高中英語(yǔ) unit2 Cloning section3課件 新人教版選修8.ppt

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Cloning,Unit 2,Section Ⅲ Using Language,Unit 2,Ⅰ．詞匯過(guò)關(guān) 1．__________ (v．) 打；撞擊；罷工 →__________ (過(guò)去式) →______________ (過(guò)去分詞) 2．__________ (adj．)虛榮的；自負(fù)的；徒勞的 →__________ (n．)自負(fù)；虛榮心；無(wú)意義 3．__________ (vt．)抵抗、對(duì)抗 →__________ (n．) →__________ (adj．) 4．__________ (adv．)僅；只；不過(guò) →__________ (adj．),strike struck struck/stricken vain vanity resist resistance resistant merely mere,5．__________ (n．)裝飾 →__________ (vt．) 6．________ (vt．)崇拜；愛慕；喜愛 →__________ (n．)崇拜者；贊美者；熱愛者 7．__________ (adj．)合情理的；講道理的；公道的 →__________(n．)理由；道理 8．__________ (n．)假定；設(shè)想 →__________ (v．) 9．__________ (vi．)退休 →__________ (n．),decoration decorate adore adorer reasonable reason assumption assume retire retirement,Ⅱ．短語(yǔ)自查 1．end in failure _________________ 2．look back on _________________ 3．develop a disease _________________ 4．put sth．to sleep _________________ 5．(be) bound to (do). _________________ 6．strike.into ones heart _________________,以失敗告終 回顧 患病 使(動(dòng)物)無(wú)痛苦地死去 一定或注定(做)…… 使……刻骨銘心,7．用/對(duì)某物進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn) _________________ 8．不時(shí)，偶爾 _________________ 9．使復(fù)生；使復(fù)活 _________________ 10．白費(fèi)力氣；枉費(fèi)心機(jī) _________________ 11．把……傳給…… ___________________ 12．狀況很好(壞)；情況很好(壞) ___________________,experiment with/on sth． from time to time bring back to life in vain pass on.to. in good/poor condition,Ⅲ．經(jīng)典句式 1．Diversity in a group means having animals ___________ _________________________． 群體的多樣性是指這群動(dòng)物的基因要以不同的方式排列。 2．So ____________________________________ is merely a dream！ 所以說(shuō)恐龍回歸地球的可能性僅僅是個(gè)夢(mèng)想罷了！ 3．It ________ unfair to clone any extinct animals if they ________ to live in a zoo． 任何絕種的動(dòng)物，如果一經(jīng)克隆便注定要生活在動(dòng)物園里的話，那是不公平的。,答案：1．with their genes arranged in different ways 2．the chances of dinosaurs ever returning to the earth 3．would be；were,Ⅳ．語(yǔ)篇理解 Read the text and choose the best answer according to the text 1．The writer of the text________． A．is excited by the possibility of cloning fierce and extinct animals B．believes that extinct animals can be brought back to life by cloning C．thinks it impossible or unsuitable to clone extinct animals like dinosaurs D．dreams of dinosaurs returning to the earth,2．The film Jurassic Park is popular because________． A．people are interested in the subject of cloning B．a(chǎn)ll the actors are dinosaurs C．it was directed by a scientist who clones dinosaurs D．it proves very interesting,3．Which of the following is TRUE？ A．Mice were cloned in 1981． B．Dolly the sheep was the first cloned animal． C．The name of the cloned cow is “Bison”． D．China was successful in cloning twin calves．,4．The reasons why a group of cloned animals all die of the same illness do NOT include________． A．they have the same arrangement of genes B．there isnt enough diversity in the group for them to overcome illnesses C．the illness is a new one D．their arrangement of genes cannot resist that new disease 答案：1－4．CADC,1．strike ①v．& n．打；擊；撞擊；碰撞；襲擊；突擊 He struck the table with his fist． 他用拳頭擊打桌子。 ②vi．& n．罷工 The coal miners struck for better safety conditions． 煤礦工人通過(guò)罷工要求改善安全條件。,③vt．突然想到；猛地意識(shí)到；打動(dòng)；給……印象；讓……覺(jué)得 An awful thought has just struck me． 