)求指示。如： What shall he do next? 他下一步干什么呢？ 2．用于第二、第三人稱的陳述句中，表示說(shuō)話人的意愿，有“命令、警告、允諾、威脅、強(qiáng)制”等意思。如： He shall stay in bed. 他必須躺在床上。 You shall have it back next week. 下周一定還你。 He says he won

9、't go, but I say he shall. 他說(shuō)他不去，但我說(shuō)他必須去。 五、will與would 1．will用于各種人稱，表示“意志、意愿”或“決心”等。如： If you will keep your watch half an hour slow, it is hardly surprising that you are late for your appointments. 如果你想要讓你的表慢半個(gè)小時(shí)，你約會(huì)時(shí)遲到就不足為怪了。 2．will表示習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，有“總是，慣于”的含義。如： An Englishman will usually show you

10、 the way in the street. 英國(guó)人通常是會(huì)在街上給你指路的。 3．would可表示過(guò)去反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如： On Sundays he would get up early and go fishing. 星期天他總是早起去釣魚。 六、should與ought to 1．should表示“建議”或“勸告”，有“應(yīng)該”之意。如： You should learn from each other. 2．ought to表示根據(jù)某種義務(wù)或必要“應(yīng)當(dāng)”做某事。如： Everyone ought to obey the traffic regulations. 3

11、．should和ought to也可用來(lái)表示推測(cè)，意為“想必會(huì)……”。如： —When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon. —They should be ready by 1200. 七、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示推測(cè) 1．can用于肯定句中表示客觀的可能性，意為“有時(shí)會(huì)”；用于疑問(wèn)句中可以表示推測(cè)，意為“可能”，有時(shí)表示一種驚訝的語(yǔ)氣；用于否定句中也可以表示推測(cè)，can't意為“不可能”，語(yǔ)氣很強(qiáng)烈。 It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it can

12、be rather cold sometimes. 我的家鄉(xiāng)在三月份通常很暖和，但有時(shí)候也會(huì)相當(dāng)冷。 Mr. Bush is on time for everything. How can it be that he was late for the meeting? 布什先生做什么事情都很準(zhǔn)時(shí)，他怎么可能開(kāi)會(huì)遲到呢？ —Let's visit Tom together, Stephen. —There's no need to do so. He can't be at home, because I saw him board the flight to Beijing this

13、 morning. ——Stephen，咱們一起拜訪湯姆吧。 ——沒(méi)必要這樣做。他一定不在家，因?yàn)榻裉煸绯课铱匆?jiàn)他登上了飛往北京的航班。 2．may/might用于肯定句中可以用來(lái)表示不十分肯定的推測(cè)，意為“有可能”；用于否定句中也可以表示推測(cè)，may not意為“可能不”，表示一種不太確定的語(yǔ)氣。 The traffic is heavy these days. I might arrive a bit late, so could you save me a place? 這些天交通很繁忙，我可能會(huì)來(lái)晚一點(diǎn)，請(qǐng)你幫我保留個(gè)位置好嗎？ 3．must表示推測(cè)時(shí)只能用于肯定句中，意為

14、“一定，必定”，表示十分肯定的語(yǔ)氣(在疑問(wèn)句中或否定句中要用can/could)。 —It's the office! So you must know eating is not allowed here. —Oh, sorry. ——這是辦公室！所以你一定知道這里不許吃東西。 ——噢，對(duì)不起。 4．should用來(lái)表示推測(cè)時(shí)意為“應(yīng)該”，即含有“按道理來(lái)說(shuō)應(yīng)當(dāng)如此”的意思。 There shouldn't be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the dri

