高考英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí) 第一部分 教材知識(shí)梳理 Unit 3 Life in the future課件 新人教版必修5.ppt

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Unit 3 Life in the future,重點(diǎn)短語,重點(diǎn)句型,重點(diǎn)單詞,1.impressionn.印象;感想;印記 impressvt.給……以深刻印象,使銘記 impressiveadj.給人印象深刻的;感人的 2.constantadj.時(shí)常發(fā)生的;連續(xù)不斷的 constantlyadv.不斷地 3.previousadj.在前的;早先的 previouslyadv.以前;預(yù)先;倉促地 4.guiden.指導(dǎo),向?qū)?導(dǎo)游 vt.指導(dǎo),指引 guidancen.指導(dǎo),引導(dǎo);領(lǐng)導(dǎo) 5.stewardn.乘務(wù)員;服務(wù)員 stewardessn.女乘務(wù)員 6.openingn.(出入的)通路;開口;開端,,,,,,,,,,,,,重點(diǎn)短語,重點(diǎn)句型,重點(diǎn)單詞,7.surroundingsn.周圍的事物;環(huán)境 surroundingadj.周圍的 surroundvt.圍繞 8.toleratevt.容忍,忍受 tolerantadj.寬容的;容忍的 tolerancen.寬容;忍耐力 9.lackvt.按,壓 pressuren.壓力,,,,,,,,,,,,,重點(diǎn)短語,重點(diǎn)句型,重點(diǎn)單詞,12.optimisticadj.樂觀(主義)的 optimismn.樂觀,樂觀主義 pessimistic(反義詞)adj.悲觀(主義)的 13.citizenn.公民;居民,市民 citizenshipn.公民身份,公民權(quán) 14.typistn.打字員 typewritern.打字機(jī) 15.instantn.瞬間,片刻 adj.立即的,立 刻的 instantlyadv.立即地,立刻地 conj.一……就…… instancen.情況,場合;例子,,,,,,,,,,,重點(diǎn)短語,重點(diǎn)句型,重點(diǎn)單詞,16.ecologyn.生態(tài);生態(tài)學(xué) ecologicaladj.生態(tài)的 ecologistn.生態(tài)學(xué)者 17.greedyadj.貪吃的,貪婪的 greedn.貪婪 18.representativen.代表,典型人物 adj.典型的,有代表性的 representvt.代表;象征;描繪 19.settlementn.定居;解決 settlevt.使定居;解決;安排 vi.解決;定居;降落;停息 20.motivationn.動(dòng)機(jī) motivatevt.激發(fā),作為……的動(dòng)機(jī),,,,,,,,,,,,重點(diǎn)短語,重點(diǎn)句型,重點(diǎn)單詞,1.take up 拿起;接受;開始;繼續(xù);占用,占據(jù) 2.be back on one’s feet (困境后)恢復(fù);完全復(fù)原 3.lose sight of. 看不見…… 4.sweep up 打掃;橫掃 5.slide into (快捷而悄聲地)移動(dòng),溜進(jìn)…… 6.speed up 加速,,,,,,,重點(diǎn)短語,重點(diǎn)句型,重點(diǎn)單詞,1.空氣似乎很稀薄,好像在混合的氣體中剩下的氧氣很少。 The air seemed thin,as though its combination of gases had little oxygen left. 2.由于缺乏新鮮空氣,我感到頭痛。 Hit by a lack of fresh air,my head ached. 3.然而,當(dāng)我們到達(dá)一個(gè)看上去像是大市場的地方時(shí),由于太多的車子朝四面八方飛奔,我看不見王平了。 However,I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a large market because of too many carriages flying by in all directions. 4.我這才意識(shí)到我被送到了未來,但卻仍然在自己的家鄉(xiāng)。 I realized that I had been transported into the future of what was still my hometown! 5.實(shí)在累壞了,我爬上床很快就睡著了。 Exhausted,I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.,,,,,,I still cannot believe that I am in AD 3008.I was very nervous and uncertain at first.But my guide Wang Ping was 1.understanding(understand) and gave me some green tablets.His parents’ company transported me 2.safely(safe) into the future in a time capsule. My new 3.surroundings(surround) were difficult to tolerate.Hit by a lack of fresh air,my head ached.Wang Ping appeared,gave me a mask 4.and then hurried me through to a small room