【】2021中考英語 寫作題型篇

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1、 寫作題型篇 8 01 命題趨勢 考標(biāo)導(dǎo)向化 1.命題特點(diǎn) 書面表達(dá)是全國各地中考的必考題型，其目的在于考查學(xué)生運(yùn)用各項(xiàng)語法知識、正確進(jìn)行書面表達(dá)的能力以及理解情景提示的內(nèi)容、抓住要點(diǎn)和中心思想的能力。書面表達(dá)分值在15分左右。題型主要有話題作文、看圖作文和應(yīng)用作文三種，其中話題作文和應(yīng)用作文所占比重較大。 2.內(nèi)容特點(diǎn) (1)常見的體裁有：記敘文、描寫文、說明文和應(yīng)用文(包括書信、日記、通知、便條、賀卡、啟事、電話留言條)等。 (2)題材與生活實(shí)際緊密聯(lián)系，并關(guān)注社會焦點(diǎn)、熱點(diǎn)問題，體現(xiàn)人文關(guān)懷。 (3)注重情境設(shè)計。書面表達(dá)中所設(shè)計的情

2、景密切聯(lián)系現(xiàn)實(shí)生活，寫作題材源于生活，使學(xué)生有話可說，有利于學(xué)生寫出真情實(shí)感，也有利于學(xué)生主動性、創(chuàng)造性的發(fā)揮。 (4)內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)清楚，表達(dá)形式多樣，為學(xué)生提供更自由的發(fā)揮空間。 預(yù)計2015年中考對書面表達(dá)的考查難度會稍有加大，文體以應(yīng)用作文為主，話題作文和看圖作文將有增加的趨勢；內(nèi)容會更加廣泛，貼近社會生活。 02 題型解讀 題型歸類化 ◆類型Ⅰ話題作文 【解題策略】 此類題型通常會給出一定的提示，如中文提示、英文提示、關(guān)鍵詞提示、要點(diǎn)提示、首句提示等，要求根據(jù)這些提示寫一篇完整的短文。有時題目會有一個圖表材料，其中包括所有的要點(diǎn)和提示，要求學(xué)生抓住要點(diǎn)信

3、息，按一定的主題和體裁進(jìn)行寫作。寫作時，應(yīng)注意以下三點(diǎn)： 1.認(rèn)真審題，看清題目中的要求 寫作書面表達(dá)前要認(rèn)真仔細(xì)地閱讀有關(guān)的提示，弄清試題提供的所有信息，它包含哪些情景、內(nèi)容和要求，要明確題目有哪些要點(diǎn)，且要點(diǎn)必須齊備。要考慮用哪種體裁，是記敘文、說明文還是議論文；用第幾人稱來表述；選擇什么時態(tài)。這樣，思路才能條理清晰。 2.根據(jù)提示內(nèi)容，列出寫作要點(diǎn)及每個要點(diǎn)中可能運(yùn)用到的表達(dá) 話題作文通常會給出一些漢語提示(有時也會給出一些英語參考詞匯)。首先應(yīng)認(rèn)真閱讀提示內(nèi)容，列出寫作要點(diǎn)，注意不要漏掉所給出的提示內(nèi)容，同時所給的參考詞匯也要全部用上。對于以表格、圖表出現(xiàn)的描述文進(jìn)行寫作時，要

4、讀懂所隱含的信息，分析文章難點(diǎn)，確定如何去寫。在理解好中(英)文提示的基礎(chǔ)上，認(rèn)真選詞，用準(zhǔn)確的英文句子把文章的意思完整地表達(dá)出來。有時一個句子可能會有幾種表達(dá)方式，要根據(jù)實(shí)際情況選用最有把握的一種。遇到自己不是十分確定的詞句，可采用變通的方法，切忌使用難詞、難句。 3.緊扣要點(diǎn)，動筆寫作 依據(jù)寫作提綱，完成短文。在寫作的過程中，要注意句與句、段與段之間的過渡，必要時可適當(dāng)運(yùn)用表示轉(zhuǎn)折、因果、并列、比較等關(guān)系的連詞，使文章過渡平穩(wěn)、自然流暢。 【題組訓(xùn)練】 A(2014·山西) 學(xué)習(xí)方法、自我反思、合作交流、同伴互評是學(xué)習(xí)過程中幾個重要的方面。其中，有效的學(xué)習(xí)方法能使你的學(xué)習(xí)境界大開

