2019-2020年高考英語一輪總復習 課時作業(yè)2 English around the world 新人教版.doc

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2019-2020年高考英語一輪總復習 課時作業(yè)2 English around the world 新人教版 Ⅰ.閱讀理解 (xx湖北省天門中學元月質檢) Heavy snowfall and chilling temperatures of －30℃ do not stop criminals in northern Russia. Now police trying to maintain law in the region are struggling on their snowmobiles and want to use reindeer to bat crime on the bleak tundra(陰冷的凍土地帶)． They say that that mammals are more reliable than their machines and can run fast on deep snow thanks to their adaptable hooves. Some areas of the countrys Arctic region are only accessible by reindeer and the lzvestia newspaper has reported that a gang of Siberias indigenous(本土的) people are using reindeer to make a speedy get away from crime scenes, leaving police on snowmobiles behind. Russian police chasing the criminals told the newspaper that their snowmobiles can break down and run out of gas—unlike reindeer. Irina Pimkina from the regions Interior said：“Of course we have snowmobiles in service, but one should understand that a machine is a machine.” “A snowmobile can break down or get stuck in the tundra, but the deer will run at all times.” The force believes that the animals will give them an edge in policing the remote area and they have been asking for reindeer recruits for two years. Reindeers hooves are unique because they adapt to seasonal weather conditions, Mother Nature Network reported. When ground is soft in the summer, the bottoms of the animals hooves act like sponges to provide traction(牽引力)，while the rim(邊緣) of the hoof bees exposed in the winter. This means that they can cut into ice and snow to stop them from slipping. They even use them to dig down through hard snow so they can find their favorite food—a lichen known as reindeer moss. The vision of reindeer may also outperform a snowmobiles lights, because the animals can see ultraviolet light. Snow reflects up to 90 percent of UV light and this ability helps the animals to see clearly in dim lighting and landscapes that are largely white, where may objects blend unto the landscape. Things like fur and urine, for example, show up clearly in ultraviolet light, pared to what humans see. A study by University College London(UCL) revealed in 2011 that reindeer can see light with wavelengths as short as 320 nanometers(nm), considerably below the human threshold of 400 nm. Researchers from the University of Troms discovered that the eyes of reindeer change color according to the seasons too. While it may seem funny that policemen could use reindeer like a police car, the countrys navy already uses animals to enforce rules. The Russian Defense Ministry uses donkeys to patrol(巡邏) the countrys mountain ranges, while the Navy employed the help of dolphins to enable them to detect underwater mines. 1．Which one of the following statements is NOT the reason why police want to use reindeer to chase criminals on snow? A．Their hooves can stop them from slipping. B．They can see ultraviolet light. C．Their hooves act like sponges to provide traction. D．They will run at all times. 2．What does the underlined word “outperform” in Paragraph 11 mean? A．as strong as　　　　　　　 B．stronger than C．as good as D．better than 3．What does the last two paragraphs imply? A．The idea of using reindeer as a police car is funny. B．The idea of using animals to enforce rules is not new. C．Animals are cleverer than human beings. D．Dolphins can help detect underwater mines. 4．What does the passage mainly tell us? A．Mammals are more reliable than machines. B．Police in northern Russian want to use reindeer to fight against crime. C．The version of reindeer is better than man. D．Reindeers hooves can adapt to seasonal weather conditions. 答案與解析 1．C　細節(jié)理解題。從第六段最后一句．..but the deer will run at all times.可知D項正確；從第十一小段．..because the animals can see ultraviolet light. 可知B項正確；從第九小段When ground is ...act like sponges to provide traction(牽引力)．..可知A項正確。 2．D　詞義猜測題。從畫線后的because the animals can see ultraviolet light可知D項正確。 3．B　推理判斷題。從最后兩段內容可知B項正確。 4．B　主旨大意題。從第二段Now police trying to maintain law in the region are...and want to use reindeer to bat crime...可知B項正確。 Ⅱ.