15、ving school. 因?yàn)槟阍隈{校訓(xùn)練了這么多，通過(guò)路考應(yīng)該沒(méi)什么困難。 八、“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋have done”結(jié)構(gòu) 1．should/ought to＋have done，表示“過(guò)去本應(yīng)該做而(實(shí)際)沒(méi)有做的事情”，含有責(zé)備或遺憾的語(yǔ)氣，意為“本應(yīng)該……”。其否定形式為“should not/ought not to have＋done”，表示某種行為本不該發(fā)生但實(shí)際上發(fā)生了。 I shouldn't have watched that movie—it'll give me horrible dreams. 我本不應(yīng)該看那部電影——它會(huì)令我做噩夢(mèng)。 You ought to

16、have come to the party yesterday, but why didn't you come? 昨天你本來(lái)應(yīng)該參加聚會(huì)的，可是你為什么不來(lái)？ 2．must＋have done，用于肯定句，表示“過(guò)去一定做過(guò)某事”，表示一種很有把握的推測(cè)。注意，對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的情況的否定推測(cè)常用“can't/couldn't＋have done”表示。 —Ye Shiwen won two gold medals in London Olympic Games. —She must have gone through tough training. ——葉詩(shī)文在倫敦奧運(yùn)會(huì)獲得了兩枚金

17、牌。 ——她肯定受到嚴(yán)格的訓(xùn)練。 —Do you know where David is? I couldn't find him anywhere. —Well. He can't have gone far—his coat's still here. ——你知道大衛(wèi)在哪里嗎？我到處找不到他。 ——大衛(wèi)的上衣還在這里，因此他肯定沒(méi)走遠(yuǎn)。 3．needn't＋have done，表示“過(guò)去沒(méi)有必要做某事，但實(shí)際上做了某事”。 Mark needn't have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hou

18、r early. 馬克本沒(méi)必要那么匆忙。他以最快速度開(kāi)車，結(jié)果早到了半個(gè)小時(shí)。 4．may/might＋have done，表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的一種不太有把握的可能性的推測(cè)，表示“可能已做了某事……”，否定句表示“可能還沒(méi)有……”。 Sorry, I'm late. I might have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again. 對(duì)不起，我遲到了。我可能把鬧鐘關(guān)掉后又睡著了。 5．could＋have done表示“過(guò)去本來(lái)可以做某事，但實(shí)際上沒(méi)有做”；can/could＋have done表示“過(guò)去可能做了某件

19、事”。 I could have saved the poor rabbit, but I didn't have the right drugs with me at that moment. 我本來(lái)可以拯救那只可憐的兔子的，可是我當(dāng)時(shí)沒(méi)有合適的藥品。 第二部分、虛擬語(yǔ)氣 一、虛擬語(yǔ)氣在虛擬條件句中的用法 虛擬情況 從句謂語(yǔ) 主句謂語(yǔ) 例句 與現(xiàn)在事 實(shí)相反 過(guò)去式 (be用were) would/ should/ could/might do If he were here, he might be able to help. What would yo

20、u do if you were in his place？ 與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反 had done would/ should/ could/might have done If I had started a little earlier, I would have caught the train. I could have done it better if I had been more careful. 與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反 過(guò)去式 were to do/ should do would/ should/ could/might do If I were to

21、 do it, I would do it in a different way. I would certainly go if I had time. 1.在具體運(yùn)用中，條件從句中有時(shí)可省略if而采用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。如： Had it not been for your help, we wouldn't have achieved so much. 2．介詞without/but for、連詞but、副詞otherwise常用來(lái)表示某種假設(shè)條件。如： I wouldn't have made such rapid progress without your help. 3．有時(shí)候從

22、句動(dòng)作和主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間不一致，這時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式要根據(jù)各自的時(shí)間來(lái)調(diào)整。如： If the weather had been more favourable, the crops would be growing still better. 二、“should＋動(dòng)詞原形”表示的虛擬語(yǔ)氣 這一類型常見(jiàn)詞有“一堅(jiān)持(insist)、二命令(order, command)、三建議(advise, suggest, propose)、四要求(request, require, demand, desire)”。以上詞及其派生名詞所接的名詞性從句都使用“(should＋)動(dòng)詞原形”的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。