5、，讓學(xué)習(xí)成為一種享受。 在你初中三年的學(xué)習(xí)過程中，你一定會有一些好的學(xué)習(xí)方法與你的同伴分享，請按以下要求寫一篇短文，內(nèi)容包含以下要點(diǎn)： ●your good learning method(s) ●an experience that you helped your partners ●your thoughts and feelings 要求：1.詞數(shù)80左右，提示詞僅供參考； 2.文中不得出現(xiàn)真實(shí)的人名、校名； 3.請將答案寫在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。 _______________________________________________________________

6、______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ B(2014·河南) 你身邊的每個人對你來說都具有特殊的意義。請以

7、“My special ________”為題用英語寫一篇短文，描述你家庭的某個成員或你的朋友、老師、同學(xué)等。 要求:1.在題目空格處填入你要描述的對象，如grandma，teacher或friend等; 2.文中不得出現(xiàn)真實(shí)姓名和學(xué)校名稱; 3.80詞左右。 My special ___________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

8、____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ C(2014·陜西) 在日常生活中，你看到身邊有哪些不良現(xiàn)象？請列出—些并就某些方面說說你的做法和想法。 提示：speak loudly，cut in line(插隊(duì))，waste food，unfriendly(冷漠的)，offer no help… 要求：1.參考提示語，可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮； 2.語句通順，意思連貫，書寫工整； 3.文中不得出現(xiàn)真實(shí)姓名

9、和地名； 4.詞數(shù)：不少于80詞。(開頭和結(jié)尾已給出不計入總詞數(shù)。) In our daily life, I usually see some bad behavior around us. For example,_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

10、_______ I think if everyone can think more of others, we will have a better living environment. D(2014·江西) 閱讀使人明智，閱讀使人充實(shí)。某英文報為了了解中學(xué)生課外閱讀情況，向廣大中學(xué)生做調(diào)查，請根據(jù)下面圖表信息寫一篇短文，介紹課外閱讀的益處、你的課外閱讀情況及你的閱讀計劃。 提示： 1.短文應(yīng)包括圖表中的全部信息，條理清楚，行文連貫； 2.短文中不能出現(xiàn)真實(shí)的人名和地名； Reading outside class plan benefit (益處) what ha

11、bit … Open up eyes, wise, rich… What kind of books do you like reading? Why? Do you read e-books(電子書)？ Why or why not? When do you usually read? How long do you read a day or a week? 3.詞數(shù)不少于80，開頭已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。 Reading Outside Class As we all know，reading has a

12、lot of benefits._______________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

13、_________________________________________ ◆類型Ⅱ看圖作文 【解題策略】 看圖作文是通過對圖片的觀察來獲取語言素材的，即根據(jù)圖片呈現(xiàn)的內(nèi)容，結(jié)合所給的漢語提示或英語提示來描述圖畫的內(nèi)容，使意思連貫、通順，并符合圖意。寫作看圖作文時，應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)： 1.仔細(xì)審題，弄清題目要求，明確寫作的中心思想 首先，應(yīng)將所給的全部圖畫或圖表連貫起來看，明確所給圖畫展示的是何種情景，并結(jié)合漢語或英語的提示，明確圖片所要表達(dá)的中心內(nèi)容。 2.仔細(xì)觀察圖畫，確定具體細(xì)節(jié)要素，列出寫作提綱 通常圖畫表達(dá)的是一個完整的故事情節(jié)，如：故事發(fā)生的時間、地點(diǎn)、主人公、

