2022年高一英語《Unit 1Friendship》-直接引語和間接引語 學案

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1、2022年高一英語《Unit 1 Friendship》-直接引語和間接引語 學案 學習目標：1. 了解直接引語和間接引語。 2. 掌握陳述句、一般疑問句和特殊疑問句變間接引語的方法。 學習重點：學會各句型由直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語 學習難點：掌握賓語從句中時態(tài)的一致性. 預習/復習案： He asked ________ for the puter. A. did I pay how much B. I paid how much C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid 新授探究案 一．直接引

2、語和間接引語的定義 直接引述別人的原話，叫直接引語。用自己的話轉述別人的話，叫間接引語。間接英語在多數(shù)情況下構成賓語從句。直接引語一般前后要加引號，間接引語不用引號。 Mr Black said:“I'm busy.”( ________引語) Mr Black said that he was busy.( ________引語) 二．陳述句 直接引語如果是陳述句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，用連詞that引導（that在口語中常省略）。主句的謂語動詞可直接用引語中的said, 也可用told來代替.(注意:可以說said that, said to sb that, told sb that

3、，不可直接說told that )。同時，從句中的人稱，時態(tài)，指示代詞，時間和地點狀語等要相應的變化。 He said, “I have been to the Great Wall. ” →He said to us that he had been to the Great Wall. He said, “I'll give you an examination next Monday. ” → He ________________ he would give us an examination the next Monday. 1. 注意時態(tài)的變化 1) 如主句的謂語

4、動詞是現(xiàn)在時或?qū)頃r，直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，從句的時態(tài)不需變化。 He says, "He wants to be a singer."→He says that he wants to be a singer. 2) 如主句是一般過去時，直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，從句的謂語動詞必須是與過去相關的時態(tài)。從句的謂語動詞時態(tài)變化如下： 一般現(xiàn)在時→一般過去時 一般將來時→過去將來時 現(xiàn)在進行時→過去進行時 現(xiàn)在完成時→過去完成時 過去完成時不變 Tina said, '"I usually get up at six."→___________________________

5、___________ Martin told me, "I rang Alice yesterday. "→______________________________________ Nina told me, "Lisa is studying abroad." →______________________________________ Nell said, "I have worked out this problem." →______________________________________ 2. 注意人稱變化，指示代詞，時間狀語，地點狀語和動詞的變化 指

6、示代詞 this→that, these→those, 時間狀語now→then, today→that day, this week→that week, yesterday→the day before, last week→the week before ,four days ago→four days before ,the day before yesterday→ two days before ,tomorrow→the next day, next month→the next month. 地點狀語here→there 動詞的變化e→go, bring→take H

7、e said, "I like it very much."→______________________________________ Toby said to me, "This is the School puter Center."→_______________________________ The boy said, "I put all the things there."→________________________________ My sister asked me, "Could you bring the chairs upstairs？"→_______

8、____________________ 注意：直接引語變間接引語時，以下情況時態(tài)不需變化。 1. 直接引語表述的是客觀真理,諺語、格言 The geography teacher told us that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west. My father told me that a friend in need is a friend indeed. 2. 直接引語帶有具體的過去時間狀語 He said that his father was born in 1995. 3. 直接引語中有情態(tài)動詞should,

9、would, could, had better, might, must, need，used to等 He told me that I had better get up early. 4. 當直接引語中有以when, while引導的從句，表示過去的時間時 ? He told me that he was watching TV when he came in. 三．疑問句 如果直接引語是疑問句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，要把疑問句語序變?yōu)殛愂鼍湔Z序(即主語在謂語的前面) 1）一般疑問句 間接引語用連詞whether或if引導，原主句中謂語動詞said要改為asked

10、(me/him/us等)，疑問句語序變?yōu)殛愂鼍涞恼Z序 He said, “Do you have any difficulty with pronunciation?” →He asked (me) whether/if I had any difficulty with my pronunciation. He said, “Are you interested in English?” →He __________________interested in English. 2）特殊疑問句 原來的疑問詞作為間接引語的連詞，主句的謂語動詞用ask(sb. )來表達，疑問

11、句語序改為陳述句語序 He said to me，“What's your name?” →He asked me what my name was. He asked us, “How many car factories have been built in your country?” →He asked us_____________________________________________ 3） 選擇疑問句 用whether…or…表達，而不用if…or…，也不用either…or… He asked, “Do you speak English or Fr

12、ench?” →He asked me whether I spoke English or French. 當堂檢測案：把下列直接引語改為間接引語 1．He said: “I’ve left my book in my room.” 2．She said: “He will be busy.” 3．She said to Tom, “Can you help me?” 4．She asked, “Is this book yours or his?” 5．The teacher asked, “how did you repair it?” 課后練習案：完成導學案直接引語和間接引語（2） 學后感：