高考英語(yǔ) 閱讀理解專題 7選5閱讀復(fù)習(xí)課件.ppt

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七選五閱讀 答題指導(dǎo),2015屆高考 英語(yǔ)專題復(fù)習(xí),,一、高考大綱要求 閱讀七選五主要考察學(xué)生的英語(yǔ)邏輯思維能力，也就是對(duì)上下文之間，層次之間邏輯關(guān)系的判斷能力。,試題模式：給出一篇缺少5個(gè)句子的文章，對(duì)應(yīng)有七個(gè)選項(xiàng)，要求同學(xué)們根據(jù)文章結(jié)構(gòu)、內(nèi)容，選出正確的句子，填入相應(yīng)的空白處。 考查重點(diǎn)：主要考查考生對(duì)文章的整體內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)以及上下文邏輯意義的理解和掌握。（考試說(shuō)明） 選項(xiàng)特點(diǎn)：主旨概括句（文章整體內(nèi)容） 過(guò)渡性句子（文章結(jié)構(gòu)） 注釋性句子（上下文邏輯意義）,,解題步驟與技巧,3)重新閱讀相關(guān)詞句 重點(diǎn)做剛才沒(méi)做出的題或不確定的題，此時(shí)可將選出的答案代入原文，利用排除法。同時(shí)檢查核對(duì)已選出的答案，看文章從內(nèi)容上是否語(yǔ)義連貫合理，語(yǔ)篇結(jié)構(gòu)上是否通順連貫、具有一致性、合乎邏輯。如果所選的答案可以滿足上述標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，則表明各個(gè)問(wèn)題的答案基本正確。,1)快速閱讀全文要點(diǎn)詞句，了解大意 但是由于文章中空缺了五處，因此在短時(shí)間內(nèi)掌握文章要點(diǎn)或邏輯思路是很困難的。如果感覺(jué)困難而且收獲不大，可直接進(jìn)入第二步，即一開(kāi)始就邊閱讀邊分析做題。,2)邊讀邊做題，先易后難 重點(diǎn)閱讀各個(gè)問(wèn)題附近的句子，圈定線索詞，然后從選項(xiàng)中尋找相關(guān)的特征詞，以確定答案。做題時(shí)可以采用代入排除法。如果一題做不出或拿不準(zhǔn)，可先放過(guò)，繼續(xù)往下讀，先做容易的能做出的題，直到讀完整篇文章。至此，文章的要點(diǎn)和主旨、各個(gè)段落之間的邏輯關(guān)系應(yīng)基本清楚了。,,細(xì)節(jié)類題型解題技巧,1)詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)法 復(fù)現(xiàn)，是保證文章前后銜接而經(jīng)常使用的一種寫作手段，即作者在文章上下文不同的位置對(duì)同一個(gè)概念進(jìn)行重復(fù)描述。復(fù)現(xiàn)關(guān)系，主要是指同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)等。 雙保險(xiǎn)：上下文再核實(shí)一下,Ex1 …By 2020,Dr. David Davis believes ,car technology will give motorists a clear view of the road, whatever the weather conditions, by projecting an image of the road ahead on to the car’s windscreen. _______ Cars will be connected by an electronic tow bar(牽引杠）to the car in front to form “road—trains”.,Every driver will use less fuel in the car he owns. The car will automatically speed up, or slow down, to match the speed of the car in front. And it will not be owned by one individual. And by 2030,cars will travel in line, linked to each other electronically.,,,,,,2)同詞出現(xiàn)法 詞匯同現(xiàn)是指屬于同一詞匯或者跟此詞匯相關(guān)同一領(lǐng)域的詞匯在文章中共同出現(xiàn)，達(dá)到語(yǔ)義銜接的目的。你可以在選項(xiàng)中找到與此詞匯最接近的詞，從而達(dá)到快而準(zhǔn)。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，上下文中詞匯聯(lián)系越接近，上下文的銜接關(guān)系越緊密（如：,Ex2….half of shoppers refused to queue for more than five minutes in a high street shop. The Internet, which allows shoppers to buy more goods, with just a click of the mouse, is one of the reason why people’s patience appears to be thin._________ A. It was typical in the past. B. But it would seem we are no longer prepared to wait in line. C. More people prefer to click the mouse for shopping at home D. As a result, food and drink sellers are having to find new ways to deliver good customer service.,,,,Ex3…On the other hand ,the advantages of going overseas may include day-to- day opportunities to learn a new culture, meet new friends with whom you can use and practice the language, and chances to see different parts of the world.