裕興新概念英語第二冊筆記 第57課

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1、Four short words sum up what has lifted most successful individuals above the crowd: a little bit more. ------------------------------------------author ------------------------------------------date 裕興新概念英語第二冊筆記 第57課 裕興新概念英語第二冊筆記 第57課 Lesson 57 Can I help you, madam? 您要買什么，夫人？ D

2、id the woman get what she wanted? A woman in jeans stood at the window of an expensive shop. Though she hesitated for a moment, she finally went in and asked to see a dress that was in the window. The assistant who served her did not like the way she was dressed. Glancing at her scornfully, h

3、e told her that the dress was sold. The woman walked out of the shop angrily and decided to punish the assistant next day. She returned to the shop the following morning dressed in a fur coat, with a handbag in one hand and a long umbrella in the other. After seeking out the rude assistant, she aske

4、d for the same dress. Not realizing who she was, the assistant was eager to serve her this time. With great difficulty, he climbed into the shop window to get the dress. As soon as she saw it, the woman said she did not like it. She enjoyed herself making the assistant bring almost everything in the

5、 window before finally buying the dress she had first asked for. 參考譯文 一位穿著牛仔褲的婦女站在一家高檔商店的櫥窗前。她雖然猶豫了片刻，但終于還是走進(jìn)了商店，要求把陳列在櫥窗里的一件衣服拿給她看。接待她的售貨員不喜歡她的那副打扮，輕蔑地看了她一眼后，便告訴她那件衣服已經(jīng)賣出去了。這位婦女怒氣沖沖地走出了商店，決定第二天教訓(xùn)一下那個售貨員。第二天上午，她又來到這家商店，穿了一件裘皮大衣，一只手拎著一只手提包，另一只手拿著一把長柄傘。找到那個無禮的售貨員后，她還要看昨天的那件衣服。那個售貨員沒有認(rèn)出她是誰，這一回接待她的

6、態(tài)度非常殷勤。費(fèi)了好大勁兒，他爬進(jìn)櫥窗去取那件衣服。這位婦女對那件衣服只看一眼，就說不喜歡。她開心地迫使那位售貨員把櫥窗里幾乎所有的東西都拿了出來，最后才買下了她最先要看的那一件。 【New words and expressions】（8） 1 madam['m?d?m] n.(對婦女的尊稱)太太，夫人 2 jeans[d?i:nz] n.牛仔褲 3 hesitate['heziteit] v.猶豫，遲疑 4 serve [s?:v] v.接待(顧客) 5 scornfully ['sk?:nfuli] ad.輕蔑地 6 punish ['p?ni?] v.懲罰 7 fu

7、r [f?:] n.裘皮 8 eager ['i:g?] a.熱切的，熱情的 一、單詞講解 madam 對女子的尊稱（已婚，未婚者均可） Dear Sir 親愛的先生 Dear Madam親愛的女士類似中文的敬啟者 miss 1)對未婚女子姓名前的稱謂 Miss Hill 希爾小姐 the Miss world 世界小姐 2)小學(xué)生對女教師的尊稱 Mrs. 夫人（已婚女子姓或姓名前） Mrs. Jane Brown布朗簡夫人 Mr. 先生(Mister)（男子姓或姓名前） Mr. Brown布朗先生 Mr. Chairman 主席

8、先生 Mr. President 總統(tǒng)先生 Sir 1)對男子的禮貌稱呼 eg. Yes，slr.是的，長宮 2)中小學(xué)生對男教師的稱呼 3)信的稱呼 Dear Sir 敬啟者 Dear Madam Ms [miz] 女士（己婚或未婚女子姓或姓名前） Ms. Mary Green格林瑪麗小姐 jeans(pl.)牛仔褲 close-fitting pants 牛仔褲 wear Jeans 穿牛仔褲 blue jeans 藍(lán)色的牛仔褲 bluejacket 水兵，水手 hesitate V. 遲疑，躊躇，猶豫 hesitate

9、 at sth 對。o。猶豫 /hesitate about sth/hesitate over sth eg. She hesitated before accepting his invitation. 她在接受邀請之前非常猶豫。 He hesitates at nothing. 他從不優(yōu)柔寡斷。 hesitate to do sth 猶豫做某事 eg. Don't hesitate to tell me if you have any requests. 你有任何要求的話一定要告訴我，不要猶豫告訴我。 hesitate about wh 關(guān)于…而猶豫

10、eg. We seldom hesitate about where to stay in Pairs. 關(guān)于在巴黎呆在哪我們從來不猶豫 hesitate in doing sth 猶豫做某事 eg. I seldom hesitate in telling the truth. 我毫不猶豫地說出實情。 hesitation n. 猶豫. 遲疑 without hesitation 毫不猶豫 serve 1)V. 效力，（為…）工作，供職，經(jīng)歷；服務(wù)；接待 eg: She served her father as a capable secretary. 她

11、為爸爸工作，是一個能干的秘書。 He served two terms as president. 他擔(dān)任過兩任總統(tǒng)。 serve a sentence 服刑 2)v. 有用，符合，（食物）足夠…人的份額 eg. The cake can serve ten people. 那個蛋糕足夠十個人吃。 Is this enough money to serve your need?這筆錢夠滿足你的需要嗎？ serve to do 對做…有用 eg. This agreement will serve e to promote the trade between Japa