23、 ①Jane's pale face suggested that she was ill, and her mother suggested that she(should) have a medical examination. 簡(jiǎn)蒼白的臉色表明她病了，她母親建議她去檢查身體。 ②She insisted that the man had stolen her car and that he(should) be sent to prison. 她堅(jiān)持說(shuō)那個(gè)男人偷了她的車，并堅(jiān)決要求他坐牢。 三、特殊句式中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣 If only/It's (high) time (that

24、)．.. wish/would rather/as if等固定句式要求用相應(yīng)的虛擬語(yǔ)氣表達(dá)形式。 ①I wish I could fly. 真希望我能飛。 ②I would rather you came tomorrow. 我寧愿你明天來(lái)。 ③If only I had taken your advice! 要是聽(tīng)從了你的建議該多好??！ 考點(diǎn)一、考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 例1．【2015·北京】29．—Can’t you stay a little longer? —It’s getting late. I really _____go now, My daughter is

25、home alone. A .may B .can C . must D .dare 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——你不能再多待會(huì)兒?jiǎn)?——很晚了，我必須得走了。我女兒一個(gè)人在家。A. may可能，可以，也許；B. can能，會(huì)；C. must必須，必然要，必定會(huì)；D. dare敢，膽敢。結(jié)合句意，故選C。 【變式探究】（2014北京卷）27. ________ I have a word with you? It won’t take long. A. Can B. Must C. Shall D. Should 【考點(diǎn)】考察情態(tài)動(dòng)詞詞義辨析 【

26、答案】A 考點(diǎn)二、考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法 例2. （2017?天津）My room is a mess, but I __________clean it before I go out tonight. I can do it in the morning. A. daren’t B. shouldn’t C. needn’t D. mustn’t 【答案】C 【解析】 句意：我的房間很亂，但是在今晚我出去之前不需要打掃，我可以明天早晨再打掃。A.不敢；B.不應(yīng)該；C不需要；D.不許。根據(jù)句意，故選C。 【變式探究】 (2016·北京，34)Why didn't

27、 you tell me about your trouble last week？If you ________(tell)me，I could have helped. 【答案】had told　 【變式探究】【2015·天津】7. I ______ have worried before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me. A. mightn’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. couldn’ t 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我來(lái)新學(xué)校

28、之前本沒(méi)有必要擔(dān)心，因?yàn)樵谶@里我的同學(xué)對(duì)我非常友好。needn’t have done本沒(méi)有必要做某事，表示實(shí)際上已經(jīng)做了某事。根據(jù)句意可知選C。 考點(diǎn)三、考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣 例3．（2017·北京）If the new safety system _______ to use, the accident would never have happened. A. had been put B. were put C. should be put D. would be put 【答案】A 【解析】句意：如果這個(gè)新的安全系統(tǒng)被投入使用過(guò)的話，這個(gè)事故就不會(huì)發(fā)生了。根據(jù)主句

29、確定是對(duì)過(guò)去情況的虛擬，所以從句謂語(yǔ)用had done形式，此外根據(jù)句意可知是被動(dòng)，用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故A項(xiàng)是正確的。 【變式探究】(2016·浙江，15)________(have)the governments and scientists not worked together，AIDS-related deaths would not have fallen since their highest in 2005. 【答案】Had　【解析】句意：如果政府和科學(xué)家不共同努力，與艾滋病相關(guān)的死亡就不會(huì)從2005年的最高點(diǎn)下降。這是一個(gè)省略了從屬連詞if的虛擬語(yǔ)氣句，使用了倒裝句式。根據(jù)主句

30、的would not have fallen可知，這里是表示過(guò)去的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，所以用had。 【變式探究】【2015·重慶】7. Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway____ his famous novel A Farewell to Arms. A.didn’t write B. hadn’t written C. wouldn’t write D. wouldn’t have written 【答案】D 【解析】句意：沒(méi)有他戰(zhàn)時(shí)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，海明威就不可能寫出著名的小說(shuō)永別了武

