Unit 1《School life》grammar and usage課件5（25張PPT）（牛津譯林必修1）

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Unit 1 Language points,1.Know 認(rèn)識 know of/know about 知道,了解 I don’t ___ the writer,but I ____ him. 2.Difference 1)不可數(shù) There was not really much difference in their points of view. There’s not much difference in price between the two computers. 2)可數(shù) There are several important differences between cricket(板球) and football. 3)make a difference 產(chǎn)生差別，有影響 It makes a difference which you choose.你選擇哪一個(gè)，事關(guān)重大 It makes no difference to me whether he goes or not.,4)differ/v. different/adj. Our opinions differ greatly from each other’s in that respect. 我們的意見在那方面有很大的出入． A is different from B 3.Attend Vt. be present at an event 出席 參加 We would like as many people as possible to attend. They are sure to have attended Mary’s wedding. 辨析 take part in,join in,join ,attend 1)take part in 指參加會議或群眾性活動(dòng)，著重參加活動(dòng)并發(fā)揮作用． We’ll take part in social practice during the summer vacation.,暑假期間我們將參加社會實(shí)踐． 2) Join a) 指加入黨派，團(tuán)體組織，成為其成員之一，如參軍，入團(tuán)，入黨等． join the party/the league/the army/club b) join sb. In (doing) sth 和某人一起做某事，加入某人中 Will you join us in the discussion? He’ll join us in singing the song. 3) join in 多指參加小規(guī)模的活動(dòng)，如球賽，游戲 Come along,and join in the ball game. Why didn’t you join the talk last night?,4) attend 參加會議，婚禮，葬禮，典禮，去上課，上學(xué)，聽報(bào)告等 attend a meeting/wedding/funeral/school/class/lecture 對應(yīng)練習(xí) 1.My brother ____ the army in 2002. 2.Would you like to ____ playing basketball? 3.Yesterday my parents went to ____ an evening party. 4.We should ____ the sports and games. 5.Assembley /n. 集會，會議 The headmaster will give a speech at the assembly.校長將在晨會上講話． assemble /vi. To come together as a group All the students were asked to assemble in the main hall.,6.Respect 1) (u) 尊重，尊敬，關(guān)心，問候 have/show respect for We have been told to show respect for our elders. gain/win respect lost the respect of 2)vt. Have a good opinion of 尊重，敬重 I’ll respect your advice. 3) (c) 方面，細(xì)節(jié) in every respect/in all respects 無論從哪方面講 in respect of 關(guān)于，就．．．來說 without respect to 不管，不考慮,7.Achieve 1)vt.贏得,取得,實(shí)現(xiàn),成就 2)n.achievement 成就，功績 8.１）vt.錯(cuò)過，想念 Miss the train錯(cuò)過火車，沒搭上 Miss sb very much非常想念 ２）當(dāng)miss 表示“錯(cuò)過，避免”之意時(shí)，其后可接v.-ing做２賓語，而不能接動(dòng)詞不定式 Ｉdon’t want to miss seeing that singer on television tonight. The bird missed ____ (catch).,9.experience 1) 經(jīng)歷(c.) He had many interesting experiences while travelling in Africa. an odd experience 一次奇異的經(jīng)歷 2) 經(jīng)驗(yàn),體驗(yàn) (u.) We all learn by experience. He hasn’t had enough experience for the job. 3) 經(jīng)歷，體驗(yàn) I don’t think I have experienced real pain. The boy has never experienced kindness. 4) experienced 有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的，熟練的，有見識的 an experienced teacher/nurse She is experienced in looking after children.,10 Sound Vt.和look,seem,smell,taste一樣，可做連系動(dòng)詞，后接形容詞，名詞，介詞短語做表語． Sound good Sound a reasonable idea Look fine/taste sour(酸)/smell terrible 11 A bit 和a little 1)在肯定句中兩者意義基本相同，意為“一些，一點(diǎn)兒”，修飾形容t詞，副 詞時(shí)可互換，但修飾名詞時(shí)a bit 后要接of再接名詞 A bit/a little tired A bit of/ a little water,2)在否定句中，兩者的意義恰恰相反，not a bit的詞義相當(dāng)于not in the least,意為“一點(diǎn)兒也不”not a little相當(dāng)于not slightly,意為“相當(dāng)?shù)兀浅！?I don’t like it a bit.