B2U5 定語從句中介詞+關(guān)系詞的用法,講解,練習(xí)和答案

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1、介詞+關(guān)系代詞的使用情況 1. 用于這種情況的關(guān)系代詞一般為which（指物）和whom（指人）。在這種結(jié)構(gòu)中，介詞的選擇非常關(guān)鍵，可以遵循以下四個(gè)原則： （1）根據(jù)定語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞確定介詞，其動(dòng)詞與介詞搭配，構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞短語。例如： Is this the car for which you paid a high price? （pay for）這是你花大價(jià)錢買的車嗎？ In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person to whom she could turn for help. （t

2、urn to sb. for help）在黑暗的街上，她找不到一個(gè)人來幫助她。 The man with whom you shook hands just now is our English teacher. （shake hands with sb. ）剛才你和他握手的那個(gè)人是我們的英語老師。 （2）根據(jù)定語從句中的形容詞確定介詞，其形容詞與介詞搭配，構(gòu)成形容詞短語。例如： The two things about which Karl Marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms.

3、（be sure about）馬克思沒有把握的兩件事是：語法和習(xí)慣用法。 The teacher with whom the students in our class are popular is Mr Wang, our English teacher. （be popular with）在我們班，深受學(xué)生歡迎的是王老師－－我們的英語老師。 （3）根據(jù)定語從句修飾的先行詞確定介詞，其先行詞往往是表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、方法、工具等的詞，它們與介詞之間有一定的聯(lián)系。當(dāng)“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”在定語從句中充當(dāng)時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因狀語時(shí)，可分別用when, where, why替換

4、。例如： I’ll never forget the day on which （= when ）I joined the army. 我永遠(yuǎn)也忘不了我參軍的那一天。 The factory in which （= where）his father works is far away from my hometown. 他父親工作的那家工廠離我們家鄉(xiāng)很遠(yuǎn)。 I don’t know the reason for which （＝why）he was late for school. 我不知道他為何上學(xué)遲到。 This is the camera wi

5、th which he often takes photos. 這就是他經(jīng)常用來拍照的相機(jī)。 （4）根據(jù)句子的意思確定介詞。有些句子，先行詞完全一樣，定語從句中謂語動(dòng)詞不是由固定的動(dòng)詞短語構(gòu)成的，這時(shí)，要根據(jù)句子所要表達(dá)的意思，選用不同的介詞。例如： This is the pilot for whom I bought a camera. （意思是：I bought a camera for the pilot. ）這就是我給他買相機(jī)的那位飛行員。 This is the pilot with whom my brother has worked for

6、ten years. （意思是：My brother has worked with the pilot for ten years. ）這就是和我弟弟一起工作了十年的那位飛行員。 This is the pilot by whom my son was saved. （意思是：My son was saved by this pilot. ）這就是救了我兒子的那位飛行員。 2. 介詞若與從句中的動(dòng)詞詞組有關(guān)，可前置于關(guān)系代詞前，也可置于動(dòng)詞后，但若此介詞與動(dòng)詞為固定詞組，則此介詞一般不前置。例如： Yesterday we paid a visit to t

7、he house in which Lu Xun lived. →Yesterday we paid a visit to the house which Lu Xun lived in. 昨天，我們參觀了魯迅的故居。 This is the very pen that I’m look for. （look for為固定詞組，則介詞for不可前置。）那就是我正在找的那支鋼筆。 3. 限定性定語從句中，介詞前置時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞不能用that，且不能省略；若介詞后置，則可以用that，也可以省略。例如： This is the school in wh

8、ich I studied 3 years ago. →This is the school（which / that）I studied in 3 years ago. 這就是三年前我學(xué)習(xí)的那所學(xué)校。 4. 表示所屬關(guān)系時(shí)，介詞應(yīng)用of，關(guān)系代詞為which / whom, 即n. + of + which / whom，可轉(zhuǎn)換為whose+ n. 。例： He lives in a room, the window of which faces west. →He lives in a room, whose window faces

9、 west. 他住的房間，窗子向西開著。 The child was saved by a man, the name of whom was not known. →The child was saved by a man, whose name was not known. 這個(gè)孩子被一位不知姓名的男子所救。 5. 表示整體中的一部分或……中最……的，介詞一般也用of。例如： The Greens have two daughters, both of whom are college students. 格林夫婦有兩個(gè)

10、女兒，她們都是大學(xué)生。 不要混淆：The Greens have three daughts，and two of them are students。 China has many rivers, the longest of which is the Yangtze River. 中國(guó)有眾多河流，最長(zhǎng)的是長(zhǎng)江。 練習(xí)題 一、填入“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞（即介詞+which/whom）： 1. The ship, ___ _ the Europeans sailed to the American continent, was called the May

11、flower. 2. The family ________ _ I stayed in Rome is coming to England soon. 3. He has written a book, the name________ _ I have completely forgotten. 4. It is a family of 8 children, all ___ _ are studying music. 5. Can you suggest a time ____ _ it will be convenient to meet? 6.