31、器。根據(jù)without his wartime experience沒(méi)有戰(zhàn)時(shí)的經(jīng)歷，可知表示對(duì)于過(guò)去的否定猜測(cè)，故主句用would have done，因此選D項(xiàng)。 1．（2017·北京）Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, ______ easily reach the books on the top shelf. A. must B. should C. can D. need 【答案】C 【解析】A. must 必須 B. should 應(yīng)該 C. can 能 D. need 需要。句意:Sa

32、muel，我班最高的男生，能很輕松地夠著書架頂上的書，此處需要一個(gè)表示能力的詞，故用can，答案為C。 2．（2017?天津）My room is a mess, but I __________clean it before I go out tonight. I can do it in the morning. A. daren’t B. shouldn’t C. needn’t D. mustn’t 【答案】C 3．（2017?江蘇） _______ not for the support of the teachers, the student coul

33、d not overcome her difficulty. A. It were B. Were it C. It was D. Was it 【答案】B 【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣和倒裝。虛擬語(yǔ)氣中，be動(dòng)詞統(tǒng)一用were；虛擬語(yǔ)氣的省略形式主要是把if省略，同時(shí)把were/should/had提前，即Were /Should/ Had I...，故選B。句意：要不是老師們的支持，該生是無(wú)法克服她自己的困難的。 4． (2017·江蘇卷) ____________ not for the support of t

34、he teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty. A. It were B. Were it C. It was D. Was it 【答案】B 【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣的省略。虛擬語(yǔ)氣中，be動(dòng)詞統(tǒng)一用were；虛擬語(yǔ)氣的省略形式主要是把if省略，同時(shí)把were/should/had提前，即Were /Should/ Had I...，故選B。 5．（2017?江蘇） _______ not for the support of the teachers, the st

35、udent could not overcome her difficulty. A. It were B. Were it C. It was D. Was it 【答案】B 【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣和倒裝。虛擬語(yǔ)氣中，be動(dòng)詞統(tǒng)一用were；虛擬語(yǔ)氣的省略形式主要是把if省略，同時(shí)把were/should/had提前，即Were /Should/ Had I...，故選B。句意：要不是老師們的支持，該 生是無(wú)法克服她自己的困難的。 6．（2017·北京）If the new safety system _______ to use, the

36、 accident would never have happened. A. had been put B. were put C. should be put D. would be put 【答案】A 1．(2016·浙江，15)________(have)the governments and scientists not worked together，AIDS-related deaths would not have fallen since their highest in 2005. 【答案】Had　 【解析】句意：如果政府和科學(xué)家不共同努力，

37、與艾滋病相關(guān)的死亡就不會(huì)從2005年的最高點(diǎn)下降。這是一個(gè)省略了從屬連詞if的虛擬語(yǔ)氣句，使用了倒裝句式。根據(jù)主句的would not have fallen可知，這里是表示過(guò)去的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，所以用had。 2．(2016·浙江，17)George can't ________(go)too far.His coffee is still warm. 【答案】have gone　 【解析】句意：?jiǎn)讨尾豢赡茏叩锰h(yuǎn)了。他的咖啡仍然是溫的。can't have done是對(duì)過(guò)去的否定推測(cè)。 3．(2016·北京，34)Why didn't you tell me about your tro

38、uble last week？If you ________(tell)me，I could have helped. 【答案】had told　 【解析】句意：上個(gè)星期你為什么不告訴我你的麻煩事？如果你告訴我了，我就能幫你。根據(jù)句意和相關(guān)信息判斷，條件句表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，此時(shí)從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，主句謂語(yǔ)用“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋have done”形式。 1.(2015·北京，29)—Can't you stay a little longer? —It's getting late.I really go now.My daughter is home alone.

