2019年高中英語 Unit 3 Life in the future單元過關(guān)檢測（B卷）新人教版必修5（含解析）.doc

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2019年高中英語 Unit 3 Life in the future單元過關(guān)檢測（B卷）新人教版必修5（含解析） 第一部分　語言知識及應(yīng)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分) 第一節(jié)：完形填空(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分) 閱讀下列短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的四個選項中選出最佳選項。 You may have heard the old story about the dedicated(專注的)fisherman.He had gone fishing with one of his__1__.They used the same equipment and fished together in the__2__mountain stream.He had almost caught his limit of fish while his friend caught only one.“Whats your secret？” asked the friend__3__.“I havent even gotten another__4__！” The fisherman emptied the contents of his mouth and replied，“You have to keep your worms(魚餌)__5__.” When it es to the dedication，there are at least three types of__6__.First，there are those who fish for sport.They like to “catch and release”，__7__throwing their catches back into the water.For these people，its all for__8__.Then there are those who fish because they like the__9__of fish.They are selective.They only keep the fish they will eat someday.Finally，there are those who fish because they are__10__.If they dont catch，they will have nothing to eat.It is important for this group to succeed，and they are__11__dedicated to what they do. Whether we__12__or even eat fish，there is a lesson to be learned here.Especially when the task before us is difficult or there seems to be few possibility to__13__，we are most likely to be successful if we approach a task with full dedication.Whether we want to__14__a relationship，build a new business，kick a drug habit or go back to school，we should see if we are__15__to do what it takes，even if it means keeping the worms warm. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 語篇解讀：本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。做任何事情要想成功，我們都應(yīng)該像那個專注的漁夫一樣，只有做到全力以赴，我們才能成就我們的事業(yè)。 1.A.friends B．brothers C．colleagues D．villagers 解析：由下文his friend得出：有一天，他跟朋友(friends)一塊兒去釣魚。 答案：A 2.A.clear B．same C．long D．wide 解析：與本空前same equipment構(gòu)成并列：這兩個人用的是同樣的釣魚設(shè)備，在同一個(same)山澗里釣魚。 答案：B 3.A.anxiously B．shamefully C．a(chǎn)ngrily D．curiously 解析：由上句兩個人的對話及whats your secret判斷：朋友迷惑不解地(curiously)問他，能釣到這么多魚的秘訣是什么。 答案：D 4.A.signal B．gift C．bite D．target 解析：根據(jù)上文fish可知：你釣了那么多魚，而我現(xiàn)在除了這條魚外還沒有別的魚咬鉤(bite)。 答案：C 5.A.warm B．soft C．big D．fat 解析：文章末句worms warm有提示：這個垂釣者說，你要保持你的魚餌新鮮(warm)。 答案：A 6.A.contents B．fishermen C．worms D．fishes 解析：根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容及下文who fish for sport可知，當談及專注時，至少有三種漁民fishermen。 答案：B 7.A.quickly B．purely C．carefully D．sadly 解析：由本空前catch and release可知，這些漁民當即(quickly)把釣到的魚再放生。 答案：A 8.A.wealth B．energy C．promise D．pleasure 解析：從上文sport以及上句他們的行為可知：這些人釣魚純粹就是為了消遣愉悅(pleasure)。 答案：D 9.A.color B．beauty C．taste D．price 解析：根據(jù)下文eat someday判斷：他們只對某種魚感興趣，他們的垂釣有選擇性，他們只釣?zāi)切┻m合自己口味(taste)的魚。 答案：C 10.A.weak B．greedy C．lazy D．hungry 解析：由下句have nothing to eat可知，最后，還有一種人純粹是為了生計。如果釣不到魚，他們就會挨餓(hungry)。 答案：D 11．A.temporally B．seldom C．fully D．gradually 解析：從本空前important for this group得出：對于這個群體來說，能釣到魚是非常重要的，所以，他們極其(fully)專注。 答案：C 12.A.hunt B．cook C．choose D．fish 解析：從上文敘述可知：無論是否釣魚(fish)還是吃魚，我們都從中學到了一個哲理。 答案：D 13.A.survive B．equip C．succeed D．differ 解析：下文successful有提示：尤其是當你面前的任務(wù)很難完成，看上去根本沒有成功(succeed)的希望的時候。 答案：C 14.A.improve B．a(chǎn)nalyze C．change D．a(chǎn)ffect 解析：由下文build a new business，kick a drug habit可知：無論我們是想改善(improve)一種關(guān)系，創(chuàng)立一番新事業(yè)，戒掉毒癮或者復學，我們都應(yīng)該看看自己做這件事的意愿(willing)到底有多大。 答案：A 15.A.suitable B．willing C．lucky D．a(chǎn)fraid 解析：參考上題解析。 答案：B 第二節(jié)：語法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分) 閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個適當?shù)脑~或使用括號中詞語的正確形式填空。 My hometown is in the southwest of England,16.______ is a very beautiful area in the country famous for its cheese.In the north of this area there are hills.In the south there are several villages on the coast,17.