nearby.I felt better in no time.Then we each took a hovering carriage.But I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached 5.what looked like a large market.Wang Ping 6.was swept(sweep) up into the center of the carriages.At that time I had a “time lag” flashback.Finally I caught sight 7.of Wang Ping again and flew after him. 8.Arriving(arrive) at a strange-looking house,he showed me into a clean room,of 9.which the wall was made of trees.Wang Ping flashed a switch on a computer screen.A table and some chairs rose from under the floor.Then I had a brief meal and a hot bath.10.Exhausted(exhaust),I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.,,,,,,,,,,,重點(diǎn)短語,重點(diǎn)句型,重點(diǎn)單詞,?impression n.印象;感想;印記 First Impressions 第一印象(教材原句P17) ◆常見用法 make/leave/have an impression on sb.給某人留下印象 give sb.a favorable/good/bad impression給某人以良好/壞的印象 impression of sb./sth.對(duì)某人/某事的印象 You made a favorable impression on the examiners.你給主考官留下了很好的印象。 Her gentleness has given me a good impression.她的親切給我留下了好印象。 What were your first impressions of Beijing?你對(duì)北京的第一印象如何?,重點(diǎn)短語,重點(diǎn)句型,重點(diǎn)單詞,◆拓展延伸 impress vt.給……以深刻印象,使銘記 be impressed by/at/with.被……所感動(dòng);對(duì)……留有印象 impress sb.with sth.=impress sth.on/upon sb.使某人銘記……;使某人深感…… I was deeply impressed by/at/with his speech.他的演說給我留下了深刻的印象。 ◆現(xiàn)學(xué)活用 完成句子 1.新教師給學(xué)生們留下了一個(gè)好印象。 The new teacher made a good impression on the students. 2.要準(zhǔn)時(shí)來,否則你會(huì)給人一個(gè)壞的印象。 Be there on time,otherwise you’ll create a bad impression. 3.他的真誠讓我們印象深刻。 He impressed us with his sincerity.,,,,重點(diǎn)短語,重點(diǎn)句型,重點(diǎn)單詞,?surrounding n.(常pl.)環(huán)境;周圍的事物 adj.周圍的,附近的 At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate.一開始新的環(huán)境讓我很難忍受。(教材原句P18) ◆詞義辨析 1.surrounding 表示環(huán)境時(shí),專指自然環(huán)境,且常用復(fù)數(shù)。作形容詞用時(shí),只能作定語。 2.environment 可指自然環(huán)境,也可指精神環(huán)境。一般用單數(shù)。 The children grew up in beautiful surroundings but not in a happy home environment.孩子們?cè)诿利惖淖匀画h(huán)境中長大,但是卻缺少一個(gè)幸福的家庭環(huán)境。 3.circumstance意為“環(huán)境,情形,情況”,指某人無法控制的,與某事件或某人有關(guān)的情況、環(huán)境、境況等。多用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 He was forced by circumstances to do this.他做這件事是為形勢所迫。,重點(diǎn)短語,重點(diǎn)句型,重點(diǎn)單詞,4.setting表示“某一情形的背景或環(huán)境”,如故事發(fā)生的背景或環(huán)境,尤指“舞臺(tái)背景”。 Rome is the perfect setting for romance.羅馬是遇見浪漫的絕佳地。 ◆現(xiàn)學(xué)活用 根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)所給的漢語意思填空 1.An unhappy home environment(環(huán)境) can affect a child’s behavior. 2.Under no circumstances(情形) should we do anything against the will of the people. 3.Animals in zoos are not in their natural surroundings(環(huán)境). 