39、【解析】句意：——你不能再多待一會(huì)兒?jiǎn)?？——天要黑了，我真的現(xiàn)在必須走了，我的女兒獨(dú)自呆在家里。must必須。 【答案】must 2.(2015·浙江，4)It was so noisy that we not hear ourselves speak. 【解析】句意：太吵鬧了，我們連自己說(shuō)的話都聽(tīng)不到。can/could表示“能力，能夠”。根據(jù)前面的was可知，此處要用過(guò)去時(shí)could。 【答案】could 3.(2015·重慶，12)You be Carol.You haven't changed a bit after all these y

40、ears. 【解析】句意：你一定是Carol，這些年以來(lái)你一點(diǎn)都沒(méi)變。must一定，表示推測(cè)，符合句意。 【答案】must 4.(2015·陜西，21)You feel all the training a waste of time，but I'm a hundred percent sure later you'll be grateful you did it. 【答案】may 5.(2015·四川，2)You be careful with the camera.It costs! 【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：你一定要非常小心對(duì)待照相機(jī)

41、，它很昂貴。此處表示命令語(yǔ)氣。 【答案】must 6.(2015·福建，27)—Sorry, Mum! I failed the job interview again. —Oh, it's too bad.You have made full preparations. 【解析】句意：——很抱歉，媽媽，我的面試又失敗了?！?，真是太糟糕了，你本應(yīng)該做好充分準(zhǔn)備的。考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋have done的意義。根據(jù)上句的面試又失敗了，可知是對(duì)過(guò)去事實(shí)的虛擬。should have done本應(yīng)該做但是沒(méi)有做。 【答案】should 7.(2015·天津，7)I

42、 have worried before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me. 【解析】句意：在來(lái)到新學(xué)校前我本不必?fù)?dān)心，因?yàn)樵谛聦W(xué)校我的同班同學(xué)對(duì)我很友好?？疾榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞。needn't have done...本不必做的事做了。 【答案】needn't 8.(2015·北京，34)If I (see)it with my own eyes, I wouldn't have believed it. 【解析】句意：如果不是親眼看到，我就不會(huì)相信這件事。由

43、主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞wouldn't have believed 可知是對(duì)過(guò)去情況的虛擬，虛擬條件句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。 【答案】hadn't seen 9.(2015·重慶，7)Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway (write)his famous novel A Farewell to Arms. 【答案】wouldn't have written 10.(2015·陜西，23)Ellen is a fantastic dancer.I wish I (dance)as well as her.

44、 【解析】句意：艾倫是一位出色的舞者，我希望我能像他跳的那么好?？疾樘摂M語(yǔ)氣。wish后跟賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，從句中需要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，從句中用did表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在事實(shí)的虛擬。 【答案】danced 11.(2015·天津，13)I wish I (be)at my sister's wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in New York then. 【解析】句意：我希望上個(gè)星期二我出席了姐姐的婚禮，但那時(shí)我正在紐約出差中。考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。wish后的賓語(yǔ)從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生過(guò)的事情的虛擬要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。 【答

45、案】had been 12.(2015·安徽，32)It is lucky we booked a room, or we (have)nowhere to stay now. 【解析】句意：很幸運(yùn)我們訂了一個(gè)房間，否則我們現(xiàn)在將無(wú)處可住?？疾樘摂M語(yǔ)氣。引導(dǎo)含蓄虛擬條件句，or后面是主句，相當(dāng)于if we hadn't booked a room, we would have nowhere to stay now，根據(jù)“now”可知，是對(duì)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行虛擬，因此用would＋動(dòng)詞原形。 【答案】would have 1.（2014浙江卷 ）16. They were ab

46、road during the months when we were carrying out the investigation, or they _____ to our help. A. would have come B. could come C. have come D. had come 【考點(diǎn)】考察虛擬語(yǔ)氣 【答案】A 【解析】本句考察的是一個(gè)含蓄的虛擬條件句，句中的or相當(dāng)于if they had not gone abroad.因?yàn)榍懊婢渲惺褂玫氖莣ere，說(shuō)明這個(gè)虛擬語(yǔ)氣是與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，所以主句中使用的是“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have don