______ (surround)half of the hills.In the east there are woods and in the west there are more hills.There are several islands 18.______ the south coast,19. _____ fishermen go to catch fish.My village,20.______ (locate)on the River Test，has a 21.______ (popular) of 750 people.It is 15 kilometers to the east of Hope，the nearest town.22.______ new road runs into the village and divides it into two parts.My house is part of an old farm.My father used to keep animals in it,23._______ now the building has been changed into a house.There is an 24.______ (attract)garden in front of my house，in which I grow many kinds of flowers and vegetables.In the summer days my family often stay there in the open air and cook our meals.Can you imagine living in 25._______ a wonderful place? 16．解析：which引導一個非限制性定語從句，先行詞是地點，但由于引導詞在從句中作主語，只能用which。 答案：which 17．解析：surrounding 現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，表示“包圍著”。 答案：surrounding 18．解析：off表示“離……不遠處，與……相隔”，小島是在離海岸不遠處的海上而非在海岸上。 答案：off 19．解析：where引導非限制性定語從句，其先行詞是地點，where在從句中作狀語。 答案：where 20．解析：located表示“坐落在”，我的村莊坐落在River Test。 答案：located 21．解析：考查語境及短語have a population of “有……人口”。 答案：population 22．解析：考查冠詞的用法。 答案：A 23．解析：考查上下文邏輯，用but表轉(zhuǎn)折。 答案：but 24．解析：考查構(gòu)詞法，attractive作定語。 答案：attractive 25．解析：根據(jù)語境可知此處指“如此美麗的地方”。 答案：such 第二部分　閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分) 第一節(jié)：閱讀理解(共20小題；每小題2分，滿分40分) 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項中選出最佳選項。 A Canadian Alice Munro won the xx Nobel Prize for Literature for her stories of the struggles，loves and tragedies of women in smalltown Canada that made her what the awardgiving mittee called the “master of the contemporary short story”． “Some critics consider her a Canadian Chekhov.” the Swedish Academy said in announcing the award on its website，paring Munro to the 19thcentury Russian short story writer. The 82yearold Munro said it was“surprising and wonderful” to receive the award.“I am confused by all the attention and affection that has been ing my way，”she said in a statement.“I hope it encourages further interest in all Canadian writers.I also hope that this brings further recognition to the short story form.” Despite the honor and attention it would bring to her work，Munro told CBC News that the award would not change the decision she announced earlier this year to retire from writing. Munros strong point was to introduce into her stories a richness of plot and depth of detail usually more characteristic of novels.The characters in her stories are often girls and women who lead seemingly ordinary lives but struggle with difficulties ranging from abuse and unpleasant marriages to repressed(受壓抑的)love and the damage of aging. Born in 1931 in Wingham，a small town in the region of southwestern Ontario that serves as the setting for many of her stories，Munro started writing in her teens and has published more than a dozen shortstory collections over the years.Munros works include Lives of Girls and Women in 1971，Runaway in xx and Too Much Happiness five years later.Her story The Bear Came over the Mountain was adapted for the Oscarnominated(奧斯卡提名的)film Away from Her，directed by Sarah Polley.Munro also won the Man Booker International Prize in xx，and has won the Giller Prize—a top literary award in Canada twice. 語篇解讀：加拿大短篇小說作家艾麗絲門羅以女性題材作品贏得了xx年的諾貝爾文學獎。 26．What can we learn from Alice Munros short stories? A．She used to be a struggling woman. B．She is concerned about struggling women. C．They encourage women to fight for their rights. D．They focus on different aspects of society. 解析：推理判斷題。分析文章第一段和第五段的內(nèi)容可知，艾麗絲門羅的小說描述的都是處于困境中的女性，由此可知她十分關(guān)心這些女性。 答案：B 27．Why do some critics consider Alice Munro a Canadian Chekhov? A．She learned a lot from Chekhov. B．She introduced Chekhov to Canada. C．She has a similar writing style to Chekhov. D．She is as good a short story writer as Chekhov. 解析：推理判斷題。分析文章第二段可知，有些評論家把艾麗絲門羅成加拿大的契科夫，說明她的短篇小說的造詣不亞于契科夫。 答案：D 28．What does Alice Munro decide to do in the future? A．Continue writing. B．Stop writing. C．Direct films. D．