2020年高考英語 必考點(diǎn) 專題14 名詞性從句（精講深剖）（含解析）

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1、專題14 名詞性從句——精講深剖 真題速遞 一．單句語法填空 1. （2019全國卷I）While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence they range all the way across the Arctic,and as far south as James Bay in Canada. 【答案】that 　 【解析】考查同位語從句。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析可知，主句為there be句型，且結(jié)構(gòu)完整，空格后為同位語從句，解釋說明中心詞evidence的內(nèi)容，故填that。 2. （2018全國卷I

2、II）I'm not sure 61 is more frightened，me or the female gorilla (大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere. 【答案】who 【解析】考查賓語從句。句意：我不確定誰受到了更大的驚嚇，是我還是那只不知從何處突然出現(xiàn)的雌性大猩猩。根據(jù)句意和句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)賓語從句，在從句中作主語，表示“誰”，故填who。 二．單項(xiàng)選擇 1.（2019江蘇卷）Scientists have obtained more evidence ___________ plastic is find

3、ing its way into the human body. A. what B. that C. which D. where 【答案】B 【解析】考查同位語從句。句意：科學(xué)家已經(jīng)獲得更多證據(jù)，塑料正在進(jìn)入人們的體內(nèi)。從句不缺句子成分，且與evidence指代的是同一事件，用that引導(dǎo)同位語從句。故選B。 2.（2018江蘇卷）By boat is the only way to get here, which is _______ we arrived. A. where B. when C. why D. how 【答案】D 【

4、解析】考查名詞性從句。句意：乘船是到達(dá)這里唯一的途徑，這就是我們?nèi)绾蔚竭_(dá)的。分析which引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語從句可知，后面為表語從句，這里用連接副詞how引導(dǎo)表語從句，充當(dāng)方式狀語，表示“如何”。故選D。 3. （2018天津卷）The gold medal will be awarded to wins the first place in the bicycle race. A．whomever B．wherever C．whoever D．whatever 【答案】C 【解析】考查名詞性從句。句意：金牌將會(huì)被

5、頒發(fā)給在自行車比賽中獲得第一的任何選手。本空需要連接詞引導(dǎo)賓語從句，連接詞在從句中作主語，指人，同時(shí)根據(jù)句意可知，應(yīng)用whoever“……的任何人，無論誰”引導(dǎo)這個(gè)賓語從句。 考綱解讀 名詞性從句是高考常考的語法項(xiàng)目，主要考查對(duì)連接詞的正確把握。在同位語從句中，經(jīng)?？疾閠hat的用法。除此之外，其他連接詞的用法以及從句的語序也時(shí)有考查。 知識(shí)梳理 名詞性從句包括主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句四種。名詞性從句中的連接詞有從屬連詞that/whether/if，連接代詞what/who/which/whose/whatever/whoever/wh

6、omever/whichever，連接副詞where/when/why/how/wherever/whenever。 一、that引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句 (1)主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句中用that但不能省略。 That they are good at English is known to us all. The problem is that we don’t have enough money. The report that there will be a severe storm in the northern area is false. (2)一般情況下，賓語從句中的

7、引導(dǎo)詞that可省略，但在以下幾種情況中that一般不省略：(A)當(dāng)that從句和主句謂語動(dòng)詞之間有插入語時(shí)；(B)有多個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的從句時(shí)，第一個(gè)that可以省略，而其他的that常不可省略；(C)介詞except，but，besides，in等后跟that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句時(shí)；(D)當(dāng)when，who，what，where，why，how等引導(dǎo)的從句與that引導(dǎo)的從句作主句謂語動(dòng)詞的并列賓語時(shí)。 He judged that，because he was a child，he did not understand wine. The reason lies in that she wo

8、rks harder than the others do. Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried. (3)that和what的區(qū)別。 that 引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)，在主從句中不擔(dān)當(dāng)任何句子成分，也沒有任何含義；而what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)，在主從句中都要充當(dāng)一定的句子成分，what可以分解成定語從句中的“先行詞＋關(guān)系代詞”，即常說的“先行詞＋that”。 It’s a shame that he has made such a mistake. I will do what I can (do) to help hi