14、事情、結(jié)局等。根據(jù)圖畫及提示內(nèi)容列出寫作要點(diǎn)，再根據(jù)列出的要點(diǎn)確定使用哪些詞匯、句型或慣用表達(dá)法。 3.明確時態(tài)，理順?biāo)悸?，完成表達(dá) 根據(jù)圖片和提示的內(nèi)容，確定表達(dá)應(yīng)需要哪種時態(tài)；依據(jù)寫作提綱，進(jìn)一步理順寫作思路，將圖與圖之間的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系運(yùn)用一定的語言邏輯連接起來，把形象生動的圖像信息轉(zhuǎn)化為相應(yīng)的文字表達(dá)，并注意寫作過程應(yīng)詳略得當(dāng)。 【題組訓(xùn)練】 A(2014·徐州) Nancy和Victor是雙胞胎。一天他們因?yàn)榭措娨暟l(fā)生了爭執(zhí)。請根據(jù)圖片提示，并展開合理想象，完整地描述這件事情，然后談?wù)勀愕目捶ā? 要求:1.短文90詞左右，已給出的部分不計入總詞數(shù); 2.文中不得出現(xiàn)真實(shí)姓名和

15、校名。 參考詞匯:遙控器remote control Television has changed our life much since it was invented. Now it has become one important part of modern life. Nancy and Victor are twins.____________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________

16、______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ B(2014·黃岡) 你準(zhǔn)備參加學(xué)?！坝⒄Z角”開展的“用英語講故事”活

17、動，你選取了“曹沖稱象”這個大家熟悉的故事。 請你根據(jù)上邊圖片內(nèi)容，用英語寫一篇80詞以上的小短文。 注意:標(biāo)題、開頭和結(jié)尾已在答題紙上給出，不計字?jǐn)?shù)。 How Cao Chong Had the Elephant Weighed Cao Cao was very glad to have received an elephant as a present.He wanted to know how heavy the elephant was，but there was no scale(秤)big enough to weigh such a huge cr

18、eature. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Cao Chong said to his father with

19、 kind of pride. C(2014·臺州) 根據(jù)下邊圖片的內(nèi)容，以“Mother Stops Him”，為題，用英語寫一篇短文，向某英語報社投稿。要求如下： (1)描述圖中發(fā)生的亊件； (2)簡單分析媽媽的行為對孩子可能產(chǎn)生的不良影響； (3)指出老人若不被扶起可能出現(xiàn)的后果； (4)倡議人們彼此信任、互相幫助。 詞數(shù):80-100。標(biāo)題和開頭已給出，不計人總詞數(shù)。 參考詞匯：lift…up扶起knock…down撞倒trust信任 Mother Stops Him Here is a picture from a news report. In the pi

20、cture，we can see three people. An old woman is lying on the ground._____________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

21、____________________________________ D(2014·湖州) 合理安排閑暇時間有助于養(yǎng)成良好的生活習(xí)慣，最近你們班同學(xué)就How to Spend Free Time 進(jìn)行了交流。請結(jié)合下圖所提供的信息，用英語寫一篇短文，并談?wù)勀愕目捶ā? 要求：1.短文必須包括圖中全部信息，可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮； 2.條理清晰，能表明自己的觀點(diǎn)并說明理由； 3.80-100詞，開頭已給出，不計入總數(shù)； 4.短文中不能出現(xiàn)真實(shí)姓名、校名、地名等信息。 How to Spend Free Time Recently my classmates have talked ab

22、out how to spend our free time._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ◆類型Ⅲ 應(yīng)

23、用作文 【解題策略】 應(yīng)用作文在人們的日常生活、工作和學(xué)習(xí)中運(yùn)用最為廣泛，因此是近幾年中考高頻書面表達(dá)題型之一。它包括書信(明信片)、電子郵件、日記、便條(請假條、留言條、電話記錄、賀卡)、通知、啟事(失物啟事、招領(lǐng)啟事、征聘啟事)、發(fā)言稿等。寫作應(yīng)用文要把握好以下四點(diǎn)： 1.確定格式 英語中書信、電話留言、e-mail等都有一定的書寫格式習(xí)慣；而發(fā)言稿、值日報告、演講稿等也有較為固定的格式，開場白一般用Good morning/afternoon/evening!My dear friends! 或者Ladies and gentlemen!接下來是正文，結(jié)束語常用That’s al