剛才我腦子突然閃過(guò)一個(gè)可怕的想法。 She strikes me as a very efficient person． 在我眼里，她是個(gè)很干練的人。 ④v．(鐘)敲；鳴；報(bào)時(shí) The church clock just struck twelve． 教堂時(shí)鐘剛剛敲過(guò)12點(diǎn)。,知識(shí)拓展 ①striker n．罷工的人 ②striking adj．引人注意的 ③be/go on strike 罷工 ④It strikes sb．that.某人突然想起…… ⑤strike.into ones heart 使某人感到…… 注意：strike可作名詞，也可作動(dòng)詞，詞義和用法都很豐富，其中作“罷工，突然想到，給……印象”解時(shí)的用法是高考?？键c(diǎn)；此外，還應(yīng)注意strike作“打，襲擊”時(shí)與hit，beat等詞的區(qū)別。,比較網(wǎng)站 beat，hit，strike,圖解助記,,活學(xué)活用 (1)用strike，beat或hit的正確形式填空 ①Fortunately，the stone failed to________him． ②He________a match and lighted a candle． ③My heart was________fast． 答案：①hit/strike ②struck ③beating,(2)補(bǔ)全句子 我們隊(duì)贏得比賽的消息使我們都很興奮。 The news that our team won the competition________ excitement________our hearts． 答案：struck；into,2．resist vt．抵抗；對(duì)抗；忍住 ①She cant resist the hot weather any more． 她再也無(wú)法忍受這么熱的天氣了。 ②She couldnt resist laughing when she saw that young man． 當(dāng)她看到那個(gè)年輕人的時(shí)候，她忍不住笑了起來(lái)。,知識(shí)拓展 ①be hard/impossible to resist 難以拒絕 ②resist sb．/sth．抵抗/抵制某人/某物 ③cant/couldnt resist doing sth．禁不住干某事 ④resist doing sth．抵制干某事 ⑤resistant adj．抵抗的；有抵抗力的 ⑥be resistant to 對(duì)……有抵抗力 ⑦resistance n．抗拒；反對(duì)；抵抗力,活學(xué)活用 (1)完成句子 ①I dont know________ ________ ________ ________ ________(怎樣抑制我的憤怒)。 ②I was unable to________ ________(忍不住哭了)． ③The crops are better________ ________ ________(抗病方面更好)． 答案：①how to resist my anger ②resist crying ③at resisting diseases,(2)單句改錯(cuò) Tom couldnt resist to make jokes about his baldness． ________________________________________________． 答案：to make→making,1．from time to time 不時(shí)；偶爾 ①From time to time a helicopter flew by． 空中不時(shí)地有直升機(jī)飛過(guò)。 ②The food safety accidents happen from time to time． 食品安全事故時(shí)不時(shí)地發(fā)生。 ③While reading the book，he nodded from time to time． 他一邊看書，一邊不時(shí)地點(diǎn)頭。,知識(shí)拓展 常見time短語(yǔ)有： at one time 從前(某個(gè)時(shí)候)；曾經(jīng)；一度 at a time 每次；一次 at all times 總是；永遠(yuǎn) for the time being 暫時(shí) in no time 很快；立刻 at no time 在任何時(shí)候都不；決不 in time 及時(shí)；遲早；過(guò)了一段時(shí)間,at one time 有個(gè)時(shí)期；曾經(jīng)；一度 all the time 一直；始終 take ones time 不著急；慢慢來(lái) kill time 消磨時(shí)間 at the same time 同時(shí) ahead of time 提前；提早 race against time 爭(zhēng)分奪秒 time and again 一次又一次；重復(fù)地 keep time (鐘表)走得準(zhǔn),活學(xué)活用 完成句子 (1)Even though the Smiths have moved to a faraway place，we still see them________ ________ ________ ________(不時(shí))． 答案：from time to time (2)He went back from the meeting room________ ________ ________(立刻)． 答案：in no time,2．bring back to life 使復(fù)生；使復(fù)活 It is impossible to bring a dead person back to life． 讓一個(gè)人死而復(fù)生是不可能的。 知識(shí)拓展 bring sb．/sth．to life 使更有趣、更生動(dòng)；給……以活力；使蘇醒 come to life變得活躍；變得有趣；蘇醒過(guò)來(lái) come to oneself(昏迷后)蘇醒過(guò)來(lái)；醒悟過(guò)來(lái) A great actor can bring a character to life． 一個(gè)偉大的演員能讓角色生動(dòng)起來(lái)。,活學(xué)活用 完成句子 (1)In theory，cloning can________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(使一些絕跡的動(dòng)物復(fù)活)． (2)The party________ ________ ________(活躍起來(lái))when he told us the funny story． 答案：(1)bring some extinct animals back to life (2)came to life,3．in vain 白費(fèi)力氣；枉費(fèi)心機(jī) ①He tried to save his son from drowning，but in vain． 他試圖救他兒子免于溺死，但是徒然。 ②All their attempts were in vain． 他們所有的嘗試都是徒勞。 ③The police searched in vain for the missing gunman． 