9、m. (4)同位語從句與定語從句中that的區(qū)別。 同位語從句中的連接詞that只起連接作用，在從句中不擔(dān)當(dāng)任何句子成分；而定語從句中的關(guān)系代詞that在句中作賓語或主語，與先行詞有修飾關(guān)系。如果句子是同位語從句，就應(yīng)用連接詞that而不能用which。同位語從句一般放在表具體含義的名詞后解釋說明名詞的含義或內(nèi)容，如以下名詞：news，fact，suggestion，truth，plan，belief，doubt，possibility，idea等，而定語從句只是對(duì)先行詞的限定和修飾。 They expressed the hope that they would come to vis

10、it China again.(同位語從句) The hope they expressed is that they would come to visit China again.(定語從句) that引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)本身無意義，只起連接作用，也不在句中作任何成分。它引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句結(jié)構(gòu)和意義都完整，往往用于陳述事實(shí)。引導(dǎo)主語從句、表語從句和同位語從句時(shí)，that不能省略。引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)，在口語和非正式文體中，that可省略。但下列情況下，that不可省略： 【考題印證】 單據(jù)語法填空與單句改錯(cuò) 1．(2016·江蘇高考改編)It is often the case_______

11、_ anything is possible for those who hang on to hope. 【答案】that　 【解析】句意：通常情況下，對(duì)于那些堅(jiān)持希望的人來說，一切皆有可能?？仗幰龑?dǎo)主語從句，從句中不缺少任何成分且意思完整，故使用that引導(dǎo)。 2．(2016·天津高考改編)The manager put forward a suggestion ________ we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do. 【答案】that 【解析】句意：經(jīng)理提出了一個(gè)建議，我們應(yīng)該有一個(gè)助手。工作太多了

12、。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)同位語從句，解釋說明suggestion的具體內(nèi)容，故填that。 3．(2016·北京高考改編)The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is________ one can be entirely free from dust. 【答案】that 【解析】句意：雨季最令人高興的事情就是人們可以完全遠(yuǎn)離灰塵。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句包含一個(gè)表語從句，且表語從句中句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整，故使用that引導(dǎo)表語從句，that在表語從句中不作句子成分，只起連接作用。 4.(2015·全國卷Ⅱ)After looking at

13、the toy for some time, he turned around and found where his parents were missing. ________________ 【答案】where改為that或去掉where　 【解析】found后是一個(gè)賓語從句，不缺少句子成分且句意完整，所以不能用where，應(yīng)該用that引導(dǎo)，that也可省略。 二、that引導(dǎo)主語從句時(shí)可用it作形式主語的四大句式 1．It＋be＋形容詞

14、(necessary, right, likely, unlikely, wrong, important, certain, clear, obvious, strange, normal等)＋that從句 It isn't likely that I should accept such an offer as that. 我不可能接受像那樣的幫助。 2．It＋be＋名詞(短語)(a pity, a shame, good news, a fact, an honour, a wonder, no wonder等)＋that從句 It's no wonder that he did

15、n't want to go.難怪他不想去。 3．It＋be＋過去分詞(said, told, heard, reported, decided, suggested, advised, ordered, remembered, thought, considered, well-known, announced等)＋that從句 It is decided that the meeting has been put off until next Monday.會(huì)議被推遲到下周一已經(jīng)定下來了。 [特別注意]　在“It＋be＋suggested/advised/ordered/reques

16、ted/insisted/required ...＋that從句”結(jié)構(gòu)中，從句謂語應(yīng)用“(should＋)動(dòng)詞原形”。 It is suggested that you (should) spend more time in studying English.建議你花更多的時(shí)間學(xué)習(xí)英語。 4．It＋特殊動(dòng)詞或短語(seem, appear, happen, matter, turn out, occur to, make no difference等)＋that從句 It suddenly occurred to her that Joe was afraid of being alon