24、l.Thank you! Thanks for your attention.Thanks for listening. 2.確定內(nèi)容 依據(jù)內(nèi)容，列出寫作要點(diǎn)，注意不要漏掉所給出的提示內(nèi)容，同時所給的參考詞匯也要全部用上。在語言的使用上，要認(rèn)真把握。如：若是寫發(fā)言稿的話，因?yàn)榘l(fā)言稿是面向聽眾的，所以最好使用大眾化的語言，做到簡潔明快、條理清楚、觀點(diǎn)明確。 3.確定人稱 應(yīng)用文往往采用第一人稱的形式。 4.確定時態(tài) 應(yīng)用文在時態(tài)的使用方面，多用一般現(xiàn)在時，當(dāng)然在具體的寫作過程中也會涉及其他的時態(tài)，要認(rèn)真把握好。 【題組訓(xùn)練】 A(2014·安徽) 假定你是王偉，你的英國筆友Da

25、vid來信問及你們學(xué)校在暑假期間對學(xué)生的要求。請你根據(jù)以下要點(diǎn)給他回一封電子郵件。 ●家庭安全：小心用火用電，外出時關(guān)好門窗； ●游泳安全：不獨(dú)自去游泳，不去河、湖游泳； ●交通安全:過馬路要當(dāng)心，不在馬路上玩耍。 提示詞：electricity(n.電) 注意：1.詞數(shù)80-100； 2.請不要逐句翻譯，可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮； 3.文中不能出現(xiàn)真實(shí)的校名和人名； 4.郵件的開頭和結(jié)尾已為你寫好，不計入總詞數(shù)。 Dear David, Glad to receive your e-mail. Our school has made many safety rules for us t

26、o follow. Let me tell you something about them. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

27、_______________ I think these rules are necessary as safety comes first. Have a good summer holiday! Yours, Wang Wei B(2014·河北) 請閱讀Tony從美國發(fā)來的電子郵件，并根據(jù)所給提示和要求，以李華的名義回復(fù)。 Hey Li Hua! How are you dong? I’ve been busy since I came back from China. Guess what! I’m learning Chinese cooking，and I rea

28、lly enjoy it. One more thing, I hear you have Mid-Autumn Festival in China. What’s the date of the festival? How do you celebrate? Tony 提示：(1)Ask Tony something about his Chinese cooking. (2)Answer his questions about Mid-Autumn Festival. 要求：(1)郵件須包括所有提示內(nèi)容； (2)郵件中不得涉及真實(shí)的人名、校名、地名。開頭結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總

29、詞數(shù)； (3)詞數(shù)60~80。 參考詞匯：the lunar calendar(陰歷)，moon cake，watch the moon，the symbol of reunion(團(tuán)圓的象征) Hey, Tony! Good to hear from you! It’s amazing that you’re learning _____ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

30、_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Bye for now, Li Hua C(2014·孝感) 根據(jù)下列提示寫一篇80-100詞的日記，記錄5月1日(星期四)你和Tony一起去參觀湖北博物館的情況。 內(nèi)容提示： 1.天氣：晴朗； 2.距離：距家約六十公里；

31、 3.交通工具：公共汽車； 4.時間：上午7點(diǎn)出發(fā)，下午4點(diǎn)回家； 5.內(nèi)容：參觀了許多圖片，文物(ancient objects)等，了解了楚文化……； 6.感想：…… 要求：1.要點(diǎn)齊全，條理清楚，語句通順，適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，語法正確，書寫規(guī)范； 2.文中不得出現(xiàn)真實(shí)校名及姓名，否則不予評分。 Thursday，May 1st Sunny ____________________________________________________________________________________________