4.London is the setting(背景) for his latest novel.,,,,,重點(diǎn)短語,重點(diǎn)句型,重點(diǎn)單詞,?lack vt.短缺的東西 Hit by a lack of fresh air,my head ached.由于缺乏新鮮空氣,我感到頭痛。(教材原句P18) ◆常見用法 1.lack sth.缺乏某物 lack for sth.需要某物(常用于否定句) 2.a lack of.缺乏…… for/through lack of.因?yàn)槿狈Α?have no lack of.不缺乏…… They lacked for nothing.他們什么都不缺。 He can not buy a car because of his lack of money.他因缺錢買不起車。,重點(diǎn)短語,重點(diǎn)句型,重點(diǎn)單詞,◆拓展延伸 lacking adj.缺乏的,不足的(不能作定語) be lacking in=lack 缺乏 He is somewhat lacking in humor.他有些缺乏幽默感。 ◆現(xiàn)學(xué)活用 單句填空 1.Though lacking(lack) money,his parents managed to send him to university. 2.Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and a lack of exercise. 3.Of the 2,000 stock investors surveyed last month,90% were found lacking(lack) in financial knowledge.,,,,重點(diǎn)短語,重點(diǎn)句型,重點(diǎn)單詞,?press vt.壓,按,擠 These carriages float above the ground and by bending or pressing down in your seat,you can move swiftly.這些氣墊車是在地面上方漂浮著的,只要在座位上打彎或壓下操縱桿,你就可以快速地移動(dòng)。(教材原句P18) ◆常見用法 1.press oneself/sth.against sth.將自己/某物緊貼在某物上 press.into/onto.將……塞進(jìn)/按入…… press sth.on sb.強(qiáng)迫某人接受某物/把……(想法等)強(qiáng)加于某人 press sb.to do sth.敦促/逼迫某人做某事 press for 迫切要求,重點(diǎn)短語,重點(diǎn)句型,重點(diǎn)單詞,2.the press [總稱]報(bào)刊;新聞界;出版社;通訊社 He pressed his body against the glass.他身體緊貼著玻璃。 He pressed a coin into her hand and moved on.他把一枚硬幣塞進(jìn)她手里,然后繼續(xù)向前走。 He pressed her to come with him.他強(qiáng)迫她跟他走。 ◆現(xiàn)學(xué)活用 完成句子 1.按此鈕發(fā)動(dòng)引擎。 Press this button to start the engine. 2.他總是設(shè)法強(qiáng)迫別人接受他的意見。 He always tries to press his opinions on others. 3.新聞報(bào)刊的力量是非常強(qiáng)大的。 The power of the press is very great.,,,,,重點(diǎn)短語,重點(diǎn)句型,重點(diǎn)單詞,?tolerate vt.容許,允許;忍受,忍耐 At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate.一開始新的環(huán)境讓我很難忍受。(教材原句P18) ◆常見用法 tolerate sth.容許/容忍/忍受某事 tolerate doing sth.容忍/容許做某事 This sort of behavior will not be tolerated.這種行為是不容許的。 She refused to tolerate being called a liar.她拒不接受被稱為撒謊者。 Many workers said they couldn’t tolerate the long hours.許多工人表示他們無法忍受長時(shí)間的工作。,重點(diǎn)短語,重點(diǎn)句型,重點(diǎn)單詞,◆拓展延伸 1.tolerance n.容忍,寬容 2.tolerant adj.容忍的,寬容的 be tolerant of.寬容/容忍…… ◆現(xiàn)學(xué)活用 單句填空 1.She was tolerant(tolerate) of different views. 2.Our teacher won’t tolerate cheating(cheat) on exams. 3.My tolerance of your impoliteness is limited.,,,,重點(diǎn)短語,重點(diǎn)句型,重點(diǎn)單詞,?instant adj.立即的,即刻的;迫切的;速食的;速溶的 n.頃刻,一剎那,瞬間 You place the metal band over your head,clear your mind,press the sending button,think your message and the next instant it’s sent.你把金屬帶放在頭上,整理思緒,按下發(fā)送鍵,集中精神想你要發(fā)送的信息,瞬間信息就發(fā)送出去了。