高中英語 Module 6 The World’s Cultural Heritage-Section 2 The Analysis of the Difficult Sentences練習(xí) 外研版選修7

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1、Module 6 The World’s Cultural Heritage Section 2 The Analysis of the Difficult Sentences from Module 6 The World’s Cultural Heritage 1. Fewer than 5% lived to the age of 50. 活到50歲的人不到5%。 to在這里表示達(dá)到某種程度，意思是“到” 動詞+to的常見短語： 動詞+ to adjust to適應(yīng)，attend to處理；照料，agree to贊同，amount to加起來達(dá)…，belong to屬于， c

2、ome to達(dá)到，drink to為…干杯，get to到達(dá)，happen to發(fā)生在某人身上，hold to緊握，lead to通向，listen to聽，occur to想起，object to反對，point to指向，respond to回答，refer to參考；指的是…；涉及，reply to回答，see to負(fù)責(zé)，stick to堅(jiān)持，turn to求助，write to給某人寫信 動詞（+sth.）+to+sb. announce to通知某人，describe to向某人描述，explain to向某人解釋，express to對某人表達(dá)，mention to提及，nod

3、 to向某人點(diǎn)頭，report to報(bào)告，say to告知，shout to對某人大叫，suggest to對某人提建議，speak to與某人交談，talk to跟某人談話，whisper to和某人低聲耳語 動詞+sth./sb.+ to +sth./sb. add to增加，compare to比作，carry to運(yùn)送至，devote to致力于，introduce to介紹給，invite to邀請參加，join to連接到，leave to委托給，reduce to下降至，sentence to判處，take to帶到 2. They have recommended tha

4、t the site be closed and repaired. 該組織提議關(guān)閉這個遺址并進(jìn)行維修。 該句中采用虛擬語氣，be前省略了should，文中還有類似的句子，“They have suggested that the general public be encouraged to help with the problem.” “A professor at the Academy has proposed that a fund be established to raise money.” “We have requested that the government get

5、 involved, but we also need assistance from ordinary people.” 下面就本課的虛擬語氣結(jié)合以上這些句子來學(xué)習(xí)虛擬語氣的運(yùn)用。 虛擬語氣用于名詞性從句 (1)虛擬語氣在賓語從句中的運(yùn)用。 ①“wish?+?賓語從句”表示不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，譯為“要是……就好了”等。 表示現(xiàn)在不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，從句中的謂語動詞用一般過去時； 表示將來不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，從句中的謂語動詞用“would/could?+?動詞原形”；? 表示過去不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，從句中的謂語動詞用“had?+?過去分詞”或“could(should)?+?have?

6、+?過去分詞”。如： I?wish?it?were?spring?all?the?year?round. I?wish?I?had?known?the?answer. I?wish?I?could?fly?like?a?bird. ②在表示建議、要求、命令的動詞suggest、advise、propose、demand、require、insist?request、command、order等后的賓語從句中，謂語動詞用should?+?動詞原形或是動詞原形，should可以省略。如： She?suggested?we?(should)leave?here?at?once.

7、 The?doctor?ordered?she?should?be?operated. (2)虛擬語氣在同位語從句和表語從句中的運(yùn)用。 作表示建議、要求、命令等的名詞advise、idea、order、demand、plan、proposal、suggestion、request等的表語從句和同位語從句，從句中的謂語動詞用“（should）?+?動詞原形”。如： His?suggestion?that?we?(should)go?to?Shanghai?is?wonderful. My?idea?is?that?they?(should) pay?100?dollars.

8、 (3)虛擬語氣在主語從句中的運(yùn)用。 在主語從句中，謂語動詞的虛擬語氣用“should?+?動詞原形”的結(jié)構(gòu)，表示驚奇、不相信、理應(yīng)如此等。如： It?is?necessary(important,?natural,?strange,?etc.)that?we?should?clean?the?room?every?day. It?was?a?pity?(a?shame,?no?wonder,?etc.) that?you?should?be?so?careless. It will be desired (suggested, decided, ordered, reques

9、ted, proposed, etc.) that she should finish her homework this afternoon. 注意：這種從句表示的是事實(shí)。如果說人對這種事實(shí)表現(xiàn)出驚奇的情感，就可用虛擬語氣。反之，如果不表示驚奇等情感，that從句也可用陳述句語氣。如： It?is?pity?that?you?can’t?swim. 虛擬語氣在其他場合的運(yùn)用 (1)虛擬語氣在as?if/as?though、even?if/even?though等引導(dǎo)的表語從句或狀語從句中，如果從句表示的動作發(fā)生在過去，用過去完成時；指現(xiàn)在狀況，則用一般過去時；指將來狀況則用過