32、______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ D(2014·武漢) 假如你是李明。本周五早上你班同學(xué)將去格林農(nóng)場參加實(shí)踐活動。請你用英語草擬一則通知。 內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)如下: 1.摘蔬菜，給植物澆水;

33、 2.7點(diǎn)校門口集合，乘車前往; 3.體驗(yàn)農(nóng)場生活，活動約2小時; 4.相互關(guān)照，注意安全; 5.補(bǔ)充一至兩點(diǎn)有關(guān)事項(xiàng)。 注意: 1.詞數(shù):60-80; 2.不要逐條翻譯，內(nèi)容要連貫; 3.通知的開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。 參考詞匯:experience v.體驗(yàn)pick v.摘activity n.活動 Fellow students， Our class are going to Green Farm this Friday morning._______ ____________________________________________________

34、____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

35、_____________________________________________________________ Thank you for your attention. 參考答案： 寫作題型篇 ◆類型Ⅰ話題作文 A）One possible version: Good learners must have good ways.Discussing in a group really helps me have a better understanding of what I’ve learned.It broadens my mind and allows

36、 me more chances to express my thoughts. Shy and nervous，my classmate Jeff used to hide himself behind books.Answering questions in public was quite a difficult job for him.Once our math teacher asked us to solve a difficult problem.I encouraged Jeff to discuss his idea with us and we found his way

37、 was so creative.Then we advised him to write his answer on the blackboard and explain it to us.Believe it or not，he did it and we saw his great improvement after that. Discussing in a group not only makes me enjoy the happiness of being a good learner but also deepens the friendship between Jeff a

38、nd me.Knowledge comes from communicating and questioning.By discussing，we learn more wisely and better. B)One possible version: My special grandma My grandma is special to me because we’re like friends.She always helps me out whenever I am in trouble.There are no secrets between us. When I am wi

39、th my grandma，we spend a lot of happy time together.I know my grandma is very smart because she seems to know everything.My grandma is good at many things.One thing she’s best at is cooking.She often cooks delicious food for me.I know my grandma loves me and I love her as well. C)One possible versi

40、on: In our daily life，I usually see some bad behavior around us.For example，I often hear people speak and laugh loudly in public.It is too noisy.Some people cut in line while others are waiting.It makes me unhappy.And in our school dining hall，I often see students waste food. At times，people seem

41、unfriendly and offer no help when others are in trouble.For me，my parents are strict with me.They often tell me to behave well.So I never drop litter about.And I never draw on the desk or on the wall.I am polite to old people. I think if everyone can think more of others，we will have a better livin

42、g environment. D)One Possible Version: Reading Outside Class As we all know，reading has a lot of benefits. It can open up our eyes because books are full of knowledge，and it makes us wiser and richer in life.I like reading newspapers and magazines，from which I get lots of fun and learn about what

43、’s going on around the world.I also read story books and novels in my spare time which make me relaxed and happy.I seldom read e-books because they’re bad for eyes.On weekends，I usually spend a whole afternoon reading in the library.And I also read for about half an hour before going to bed every ni

44、ght. Summer vacation is coming.I plan to do more reading.I am going to read more classics and more English books to improve my language skills.I’m sure reading can make a difference to my life. ◆類型Ⅱ看圖作文 A)One Possible Version: Television has changed our life much since it was invented.Now it has

45、 become one important part of modern life. Nancy and Victor are twins.They look the same in many ways.But they have different hobbies.For example，they both like watching TV.Victor likes sports.He likes watching sports news in the evening.Nancy likes watching TV plays.But there is only a TV set in t

46、heir family. One day，it was time for news.Victor wanted to watch news first.But Nancy wanted to watch her favorite TV play.They both wanted to take the remote control，then they quarreled.The sound made their mother come in.After she knew the reason why they quarreled.She told Victor，“Victor，you are

47、 the brother，I believe you can deal with the thing.” Victor’s face turned red，then he told Nancy，“You watch it，I will watch it next day.After all news will be played next day，and TV plays won’t.” Nancy smiled，so did mother. B)One Possible Version: How Cao Chong Had the Elephant Weighed Cao Cao

