高考英語一輪總復習 第一部分 教材知識梳理 Unit 4 Global warming課件 新人教版選修6.ppt

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Unit4Globalwarming,重點短語,重點句型,重點單詞,1.consumevt.消費;消耗,耗盡;吃完consumptionn.消費;消耗consumedadj.耗盡的2.phenomenonn.現象phenomena(pl.)3.subscribevt.簽署(文件);捐助vi.同意;捐贈;訂閱subscriptionn.捐助;訂閱;簽名4.quantityn.量;數量quality(形近詞)n.質量5.tendvt.照顧;護理vi.趨向;易于;照顧tendencyn.傾向;趨勢6.opposevt.反對;反抗;(與某人)較量opposedadj.反對的,對立的,,,,,,,,,,,,,,重點短語,重點句型,重點單詞,7.consequencen.結果;后果;影響consequentadj.作為結果的;隨之發(fā)生的consequentlyadv.作為結果地;隨之發(fā)生地8.statevt.陳述,說明n.狀態(tài),情況;國家;州statementn.陳述,說明9.rangen.種類;范圍vi.在……范圍內變化10.glancevi.看一下;掃視n.一瞥11.steadyadj.平穩(wěn)的,穩(wěn)固的;持續(xù)的steadilyadv.平穩(wěn)地;持續(xù)地12.widespreadadj.分布廣泛的;普遍的13.averageadj.平均的n.平均數14.existencen.生存;存在existvi.生存;存在,,,,,,,,,,,,,,重點短語,重點句型,重點單詞,15.advocatevt.擁護;提倡,主張n.擁護者,支持者advocationn.擁護;提倡,主張mitmentn.承諾;交托;信奉commitvt.承諾;托付,交付17.pollutionn.污染,弄臟pollutevt.污染,弄臟18.growthn.增長;生長growvi.生長grew(過去式)grown(過去分詞)19.electricaladj.電的,與電有關的electricityn.電,電流electronicadj.電子的,電子學的,,,,,,,,,,,,,,重點短語,重點句型,重點單詞,20.circumstancen.環(huán)境;情況21.educatorn.教育工作者;教育家educationn.教育educationaladj.教育的,有教育意義的22.contributionn.貢獻contributevt.不一致disagreevi.不同意agree(反義詞)vt.造成2.subscribeto同意,贊成;訂閱3.quantitiesof/aquantityof大量的4.goup上升,增長;升起5.resultin導致6.beopposedto反對7.evenif即使8.keepon繼續(xù)9.onthewhole大體上,基本上10.onbehalfof代表……一方;作為……的代言人11.putupwith忍受,容忍12.solongas只要,,,,,,,,,,,,,重點短語,重點句型,重點單詞,13.andsoon等等14.buildup聚集,集結,,,重點短語,重點句型,重點單詞,1.如果沒有溫室效應,地球(的溫度)會比現在(的溫度)低33攝氏度左右。Withoutthe“greenhouseeffect”,theearthwouldbeaboutthirty-threedegreesCelsiuscoolerthanitis.2.毫無疑問全球在變暖,而地球變暖正是人類活動導致的,并非一種無規(guī)律的自然現象。Thereisnodoubtthattheearthisbecomingwarmerandthatitishumanactivitythathascausedthisglobalwarmingratherthanarandombutnaturalphenomenon.3.只要你在使用電器設備,你便可以把它開著;如果不用就把它關掉!It’sOKtoleaveanelectricalapplianceonsolongasyouareusingit—ifnot,turnitoff!4.所有科學家都贊同這種觀點:人們?yōu)榱松a能量而燃燒諸如煤、天然氣和石油這類化石燃料,從而引起了地球溫度的升高。Allscientistssubscribetotheviewthattheincreaseintheearth’stemperatureisduetotheburningoffossilfuelslikecoal,naturalgasandoiltoproduceenergy.,,,,,,,,,Tpared(compare)toothernaturalchanges.Sohowhasthiscomeaboutanddoesitmatter?Allscientistssubscribetotheview2.thattheincreaseintheearth’stemperatureisdueto3.theburningoffossilfuelslikecoal,naturalgasandoiltoproduceenergy.Somebyproductsofthisprocess4.arecalled(call)“greenhouse”gases,themostimportantoneof5.whichiscarbondioxide.Whenhugequantitiesofextracarbondioxide6.are(be)addedintotheatmosphere,moreheatenergytendstobetrappedintheatmosphere7.causing(cause)theglobaltemperaturetogoup.Tpletely(complete)different.Somethinkthatthetrendwhichincreasesthetemperaturewouldbeacatastrophe.Othersareopposed9.tothisviewandbelievethatweshouldnotworryabouthighlevelsofcarbondioxideintheair.Evenifwestartreducingtheamountofcarbondioxideandothergreenhousegases,theclimateisgoingtokeeponwarmingfordecades10.orcenturies.Allinall,greenhousegasesarecontinuingtobuildupintheatmosphere.Nooneknowsexactlytheeffectsofglobalwarming.,,,,,,,,,,,重點短語,重點句型,重點單詞,?subscribevt.簽名;捐助vi.訂閱;同意,贊成;捐贈;認購(股份等)Allscientistssubscribetotheviewthattheincreaseintheearth’stemperatureisduetotheburningoffossilfuelslikecoal,naturalgasandoiltoproduceenergy.所有的科學家都贊同這種觀點:人們?yōu)榱松a能量而燃燒諸如煤、天然氣和石油這類化石燃料,從而引起了地球溫度的升高。(教材原句P26)◆常見用法subscribeto訂閱(報紙、雜志等);贊同,同意(多用于疑問句和否定句);定期捐款subscribe...to...在……上簽署;向……捐款subscribefor認購(股票等),重點短語,重點句型,重點單詞,Theauthoritiesnolongersubscribetotheviewthatdisabledpeopleareunsuitableasteachers.當局不再支持殘疾人不適宜做教師的觀點。Hesubscribedalargesumtotherelieffund.他向救濟基金捐贈巨資。Eachofussubscribedfor500shares.我們每人認購500股?！衄F學活用寫出劃線詞語的含義1.Theschoolhassubscribedtomanykindsofnewmagazinesfortheteachers.訂閱2.Hesubscribedhisnametothecontract.在……上簽名3.Noonebutmadpeoplewouldsubscribetosuchviews.同意,贊同4.Wesubscribetoananimalprotectionsociety.向……定期捐款,,,,,重點短語,重點句型,重點單詞,?tendvt.照顧,照料vi.易于;趨向,傾向;照顧,照料Itmeansthatmoreheatenergytendstobetrappedintheatmospherecausingtheglobaltemperaturetogoup.這就意味著更多的熱量被困在大氣層中,從而引起全球溫度上升。(教材原句P26)◆常見用法tendtodosth.易于做某事;往往會做某事tendto/towardssth.有……的趨勢,傾向于Oldpeopletendtogetfat.老年人容易發(fā)胖。Modernfurnituredesigntendstosimplicity.現代家具設計趨向簡單?！敉卣寡由靦endencyn.傾向,趨勢haveatendencytodosth.易于做某事;往往會做某事,重點短語,重點句型,重點單詞,◆現學活用用tend的適當形式填空1.Manypeopleholdmistakenbeliefsaboutthereasonforcancer,tendingtothinkitisenvironmentalfactorsratherthanpersonalbehavior.2.IneverforgetthedayswhenIwastendedbythevillagerswhenIwaswounded.3.Thegirlisnicebutshehasatendencytotalktoomuch.,,,,重點短語,重點句型,重點單詞,?opposevt.反對,反抗Ontheotherhand,therearethose,likeGeorgeHambley,whoareopposedtothisviewandbelievethatweshouldnotworryabouthighlevelsofcarbondioxideintheair.在另一方面,還有一些人,像科學家喬治漢布利,反對上面的觀點,他們認為我們不必擔心空氣中會有高含量的二氧化碳。