警察搜尋那個(gè)失蹤的持槍歹徒，但徒勞無(wú)獲。,注意：in vain“徒勞，白費(fèi)力氣”，用于句首時(shí)句子要用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。 He tried in vain to memorize the poem． →In vain did he try to memorize the poem． 他怎么背都沒(méi)辦法把那首詩(shī)背出來(lái)。,知識(shí)拓展 vain adj．虛榮的；徒勞的；自負(fù)的 try in vain to do sth．枉費(fèi)心機(jī)地做某事 They made vain attempts to reach the mountain top． 他們幾次嘗試登上山頂都失敗了。 He tried in vain to stop smoking． 他怎么努力也無(wú)法戒掉煙。,活學(xué)活用 (1)翻譯句子 過(guò)分的贊揚(yáng)會(huì)使人自高自大。 _________________________________________________ 答案：Too much praise can make a man vain．,(2)用恰當(dāng)詞語(yǔ)填空 His efforts to raise money for his program were________vain because no one showed any intention to take a cent out of their pockets． 答案：in 句意：他為自己的項(xiàng)目籌款的努力付諸東流了，因?yàn)闆](méi)有人愿意掏腰包。in vain表示“枉費(fèi)心機(jī)；徒勞無(wú)益；白費(fèi)力氣”。,4．in good/poor condition 狀況好/差 ①The house was in poor condition． 這所房子狀況不佳。 ②My car is old but in good condition． 我的車雖舊，但狀況良好。 ③Keepers said the pandas were in good condition． 飼養(yǎng)員說(shuō)大熊貓的狀態(tài)良好。,知識(shí)拓展 ①on condition that 在……的條件下；倘若…… I will go abroad on condition that I earn enough money． 如果我掙到足夠的錢，我就出國(guó)。 ②in condition 健康狀況好；保存得好 ③out of condition 健康狀況不好；保存得不好 ④on this/that condition 在這個(gè)/那個(gè)條件下 ⑤in good shape (植物)狀態(tài)良好；(指人)身體健康 注意：condition表示“條件；疾病”時(shí)為可數(shù)名詞；表示“健康狀況；可使用狀況”時(shí)為不可數(shù)名詞；表示“形勢(shì)；環(huán)境”時(shí)多用復(fù)數(shù)形式。,活學(xué)活用 用恰當(dāng)詞語(yǔ)填空 (1)Dr Collins couldnt lead the wildlife research in the tropical forest any longer because his health was in poor________． 答案：condition 句意：柯林斯博士不能領(lǐng)導(dǎo)在熱帶雨林里的野生動(dòng)物研究了，因?yàn)樗纳眢w狀況很壞(in poor condition)。,(2)I agree to his suggestion________the condition that he drops all charges． 答案：on 句意：我同意他的建議，條件是他放棄所有指控。on the condition that起連詞作用，引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，意思是“條件是，以……為條件”。,1．The popularity of films such as Jurassic Park，in which a scientist clones several kinds of extinct dinosaurs，proves how the idea struck a mixture of fear and excitement into peoples hearts． 在《侏羅紀(jì)公園》這部影片中，一位科學(xué)家克隆了幾種已絕種的恐龍。類似《侏羅紀(jì)公園》的電影很受歡迎證明了這一想法讓人覺(jué)得既恐懼又興奮。,本句的主干是The popularity.proves.，句中how引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句；主句中又包含in which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為Jurassic Park。 The school (which/that) he once studied in is very famous．＝The school in which he once studied is very famous． 他曾經(jīng)就讀過(guò)的學(xué)校很有名。 There are sixty students in our class in all，most of whom are from big cities． 我們班總共有60個(gè)學(xué)生，大多數(shù)來(lái)自大城市。,注意：“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句一般根據(jù)三個(gè)原則來(lái)確定介詞：①根據(jù)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；②根據(jù)先行詞；③根據(jù)句子意思。但也有許多考題需要我們把從句補(bǔ)充完整，建立與主句的聯(lián)系，才能找到這個(gè)介詞與句中其他部分的關(guān)系。,活學(xué)活用 用恰當(dāng)詞填空 She showed the visitors around the museum，the construction ________ ________had taken more than three years． 答案：of which 考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：她帶領(lǐng)游客參觀這家博物館。這家博物館的建設(shè)歷經(jīng)三年多才完工。定語(yǔ)從句中whose＋名詞＝of which＋the＋名詞＝the＋名詞＋of which，由此可知答案為of which。,2．Diversity in a group means having animals with their genes arranged in different ways． 種群多樣性是指種群中動(dòng)物的基因要以不同的方式排列。 (1)本句是簡(jiǎn)單句，動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)having animals.