Promote Canadian literature. 解析：細節(jié)理解題。從文章第四段可知，盡管獲得了諾貝爾文學獎，但艾麗絲門羅門羅還是決定要退休、擱筆。 答案：B 29．Which short story of Alice Munro was adapted for a film? A．Lives of Girls and Women. B．Run away. C．Too Much Happiness. D．The Bear Came over the Mountain. 解析：細節(jié)理解題。從文章最后一段可知，The Bear Came over Mountain被改編成了電影。 答案：D 30．How many times has Alice Munro won a prize? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 解析：細節(jié)理解題。從文章最后一段可知，艾麗絲門羅在獲得諾貝爾獎之前已經(jīng)有三次獲獎，由此可知她一共獲獎四次。 答案：C B Cambridge has overtaken Oxford as the leading UK university according to an authoritative guide published recently. It es top of 113 universities for 35 of the 46 subjects for which it is ranked, pared with five for Oxford. Cambridge is also the highest performing university for entry grades, facilities and graduate prospects (前途)． Oxford has dropped behind Cambridge — for the first time since xx— partly because Cambridge has counted the facilities provided by individual colleges for the first time.Also Oxford is third for student satisfaction. The guide rates Imperial College London, as third best followed by the London School of Economics and then St.Andrews, a university in Scotland which is the highest rating for student satisfaction. The league table (名次表) judges each university on nine measures.The factors taken into account are: exam results, student satisfaction, research records, student staff ratios, entry standards, graduate prospects, dropout (輟學學生) rates, spending on academic services and funding for other facilities. However, for the first time students are able to customize the table by setting their own priorities.The guide allows users to weigh the significance they put on factors such as student satisfaction, entry standards or the ratio between staff and students. Cambridge and Oxford, Britains oldest universities and among the worlds most prestigious academic institutions, have long, peted friendly for the top place to study. Oxford is slightly older than Cambridge, but they share a traditional college structure and both have a reputation for producing the countrys political, economic and cultural leaders. 31．Whats the text mainly about? A．Cambridge, the highest performing university. B．Cambridge, top of 113 universities. C．Oxford, dropping behind Cambridge. D．Cambridge beating Oxford in UK university list. 解析：主旨大意題。文章第一段點明了本文的主題，主要介紹了在一份最新公布的英國大學指南中，劍橋大學自xx年以來首次超過牛津大學，在英國高校綜合排名中位居第一。文章主要把兩個大學進行了比較，故不選B而選D。 答案：D 32．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Being ranked the highest performing university, Cambridge has topped the list of 113 universities in the UK for 35 of the 46 subjects. B．The university league table is dominated by Cambridge University followed by Oxford University, the London School of Economics and Imperial College London. C．Oxford has dropped behind mainly because Cambridge has counted the facilities provided by individual colleges. D．Cambridge has the highest rating for student satisfaction. 解析：細節(jié)理解題。從第五段知，大學的排名是：Cambridge，Oxford，Imperial College London，London School of Economics，St.Andrews，故B項錯誤；從第四段第一句Oxford has dropped behind Cambridge—for the first time since xx—partly because Cambridge has counted the facilities provided by individual colleges for the first time.可知C項中的mainly錯誤；從第五段可知，St.Andrews是最令學生滿意的學校，故D項錯誤；從文章第一段和第二段可知A項正確。 答案：A 33．The underlined word “customize” in Paragraph 7 probably means “________”． A．make B．place C．put D．exchange 解析：詞義猜測題。從第七段第二句話可知，這份指南允許學生們自己權(quán)衡哪項重要，哪項不重要。該詞所在句子的意思是：第一次學生們能夠根據(jù)自己的意愿制作表格，故customize的意思是make。 答案：A 34．Which of the following is not included in the nine measures of the league table? A．The ratio between staff and students. B．Entry standards. C．Performing qualification. D．Spending on academic services. 解析：細節(jié)理解題。從第六段可知，這9項因素：exam results，student satisfaction，research records，studentstaff ratios，entry standards，graduate prospects，dropout rates，spending on academic services and funding for other facilities.只有C不包括在內(nèi)。 答案：C 35．It can be inferred from the last two paragraphs that________. A．