(教材原句P22) ◆常見用法 1.instant coffee/noodles/restaurant 速溶咖啡/方便面/快餐店 an instant reply/response 立即回答 2.for an instant 片刻,一會(huì)兒 in an instant 立即,馬上 the instant (that)=instantly 一……就……,重點(diǎn)短語,重點(diǎn)句型,重點(diǎn)單詞,He often eats out at an instant Chinese restaurant.他常在一家中式快餐店吃飯。 Just for an instant I think he would go to refuse.我腦中有一閃念,以為他要拒絕了。 I shall be back in an instant.我馬上就回來。 ◆現(xiàn)學(xué)活用 單句填空 1.The telegram asked for an instant reply. 2.He left for lunch the instant the clock struck twelve. 3.Instantly(instant) he got home,he closed the door and was lost in thought.,,,,重點(diǎn)短語,重點(diǎn)句型,重點(diǎn)單詞,?take up 接受;拿起;開始(從事);繼續(xù);占據(jù) I still cannot believe that I am taking up this prize that I won last year.我現(xiàn)在仍然不能相信我是在接受去年獲得的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。(教材原句P17) ◆拓展延伸 take away 拿走,帶走 take back 取回,帶回,收回 take down 拿下,拆下 take.for.認(rèn)為,以為;誤認(rèn)……為…… take.for granted 認(rèn)為……想當(dāng)然/理所當(dāng)然 take in 收容,收留;領(lǐng)會(huì);包括;欺騙 take off 脫掉(衣服);(飛機(jī))起飛;成名 take on 雇用,聘用;開始顯現(xiàn),重點(diǎn)短語,重點(diǎn)句型,重點(diǎn)單詞,take out 拿出;帶……出去 take over 接任,接管 I took you for Mr White.我錯(cuò)把你當(dāng)成了懷特先生。 The boss took on a new secretary.老板雇用了一名新秘書。 ◆現(xiàn)學(xué)活用 用take構(gòu)成的短語的適當(dāng)形式填空 1.Don’t be took in by products claiming to help you lose weight in a week. 2.I was assigned to take over your position. 3.I will take back nothing of what I said. 4.The accident happened as the jet plane was about to take off .,,,,,重點(diǎn)短語,重點(diǎn)句型,重點(diǎn)單詞,?sweep up打掃,掃除;橫掃 He was swept up into the centre of them.他被卷入到它們(這群車隊(duì))中去了。(教材原句P18) First go and sweep up the snow.For lunch,I’ll treat you to a meat hotpot.先去掃掃雪,午飯我請(qǐng)你吃火鍋。 ◆拓展延伸 sweep away 摧毀;打動(dòng) sweep off 吹掉,拂掉 sweep through 沖過,迅速地移動(dòng) All the clouds were swept away by the strong wind.所有的云都被強(qiáng)風(fēng)吹走了。 He swept the dust off the table with his hand.他用手拂去桌上的灰塵。 The crowd swept through the gates of the stadium.人群沖過體育館的大門。,重點(diǎn)短語,重點(diǎn)句型,重點(diǎn)單詞,◆詞義辨析 1.sweep“清掃,打掃”,專指用掃帚打掃、清潔地板,也有猛力動(dòng)搖或肅清障礙之意。 2.clean“清除”,指用任何方式把污垢清除掉,或把東西刷新、把不純凈的東西弄純凈。 3.clear“清除”,一般指清除有形的東西、障礙等,也指清除妨礙進(jìn)步的思想觀念等。 4.wipe“擦,拭”,指用濕布或軟物擦干或擦拭干凈。 ◆現(xiàn)學(xué)活用 用sweep,clean,clear或wipe的適當(dāng)形式填空 1.She wiped the table with a damp cloth. 2.Her work consisted mainly of making coffee and sweeping the floor clean. 3.Can you clean the coat of these dirt marks? 4.The rubbish must be cleared away.,,,,,重點(diǎn)短語,重點(diǎn)句型,重點(diǎn)單詞,?過去分詞 Exhausted,I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.實(shí)在累壞了,我爬上床很快就睡著了。(教材原句P18) exhausted 為形容詞化的過去分詞,在句中作狀語,表示原因。此類形容詞化的過去分詞或短語作狀語時(shí)多放在句首,也可置于句末,多表示原因、時(shí)間、伴隨或方式等。 Frightened,she asked me to go with her.由于害怕,她要我跟她一起去。 