12、n and China. 這項協(xié)議對促進(jìn)中日貿(mào)易將起到有益作用。 service n. 服務(wù) at one's service 隨時隨地為某人服務(wù) eg. I'm at your service. 我為您效勞。 service station 加油站 /gas filling station service industry 服務(wù)業(yè) scorn 1)n. 鄙視，輕蔑 eg. He had nothing but scorn. for my idea. 他對我的主意充滿了鄙視。 pour scorn on sb 以鄙夷的口氣說道某事（物）

13、 pour scorn on sth pour vt.灌，倒，注vi.傾瀉，流出 2) vt.鄙視，傲慢地拒絕 scorn sb' s invitation 傲慢的拒絕某人的邀清 scorn sb' s advice 鄙視某人的建議 scorn sb' s offer 拒絕某人的幫助 scorn to ask for help 不屑于求助 scorn to ask for help 不屑于求助 scornful adj. 鄙視的，輕蔑的 a scornful smile 輕蔑的微笑 a scornful look 鄙視的表情

14、 scornfully adv. 鄙視地，輕蔑地 eg. The assistant glanced at her scornfully.那個售貨員輕蔑地瞥了她一眼。 punish v. 懲罰 punitive[‘pju:nitiv] adj. 處罰的 punish sb 懲罰某人 punish sb for sth 因為某事懲罰某人 give a lesson to sb 教訓(xùn)某人一頓 /teach a lesson to sb eg: The teacher punished him for cheating on the exam. 因為

15、考試作弊老師懲罰了他。 The murderer was punished by death. 這個謀殺犯被判處死刑。 punishment n. 懲罰 capital punishment 死刑 undergo punishment 遭受懲罰 eg: The punishment should fit the crime 罪刑相當(dāng)。 The judge inflicted severe punishment on the criminal. 法官對那個犯人施以重刑。 fine 1)n. 罰金，罰款 a heavy fine 一筆很重的罰款 2)v. 罰…

16、款 fine sb罰某人的款 eg. He was fined￡3，500. 他被罰了3500英鎊。 ticket ['tikit] 罰款單 fur n. 動物的毛皮，毛皮上衣 a coat of fur裘皮大衣 a fur coat make the fur fly 引起爭吵，打斗 fur seal海狗 fir冷杉（常用作圣誕樹） furry adj. 毛茸茸的 a furry toy 一個毛茸茸的玩具 leather n. 皮革 leather shoe 皮鞋 leather gloves 皮手套 feather

17、n. 羽毛 birds of a feather 物以類聚 skin n. 皮膚 hair n. 頭發(fā)，毛發(fā) eager adj. 熱情的，熱切的 be eager for sth 熱切的期盼某事物 be eager to do sth熱切的做某事 eg. We are eager for success. 我們熱切的期待著成功。 Every one of us is eager for beautiful English. 我們每個人都希望講一口流利的英語。 He is eager to please. 他極想討好別人。 be eage

18、r that eg. The president is eager that the project should be started early. 總統(tǒng)期待著這個項目早些開始。 eagerly adv. 熱切地，殷切地 eg. He listened to me eagerly. 他殷切地聽我講話。 eagerness n.殷切 with eagerness 殷切地 eagerness for wealth渴望財富 二、關(guān)鍵句型Key Structures 帶at，in，off，with的短語 at: at 27 West Street 在西大街2

19、7號 at the bus stop 在公共汽車站 at the station 在車站 at a small village 在一個小村莊 at the door 在門口 在具體地址或某一小地點前用at in：in the street 在大街上 in a country 在一個國家 in Berlin 在柏林 in the park 在公園 in a room 在房間 in有范圍的地方 1)在。o。里面 2)在某（大）地方 off: come off 掉了 take off 拿掉，脫掉 roll off 滾落 o

20、ff 指離開 in與with in 用來描述某人的穿戴 with某人有某生理特征，某物伴隨著某人或某人隨身攜帶著 in blue 穿著藍(lán)衣衣服 in a blue coat 穿著藍(lán)色的外套 in a black suit 穿著黑色的西服 the man with long hair 留著長發(fā)的男子 a man with a scar on his face 臉上有道疤的男子 the woman with a handbag 帶著手提包的婦女 三、課文講解Text A woman in jeans stood at the window

21、 of an expensive shop. Though she hesitated for a moment, she finally went in and asked to see a dress that was in the window. 語法點： though 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句 that 引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾dress The assistant who served her did not like the way she was dressed. 注意本句話中間兩個定語從句 the way she was dressed 她打扮的方式 the

22、 way he talks 他講話的方式 the way he solved the problem 他解決問題的方式 dress 1)vt.穿衣，給…穿衣（強(qiáng)調(diào)動作） eg. She dressed her baby. 她給她的孩子穿衣服。 2)穿著（強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)） eg. He dressed well. 他穿著華麗。 be dressed穿著，打扮（強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)） eg. He was well dressed. 他穿著華麗。 be dressed in 穿著什么衣服 eg. The lady was dressed in white at th