作means的賓語(yǔ)，with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)(即“with＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu))作后置定語(yǔ)，arrange與their genes為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。,(3)with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的用法： 作定語(yǔ) She saw a brook with red flowers and green grass on both sides． 她看到一條兩岸長(zhǎng)著紅花和綠草的小溪。 作狀語(yǔ) ①She left the office with tears in her eyes． 她眼里含著淚，離開了辦公室。(表示伴隨狀況) ②With his key lost，he couldnt get into the office． 由于鑰匙丟了，他進(jìn)不了辦公室。(表示原因),③The children began to watch TV with the homework done． 孩子們完成作業(yè)以后開始看電視。(表示時(shí)間) ④Id like to see the new film with time permitting． 如果時(shí)間許可，我想看那部新電影。(表示條件) ⑤The battle ended with the enemy defeated． 戰(zhàn)斗結(jié)束了，敵人被打敗了。(表示結(jié)果),巧學(xué)助記 with 復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)用法口訣 with結(jié)構(gòu)并不難，with后面賓語(yǔ)連， 動(dòng)賓關(guān)系用過(guò)分，主謂關(guān)系用現(xiàn)分， 將來(lái)要把不定跟，還有三種形副介。,活學(xué)活用 用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 (1)With so many essays________(write)，he wont have time to go shopping this morning． 答案：to write (2)He felt more uneasy with the whole class________(stare)at him． 答案：staring,(3)With a growing number of college graduates________ (consider)themselves to belong to the lower levels of society，experts suggest that students lower their expectations of the job market． 答案：considering 句意：面對(duì)自認(rèn)處于較低社會(huì)層次的大學(xué)畢業(yè)生人數(shù)的增加，專家們建議大學(xué)生們應(yīng)該降低對(duì)就業(yè)市場(chǎng)的期望值。在with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中，graduates與consider為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此用動(dòng)詞ing形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。,3．It would be unfair to clone any extinct animals if they were to live in a zoo． 任何絕種的動(dòng)物，如果一經(jīng)克隆便注定要生活在動(dòng)物園里的話，那是不公平的。 本句是虛擬條件句，且表示的是與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)。虛擬條件句在不同虛擬條件下，主從句謂語(yǔ)形式一覽表：,If it should rain tomorrow，the meeting would be put off． 如果明天下雨，會(huì)議將延期。 If I had lots of money，I would buy a car． 如果我有很多錢，我就買一輛小汽車。 If he had won the game，he would not have been so sad． 如果他贏得比賽的話，他就不會(huì)那么悲傷。,注意：若條件從句中含有were，had，should等，可將if去掉，并把were，should或had提到主語(yǔ)前。 Had you studied hard，you would have passed the exam． 如果你努力學(xué)的話，你早已通過(guò)考試了。 Should I not take the exam tomorrow，I would go for a picnic with you． 如果明天不考試的話，我就和你一起去晚餐。,活學(xué)活用 用恰當(dāng)詞語(yǔ)填空 (1)(2015真題改編北京)If I________(see)it with my own eyes ，I wouldnt have believed it． 答案：hadnt seen 句意：如果不是我親眼看到，我不會(huì)相信。根據(jù)后半句wouldnt have believed可以判斷是對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬。所以從句是if＋主語(yǔ)＋ had done的形式。故填hadnt seen。,(2)(真題改編北京)We ________ (be)back in the hotel now if you didnt lose the map． 答案：would be 考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。根據(jù)從句的時(shí)態(tài)可知，空格處表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的假設(shè)，再結(jié)合if虛擬句的特點(diǎn)可知應(yīng)填would be。句意：要是你沒(méi)有把地圖弄丟了的話，我們現(xiàn)在就已經(jīng)回到旅館了。,(3)(真題改編福建)________ (be)there no modern telecommunications，we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world． 答案：Were 考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣的倒裝。根據(jù)主句中的would have to wait可知，空格處應(yīng)表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的假設(shè)，故從句用一般過(guò)去式；另外，當(dāng)if從句中含有be動(dòng)詞were及助動(dòng)詞had時(shí)，可以把主語(yǔ)和if省略，同時(shí)把were或had提前，構(gòu)成倒裝句。