Devoted to the people,he gave his life in saving his patients.他忠于人民,把畢生精力用于挽救患者的生命。 過去分詞在句中作定語、表語、賓語補(bǔ)足語和狀語等,表示被動(dòng)或完成。,重點(diǎn)短語,重點(diǎn)句型,重點(diǎn)單詞,1.過去分詞作定語。 單個(gè)過去分詞作前置定語。帶有修飾語或其他成分的過去分詞,作后置定語,在語法上相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句。 We have read many novels written by this author.我們讀過這個(gè)作家寫的很多小說。 2.過去分詞作表語,說明主語的狀態(tài)。 When we got there,the shop was closed.當(dāng)我們到達(dá)那兒時(shí),商店已經(jīng)關(guān)門了。 3.過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語 在感覺動(dòng)詞see,hear,feel,notice,watch,find以及使役動(dòng)詞get,have,make,leave,keep后作賓語補(bǔ)足語。 We found all the rivers seriously polluted.我們發(fā)現(xiàn)所有的河流都受到了嚴(yán)重的污染。,重點(diǎn)短語,重點(diǎn)句型,重點(diǎn)單詞,4.過去分詞作狀語 過去分詞作狀語時(shí)其邏輯主語為主句的主語,在語法上相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語從句。 Seen from the tower,the city looks beautiful.=When it is seen from the tower,the city looks beautiful.從塔頂眺望,這座城市看起來很美。 ◆現(xiàn)學(xué)活用 用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1.Doris got her hair cut(cut) last weekend. 2.We must adapt our thinking to the changed(change) conditions. 3.Surprised(surprise) and happy,Tony stood up and accepted the prize.,,,,重點(diǎn)短語,重點(diǎn)句型,重點(diǎn)單詞,?what引導(dǎo)賓語從句 However,I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a large market because of too many carriages flying by in all directions.然而,當(dāng)我們到達(dá)一個(gè)看上去像是大市場的地方時(shí),由于太多的車子朝四面八方飛奔,我看不見王平了。(教材原句P18) what引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí),在從句中作主語、賓語或表語,表示“所……的……”。 1.表示“……的東西或事情”,相當(dāng)于the thing that./all that./everything that.。 2.表示“……的時(shí)間”,相當(dāng)于the time that.。 3.表示“……的人”,相當(dāng)于the person that.。 4.表示“……的地方”,相當(dāng)于the place that.。,重點(diǎn)短語,重點(diǎn)句型,重點(diǎn)單詞,5.表示“……的數(shù)目”,相當(dāng)于the amount/number that.。 They have done what they can to help her.他們已經(jīng)做了他們能做的一切去幫助她了。 The young girl was too frightened to speak,standing there for what seemed like hours.小女孩嚇得不敢說話,在那兒站了似乎幾個(gè)小時(shí)。 This is what they call Salt Lake City.這就是他們稱作鹽湖城的地方。 He is not what he was a few years ago.他不是幾年前的他了。 Our income is now double what it was ten years ago.我們現(xiàn)在的收入是十年前的兩倍。 ◆現(xiàn)學(xué)活用 單句填空 1.The other day,my brother drove his car down the street at what I thought was a dangerous speed. 2.By improving reading skills,you can read faster and understand more of what you once thought impossible to understand.,,,一、單句填空 1.(2015·上海高考改編)It’s an (absolute)brilliant cartoon comedy. 1.absolutely。此處用副詞absolutely修飾形容詞brilliant。句意:這是一部絕對(duì)精彩的動(dòng)畫喜劇。 2.(2015·北京高考改編)That means a transparent object doesn’t look very different from the (surround) air or water. 2.surrounding。句意:這意味著透明的物體看上去和周圍的空氣和水不是截然不同的。