2019-2020年高中英語 Module 5 知識點講解 外研版必修1.doc

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2019-2020年高中英語 Module 5 知識點講解 外研版必修1 【詞條1】aim 【點撥】aim常作名詞,意為"目的,目標"。如: As students, we must be clear about our learning aims. I don’t know his aim of going to Beijing at this time of the year. 【拓展】 1.aim作名詞常用于以下短語: ①achieve one’s aim"實現(xiàn)某人的目標"。如: She made great efforts in order to achieve her aims. ②take aim at"向……瞄準；把矛頭或目標對準……"。如: The hunter took aim at the tiger and shot at it. 2. aim還可作動詞,意為"目的是,旨在；瞄準,對準等"。常用于以下結構: ①aim to do / at doing sth."旨在做某事"。如: They are aiming to reduce the unemployment rate by 50%. These steps aim at preventing crime. ②aim at sth."向……瞄準"。如: I was aiming at the tree but hit the car by accident. 【詞條2】balance 【點撥】balance可作名詞,意為"天平"。如: My mother bought a pair of balances yesterday. This kind of balance are mostly used in labs. 【拓展】 1. balance作名詞,還可意為"平衡,均衡",常用于balance between A and B。如: You should learn to keep a balance between work and relaxation. 2. 體會下列各句中balance短語的意思: ①Can you keep your balance standing on one leg? (保持平衡) ②She lost her balance while performing and had her leg hurt. (失去平衡) ③Hanging in the air, he is out of balance. (失去平衡) 3. balance也可作動詞,意為"保持平衡；相抵,抵消；權衡,比較"。如: How long can you balance on the narrow wood? She tries to balance her home life and work. Before making a decision, we must balance the advantages against its disadvantages. 4. balanced n."平衡的,均衡的"。如: We must keep a balanced diet to keep fit. 【詞條3】expand 【點撥】expand為動詞,意為"擴大,增加；膨脹"。如: A child’s vocabulary expands through reading. Metals expand when they are heated. 【拓展】 1. expand作動詞,還可意為"擴張,發(fā)展；闡述,詳述"。如: We have expanded our business by opening two more stores. I repeated the question and waited for her to expand. 2. expand意為"詳述,充分敘述",常用于expand on / upon sth.。如: Could you expand on that point, please? 3. expandable adj."可擴張的,可擴充的"；expansion n."擴張,擴展；膨脹"。如: This is an expandable suitcase.這是個可伸縮的公文包。 Though the economic situation is not so good, the pany is confident of its further expansion. 經(jīng)典短語透視 【短語1】add...to... 【點撥】add ... to ...意為"往……加入……" 如: Please add his name to this list. Do you have anything to add to his statement? 【拓展】常見的其他add短語還有: ①add up"把……加起來；合計起來"。如: Add up the numbers in this line and then you will get the final result. ②add up to"總計為……"。如: All the students in our school add up to 572. 【短語2】used to 【點撥】used to 意為"過去經(jīng)?！?,其中to為不定式符號,后接動詞原形。如: He used to climb the mountain every Sunday. I used to stay up late. 【拓展】 1. be used to do, be used to doing, used to do, be used as用法辨析: ①be used to do 意為"被用來做某事"。如: My literature book is used to be a pillow (枕頭)for the little boy. ②be used to doing意為"習慣做某事",其中to 是介詞。如: He has been used to living in the new school. ③used to do意為"過去常常做某事"。如: I used to sing loudly in the music class. ④be used as 意為"當做……來用"。如: Papers were used as a table when we were having picnic last week. 2. used to do 和would 用法比較: ①兩者都表示過去的動作,當表示過去習慣性的動作時,兩者可互換。如: When we were children we would go skating every winter. 相當于When we were children we used to go skating every winter. ②若表示過去持續(xù)的狀態(tài),或強調(diào)過去與現(xiàn)在的對比,通常只用used to, 不用would。如:He is not what he used to be. I don’t smoke these days, but I used to. 【短語3】be supposed to 【點撥】be supposed to意為"應該……；本該……",其中to是動詞不定式符號,不是介詞,其后要跟動詞原形。如: My sister is supposed to be back from America two days later. What you are supposed to do is studying well and being a useful person for society. 【拓展】 1. be supposed to do還可以意為"被期望……",它可以用來表示勸告、議；義務、責任等。如: Everyone is supposed to reach the classroom a little earlier than the bell rings. 2. be supposed to have done意為"本應做某事(但事實上沒有做)",表示一種虛假的情況。如: You are supposed to have handed in your homework by now. 3. be supposed to的否定結構為be not supposed to,它常用于口語中,意為"不被許可；不應當"。如: She was not supposed to be angry about that. 她本不該為那件事而生氣。 熱點語法聚焦 形容詞、副詞的比較級和最高級 形容詞和副詞比較難把握的就是級。本期我們主要學習一下形容詞、副詞比較級和最高級的構成及一些表示比較的固定結構。 一、形容詞、副詞比較級和最高級的構成 單音節(jié)和部分雙音節(jié)形容詞及副詞在詞尾加-er和-est構成比較級和最高級；多音節(jié)形容詞和副詞在原級前加more和most構成比較級和最高級。例如: 原級 比較級 最高級 bright brighter brightest thin thinner thinnest important more important most important naturally more naturally most naturally hard harder hardest 二、表示比較的結構 1. 比較級+ and + 比較級,意為"越來越……"。如: It’s being warmer and warmer. 2. the +比較級,the +比較級,意為"越……越……"。如: The harder you work, the better result you will get. 3. no more ... than ...,意為"……和……一樣不……"。如: I have no more money than Lily. 4. no less than,意為"多達,……那樣多"。如: I think he has worked for no less than 5 years till now.