句意：如果沒(méi)有現(xiàn)代化的電信設(shè)施的話，我們將不得不等候好幾周的時(shí)間來(lái)獲得來(lái)自世界各地的消息。,4．Based on what we know now，you cannot clone animals that have been extinct longer than 10,000 years． 就我們現(xiàn)在所知，你不可能克隆那些已經(jīng)絕種超過(guò)一萬(wàn)年的動(dòng)物。 過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)based on.作狀語(yǔ)。介詞on后接what引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。句中that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為animals。過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)的用法主要有：,①作原因狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于as，since，because引導(dǎo)的從句，這類狀語(yǔ)多放在句子的前半部分。 Given advice by the famous detective，the young lady was no longer afraid．(Since/As she was given advice by the famous detective.) 有了著名的偵探的指點(diǎn)，這位年輕的女士不再害怕了。 ②作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)(相當(dāng)于when引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句。如果兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，可在分詞前用when，while等使其時(shí)間意義更明確。),When heated，water can be changed into steam． 水加熱后可以變成蒸汽。 Discussed (Having been discussed) many times，the problems were settled at last． 在討論了多次之后，問(wèn)題終于解決了。(過(guò)去分詞既表被動(dòng)又表完成) Seen from the hill，the park looks very beautiful． 從山上看這個(gè)公園非常漂亮。(過(guò)去分詞只表被動(dòng)),③作條件和假設(shè)狀語(yǔ)(相當(dāng)于if，unless引導(dǎo)的從句) Given more time，we can finish the task on time． 如果被給更多的時(shí)間，我們能按時(shí)完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)。 ④作方式或伴隨情況狀語(yǔ) The hunter left his house，followed by his dog． 獵人離開了屋子，后面跟著他的狗。 She sat by the window，lost in thought． 她坐在窗前，陷入沉思。,注意：分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)要與句子的主語(yǔ)保持一致，否則分詞短語(yǔ)就要有自己的邏輯主語(yǔ)(用名詞或代詞的主格來(lái)表示)，這種結(jié)構(gòu)稱為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。 All our savings gone，we started looking for jobs． 積蓄全部用完了，我們就開始找工作。(All our savings gone是含有過(guò)去分詞的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)) He rushed into the room，his face covered with sweat． 他滿臉是汗地沖進(jìn)屋內(nèi)。(his face covered with sweat是包含過(guò)去分詞的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)),活學(xué)活用 用恰當(dāng)形式填空 (1)(真題改編天津)Clearly and thoughtfully ________ (write)，the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers． 答案：written 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：因?yàn)榍逦艿降乇粚懗鰜?lái)，這本書鼓舞了想尋找自己答案的學(xué)生的自信心。the book與write之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故填written。,(2) (2015真題改編重慶)Like ancient sailors，birds can find their way________(use)the sun and the stars． 答案：using 句意：象古代的水手，鳥能利用太陽(yáng)和星辰來(lái)找到他們的路。using是伴隨狀語(yǔ)。伴隨狀語(yǔ)是指狀語(yǔ)從句的動(dòng)作伴隨主句發(fā)生，它的特點(diǎn)是：它所表達(dá)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)是伴隨著句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作而發(fā)生或存在的。,5．So the chances of dinosaurs ever returning to the earth is merely a dream！ 所以說(shuō)恐龍回歸地球的可能性僅僅是個(gè)夢(mèng)想罷了！ dinosaurs ever returning to the earth 為“動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)”，在句中作介詞of的賓語(yǔ)。動(dòng)名詞帶上自己的邏輯主語(yǔ)，就構(gòu)成了動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。其邏輯主語(yǔ)一般由物主代詞、名詞所有格、人稱代詞的賓格和名詞來(lái)充當(dāng)。在口語(yǔ)中，物主代詞和名詞所有格可分別由人稱代詞的賓格或名詞代替。在句中可以充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。