Cambridge and Oxford are both prestigious institutions B．Cambridge and Oxford are ranked the first two best universities in the world C．Cambridge and Oxford are Britains oldest universities, with Cambridge slightly older D．Oxford has a better reputation for producing better graduates 解析：推理判斷題。從最后一段第一句話可知，牛津的歷史更長一些，故C項錯誤；從倒數(shù)第二段可知，牛津和劍橋是世界上很優(yōu)秀的大學，但未說在世界上的排名，故B項錯誤；從最后一句話可知，這兩個學校都因為培養(yǎng)出了政治、經(jīng)濟和文化領(lǐng)導人而享有盛譽，故D項錯誤；從最后兩段可知，盡管劍橋排名優(yōu)先，牛津的歷史久一些，但這兩個大學都很優(yōu)秀。故選A。 答案：A C I have always lived in India，and was recently traveling from Mumbai to Jaipur for work.Arriving at the airport early and without much else to do.I decided to check out the gift shop there.As I walked around the store，I saw two American women having a nap in a chair outside.It looked as if they had been at the airport for hours，and I couldnt help doing something to help ease their wait. I looked around the store for a while，and ended up buying a mediumsized stuffed toy which looked like the cartoon character SpongeBob SquarePants.I asked the owner of the shop for a note and a pen and wrote，“When you get up if this makes you smile，it would mean the world to me.Have a good trip and an awesome experience.” I walked quietly towards the two women and placed the toy and the note next to them.Not wanting to surprise or wake them，I tried to be as slow and quiet as possible，but in my attempt to flee the scene，one of them woke up and caught me in the act.At first when she looked at me，I worried maybe she thought I was a thief! But when she looked at the toy and the note，she brightened up，as if this was the best thing anyone had ever done for her.“Is this for me，sir？”she asked in surprise.I gave her a huge smile and nodded. She was so delighted.For a minute，it didnt feel like we were strangers anymore.I shook hands with her，and her_smile_made_my_day.I walked away with nothing but admiration and gratitude from her，and came to feel that，even though we were from different places，she was just like me. 語篇解讀：小小善舉可以給他人和自己帶來美好心情。 36．The author went to the gift shop to________. A．buy some gifts B．kill time C．have a rest D．meet someone 解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段Arriving at the airport early and without much else to do，I decided to check out the gift shop there可知，作者逛禮品店是為了打發(fā)時間。 答案：B 37．What can we learn about the author from the passage? A．He flied from Mumbai to Jaipur to have a holiday. B．He wanted to play a joke on the two American women. C．He bought a mediumsized stuffed toy at the gift shop. D．He left the gift shop quietly without being found at last. 解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段第一句話可以確定答案選C。 答案：C 38．Which of the following best describes the author? A．Kind and considerate. B．Brave and strong. C．Proud and honest. D．Serious and boring. 解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段I couldnt help doing something to help ease their wait可以看出作者很友好；根據(jù)下文作者為那兩位女士留言和送禮物可以看出作者很細心。 答案：A 39．What does the underlined sentence “her smile made my day” in the last paragraph probably mean? A．Her smile surprised me. B．Her smile interested me. C．Her smile was very sweet. D．Her smile made me happy. 解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)紙條上的留言以及整篇文章的內(nèi)容來看，作者是真心想幫助機場的那兩位女士，由此可以推出，那位女士的微笑讓作者覺得很開心。 答案：D 40．What can be the best title for the passage? A．A thief caught in the act at the airport B．Two sleeping American women at the airport C．A gift for two sleeping strangers at the airport D．A cartoon character SpongeBob SquarePants 解析：主旨大意題。文章主要講述了作者在機場給兩位素昧平生的美國女士送禮物的故事。 