17、e. 她突然想到喬害怕獨(dú)自一個(gè)人待著。 【考題印證】 (2018·浙江11月高考)It is possible ________ caffeine may cause birth defects (缺陷) in humans, too. 【答案】that　 【解析】it作形式主語，that從句為真正主語。 三、whether與if的用法 1．用whether或if均可的情況 (1)whether可引導(dǎo)各種名詞性從句。引導(dǎo)大部分動(dòng)詞后的賓語從句時(shí)，兩者均可。 (2)it作形式主語，且主語從句在句末時(shí)，兩者均可引導(dǎo)主語從句。 It's uncertain whether/if

18、he'll come this evening. 他今天晚上是否會(huì)來還不確定。 2．用whether而不用if的情況 (1)主語從句和賓語從句置于句首時(shí)； Whether we can have clean drinking water lies in what effective measures will be taken by the government about water pollution.我們能否有干凈的飲用水取決于政府將采取什么樣的有效措施處理水污染問題。 (2)引導(dǎo)表語從句和同位語從句時(shí)； The problem is whether the air poll

19、ution can be controlled.問題是空氣污染能否被控制住。 He asked me the question whether we should give money to the homeless.他問了我我們是否該給無家可歸者錢的問題。 (3)引導(dǎo)介詞的賓語從句時(shí)； It depends on whether we have enough time. 這取決于我們是否有充足的時(shí)間。 (4)引導(dǎo)詞與or not連用時(shí)； I don't know whether or not the report is true. ＝I don't know whether t

20、he report is true or not. 我不知道這個(gè)報(bào)道是否是真的。 (5)引導(dǎo)詞后接to do時(shí)； They don't know whether to go there. 他們不知道是否去那里。 (6)有些動(dòng)詞如leave, put, discuss, decide等后的賓語從句； We discussed whether we should hold a meeting. 我們討論了我們是否應(yīng)召開一個(gè)會(huì)議。 (7)避免用if引導(dǎo)產(chǎn)生歧義。 Let me know whether you are coming to our party. 讓我知道你是否來參加

21、我們的宴會(huì)。 【考題印證】 (2017·天津高考改編)She asked me________ I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn't . 【答案】whether/if　　 【解析】句意：她問我是否已經(jīng)把書還給圖書館了，我承認(rèn)說我還沒有還。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處引導(dǎo)賓語從句，且在從句中不作任何成分，只起連接作用；又根據(jù)句意可知此處表示“是否”，故用whether或if引導(dǎo)賓語從句。 四、連接代詞引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句 1.連接代詞who, whom, whose, what, wh

22、ich等不但起連接作用，也在從句中作名詞或代詞所作的成分，如主語、表語、賓語、定語等。缺少連接代詞，從句不完整。 What worries us most is who let out the secret. 最令我們擔(dān)憂的是誰泄漏了秘密。 2．連接副詞引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句 連接副詞when, where, why, how等不但起連接作用，也在從句中作狀語，表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因和方式等。 He didn't tell me when we would meet again. 他沒告訴我什么時(shí)候我們?cè)僖娒妗? Go and get your coat. It's where you l

23、eft it. 去把你的大衣拿來。就在你原來放的地方。 I have no idea how I can express myself clearly in English. 我不知道如何用英語清楚地表達(dá)自己。 That's why I want you to work there. 那就是我要你在那兒工作的原因。 3．“疑問詞＋-ever”引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句 “疑問詞＋-ever”引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)，有詞意，并且在從句中充當(dāng)一定的句子成分。 Whoever breaks the law should be punished. 無論誰觸犯法律都應(yīng)該受到懲罰。 Wherever

24、 children go makes their parents worry. 孩子們無論去哪兒父母都擔(dān)心。 [名師指津]　“疑問詞＋-ever”還可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，但“no matter＋疑問詞”只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，不能用來引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。 Whatever (＝ No matter what) you do, you must do it well. 無論你做什么，都必須做好。 【考題印證】 單句語法填空 1.(2016·全國卷Ⅰ)My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to ________ I live. 【答案】w