______ Those disadvantages include expense, time away from one’s school, family,…,The following are its advantages. However,there may be a number of disadvantages. Consider a distance education. Most of us are adapted to studying at school.,,,3)代詞線索 英語(yǔ)表達(dá)中代詞出現(xiàn)的頻率極高，代詞的作用無(wú)非是指代前面提及的名詞或形容詞概念，巧妙利用這樣的指代關(guān)系和根據(jù)代詞的單復(fù)數(shù)差異可以準(zhǔn)確而快速地解題。,,Ex4._________It is a very happy day for many boys and girls.Before the terms ends in some schools,the children act a nativity（基督誕生）or “birth” play,showing how Jesus was born in a stable(馬廄）。,A.People are often busy going shopping B.Now the Chinese people also celebrate Christmas. C. The turkey or chicken is quickly eaten. D.Christmas Day falls on the twenty—fifty of December.,,,Ex5…That happens in the 1980s. And, most recently, she says many kinds of people have joined the movement.________They represent many races,regions and political beliefs.,They are mainly rich people Parents choose home—schooling for several reasons. Most often,their parents are their teachers. She says these include rich people and poor people.,,,,(a)并列與遞進(jìn)關(guān)系：因果關(guān)系,5)邏輯關(guān)系線索,Ex.7…_________ Some choose it because of their religious beliefs. Others say it provides more time for the family to be together.They say home offers a better place for learning. Some parents…. A. So a number of parents began home-schooling B. Home –schooling is not accepted by all the people C. Parents choose home –schooling for several reasons D.Most often, their parents are their teachers,,,(c)轉(zhuǎn)折讓步關(guān)系： but, however, yet, on the contrary, on the other hand, unfortunately, despite, in spite of等,,Ex.8…This could be watching TV or listening to music. Doing some exercises earlier in the day should help you feel physically as well as mentally tired ._______However,coffee or tea should be avoided as they contain caffeine and will keep you awake…. A. So, what’s a good sleep? B. A bedtime drink can also help C. Having a good sleep will keep you lively the whole day.,,,,篇章結(jié)構(gòu)類題解題方法,根據(jù)試題所在位置確定不同的解題策略,1)如果問(wèn)題在段首 通常是段落主題句。認(rèn)真閱讀后文內(nèi)容，根據(jù)段落一致性原則，查找同義詞或其他相關(guān)的詞，推斷出主題句。關(guān)注每段首尾句，了解大意知主題 2)如果問(wèn)題在段尾 通常是結(jié)論、概括性語(yǔ)句。注意在選項(xiàng)中查找表示結(jié)果、結(jié)論、總結(jié)等的信號(hào)詞，如therefore, as a result, thus, hence, in short, to sum up, to conclude, in a word等詞語(yǔ)，選項(xiàng)中也可發(fā)現(xiàn)前文的同義詞句。,,Ex.10 _____ Every day ,when she comes back home from work, she sets about doing housework,sweeping the living room and bedrooms or cleaning the furniture,and putting everything in order. She seems to be busy all the time. … Mother never buys expensive dresses for herself,but she often buys some inexpensive but high quality clothes for us. A. She enjoys listening to class music. B. She never goes to expensive restaurants to enjoy meals. C. My mother is hard—working and never wastes money. D. As a mother, she takes good care of us and gives us every comfort.,,選五閱讀理解題的解題技巧: ◆速讀全文，關(guān)注每段首尾句，了解大意知主題 ◆瀏覽選項(xiàng)，理解全篇邏輯關(guān)系,找出關(guān)鍵詞 ◆運(yùn)用上下文所重復(fù)的關(guān)鍵詞推斷 ◆利用同義詞和近義詞關(guān)系 ◆利用詞的上下義關(guān)系 ◆利用反義詞、過(guò)渡詞關(guān)系 ◆理清結(jié)構(gòu)與邏輯關(guān)系，確定答案,