48、was very glad to have received an elephant as a present.He wanted to know how heavy the elephant was，but there was no scale(秤)big enough to weigh such a huge creature. One day，Cao Chong said to his father.“I’ve found a way to weigh the elephant.”Cao Chong asked a man to lead the elephant onto a boa

49、t.When the boat stopped sinking the man draw a line along on the boat side.After the elephant was led away，Cao Chong had some men put stones into the boat until the water reached the line.Cao Chong asked the men to weigh each stone from the boat and put down the number.“Add up all the numbers and we

50、 will know the weight of the elephant.” Cao Chong said to his father with kind of pride. C）One Possible Version: Mother Stops Him Here is a picture from a news report.In the picture，we can see three people.An old woman is lying on the ground.A boy is trying to lift her up，but his mother stops him

51、 at once.“Don’t do that! Others may think it’s you who have knocked her down，”she says. In my opinion，the mother’s behavior is not right.A mother should encourage her child to give others a hand.How can a child become warm-hearted if he is educated in such a way?And the old woman might feel worse o

52、r even be hit by the traffic unless we move her away in time. I hope it won’t happen again.Let’s trust each other and help anyone in trouble. D)One Possible Version: How to Spend Free Time Recently my classmates have talked about how to spend our free time.Everyone has his own way.Alan likes goi

53、ng online because it helps him relax a lot.Sometimes he does some reading.Sonia doesn’t help her parents with the housework much.Instead，she spends most of her free time watching TV. I think it’s a waste of time to watch TV or go online often.I prefer reading some interesting books，which can make m

54、y life enjoyable.At the same time，sports are also my favorite.Of course，when my parents are busy，I will help do the chores.All in all,it is important to make good use of our free time.Better habits,healthier life. ◆類型Ⅲ應(yīng)用作文 A)One possible version: Dear David， Glad to receive your e-mail.Our schoo

55、l has made many safety rules for us to follow.Let me tell you something about them. We are asked to be careful with electricity when we are using it.It is dangerous to play with fire，for it may cause terrible accidents.We should make sure doors and windows are shut before we leave.Besides，we are no

56、t allowed to swim alone，especially in deep rivers or lakes.If we really want to，we must go to the swimming poor with our parents or teachers.What’s more，following traffic rules is also very important.Everyone should watch out when crossing the road.And our school warns us not to play on the road. I

57、 think these rules are necessary as safety comes first. Have a good summer holiday! Yours， Wang Wei B)One possible version: Hi，Tony! Good to hear from you! It’s amazing that you’re learning Chinese cooking.Why are you interested in it?How are you learning?And what can you cook?Hope to en

58、joy your dishes next time! Yes，we really have Mid-Autumn Festival.It’s on August 15th of the lunar calendar.It’s one of the most important festivals in China.All the family members get together for a big dinner that day.We usually eat moon cakes while watching the moon at night.We believe the full

59、moon is the symbol of reunion. Bye for now， Li Hua C)One possible version: Thursday，May 1st Sunny It was a fine day.Tony and I went to Hubei Museum by bus.It is about sixty kilometers from home.We set off at seven o’clock.When

60、we arrived，we felt like entering the “Country Chu” centuries ago. There we saw many interesting pictures and read the instructions on the walls.We also took great interest in some ancient objects.All of them helped us know more about the history and customs of “Chu”. At 4 o’clock in the afternoon，

61、we had to return home.What a wonderful day we had! We are happy with the development of Hubei and we are proud of being a member of Hubei. D)One Possible version: Fellow students， Our class are going to Green Farm this Friday morning. Would you like to experience life?We can pick some vegetables

62、and water the plants.We’ll stay there for about 2 hours.I bet the meaningful activity will make the trip unforgettable.We’ll meet at 7 am at the school gate and take a bus there.Remember，always be with your classmates，help each other,and never do anything that may hurt you.By the way，you’d better wear your sports shoes.Have a good time. Thank you for your attention.