完形填空 Joe Simpson and Simon Yates were the first people to climb the West Face of the Siula Grande in the Andes mountains. They reached the top __1__， but on their way back conditions were very __2__. Joe fell and broke his leg. They both knew that if Simon __3__ alone, he would probably get back __4__. But Simon decided to risk his __5__ and try to lower Joe down the mountain on a rope(繩)． As they __6__ down, the weather got worse. Then another __7__ occurred. They couldnt see or hear each other and, __8__， Simon lowered his friend over the edge of a precipice(峭壁). It was __9__for Joe to climb back or for Simon to pull him up. Joes __10__ was pulling Simon slowly towards the precipice. __11__， after more than an hour in the dark and the icy cold, Simon had to __12__. In tears, he cut the rope. Joe __13__ into a huge crevasse(裂縫)in the ice below. He had no food or water and he was in terrible pain. He couldnt walk, but he __14__ to get out of the crevasse and started to __15__ towards their camp, nearly ten kilometers __16__. Simon had __17__ the camp at the foot of the mountain. He thought that Joe must be __18__， but he didnt want to leave __19__. Three days later, in the middle of the night, he heard Joes voice. He couldnt __20__ it. Joe was there, a few meters from their tent, still alive. 1．A.hurriedly　　　　　　　 B．carefully C．successfully D．early 2．A.difficult B．similar C．special D．normal 3．A.climbed B．worked C．rested D．continued 4．A.unwillingly B．safely C．slowly D．regretfully 5．A.fortune B．time C．health D．life 6．A.lay B．settled C．went D．looked 7．A.damage B．storm C．change D．trouble 8．A.by mistake B．by chance C．by choice D．by luck 9．A.unnecessary B．practical C．important D．impossible 10．A.height B．weight C．strength D．equipment 11．A.Finally B．Patiently C．Surely D．Quickly 12．A.stand back B．take a rest C．make a decision D．hold on 13．A.jumped B．fell C．escaped D．backed 14．A.managed B．planned C．waited D．hoped 15．A.run B．skate C．move D．march 16．A.around B．away C．above D．along 17．A.headed for B．traveled to C．left for D．returned to 18．A.dead B．hurt C．weak D．late 19．A.secretly B．tiredly C．immediately D．anxiously 20．A.find B．believe C．make D．accept 答案與解析 喬和西蒙是首批登上安第斯山脈 Siula Grande 峰的人，但在下山時，由于氣候條件的變化，喬失足摔下，雖然摔斷了一條腿，但三天后西蒙聽到喬的聲音出現在離他們帳篷幾米遠的地方。 1．C　根據空后的“but on their way back...”可推知他們成功登頂，故選 successfully。 2．A　由空后的“Joe fell and broke his leg.”可推知當時的氣候條件一定很糟糕，故選 difficult。 3．D　上句提到了喬失足摔下，故此處用 continued 表示“他們兩個都知道，如果西蒙獨自繼續(xù)下去的話”。 4．B　此處用 safely 表示“他大概能夠安全地返回?！? 5．D　fortune “運氣，財富”； time “時間”； health “健康”； life “生命”。此處用 life 表示“但是西蒙決定拿自己的生命去冒險”。 6．C　此處用 went 表示“當他們往山下去的時候，天氣變得更加糟糕。” 7．D　由上句中的“the weather got worse”可知，另外的麻煩出現了，故選 trouble。 8．A　由于上句提到了“They couldnt see or hear each other”，所以此處應選擇 by mistake，表示“他錯誤地把他的朋友降到了峭壁的邊緣”。 9．D　由上句的 “l(fā)owered his friend over the edge of a precipice (峭壁)”可知，對喬來說，爬回來或者西蒙把他拽回來是不可能的，故選D項。 10．B　由于喬在峭壁的邊緣，所以他的體重把西蒙也慢慢地拉向了峭壁。故選B項。 11．A　由“after more than an hour in the dark and the icy cold”可知，此處用 Finally 表示“最終……”。 12．C　此處用 make a decision 表示“西蒙不得不下決心，割斷繩子”。 13．B　既然西蒙把繩子割斷了，所以喬掉進了下面一個巨大的冰縫里。故選 fell。 14．A　由上句的 “He couldnt walk”以及空前的 but 可知此處用 managed 表示“他設法從冰縫中爬了出去”。 15．C　由第一段內容可知，此處應選擇 move 表示“朝他們的營地移動”。 16．B　表示“他們的營地在接近10千米遠的地方”要用 away。 17．D　head for “前往”； travel to “到……去”； leave for “動身去……”； return to “回到……”。此處用 returned to 表示“西蒙已經回到了山腳下的營地?！? 18．A　由空后的“but he didnt want to leave”可知此處應選擇 dead 與該段最后的 alive 呼應，表示“他認為喬一定死了。” 19．C　此處用 immediately 表示“他不想馬上離開?！? 20．B　此處用 believe 表示“他不敢相信這件事情是真的：喬就在距離他們的帳篷幾米遠的地方，仍然活著”。 Ⅲ.語法填空 (xx河南省周口市月考) A：I like English very much. One reason is __1__ it is important and __2__(frequent) used in international business. B：Yes. It plays an important part __3__ the modern world. __4__ present a large number of people __5__ learning it and the number of the people learning English __6__ increasing. A：__7__we all know, there are a lot of __8__(express) used in daily munication. Could you speak standard English? B：No, but believe __9__ or not, there is no such thing as standard English. What we need to do is to speak fluent English and make use __10__ the language as often as possible. A：Maybe you are right. Lets try our best. 答案與解析 1．that　that 引導表語從句，無意義，也不充當任何句子成分。 2．frequently　修飾實義動詞用副詞。 3．in　play an important part in 在……中起作用。 4．At　at present 目前，現在。 5．are　a large number of... 作主語，謂語動詞用復數形式。 6．is　the number of... 作主語，謂語動詞用單數形式。 7．As　as we all know 就我們所知。 8．expressions　a lot of 后跟復數名詞。 9．it　believe it or not 信不信由你。 10．of　make use of 利用。 Ⅳ.短文改錯 Dear Lucy， I am very excited to learn that youre ing to Xian for travel. Both my parent miss you a lot. So is our friend, Ruby. April is best time of the year to visit Xian. There is only a few rain and the weather is neither too hot or too cold. There are so many places I wanted to take you to after I finish my work like a volunteer in the local charity. When you e, you can stay with ourselves. My house is about three kilometers far away from Xian Moslem Street where is full of local foods. Best regards， Janet 答案 Dear Lucy， I am very excited to learn that youre ing to Xian for travel. Both my miss you a lot. So our friend, Ruby. April is best time of the year to visit Xian. There is only a rain and the weather is neither too hot too cold. There are so many places I to take you to after I finish my work a volunteer in the local charity. When you e, you can stay with . My house is about three kilometers away from Xian Moslem Street is full of local foods. Best regards， Janet