10、去將來時。如： He?did?it?as?if?he?were?an?expert. Even?if?she?were?here,?she?could?not?solve?the?problem. (2)虛擬語氣用于定語從句中。 這種從句常用于句型“It?is?(high)time?(that)?…?”中，定語從句的謂語動詞用一般過去時(be用were)或should?+?動詞原形，意思是“(現(xiàn)在)該……”。如： It’s?time?that?I?picked?up?my?daughter. It’s?high?time?we?were?going. (3)虛擬語氣

11、用在if?only引導(dǎo)的感嘆句中。如： If?only?I?were?a?bird. If?only?I?had?taken?his?advice. (4)虛擬語氣在一些簡單句中的運(yùn)用。 ①情態(tài)動詞的過去式用于現(xiàn)在時態(tài)時，表示說話人謙虛、客氣、有禮貌或語氣委婉，常出現(xiàn)在日常會話中。如： It?would?be?better?for?you?not?to?stay?up?too?late. Would?you?be?kind?enough?to?close?the?door? ②用于一些習(xí)慣表達(dá)法中。如： Would?you?like?a?cup?of?tea?

12、 I?would?rather?not?tell?you.? 高考鏈接 1. The workers will go on strike if the demands they ____ put forward are turned down. (2020福建) A. could B. would C. / D. had 2. ____ fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off. (2020湖北) A. Would you be

13、 B. Should you be C. Could you be D. Might you be 3. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ______. (1995全國) A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken 4. You didn’t let me drive. If we _____ in turn, you _____ so tired. (1996全國)

14、 A. drove; didn’t get B. drove; wouldn’t get C. were driving; wouldn’t get D. had driven; wouldn’t have got 5. If only he ____ quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now. (2000上海) A. lies B. lay C. had lain D. should lie 6. It is hard

15、for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _____ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown. (2002上海) A. wouldn’t have fallen B. had not fallen C. should fall D. were to fall 7. Look at the trouble I am in! If only I ____ your advice. (2020上海春) A. f

16、ollowed B. would follow C. had followed D. should follow 8. -- Don't you think it necessary that he _______ to Miami but to New York? -- I agree, but the problem is ________ he has refused to. ( 2020江蘇) A. will not be sent; that B. not be sent; that C. should not be

17、 sent; what D. should not send; what 9. Without the air to hold some of the sun’s heat, the earth at night ____ which is too cold for us to live on.(1997上海) A. would be freezing cold B. will be freezing cold C. would be frozen cold D. can freeze coldly 10. The two strangers

18、talked as if they ____ friends for years.(1993上海) A. should be B. would be C. have been D. had been Keys: 1-5 CBCDC 6-8 BCBAD 3．They are a precious part of our cultural heritage – it is of vital importance that we do something. 它們是我們文化遺產(chǎn)中極其寶貴的部分—因此我們采取行動就顯得尤為重要。 of vital importance=ve

19、ry important “of+抽象名詞”相當(dāng)于該名詞相應(yīng)的形容詞。不過，這種結(jié)構(gòu)常用于較正式的場合，書面語中尤為常見。再看下面幾個句子： This book will be of great value to him in his students. (=Be very valuable) The book is of much interest. (=Be very interesting) “be of +名詞”還可以表達(dá)以下幾種意義： 1、表示“具有，具備”，如： Her story is of some colours of the truth. 她的故事有點(diǎn)真實(shí)感

20、The Party’s 16th congress is of epoch making significance.黨的十六大具有劃時代的意義。 2、表示“屬于”，如： The products are of first-rate quality.這些產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量是屬于第一流的。 3、表示“包含”、“包括”、“類別”等，如 The Americans are of almost all colures and races.美國人幾乎包括各種各樣的膚色及種族。 His whole life was of best glory.她的一生是非常光榮的。 4. 這種結(jié)構(gòu)還可表示“年齡”.“出

21、身”“等級”等，例： We are of the same age. 我們年齡相同。 He was of noble birth and high rank. 他出身于高貴門庭。 需要提及的是，“be of + 名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)的否定形式一般采用否定名詞的做法：“be of no + 名詞”。例如： He is of no colour, for he has been ill for two weeks. 他毫無血色，因?yàn)樗技矁芍芰恕? As far as the study of English was concerned, what he said was of no point.

22、就學(xué)習(xí)英語而言，他所講的并未切中要害。 4. UNESCO’s agenda for the world’s tangible and intangible heritage is also to act as a warning system for sites which are at the mercy of redevelopment, pollution or even … at the mercy of (powerless against) to be in a situation where someone or something has complete power over you: “任憑……擺布”“在……面前無能為力” Poor people are increasingly at the mercy of money-lenders. Perhaps it is humankind’s long suffering at the mercy of flood and drought that makes the ideal of forcing the waters to do our bidding so fascinating.