surrounding為形容詞,意為“周圍的”,作定語。 3.(2015·福建高考改編)To be punctual one has to have self-discipline(自律),and the lack it affects others. 3.of。lack作名詞表示“缺乏,不足”之意,常與of搭配,與of后的名詞構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。句意:一個(gè)人要想做到守時(shí)必須要自律,缺乏這一點(diǎn)會(huì)影響到別人。,4.(2015·江蘇高考改編)Some schools will have to make (adjust) in agreement with the national soccer reform. 4.adjustments。句意:為了與國家的足球改革相適應(yīng),一些學(xué)校必須做出調(diào)整。make adjustments“做出調(diào)整,進(jìn)行調(diào)節(jié)”。 5.(2015·浙江高考改編)In a very real sense light pollution causes us to lose (see) of our true place in the universe. 5.sight。動(dòng)詞see的名詞形式為sight,lose sight of.意為“看不見……”。句意:實(shí)際上,光污染使得我們看不見我們?cè)谟钪嬷兴幍拇_切位置。 6.(2015·四川高考改編)Little Tom sat (amaze) watching the monkey dancing in front of him. 6.amazed。句意:小Tom坐在那兒吃驚地看著小猴子在他面前跳舞。amazed“感到吃驚的”,在此作方式狀語。,7.What does the coin in vasilopita signify for its (receive) in the New Year? 7.receiver。所填詞被its修飾,且根據(jù)the coin可知應(yīng)用receiver“接受者”。句意:對(duì)于新年收到vasilopita(蛋糕)的人來說,其中的硬幣預(yù)示著什么? 8.(2014·新課標(biāo)全國卷Ⅰ改編)The last confirmed wild pigeon in the United States (shoot) by a boy in Pike County,Ohio,in 1900. 8.was shot。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和時(shí)間狀語可知,shoot與boy為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài),故用was shot。句意:最后一只野生旅鴿被確認(rèn)是1900年由一個(gè)男孩在俄亥俄州派克縣射殺的。 9.(2013·江西高考改編)It was growing colder.He (tremble),twisting his body closer to the fire. 9.trembled。根據(jù)前面的句子可知應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí),tremble為不及物動(dòng)詞,故填trembled。 10.Mr Johnson is of good character,so he is respected and loved everyone in the neighborhood. 10.by。句意:約翰遜性格好,因此受到街坊四鄰的尊重和愛戴。此處指被別人尊重和愛戴,故填介詞by。,二、單元話題微寫作 未來生活 根據(jù)提示,將以下句子連成一篇英語短文。 1.過去的生活給我留下了不好的印象,空氣污染讓我難以忍受。(leave a bad impression;tolerate) 2.我對(duì)未來的生活感到樂觀。確信那時(shí)的生活環(huán)境將會(huì)更舒適環(huán)保。(be optimistic about;surroundings) 3.未來再生能源將得到進(jìn)一步開發(fā),不會(huì)擔(dān)心缺少能源;將會(huì)有更多機(jī)器人,幫助人們掃地和打開電視;只需按下按鈕,汽車就會(huì)加速向人們希望的方向行駛。(renewable energy;lack of;sweep up;switch on;speed up;button;direction) 4.這就是我們未來的生活。(what),The past life left a bad impression on me,for the air pollution was difficult for me to tolerate.However,I’m optimistic about life in future,firmly believing that the surroundings where we live will be more comfortable and environmentally friendly.People will not worry about the lack of energy any longer because renewable energy will have been further developed.More robots will be used to help people sweep up houses and switch on the television.Only by pressing the button can cars speed up and go in the direction people want them to.This is what our life will be like in the future.,