(教材原句P27)◆常見用法oppose(doing)sth.反對(做)某事Fatherdoesnotopposetheideaatall.父親絲毫不反對這個想法。,重點短語,重點句型,重點單詞,◆拓展延伸1.opposedadj.反對的,對立的beopposedto(doing)sth.反對(做)某事2.objectto(doing)sth.反對(做)某事beagainststh.反對某事Iamopposedtogoingshoppingwithothers.我反對與他人一起外出購物。Ireallyobjecttobeingchargedforparking.我非常反對收停車費?！衄F學活用單句填空1.Thecommitteeistotallyopposedtoanychangesbeingmadeintheplans.2.ThePresidentopposesgiving(give)militaryaidtothiscountry.3.Theprofessor,opposed(oppose)tocarryingouttheproject,madeacommentonthereport.,,,,重點短語,重點句型,重點單詞,?statevt.陳述,說明n.狀態(tài),狀況,情形;國家;政府;州Infact,Hambleystates,“Morecarbondioxideisactuallyapositivething.”漢布利實際上是這樣說的:“二氧化碳含量的增加實際上是件好事”。(教材原句P27)◆常見用法1.Itisstatedthat...據陳述……,據說明……asstatedabove如上所述2.inagood/badstate狀態(tài)良好/不好inastateofshock處于休克/震驚的狀態(tài)中inapoorstateofhealth健康狀況欠佳ThewitnessstatedthatshehadneverseenMrSmith.證人宣稱她以前從未見過史密斯先生。Thedriverwasinastateofshock.司機正處于休克狀態(tài)。,重點短語,重點句型,重點單詞,◆現學活用完成句子1.如上文所說,幸福和財富來源于你的想法。Asstatedabove,thehappinessandfortunecomefromyourmind.2.她健康欠佳,她的母親非常擔心。Sheisinapoorstateofhealth,whichworrieshermothermuch.3.嚴冬過后,這些公路的路況極差。Theroadsareinaterrible/badstateaftertheseverewinterweather.,,,,重點短語,重點句型,重點單詞,?averageadj.平均的;平常的n.平均數;平均水平Thegreenhouseeffectgivestheearth’ssurfacetheaveragetemperatureof15℃.溫室效應使地球表面的平均溫度保持在15℃。(教材原句P29)◆常見用法anaverageof平均為above/below(the)average在一般水準以上/下upto(the)average達到一般水準on(the)average平均起來;一般說來Tom’sworkatschoolisabovetheaverage.湯姆的功課在學校是中等偏上。,重點短語,重點句型,重點單詞,◆現學活用單句填空1.TheseSenior3studentstookatotalof20examinations,anaverageof5eachmonth.2.Onaverageacowproduces40glassesofmilkdaily.,,,重點短語,重點句型,重點單詞,?advocatevt.擁護;提倡n.擁護者,支持者However,Istillthinkpeopleshouldadvocateimprovementsinthewayweuseenergytoday.然而,我依然認為人們應該支持改善日常能源的消耗方式。(教材原句P30)◆常見用法1.advocate(doing)sth.主張(做)某事advocatethat...主張……,倡導……(從句用虛擬語氣,謂語動詞用“should+動詞原形”,should可以省略)2.anadvocateof...……的擁護者Manyexpertsadvocaterewardingyourchildforgoodbehaviour.很多專家主張對小孩的良好表現加以獎勵。Thereportadvocatedthatallbuildings(should)befittedwithsmokedetectors.報告主張所有的建筑物都應安裝煙霧探測器。,重點短語,重點句型,重點單詞,Thisjudgeisastrongadvocateofprisonreform.這位法官是監(jiān)獄改革的堅決擁護者?！衄F學活用句型轉換1.Theministeradvocatedachangeofthetaxlaws.→Theministeradvocatedchangingthetaxlaws.2.Someeducatorsadvocatedrewardingchildrenfortheirgreatperformance.