47、e”的形式。句意：在我們進(jìn)行這項(xiàng)調(diào)查的這幾個(gè)月里，他們?cè)趪?guó)外，要不然，他們就會(huì)來(lái)幫助我們的。故A正確。 2.（2014重慶卷 ）3. I’ve ordered some pizza , so we _____ worry about cooking when we get home tired. A.can’t B. dare not C. needn’t D. may mot 【考點(diǎn)】考察情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 【答案】C 3.（2014重慶卷 ）13.It was John who broke the window. Why are you

48、talking to me as if I ____ it? A. had done B. have done C. did D. am doing 【考點(diǎn)】考察虛擬語(yǔ)氣 【答案】A 【解析】連詞短語(yǔ)as if似乎，好像；其后面的從句有兩種情況，如果是真的事情，就使用陳述語(yǔ)氣；如果表示的是假的事情，就使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，其中與過(guò)去相反，使用“過(guò)去完成時(shí)”；與將來(lái)相反，使用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)；與現(xiàn)在相反，使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。句意：打破玻璃的是John，為什么你 和說(shuō)話，好像是我打破了玻璃一樣。根據(jù)前一句中的was說(shuō)明打破玻璃是過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情，所以是與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，故使用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。故A正確。

49、 4.（2014大綱卷）30. Although you _____ find bargains in London, it’s not generally a cheap place to shop. A. should B. need C. must D. can 【考點(diǎn)】考察情態(tài)動(dòng)詞詞義辨析 【答案】D 【解析】should應(yīng)該，竟然；need需要；must必須，一定；非得，偏偏；can能夠，可能，有時(shí)會(huì)…；句義：盡管你有時(shí)可能會(huì)在倫敦找到便宜貨，但總得說(shuō)來(lái)那不是一個(gè)購(gòu)物的便宜的地方。根據(jù)句義可知c

50、an表示有時(shí)可能，有時(shí)會(huì)…；故D正確。 5.（2014福建卷）32. no modern telecommunications, we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world. A. Were there B. Had there been C .If there are D. If there have been 【考點(diǎn)】考察虛擬語(yǔ)氣和省略 【答案】A 【解析】本題是一個(gè)if條件句的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示與現(xiàn)在相反，if從句中使用“過(guò)去時(shí)/were”，主句使用“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原形”

51、；在if被省略的時(shí)候，要使用部分倒裝。句義：如果沒(méi)有現(xiàn)代的電信業(yè)，要想得到世界各地的消息，我們就不得不等幾個(gè)星期。故A正確。 6.（2014湖南卷）22.If Mr. Dewey _____ present, he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there. A. were B. had been G. should be D. was 【考點(diǎn)】考察虛擬語(yǔ)氣 【答案】B 7.（2014湖南卷）25.— I’ve prepared all kinds of food for the picnic.

52、 —Do you mean we_____ bring anything with us? A. can’t B. mustn’t C. shan’t D. needn't 【考點(diǎn)】考察情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 【答案】D 【解析】本題考察的是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞意義辨析。can’t不可能；不能；mustn’t禁止，千萬(wàn)不能；needn’t不必；不需要；句義：—我已經(jīng)為野餐準(zhǔn)備了各種食物?！闶侵肝覀儾槐貛魏螙|西了？根據(jù)句義可知前者已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備了一切食物，所以后者不需要帶任何東西。故D正確。 8.（2014江蘇卷）31. It was sad to me that they, so poor themsel