25、here　 【解析】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，介詞to之后為賓語從句，賓語從句中缺少地點(diǎn)狀語，故用where引導(dǎo)。 2.(2015·全國卷Ⅱ)As natural architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly ________ thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days. 【答案】how　 【解析】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處是一個(gè)賓語從句?？崭窈蟮膖hick為形容詞，因此空格處應(yīng)用副詞，故填how。 3.(2014·廣東高考)I didn

26、't understand ________ this would happen and my credit card had already been charged for the reservation. 【答案】why　 【解析】根據(jù)語境可知，“我”不知道/不明白為什么會(huì)發(fā)生這樣的事情。不明白的一定是原因，故用why引導(dǎo)。 4．(2018·北京高考改編)This is ________ my father has taught me — to always face difficulties and hope for the best. 【答案】what 【解析】 句意

27、：這就是父親教給我的——永遠(yuǎn)面對(duì)困難并且寄予最大的希望。表語從句中動(dòng)詞taught缺少直接賓語， 且表示“……的東西”，故填what。 考點(diǎn)精講 “2招”妙解語法填空題 1．根據(jù)兩句之間的意義和邏輯關(guān)系，或者根據(jù)句式結(jié)構(gòu)判斷是否是名詞性從句。一旦判斷是名詞性從句，就根據(jù)名詞性從句中缺少什么句子成分來確定選用什么連接詞。若從句中缺少主語、賓語或表語，用連接代詞；若缺少狀語就用連接副詞。 【思路點(diǎn)撥】 1．Make the most of your strengths, and you can be successful regardless of which type

28、you fall into and_ _fast or slowly you walk. 【答案】how 【解析】考查副詞性連詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。本句中and連接兩個(gè)并列的句子做介詞of的賓語。and后面的句子不缺成分且需要修飾副詞fast，需用how。句意：充分發(fā)揮你的優(yōu)勢(shì)，你就可以成功，不管你是屬于哪種類型的和你的速度有多慢。 2．It is is written on the signs inside the bus that has people talking. 【答案】what 【解析】考查代詞性連詞引導(dǎo)的主語從句。本句整體是個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句式，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是個(gè)主語從句。第

29、二個(gè)is前缺少主語，需用代詞性連詞。有根據(jù)句意“就是寫在公交車內(nèi)部的標(biāo)語讓人們討論不休的”，故填what。 3．They never get angry and are always kind to the students. That's the children can always get on well with their robot teachers. 【答案】why 【解析】考查副詞性連詞引導(dǎo)的表語從句。根據(jù)橫線后是表語從句且不缺少成分可知需用副詞性連詞；又根據(jù)句意“他們從不生氣，對(duì)學(xué)生總是很好。那就是為什么孩子們總能和他們的機(jī)器人老師相處得很好?！笨芍崭裉幪?/p>

30、why。 4． surprised us most was that her works of art soon became famous and were on display in the British Museum. 【答案】What 【解析】考查代詞性連詞引導(dǎo)的主語從句。surprised前缺少主語，再根據(jù)句意“最令我們驚訝的是，她的藝術(shù)品很快出名，并在大英博物館展出?！笨芍頦hat。 5．Be sure to be with a strong awareness that you are you eat! 【答案】what 【解析】

31、考查代詞性連詞引導(dǎo)的表語從句。根據(jù)空格后的eat缺少賓語可知空格處需用代詞；再根據(jù)句意“一定要對(duì)你吃的東西有一個(gè)強(qiáng)烈的意識(shí)！”可知空格處填what。 6．My friend Julia brought out all her dresses and told me to take suited me best. 【答案】whichever 【解析】考查代詞性連詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。根據(jù)take是及物動(dòng)詞可知其后面是個(gè)賓語從句；又根據(jù)suited 前缺少主語可知空格處需用代詞性連詞；再根據(jù)句意“我的朋友朱莉婭把她所有的衣服都拿出來，叫我穿最適合我的任何一件衣服。”可知填which