→Someeducatorsadvocatedthatchildren(should)berewardedfortheirgreatperformance.,,,重點短語,重點句型,重點單詞,?circumstancen.環(huán)境;情況Recyclecans,bottles,plasticbagsandnewspapersifcircumstancesallowyouto.如果情況允許的話,把罐頭盒、瓶子、塑料袋和報紙回收利用起來。(教材原句P30)◆常見用法in/underthecircumstances在這種情況下;情況既然如此inanycircumstances在任何情況下in/undernocircumstances決不,無論如何都不(放句首時用倒裝語序)Don’topenthedoor,inanycircumstances.在任何情況下都不要開門。Wemustundernocircumstancesgiveuphalfway.我們絕不能半途而廢。,重點短語,重點句型,重點單詞,◆現學活用完成句子1.在這種情況下沒有人能幫助他。Nobodycanhelphimin/underthecircumstances.2.你在任何情況下都不能離開崗位。In/Undernocircumstancesmustyouleaveyourpost.,,,重點短語,重點句型,重點單詞,?rangen.批,組,類;范圍,幅度vi.在……范圍內變化◆常見用法1.arangeof一類,一批,一套awide/broad/wholerangeof各種不同的beyond/outofone’srange超出某人的范圍withinone’srange在某人范圍之內2.rangefrom...to...處在……到……范圍內rangebetween...and...處在……和……之間Wehavestudentsfromawiderangeofbackgrounds.我們的學生來自各種不同的背景。Suchadecisionisnotwithintherangeofmyresponsibility.做這樣的決定不屬于我的職責范圍。Costsrangefrom50to700pounds.花費在50英鎊到700英鎊之間。,重點短語,重點句型,重點單詞,◆現學活用完成句子1.這所房子的價格遠遠超出我們能承受的范圍。Thepriceofthehouseiswellbeyondourrange.2.這個隊有10名隊員的年齡在10歲至16歲之間。Theteamcontainedtenplayerswhoseagesrangedbetween10and16.,,,重點短語,重點句型,重點單詞,?comeabout發(fā)生;造成Sohowhasthiscomeaboutanddoesitmatter?那么,這種溫度的增長是怎么產生的呢?會有什么影響嗎?(教材原句P26)Howdiditcomeaboutthatheknewwherewewere?他是怎么知道我們在什么地方的呢?Howdidthisdangerousstateofaffairscomeabout?這種危險的事態(tài)是怎么發(fā)生的?◆詞義辨析eabout常指不受控制的事情的發(fā)生,相當于happen。常用句型:“Howdoes/diditcomeaboutthat...?”意為“……是怎樣發(fā)生的?”2.happen強調事件發(fā)生的偶然性。3.takeplace強調必然性或按實際的安排或計劃而發(fā)生。4.breakout指災難性的事件,如戰(zhàn)爭、火災、疾病等的爆發(fā)。5.occur指意想不到的事情的發(fā)生,是相當正式的用詞,很少用在口語中。,重點短語,重點句型,重點單詞,◆現學活用根據所給漢語意思填入適當的動詞或動詞短語1.It’salready10o’clock.Iwonderhowitcameabout(發(fā)生)thatshewastwohourslateonsuchashorttrip.2.Justthenabrightideaoccurred(出現)tome.3.Ihappened(碰巧)tomeethimintheboilerroomyesterday.4.Ifawarbrokeout(爆發(fā)),manyothercountrieswouldbeaffected.,,,,,重點短語,重點句型,重點單詞,?quantitiesof大量的,許多的(修飾可數或不可數名詞,謂語動詞用復數)Theproblembeginswhenweaddhugequantitiesofextracarbondioxideintotheatmosphere.當我們向空氣中排放大量額外的二氧化碳時,問題就來了。(教材原句P26)Smallquantitiesofpoisonweredetectedinthedeadman’sstomach.在死者胃中發(fā)現了少量的毒藥。◆拓展延伸aquantityof許多的,大量的(修飾可數或不可數名詞,謂語動詞用單數)inlargequantities大量地inquantity大量地It’scheapertobuygoodsinquantity.大宗購物比較便宜。,重點短語,重點句型,重點單詞,◆現學活用單句填空1.—Whydoesthelakesmellterrible?