我一點(diǎn)兒也不喜歡它 I don’t like it a little我非常喜歡它． 12 Fun (u)表示“樂趣”或“有趣的人或物”．它的形容詞是funny,兩個(gè)長見的含義：一個(gè)是“好笑的，逗樂的”，另一個(gè)是“奇怪的，希奇的” It is great fun playing golf. What fun! For fun 鬧著玩兒 I did it just for fun. make fun of They made fun of her because she wore such strange clothes. funny,13 Used to 過去常常 used to do sth Did you use to ____(live) in the countryside? Your father used to be an engineer,____? There used to be a well here,____? Be /get used to( doing ) sth 習(xí)慣于(做)某事 We are all used to our new school life We will soon get used to living here. Be used to do sth 被用來做 Coal can be used to produce electricity. 14.prepare vt.vi We have prepared a room for the guests. We must prepare for the worst. prepare your speech/dinner Prepare for the party Be preparing for Be prepared for為什么作好了準(zhǔn)備 Preparation Make preparations for,15. Ease 安逸 容易 Lead a life of ease in the country 在鄉(xiāng)間幽閑度日 (u) 容易，不費(fèi)力v He answered the questions with great ease. At (one’s) ease 輕松的（地），愜意的 We were sitting on the sofa at our ease. Set your mind at ease.心閑氣定 (vt.)使（人）舒暢，使安心 The news that her son passed the exam eased her mind. Ease sb. Of 解除（某人）的．．．而使其舒適 Her words eased me of my anxiety(憂慮）．,16. for free免費(fèi)地，無償?shù)?On Fridays, show your student card and eat lunch for free. For nothing Free of charge/free of cost 17. 句型It’s +adj.+to do sth.做．．．是 It’s easy to follow others. It’s friendly to greet each other. 句型It’s +adj.+of +sb +to do sth It’s +adj.+for +sb+to do sth It’s kind of you to help me .,It was foolish of you to eat what he had given you. It’s good for you to follow his advice. 18. mean Mean doing sth Mean to do sth This new order means working over time. I am sorry to have hurt you, but I didn’t mean to . Mean sb for sth打算，注定某人成為什么或做某事 His father meant him to be a doctor.他的父親打算讓他當(dāng)醫(yī)生． I was never meant for the army.我注定不是當(dāng)兵的料．,19. As作連詞的用法 1)當(dāng)－時(shí)候，隨著 He sat watching her as she got ready. 2)照－方式 They did as I had asked. /They did as asked. 3)因?yàn)椋捎?She may need some help as she’s new. 4)正如，如同 As you know, Julie is leaving soon. 5)引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，表示“即使，盡管”，此時(shí)用倒裝語序，如果表語 名詞，放在句首，前面不加任何冠詞． Try as he might, he couldn’t open the door.他想盡了辦法也沒能打開門． Young as he is , he knows a lot.他盡管年輕，但知道很多． Child as he is, he could earn his own living.盡管他還是個(gè)孩子，但他能獨(dú)立謀生了．,20. For example 和 such as 從功能上看，for example 用作插入語，可以說明任何成分，而such as 只能引出同位語，而且只能是名詞性短語． 從語序上看，for example 可位于句首．句中或句末，而such as 只能位于它所引出的同位語之前． Several European countries have no seacoast, for example, Switzerland and Austria. 許多偉人是從貧窮中奮斗出來的，例如林肯和愛迪生． Sweet foods such as chocolate can make you fat.,Word power,(1)Appointment (n) a formal arrangement to meet or visit somebody at a particular time, especially for a reason connected with their work 約會；預(yù)約；約定 I’ve got a dental appointment at 3 p.m. 與appointment相關(guān)的短語 [I] make an appointment (with somebody) (與某人)定個(gè)約會 I’ve made an appointment with the doctor for my son. [II] keep an appointment 準(zhǔn)時(shí)赴約 I had to take a taxi to keep the appointment with my girlfriend. 為了準(zhǔn)時(shí)赴約和女友的約會,我只好坐出租車了. (2)Available (adj.) of things that you can get, buy, or find; of a person free to see or talk to (事情）可獲得的；可利用的；（人）有空的． Tickets are available free of charge from the school.,This was the only room available. The director was not available for comment. 