32、ever。 7．From them, the West learns is uniquely Chinese, for example, feng shui. 【答案】what 【解析】考查代詞性連詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。本句中is前缺少主語；又根據(jù)句意“從他們那里，西方學(xué)到的是中國人獨(dú)有的東西，例如風(fēng)水?！笨芍顆hat。 8． comes here to have the meeting will be treated to a wonderful dinner. 【答案】Whoever 【解析】考查代詞性連詞引導(dǎo)的主語從句。本句中comes前缺少主語

33、；又根據(jù)句意“來參加會(huì)議的人都將享受一頓豐盛的晚餐。”可知填Whoever。 9．Wondering it was, Terry, a newcomer to this city, went to the door and opened it impatiently. 【答案】who 【解析】考查代詞性連詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句?？崭窈蟮木渥尤鄙俦碚Z，又根據(jù)句意“泰瑞，一個(gè)來第一次來到這座城市的人想知道他是誰，他急切地走到門口，把門打開了?！笨芍顆ho。 2．如果不缺少成分則要考慮意思是否完整，是否需要用whether/if; 如果不缺少成分且意思完整用that。 【思

34、路點(diǎn)撥】 10．I wonder first of all what they want, and then wonder _they are so eager to accept advice themselves. 【答案】if/whether 【解析】考查副詞性連詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。動(dòng)詞wonder后的句子是賓語從句，根據(jù)此賓語從句中不缺少成分可知空格處需用副詞性連詞。又根據(jù)句意“我首先想知道他們想要什么，然后想知道他們自己是否渴望接受建議?！笨芍頸f/whether。 11．It never occurred to me you could succe

35、ed in persuading him to change his mind. 【答案】that 【解析】考查主語從句。本句中it 是形式主語，空格后是真正的主語且是個(gè)句子，這個(gè)句子不缺少成分。句意：我從來沒有想到過你可以說服他改變主意。It occurred to sb that某人突然想到。故填that。 12．There is no doubt it is of great help to their study and future life. 【答案】that 【解析】考查同位語從句。There is no doubt that…毫無疑問……是固定句

36、式，故填that。 “3招”妙解短文改錯(cuò)題 1．檢查連接詞是否誤用： 尤其注意容易混淆的that與what, that與which, which與what, if與whether; 【思路點(diǎn)撥】 1．I have the confidence what you can learn how to make Chinese knots. 【答案】what改為that 【解析】考查同位語語從句。根據(jù)句意“我有信心你能學(xué)到如何做中國結(jié)?！笨芍猚onfidence后面的句子是同位語從句，且本從句意思完整且不缺少成分，故把what改為tha

37、t。 2．Above all, I wonder that it is convenient for you to inform me of the specific schedule in advance. 【答案】that改為whether/if 【解析】考查賓語從句。動(dòng)詞wonder后面是賓語從句，再根據(jù)句意“最重要的是，我不知道你是否方便提前通知我具體的時(shí)間表。”可知本句需要用“whether/if”表示“是否”，而that引導(dǎo)賓語從句沒有實(shí)際意義，故把that改為whether/if。 3．How I do every day is to listen to le

38、ctures, take notes and do my homework, which seems to be endless. 【答案】How改為what 【解析】考查代詞性連詞引導(dǎo)的主語從句。is前面的句子是主語從句，且do缺少賓語可知需用代詞性連詞，又根據(jù)句意“我每天所做的就是聽講座，記筆記，做作業(yè)，這似乎是沒完沒了的?！惫拾袶ow改為what。 4．I also feel grateful to my dad just because of which he has been doing for me ever since. 【答案】which改