—Becauselargequantities(quantity)ofwaterhavebeenpolluted.2.Asaresultofpeople’sdestroyingtheforest,alargequantityofdeserthascoveredtheearthinrecentyears.3.Doyougiveadiscountifwebuyitinlargequantities(quantity)?,,,,重點短語,重點句型,重點單詞,?resultin導致Theyalsoagreethatitistheburningofmoreandmorefossilfuelsthathasresultedinthisincreaseincarbondioxide.他們還贊同下述觀點,正是由于越來越多地燃燒化石燃料導致了二氧化碳的增加。(教材原句P26)◆拓展延伸1.resultfrom...由……造成,因……而產生asaresult結果asaresultof...由于……withtheresultthat...其結果是……withoutresult沒有結果;白費2.leadto導致;(道路)通向bringabout造成,引起,導致cause導致;引起,重點短語,重點句型,重點單詞,Hisillnessresultedfromeatingbadfood.他的病是吃了變質食物引起的?！衄F學活用完成句子1.這次事故造成了三人死亡。Theaccidentresultedinthreepeoplebeingkilled.2.艾麗斯今天早上睡過了頭,結果上班遲到了。Aliceoversleptthismorning.Asaresult,shewaslateforwork.3.我遲到了,因此我沒能趕上火車。Iwaslate,withtheresultthatImissedmytrain.,,,,重點短語,重點句型,重點單詞,?keepondoing繼續(xù)做;反復做Evenifwestartreducingtheamountofcarbondioxideandothergreenhousegases,theclimateisgoingtokeeponwarmingfordecadesorcenturies.即使我們開始減少二氧化碳和其他溫室氣體的含量,在(未來)幾十年或幾個世紀內,氣候仍會持續(xù)轉暖。(教材原句P27)◆拓展延伸goondoing=continuedoing/todosth.繼續(xù)做某事keepdoingsth.一直做某事(強調持續(xù)狀態(tài))keepsb.doingsth.讓某人一直做某事keepsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事keepitup繼續(xù)干下去,重點短語,重點句型,重點單詞,◆現學活用完成句子1.過去那位雇主讓他們整天干活。Theemployerkeptthemworkingalldayinthepast.2.大雨未能阻止他們看足球賽。Theheavyraindidn’tkeepthemfromwatchingthefootballmatch.3.干得好!繼續(xù)好好干吧!Welldone!Keepitup!,,,,重點短語,重點句型,重點單詞,solongas(=aslongas)只要It’sOKtoleaveanelectricalapplianceonsolongasyouareusingit—ifnot,turnitoff!只要你在使用電器設備,你便可以把它開著;如不用,就把它關掉!(教材原句P30)so/aslongas引導條件狀語從句,相當于onconditionthat,providedthat或if(只要,如果)。Idon’tmindaslongasitdoesn’train.只要不下雨就行了。Aslongasyoudrivecarefully,youwillbeverysafe.如果你小心開車,你就會很安全?！敉卣寡由靉swellas也,和;與……一樣好asgoodas幾乎;與……一樣好asfaras就……而言,至于;遠至……assoonas一……就……;如……那么早/快,重點短語,重點句型,重點單詞,◆現學活用完成句子1.他工作和熟練工人一樣出色。Heworksaswellasaskilledworker.2.這臺舊機器維護得很好,看起來像新的一樣。Theoldmachineiswellmaintainedandlooksasgoodasnew.3.據我所知,她并沒請假。AsfarasIknow,shedidnotaskforadayoff.4.我的書你要借多久都隨你的便。Youcankeepmybookas/solongasyoulike.5.我想要盡快見你。I’dliketoseeyouassoonaspossible.,,,,,,一、單句填空1.(2015福建高考改編)Sometimeswehavea(disagree)withpeople.1.disagreement。haveadisagreementwithsb.“與某人有分歧”。2.(2014廣東高考改編)Hehasevenstartedanassociationofbeachcombersandoceanexperts,with500(subscribe)fromWestAfricatoNewZealand.2.subscribers。subscriber“訂戶,簽署者,捐獻者”,此處應用復數形式。句意:他甚至創(chuàng)立了一個由海灘流浪者和海洋專家組成的協(xié)會,有來自從非洲到新西蘭的500名會員。