答案：C D I had my first job at a local diner called the Buttercup Bakery when I was 22.I worked there for seven years and learned so many lessons，especially from a fellow waitress. Helen was in her 60s and had red hair and incredible selfrespect，something I was lacking.I looked up to Helen because she was doing what she loved—serving people—and nobody did it better.She made everyone smile and feel good，customers and coworkers alike. Being a waitress changed my life.One of my regular customers was Fred Hasbrook，an electronics salesman.He always ate an omelet(煎蛋卷)，and when I saw him walking toward the diner，I tried to have it on his table as soon as he sat down. Thanks to the newfound confidence I picked up from Helen，I dreamed of having my own restaurant.But when I called my parents to ask for a loan，they said，“We just dont have the money.” The next day，F(xiàn)red saw me and asked，“Whats wrong，sunshine？Youre not smiling today.”I shared my dream with him and said，“Fred，I know I can do more if somebody would just have faith in me.” He walked over to some of the other diner regulars and the next day handed me checks totaling $50,000along with a note that I have to this day.It reads，“The only collateral(抵押物)on this loan is my trust in your honesty as a person.Good people with a dream should have the opportunity to make that dream e true.” I took the checks to Merrill Lynchthe first time I had ever entered a brokerage house(經(jīng)紀行)—where the money was invested for me.I continued working at the Buttercup，making plans for the restaurant I would open.My investments soured，though，and I lost the money. I found myself thinking about what it would be like to be a stockbroker(股票經(jīng)紀人)．After great careful consideration，I decided to apply for a job at Merrill Lynch.Even though I had no experience，I was hired and ended up being a pretty good broker.Eventually I paid back Fred and my customers the $50,000，plus 14 percent annual interest.Five years later，I was able to open my own firm. 41．What does the second paragraph mainly tell us? A．Helen should have a restaurant of her own. B．Helen was really a very good waitress. C．The writer had to learn from Helen. D．The writer respected Helen. 解析：段落大意題。第二段主要介紹了作者很尊敬Helen，故選D。 答案：D 42．What is the meaning of the underlined word “soured” in the seventh paragraph? A．Doubled. B．Worsened. C．Succeeded. D．Returned. 解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)soured后面的I lost the money 可知B項正確。 答案：B 43．The writer learned to be________from Helen. A．happy B．patient C．confident D．independent 解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第一句可知C項正確。 答案：C 44．From what the note reads，we can see Fred________. A．believed in the writer B．wanted to learn from the writer C．was not willing to lend the writer$50,000 D．wouldnt lend the writer any money without collateral 解析：細節(jié)理解題。紙條上寫著“本貸款的唯一抵押就是我相信你為人誠實”，故選A。 答案：A 45．What does the writer want to tell us? A．Friendship is very important. B．Confidence is the key to success. C．Being a waitress changed her life. D．Without money we can do nothing. 解析：主旨大意題。全文介紹了作者向老服務(wù)員Helen學習自信以及一位顧客對她的幫助，這些都在她當服務(wù)員期間，可以說當服務(wù)員的經(jīng)歷改變了作者的人生。 答案：C 第二節(jié)：信息匹配 (共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分) 下面是一篇應(yīng)用文及其應(yīng)用場合的信息，請閱讀下列應(yīng)用文及相關(guān)信息，并按照要求匹配信息。請閱讀下列應(yīng)用文： Here is a selection of the tours organized for the ing year： 46．8 days mountaineering trip—climb Yunnans third highest peak，the Haba snow mountain.This is ideal for the truly adventurous.You need to be fit and healthy. 47．8 days cycling tour from Qiaotou Town—visit the spectacular Tiger Leaping Gorge.It is a leisurely tour suitable for anyone who is reasonably fit and healthy.No previous cycling experience is necessary and all our routes are on flat land! 48．8 days river whitewater rafting adventure on the Yangtze from the old town of Lijiang.This adultsonly tour is exclusively for good swimmers and physically fit. 49．10 days rainforest trek(乘牛車旅行)—spend 5 days in the forest and meet the local people.This is a walking tour and no previous experience is needed，just a curious mind and an interest in traditional cultures. 50．10 days horse trekking tour—visit authentic Tibetan villages of Shangrila.The ultimate horseriding experience in a spectacular mountain environment.This trip is for confirmed riders only.Dont expect threestar hotels on this trip. 請閱讀以下有出游意向的人的要求，然后匹配出游者和他們所選的線路： A. An 18yearold student who is intereste