53、ves, bring me food. A. might B. would C. should D. could 【考點(diǎn)】考察情態(tài)動(dòng)詞詞義辨析 【答案】C 【解析】本題考察的是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的特殊意義。Might也許；would會(huì)，過(guò)去常常做某事；should應(yīng)該，竟然；could能夠；句意：讓我難過(guò)的是，如此貧窮的他們竟然給我?guī)?lái)了食物。根據(jù)句意可知本句中的should表示“竟然”。故C正確。 9.（2014江西卷）30. Life is unpredictable ; even the poorest __become the richest . A. shall

54、 B. must C. need D. might 【考點(diǎn)】考察情態(tài)動(dòng)詞詞義辨析 【答案】D 【解析】本題考察的是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞辨析。Shall將要；must必須，一定；need需要；might也許；句義：生活是無(wú)法預(yù)測(cè)的，甚至最貧窮的人也許會(huì)成為最富有的人。根據(jù)前句：Life is unpredictable。說(shuō)明一切都有可能，所以使用might表示存在的可能性。故D正確。 10.（2014陜西卷）23. We would rather our daughter ________ at home with us, but it is her choice, and

55、 she is not a child any longer. A. would stay B. has stayed C. stayed D. stay 【考點(diǎn)】考察虛擬語(yǔ)氣 【答案】C 11.（2014陜西卷）25. My book, The House of Hales, is missing. Who ________ have taken it? A. need B. must C. should D. could 【考點(diǎn)】考察情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法 【答案】D 【解析】本題考察的是“情

56、態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done”的用法。該結(jié)構(gòu)既可以表示虛擬，也可以表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的推測(cè)。Need have done本可以做某事，實(shí)際上卻未做；must have done一定做了某事；should have done本應(yīng)該做某事，實(shí)際上卻未做；could have done可能做了某事/本可以做某事，實(shí)際上卻未做；句義：我的書The House of Hales,不見(jiàn)了?？赡苁钦l(shuí)拿走了它呢？根據(jù)句義可知本句中的could have done表示“可能做了某事”。故D正確。 12.（2014四川卷）6. I still remember my happy childhood when my m

57、other ______ take me to Disneyland at weekends. A. might B. must C. would D. should 【考點(diǎn)】考察情態(tài)動(dòng)詞特殊用法 【答案】C 【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。Might也許；可能；must一定，必須；非得，偏偏；would將要，會(huì)；過(guò)去常常；should應(yīng)該，竟然；本句中的would表過(guò)去的習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作，可譯為“過(guò)去常?！?，現(xiàn)在可能還會(huì)繼續(xù)做下去。區(qū)別于used to do過(guò)去常常做某事，通常表示現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不這樣做了。句意：我仍

58、然記得我那幸福的童年，在那時(shí)我的母親常常在周末帶我去迪斯尼樂(lè)園。其余三項(xiàng)與上下文語(yǔ)境不相符。故C正確。 13.（2014天津卷）15. ________ the morning train, he would not have been late for the meeting. A. Did he catch B. should be catch C. has he caught D. Had he caught 【考點(diǎn)】考察省略和倒裝以及虛擬語(yǔ)氣 【答案】D （2013·新課標(biāo)I卷）29. The door ________ open, no matter how

59、hard she pushed. A. shouldn’t B. couldn’t C. wouldn’t D. mightn’t 【答案】 C 【解析】此處would not用來(lái)表達(dá)：即使某人努力讓某事發(fā)生，某事就是不發(fā)生之意。即為“偏不”的意思。故C正確。句意：無(wú)論她怎么用力推，門就是打不開(kāi)。 【考點(diǎn)定位】本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。 （2013·新課標(biāo)Ⅱ卷)6. Since nobody gave him any help, he have done the research on his own. A. can B. must

60、 C. would D. Need 【答案】B 【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和虛擬語(yǔ)氣。can have done sth可能已經(jīng)做了某事；must have done sth一定已經(jīng)做了某事；would have done表示與過(guò)去的事實(shí)相反；need have done sth本來(lái)需要做某事。句意“因?yàn)闆](méi)有人給他任何的幫助，他一定是自己完成的那項(xiàng)研究?！备鶕?jù)句意可知，表示的是肯定的推測(cè)，用must，故選B。 【考點(diǎn)定位】情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和虛擬語(yǔ)氣。 （2013·浙江）20.-----Excuse me, but could I trouble you for some c