,①Would you mind my/me opening the window？ 我打開窗子你介意嗎？ ②He insisted on his sons/his son going to college． 他堅(jiān)持讓他兒子上大學(xué)。,知識(shí)拓展 (1)動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ)或動(dòng)名詞本身為being時(shí)，用“物主代詞/名詞所有格＋v．ing” Marys coming late made her teacher Mr．Smith quite angry． 瑪麗的遲到使她的老師史密斯先生非常生氣。 (2)動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)為無(wú)生命的東西時(shí)，用“普通格＋v．ing” Is there any hope of our team winning the game？ 我們的球隊(duì)有獲勝的希望嗎？,(3)有生命的名詞但表示泛指意義，用“普通格＋v．ing” Have you ever heard of women playing football？ 你聽說(shuō)過(guò)婦女踢足球的事嗎？ (4)兩個(gè)以上的有生命的名詞并列時(shí)，用“普通格＋v．ing” Do you remember my brother and me coming to see you the other day？ 你記得我弟弟和我前幾天來(lái)看你那件事嗎？,(5)動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)為復(fù)數(shù)名詞時(shí)，用“普通格＋v．ing” There are many reasons for animals dying out． 動(dòng)物滅絕有多種原因。 (6)動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)被其他成分說(shuō)明或修飾時(shí)，用“普通格＋v．ing” Have you heard of Miss Gao，our English teacher，going to the USA？ 你聽說(shuō)我們的英語(yǔ)教師高老師要去美國(guó)嗎？,活學(xué)活用 用恰當(dāng)形式填空 (1)His________(come)late for class again made his teacher very angry． 答案：coming 句意：他上課又遲到讓老師非常生氣。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知made前的成分為主語(yǔ)，而橫線前的his暗示此處應(yīng)為動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ)。,(2)________(the president；attend)the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement． 答案：The presidents attending 句意：總統(tǒng)親自參加會(huì)議給了他們莫大的鼓舞。本題考查動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ)，必須采用“名詞的所有格＋v．ing的形式”。,寫作指導(dǎo) 如何寫辯論報(bào)告 Ⅰ．寫作策略探究 這類文章要求用一定的理由來(lái)說(shuō)明自己對(duì)事物或問(wèn)題的見解，屬于議論文的范疇。寫作時(shí)要注意以下幾點(diǎn)：,1．篇章特點(diǎn) 議論文是一種以議論為主要表達(dá)方式的文體。就是擺事實(shí)、講道理，并要求通過(guò)多方面的分析，把道理說(shuō)通、說(shuō)透。議論文有三要素，即論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)和論證。論點(diǎn)的基本要求是：觀點(diǎn)正確，認(rèn)真概括，有實(shí)際意義，恰當(dāng)?shù)鼐C合運(yùn)用各種表達(dá)方式；論據(jù)的基本要求是：真實(shí)可靠，充分典型；論證的基本要求是：推理必須符合邏輯。,2．注意事項(xiàng) 寫作時(shí)應(yīng)注意： 第一，要提出正確鮮明的論點(diǎn)。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，要把論點(diǎn)寫在篇首或段首，這樣能起到綱舉目張的效果，讓讀者讀起來(lái)更容易把握文章思路。 第二，要重視論據(jù)這一關(guān)的闡述。論據(jù)就是用來(lái)證明論點(diǎn)的事實(shí)和道理。要有足夠的論據(jù)，可以列舉生活的實(shí)例來(lái)證明論點(diǎn)。 第三，論證是議論文中必不可少的部分。一段完整的議論，只有通過(guò)論證證明論據(jù)和論點(diǎn)之間的內(nèi)在邏輯關(guān)系，才能將論據(jù)和論點(diǎn)融為一體，也才能構(gòu)成一篇完整的、有說(shuō)服力的文章。,3．寫作形式 此類作文一般有兩種寫法。 (1)文章分三部分進(jìn)行論述： 第一部分：提出論點(diǎn) 第二部分：給出論據(jù) 第三部分：得出結(jié)論 (2)文章分四部分進(jìn)行論述 第一部分：說(shuō)明辯論的主題、參與者等 第二部分：列舉正方的觀點(diǎn)及其理由 第三部分：列舉反方的觀點(diǎn)及其理由 第四部分：闡明自己的觀點(diǎn),4．常見的寫作用語(yǔ) 總結(jié)： There are different opinions among people as to. We had a heated discussion about. Different people hold different opinions． Opinions are divided． People have taken/adopted different attitudes towards. People have different opinions on this problem． People take different views on this question．,表達(dá)不同觀點(diǎn)： .of them hold the opinion that. .of them are in favour of the idea that. People who are for/against the idea think. Some people believe that.Others argue that.,不同觀點(diǎn)之間的銜接用語(yǔ)： However，.of them hold a different view．/.of them hold the opposite opinion． People who are against it dont think so． However，each coin has two sides． Different from those.