39、為what 【解析】考查代詞性連詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。介詞of后面的句子是賓語從句，根據(jù)句意“我也很感激我的爸爸，因?yàn)樗麖哪菚r(shí)起就一直在為我做的事?！笨芍褀hich改為what。 5．Whenever I want to see it, that I must do is to close my eyes, and it will appear in front of me. 【答案】that改為what 【解析】考查代詞性連詞引導(dǎo)的主語從句。is前面是主語從句，而且that引導(dǎo)主語從句沒有實(shí)際意義，不能引導(dǎo)本從句，故把that改為what。句意：每當(dāng)我想看它的時(shí)候，我必須做

40、的就是閉上眼睛，它就會(huì)出現(xiàn)在我面前。 2．檢查連接詞是否漏掉或多余，以及使用連接代詞時(shí)從句中是否存在多余的句子成分； 【思路點(diǎn)撥】 6．The police told him what it had happened: his car had been on a private parking lot and had been taken away by the police. 【答案】去掉it 【解析】考查賓語從句。由tell sb sth

41、結(jié)構(gòu)可知“what it had happened”是個(gè)賓語從句，what是主語，故it多余。 7．To make matters worse, I had to share a double room with someone I did not know, despite the fact I had paid for a single room. _ 【答案】fact后加that 【解析】考查同位語從句。根據(jù)句意“更糟糕的是，我不得不和

42、一個(gè)我不認(rèn)識(shí)的人共用一間雙人房，盡管我已經(jīng)為一間單人房付了錢。”可知the fact 后面跟的是同位語從句。而同位語從句中引導(dǎo)詞是不能省略的，故在fact后加that。 8．As the College Entrance Examinations will be held in June, the students should make full use of time to review that what they have learned. 【答案】去掉tha

43、t 【解析】考查賓語從句。review后面是賓語從句，只能用一個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞，而此引導(dǎo)詞在此從句中做主語，故把that去掉。 3．檢查賓語從句與主句的時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)是否正確。 【思路點(diǎn)撥】 9．How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely on what he goes with, whether his friends or relatives. 【答案】what

44、改為who 【解析】考查賓從句。介詞on后面是賓語從句，在根據(jù)句意“一個(gè)人享受旅行的樂趣在很大程度上取決于他跟誰一起，無論是朋友還是親戚?！笨芍褀hat改為who。 10．I'm afraid he's more of a talker than a doer, which is that he never finishes anything. 【答案】that改為why 【解析】考查表語從句。根據(jù)句意“恐怕與其說他是一個(gè)實(shí)干家，不如說他是個(gè)空談?wù)?，那就是為什么他從來沒有完成過任何事情?！笨芍裻hat改為why。 模擬訓(xùn)練 一．單句

45、語法填空 1．(2019·河北保定、唐山聯(lián)考)I asked him ____________his father had done so that he became such a good person. 【答案】what 【解析】句意：我問他他的父親做了什么，使他成為一個(gè)如此好的人。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)賓語從句，作asked的賓語，從句中缺少had done的賓語，指“什么”，因此用what引導(dǎo)該從句。 2．(2019·福建安溪模擬)Success partially depends on ____________you have the patience to do simple thi

46、ngs perfectly. 【答案】whether　 【解析】句意：成功部分取決于你是否有耐心把簡(jiǎn)單的事情做得完美。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)賓語從句，作介詞on的賓語，意為“是否”，故填whether。 3．(2019·山東師大附中模擬)My first task was to decide where to go and ____________to get there. 【答案】how　 【解析】句意：我的第一項(xiàng)任務(wù)是決定去哪里及如何到達(dá)那里。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知設(shè)空處表示“如何”，故填how。 4．(2019·山東泰安期中)Students can choose __________they w

47、ant to do and register online. 【答案】what/whatever　　 【解析】句意：學(xué)生們可以選擇他們想做的(任何)事情并在網(wǎng)上注冊(cè)?！癬___________they want to do”為賓語從句，該從句缺少賓語，故填what或whatever。 5．(2019·湖南岳陽一中檢測(cè))Mr. White is opposed to repairing the old building, and that’s ____________I don’t agree.　 【答案】where　 【解析】句意：懷特先生反對(duì)維修那座舊建筑，而那正是我不同意的地