12、The town, _________ they came, was in the north of the province. 7. Here are some blouses, none ____ suits me. 8. The fur coat _____ _ the lady was dressed was very expensive. 9. The emperor, _______ _ the palace was built, was very cruel. 10. Little Peter had a dream ___ _ h

13、e was taken to the amusement park. 11. He spent a wonderful summer, ____ _ he joined us in the camping trip. 12. The money, ___ _ he bought the bike, was given by his grandfather. 13. The buses, most _______ _ were already full, left the school one after another. 14. Ann W

14、hite, _____ _ we received the invitation, lives next door to us. 15. The story, ________ the film is based, is a true one. 16. The USA is a large country _____________ many different dialects are spoken. 二、介詞填空： 1.The speed____ which you drive your car mustn’t too high. 2.I

15、n the park there are many flowers, the color_____ which is bright and nice. 3.The little girl is reading a book,_____ which there are many pictures. 4.What were the things_______ which he was not too sure? 5.They held a meeting,____ which the hospital director made a speech. 6.The book,_____ w

16、hich he paid 6 Yuan, is worth reading. 7.Is this the man____ whose house the police found the lost colored TV? 8.The villagers dug along tunnel________ which they could go to the fields without being found by the Japanese soldiers. 9.Wu Dong,_____ whom I went to the concert, enjoyed it very much.

17、 10.The stories about Long March,_____ which this is one example, are well written. 三、單選選擇：（各省高考題） 1. He was educated at a local grammar school, ____ he went on to Cambridge. A. from which B. after that C. after which D. from this 2.She was educated at Beijing University, ____

18、____ she went on to have her advanced study abroad.? A. after that? B. from that C. from which? D. after which 3.Gun control is a subject _________Americans have argued for a long time. A. of which B. with which C. about which D. into which 4.Wind power is an ancient

19、source of energy ______we may return in the near future. A. on which B. by which C. to which D. from which 5.The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people ,many of ______left their village homes for a better life in the city. A.whom B.which C.them D.whose 6

20、.The English play _____ my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success. A.for which B. at which C. in which D. on which 7. The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, _____ the s ailing time was 226 days. A. of which B. during which

21、 C. from which D. for which 8. Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes ______ people were eaten by the tiger. A. in which B. by which C. which D. that 9. She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction ___

22、__had taken more than three years. A.for which B. with which C. of which D. to which 10.The place ____ the bridge is supposed to be built should be ___ the cross-river traffic is the heaviest. A. which; where B. at which; which C. at which; where D. which; in which

23、 11.Eric received training in the computer for one year,______he found a job in a big company. A.after that B.after which C.after it D.after this 12.Villagers here depend on the fishing industry,________there won't be much work. A.where B.that C.by which D.wi

24、thout which 13.Last week,only two people came to look at the house,________wanted to buy it. A.none of them B.both of them C.none of whom D.neither of whom 14. In the office I never seem to have time until after 5：30 pm_______，many people have gone home. A.whose time B.that

25、 C.on which D.by which time 15.Whenever I met her, _______was fairly often,she greeted me with a sweet smile. A.who B.which C.when D.that 16.She brought with her three friends,none of ______I had ever met before. A.them B.who C.whom D.these

26、 17.Many children, _________parents are away working in big cities,are taken good care of in the village. A.their B.whose C.of them D.with whom 18.I was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, a city ________name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our min

27、d A.Which B.of which C.that D.whose 答案 1. on which 2. in which 3. of which 4. of who 5. at which 6. from which 7. of which 8. in which 9. for whom 10. in which 11. during which 12. with which 13. of which 14. from which 15. on which 答案 1. at 2.of 3 in 4 about 5. at 6. for 7. in 8 through 9. with 10 of 1-5：C D C C A 6-10： C A A C C 11-18：B D D D B C B D 4