，.people think.． On the other hand，.people object that.． and，as well as，also. besides，in addition，moreover，whats more. unlike，on the contrary，on the other hand.,話題導(dǎo)入 請(qǐng)根據(jù)下面的提示寫一篇短文。 人們對(duì)于是否該用動(dòng)物進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)持有不同意見。請(qǐng)你就此用英語(yǔ)寫一篇辯論性的短文，介紹人們的不同觀點(diǎn)，并表達(dá)自己的看法。,寫作詞匯熱身 ①贊成______________ ②對(duì)……非常重要______________ ③該受責(zé)備________________ ④在某人看來(lái)________________ 答案：①in favour of ②be vital for ③be to blame ④in ones opinion,寫作表達(dá)練習(xí) ①Whether it is fair or not to animals is still an open question．(用it作形式主語(yǔ)改寫句子) _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ ②Scientists cant develop new kinds of medicine to save people from painful diseases and death if they dont do animal testing．(用“only＋狀語(yǔ)”引起倒裝句式改寫句子) _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________,③We must control the number of animals that are used in the scientific research．(用分詞作定語(yǔ)改寫句子) _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ 答案：①It is still an open question whether it is fair or not to animals． ②Only by doing animal testing can scientists develop new kinds of medicine to save people from painful diseases and death． ③We must control the number of animals used in the scientific research．,參考范文 Nowadays animal testing is widely used； however，it is still an open question whether it is fair or not to animals． Some people are in favour of animal testing．They think it is vital for modern science and medicine．Scientific progress is impossible without animal testing．We will not have a lot of new drugs if animal testing is forbidden．,Others are against animal testing．When animals die during the experiment，no one is to blame．It is cruel and unfair to animals． In my opinion，although animal testing is cruel，it is essential．Only by doing animal testing can scientists develop new kinds of medicine to save people from painful diseases and death．But we must control the number of animals used in the scientific research．,Ⅰ．單詞拼寫 1．He cant________(抵抗……的誘惑)ice creams． 2．They bought that house at a ________(合理的)price． 3．He was glad for his________(獲得)a prize． 4．The new aircraft has performed very well in its________(最初的)trials． 5．Its a bird in full ________ (羽毛)． 6．I ________ (只是) suggest you should do it again．,7．The great d______ to living near a main road is noise． 8．Its not necessarily a bad thing to________(崇拜)film stars itself． 9．Economists are working on the________(假設(shè))of an interest rate cut． 10．Everyone must receive 9 years of________(義務(wù)的)education． 答案：1．resist 2．reasonable 3．obtaining 4．initial 5．feather 6．merely 7．disadvantage 8．a(chǎn)dore 9．a(chǎn)ssumption 10．compulsory,Ⅱ．選詞填空 strike. into ones heart(s)； from time to time； be bound to； bring. back to life； in vain； in good condition 1．Our teacher________the importance of safety________，so we were all careful when crossing the street． 2．Though the building was built in the 1980s，it is still________． 3．The old kindhearted man donated money to charities________though he had not much money．,,4．To our great delight，the badly injured boy was ________ by the experienced doctors． 5．I am afraid your efforts are________； he wouldnt listen to others． 6．There appeared a rainbow．The weather________get better． 答案：1．struck；into our hearts 2．in good condition 3．from time to time 4．brought back to life 5．in vain 6．was bound to,