主管沒時(shí)間發(fā)表意見. (3) Whether students want to exercise or just want some fun, they can use our gym. 知識點(diǎn) whether的用法 whether在句子中作連詞使用，表示兩種情況多真實(shí),意為 “是…,(還是)…;或者…(或者)…;不管…(還是)…”. whether還可用來表示遲疑或兩個(gè)可能性之間的選擇,意為 “是否” Whether or not we are successful, we can be sure that we did our best. He seemed whether she’s at home.,Grammar and usage,(1)Donate (vt.) to give money, food, clothes, etc to sb/sth, especially a charity 捐贈;捐獻(xiàn);贈予 He donate thousands of pounds to charity. 他向慈善事業(yè)捐款數(shù)錢英鎊. All donated blood is tested for HIV and other infections. 所有獻(xiàn)的血都要接受愛滋病病毒和其他傳染病的檢查. [1]名詞donation n.捐贈物;捐贈;贈送 The work of the charity is funded by voluntary donation. [2]make a donation to 向…捐助 The government called for us to make a donation to the flooded area. (2)Upon finishing his studies, he started traveling in China. 知識點(diǎn),[I]on/upon + v.-ing 表示 “一…就…” On seeing the famous singer, she recognized him. [II]as soon as 也可用來表示 “一…就…” As soon as he finished his studies, he started traveling in China. [III]表示時(shí)間的名詞moment, hour, minute, second 等在前面家定冠詞the可作連詞來使用,表示 “一…就…” The second the game finished, the fans began cheering. The moment I saw him I had a strange feeling. [IV] immediately 也可作連詞使用,表示“一…就…” We start the meeting immediately he comes.,Task,The more choice you have, the better your final decisions will be. 知識點(diǎn) “the +比較級 …, the +比較級…”是固定句型,意為 “越…,就越…”. The more you use the dictionary, the better you’ll be able to use it and the more useful it will be to you. The harder you work, the more you get.,project,(1)Allow vt. to let somebody do something; let something be done; permit 允許 They don’t allow smoking. My father allows me some money for books. They don’t allow you to smoke. 仔細(xì)閱讀下面的句子: He was allowed to stay up late that evening. 句中allowed可不可以用permitted來代替? 思路 allow 與permit 意思相同. Allow是常用詞,而permit是相當(dāng)正式的書面語. They don’t allow you to enter. 他們不允許你進(jìn)入. You are not permitted to smoke in the hospital.醫(yī)院里不準(zhǔn)吸煙.,(2) Require vt. need; to demand; order; expecting obedience要求;需要 [I] require 后接賓語叢句時(shí),叢句謂語動(dòng)詞常用虛擬語氣, “(should) + 動(dòng)詞原形” 的形式 His health require that he (should) go to bed early. 他的健康狀況適宜早睡. They required that all the passengers (should) show their tickets. [II] require 后接v.-ing時(shí), 相當(dāng)于 to be done, 是主動(dòng) 表被動(dòng). The work requires finishing. = The work requires to be finished. 這工作需要完成.,辨析 demand request require [I] demand 是指 “ 強(qiáng)烈要求”,而不是指 “請求”, 因而含有 “要求對方服從”的意思,口氣強(qiáng)硬. The workers are demanding more money. [II] require指 “請求”,用于客氣,有禮貌的場合 I request him to help. [III] request 指 “要求|”,而不是指 “請求”, 但它強(qiáng)調(diào) “客觀上的要求或必須”. You are required by law to send your children to school.,Our club is much more than just music. 知識點(diǎn) more than 的用法 More than 修飾名詞,名詞性叢句或起名詞作用的動(dòng)詞不定式時(shí),其意思通常是 “不只;不僅僅;遠(yuǎn)不止”. We must consider more than the beginning of the motion, however. 然而,我們必須考慮的不只是運(yùn)動(dòng)的起始階段. Peace is much more than the absence of war. 和平不僅僅意味著沒有戰(zhàn)爭. 有時(shí),more than+ 叢句中的more than具有否定的意義,可以譯為 “并非;不是”. You remembered to thank her, which was more than I did. 你還記得感謝她,而我卻忘了. The noise was more than I could bear. 這噪音是我不能忍受的.,同學(xué)們,來學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,同學(xué)們,來學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,