23、e party. 在派對上那個女士穿著白衣服。 put on穿，戴（強(qiáng)調(diào)動作） take off脫掉 eg. Put your coat on when you go out. 當(dāng)你出去時把外套穿上。 wear穿著（強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)）與be dressed in相同 eg. 工wear jeans at home. 我在家穿牛仔 Glancing at her scornfully, he told her that the dress was sold. The woman walked out of the shop angrily and decided to puni

24、sh the assistant next day. She returned to the shop the following morning dressed in a fur coat, with a handbag in one hand and a long umbrella in the other. the following morning 第二天早上 the next morning the following day 第二天 the next day dressed in a fur coat 穿著裘皮大衣 過去分詞做伴隨狀語 in one hand--

25、-in the other 一只手里…另一只手里 on the one hand-- on the other hand 一方面…另一方面（引出相互矛盾的觀點， 意見等） Eg. On the one hand, you accepted his gift; on the other hand, you are rude to him. What are your actual attitude to him? 一方面你接受他的禮物；另一方面你對他很粗魯。你到底對他什么態(tài)度啊？ After seeking out the rude assistant, she asked

26、 for the same dress. after seeking out seeking是動名詞作介詞after的賓語 seek-sought- sought 尋找，找到，得到 eg. We sought long and hard but found no answer. 我們費(fèi)力多時也沒能找到答案。 seek happiness 追求幸福 seek comfort 追求安逸 seek wealth 追求財富 young graduates seeking success in life 探索人生成功之路的年輕畢業(yè)生 Not realizing who

27、she was, the assistant was eager to serve her this time. Not realizing: without realizing 分詞短語的否定形式作原因狀語 eg. Not knowing her address, we couldn't get in touch with her. 不知道她的地址，我們沒法跟她取得聯(lián)系。 The doctor, not wishing to make her nervous, did not fully explain the seriousness of her condition. 醫(yī)生并

28、不想讓她緊張，所以沒有充分解釋她情況的嚴(yán)重性。 the assistant(美clerk)售貨員 assistant 助手 a laboratory assistant 實驗室的助手 an assistant manager 經(jīng)理助理 assistant professor 助理教授 With great difficulty, he climbed into the shop window to get the dress. with great difficulty 費(fèi)了好大勁 with +抽象名詞結(jié)構(gòu)在句子中作狀語，與該名詞所對應(yīng)的副詞形式相同

29、。如果要修飾該詞組，在名詞前加形容詞。 with great difficulty 費(fèi)了好大勁 with little difficulty難度不大 with no difficulty 根本不費(fèi)勁 with care: carefully 小心地 with ease: easily 容易地 with pleasure 愿意地，榮幸地 As soon as she saw it, the woman said she did not like it. She enjoyed herself making the assistant bring almost

30、everything in the window before finally buying the dress she had first asked for. enjoy oneself doing sth開心的做某事 eg. She enjoys herself making fun of other. 她以捉弄別人為樂。 make sb do sth 讓某人做某事 eg. I can' t make him change his mind. 我不能讓他改變主意。 The teacher made the boy write the exercise again. 老

31、師讓這個孩子重做練習(xí)。 let sb do(allow, permit) 允許，讓 eg. Don' t let him persuade you. 不要讓他說服了你。 Let me try 讓我試一下。 Don' t let the children touch anything in this room please. 別讓孩子們碰房間里的任何東西。 Let life be beautiful as summer flowers and death like autumn leaves. 生如夏花之燦爛，死如秋葉之靜美。 四、練習(xí)Exercises 1. T

32、he assistant _____ her did not like the way she was dressed. A. served C. who serving B. serving D. was serving 分析：B. 是現(xiàn)在分詞，同后面的her構(gòu)成分詞短語可以作定語修飾 assistant ; A. 是過去分詞，表示被動的意思； C. 不構(gòu)成定語從句； D. 不能作定語。 答案為B. 2. After ____ out the rude assistant she asked for the same dress. A. she was seeking

33、 B. she had sought C. sought D. when she sought 分析：該句的主句是過去時，從句是以After引導(dǎo)的，應(yīng)該用過去完成時，或一般過去時 A. 是過去進(jìn)行時； C. 缺少主語：D. 已有引導(dǎo)詞when，不能與after連用； 答案為B 3. She sought out the rude assistant. He had been ___ polite. A. un- C. in- B. im- D. dis- 分析：凡是以字母p開頭的形容詞，為了讀音方便，其反義詞都是在前面加前綴im-而不是ln

34、-; 如impossible， impatient，imperfect等。 答案為B. 4. The solider was ____ of running away when the enemy attacked. A. scolded C. accused B. charge D. punished 分析：be scolded for sth指“被責(zé)罵”； be charged with和be accused of都指“被指控”，但搭配的介詞不同： be punished for指“受懲罰”。 答案為C 六、補(bǔ)充內(nèi)容 諺語 1. Make hay while the sun shines. 曬草要趁太陽好，抓住時機(jī)：勿失良機(jī)。 2. Many hands make light work. 人多好辦事。 --------------------------------------------------