3.(2014遼寧高考改編)Researchersperformedexperimentsthataimedtofindoutwhetherusingalaptopincreasedthe(tend)tomakenotes“mindlessly”bytakingdownwordforwordwhattheprofessorssaid.3.tendency?？涨坝衪he修飾,應用名詞。句意:研究人員進行試驗是為了發(fā)現,使用掌上電腦是否能夠通過逐字記錄教授講座內容增加“無須動腦”記筆記的可能性。,4.(2014浙江高考改編)Anaverageofjust18.75cmofrainfelllastyear,makingitthedriestyearsinceCaliforniabecamestatein1850.4.a。此處用不定冠詞a表示泛指。句意:去年這里的平均降水量為18.75厘米,這使得去年成為加利福尼亞自1850年建州以來最干旱的一年。5.(2014福建高考改編)Studentsshouldinvolvethemselvesincommunityactivitieswheretheycangainexperiencefor(grow).5.growth。growth為名詞,意為“生長,成長”。句意:學生應該使他們自己參與到團體活動中來,在這些活動中他們可以獲得成長經驗。6.(2014四川高考改編)Thisis(oppose)tothe“earlybird”schedule,andisakindofdisorderwheretheindividualtendstostayupmuchpastmidnight.6.opposed。beopposedto“與……不同,而不是,反對”。句意:這與“早起者”的時間安排不同,是一種個人熬夜時間超過午夜的紊亂狀況。,7.(2014廣東高考改編)Aftercountlessinterviewsand(presentation),Imanagedtostandoutamongthecandidatesandsurvivethetestalone.7.presentations。presentation作可數名詞,表示“陳述,描述”。8.(2013山東高考改編)Hedidasurvey,whichshowedthat(consumer)ofotherfast-foodchainswereunwillingtoturnawayfromthem.8.consumers。consumer為可數名詞,此處用復數表示泛指。句意:他做的一項調查表明,其他快餐連鎖店的消費者不愿意離開它們。9.(2013浙江高考改編)Ifelt(mild)victoriousthatIgotthroughtherestofclasswithoutcrying,butatmynextfreeperiodIhadtofacehim.9.mildly。mildly“適度地,略微,有點兒”。句意:令我還有些成就感的是我終于順利地上完了課,而且也沒有哭,但下一節(jié)課不得不面對他了。,10.(2013重慶高考改編)Itisfilledwithsymbioticexistences,too;unimaginable(quantity)ofcreatures,littleandlargealike,mixwithinitsdepthsinakindofoceanicharmony,givingtothewatersafeelingofheartbeat,akindofsub-oceanvitality.10.quantities。quantitiesof“大量的”為固定短語。,二、單元話題微寫作環(huán)境保護根據提示,將以下句子連成一篇英語短文。1.科學家贊同全球變暖會導致不良后果。(subscribeto;resultin;badenvironmentalconsequences)2.他們傾向于擁護用節(jié)省能源和回收廢料的方法保護環(huán)境。(tendto;advocate)3.他們建議我們使用節(jié)省能源的器具,如電力發(fā)動機、微波爐等。(appliance;electricalmotor;microwave;andsoon)4.他們還建議我們不要對如回收罐子這種小事漫不經心。(becasualabout)5.只要每個人都做出貢獻,我們就不必再忍受空氣污染了。(solongas;makeacontribution;putupwith),Allscientistssubscribetotheviewthatglobalwarmingresultsinbadenvironmentalconsequences.Theytendtoadvocateprotectingourenvironmentbysavingenergyandrecyclingwaste.Itissuggestedthatweuseenergy-savingappliancessuchaselectricalmotors,microwavesandsoonandnotbecasualaboutlittlethingslikerecyclingacan.Solongaseverybodymakesacontribution,wewillnothavetoputupwithairpollutionanymore.,