48、方。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)表語從句，從句中agree 是不及物動(dòng)詞，其后不能直接接名詞作賓語。故填where在從句中作狀語。 6．(2019·福建福州模擬)The problem is ____________one less hour of sleep is not equal to an extra hour of achievement. 【答案】that 【解析】句意：?jiǎn)栴}是少睡一小時(shí)不等同于額外的一小時(shí)的成就。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，is后為表語從句，從句的結(jié)構(gòu)和句意完整，故填that。 7．(2019·山東臨沂重點(diǎn)中學(xué)聯(lián)考)Twenty-five years later the travel

49、er returned to the same place.____________he saw amazed him. He could not believe his own eyes. 【答案】What　 【解析】句意：25年后，這位旅行者回到了同一個(gè)地方。他所看到的使他震驚。他不敢相信自己的眼睛。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)主語從句，且在從句中作賓語，表示事物，所以用What。 8．(2019·福建龍巖五校期中)Therefore, it is advisable ____________you should value and treat them with care. 【答案】that 【

50、解析】句意：因此人們建議你應(yīng)該珍惜、謹(jǐn)慎對(duì)待它們?！癬___________you should value and treat them with care”為主語從句，該從句不缺任何成分，故用that引導(dǎo)。 9．(2019·福建福州三中期中)They would appreciate it, to be frank，____________the goods could be delivered as soon as possible. 【答案】if 【解析】句意：坦白地說，如果貨物能夠盡快被運(yùn)送，他們將會(huì)非常感激。would appreciate it if...表示“如果……將不

51、勝感激”，it作形式賓語，if引導(dǎo)的是真正的賓語從句。 10.．(2019·廈門一中高三模擬)His success in digital field proved ________ it took to be a best CEO． 【答案】what 【解析】句意：他在數(shù)字領(lǐng)域的成功證明了要想成為最好的CEO所需要的條件。proved后接賓語從句。因?yàn)閺木渲衪ook缺賓語，且該賓語意為“……的事物(東西)”，填what。 11．(2019·河北省保定市月考)Built over 2,200 years ago in ________ is now Sichuan Prov

52、ince in Southwest China, this amazing engineering achievement is still used today． 【答案】what 【解析】句意：2,200多年前在現(xiàn)在的中國西南部的四川省，建造的這個(gè)驚人的工程至今仍在使用。what引導(dǎo)賓語從句，作介詞in的賓語，同時(shí)在賓語從句中作主語。 12.(2019·廣東省五校高三聯(lián)考)In Japan, it is recognized that the best communication is ________ you don't speak at all． 【答案】when 【解析

53、】句意：在日本，人們公認(rèn)最好的交流是當(dāng)你什么也不說時(shí)。根據(jù)語境可知，此處填when引導(dǎo)表語從句。 二．單句改錯(cuò) 1．(2019·海南?？谡{(diào)研)As students，which we can repay our mothers is to spare no effort to study hard. ____________________ 【答案】which改為what 【解析】句意：which→what　解析：分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，逗號(hào)后至is前的部分為主語從句，引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作repay

54、的賓語，指“什么”，應(yīng)用what引導(dǎo)。故將which改為what。 2．(2019·唐山模擬)It’s a great pity what we won’t be able to finish the task on time. ___________ 【答案】what改為that　　 【解析】句意：It作形式主語，真正的主語為that引導(dǎo)的從句。 3．(2019·吉林長春監(jiān)測(cè) )That is known to us that respect for one’s parents is one of Chinese traditional moral values.

55、 ____________________ 【答案】That→It 【解析】句意：It is known to us that...為固定句式，表示“我們都知道，眾所周知”，其中It為形式主語，that引導(dǎo)的主語從句為真正的主語，故將That改為It。 4．(2019·江蘇質(zhì)檢)The hope he may recover is not gone yet．__________ 【答案】hope后加that 【解析】本句中含有同位語從句，其中連接詞that不能省略。故在hope后加that。 14