61、hange? ------_______.Will pennies do? A.I know B. Never mind C.I am sure D. Let me see 【答案】D 【解析】 試題分析：句意：打擾一下，能麻煩您給我換些零錢嗎？我看看，便士可以嗎？通過(guò)will pennies do？可以判斷出是選D。A 我知道，Ｂ沒(méi)關(guān)系　C我確定 Ｄ讓我想想，讓我看看。let me see 除了表示讓我看看，還可以譯為讓我想想。比如：how can I go to the nearest hospital? Let me se

62、e. Oh, go straight…. 【考點(diǎn)定位】情景交際 （2013·浙江）8.Eye doctors recommend that a child’s first eye exam____ at the age of six months old. A.was B. be C. were D. is 【答案】B 【考點(diǎn)定位】虛擬語(yǔ)氣。 （2013·浙江）3.I______ myself more－it was a perfect day. A.shouldn’t have enjoy

63、ed B. needn’t have enjoyed C.wouldn’t have enjoyed D. couldn’t have enjoyed 【答案】D 【解析】句意：我實(shí)在是太開(kāi)心了，真是很完美的一天。比較級(jí)與否定詞連用表最高級(jí)，那么此處主要是看情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的選用了。A 本來(lái)不應(yīng)該開(kāi)心卻很開(kāi)心 B mustn’t后不會(huì)出現(xiàn)have done，搭配本身錯(cuò)誤 C不會(huì)讓自己更開(kāi)心了 D不可能讓自己更開(kāi)心了（這是最開(kāi)心的）比較級(jí)與否定詞連用表最高級(jí)，還有類似的表達(dá)：I couldn’t agree with you more；it coul

64、dn’t be better… 【考點(diǎn)定位】情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 （2013·大綱卷）26. Since nobody gave him any help, he have done the research on his own. A. can B. must C. would D. Need 【答案】B 【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和虛擬語(yǔ)氣。can have done sth可能已經(jīng)做了某事；must have done sth一定已經(jīng)做了某事；would have done表示與過(guò)去的事實(shí)相反；need have done sth本來(lái)需要做某事。句

65、意“因?yàn)闆](méi)有人給他任何的幫助，他一定是自己完成的那項(xiàng)，.com研究?！备鶕?jù)，句意可知，表示的是肯定的推測(cè)，用must，故選B。 【考點(diǎn)定位】情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和虛擬語(yǔ)氣。 （2013·北京卷)35. --- You needn’t take an umbrella. It isn’t going to rain. --- Well, I don’t know. It do. A. might B. need C. would D. should 【答案】A 【解析】根據(jù) I don’t know.可知，答句中含有不確定的口氣，因此應(yīng)當(dāng)選擇“可能”，即A項(xiàng)。句意為，----你不需要帶雨傘

66、，不會(huì)下雨的。----額，我不知道，有可能要下雨的。Need意為需要， would意為將要、會(huì)，should意為應(yīng)當(dāng)。其中would和should都有比較有把握，肯定的含義，故排除。 【考點(diǎn)定位】考察情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。 （2013·北京卷)34. If we a table earlier, we couldn’t be standing here in a queue. A. have booked B. booked C. book D. had booked 【答案】D 【考點(diǎn)定位】考察虛擬語(yǔ)氣 （2013·福建卷)30. —Do you think George has passed the driving test? —No. If so, he _____his car to our college yesterday. A. would drive B. drove C. would have driven D. had driven 【答案】C 【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣：句意：--你認(rèn)為喬治通過(guò)駕駛測(cè)試了嗎？--沒(méi)有，如果這樣的話，昨天他就會(huì)