【創(chuàng)新設計】高考英語總復習 第一單元 Unit 1　The written word 必修8（江蘇專用）

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1、 Unit 1　The written word 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Ⅰ.單詞默寫 1．classic adj經典的，古典的 n．經典作品，名著 2．abuse vt.虐待；辱罵；濫用 3．generous adj慷慨的，大方的 4．abnormal adj 不正常的，反常的，異常的 5．reform vt.，vi.&n. (使)改過自新，改造；改革，改良 6．antiaue n. 古董，古物 7．criminal n. 罪犯 8．violent adj.暴力的，粗暴的；猛烈的，強烈的 9．exhibit vt. 展覽，展出，陳列 1

2、0．rescue n．，vi.&vt. 救援，營救 11．adaptation n. something adapted or the process of adapting 12．civil adj. polite enough，without being friendly 13．talent n. a special natural ability 14．overnight adv. for or during the night 15．stress vt. to give particular importance to a matter when talking or wri

3、ting about it Ⅱ.詞匯拓展 1．harm n．傷害，損害，危害；邪惡，惡行→harmful adj有害的→harmless adj無害的 2．fortune n．財富；運氣；好運→fortunate adj幸運的→fortunately adv.幸運地→misfortune n．不幸 3．settle vt.使定居；安頓，安放；解決(問題等)→settlement n．→settler n．移民 4．compare v．比較，相比→comparison n．比較→comparative adj比較性的 5．resist vi.&vt.抵抗，反抗，抵制→resistan

4、t adj抵抗的→resistance n．抵抗 語境助記——詞不離句，句不離段 He had great stress to the exhibition, for his companions had strong resistance against his reform at first, but the fortune brings him good reputation and makes them tend towards it. Ⅲ.短語落實 1．live up to 達到，符合(期望) 2．be bent on(doing) something 決心要做某事 3．

5、come to ones rescue 救援/幫助某人 4．have nothing to do wirh和……無關 5．give up放棄 6．too_eager_to_do_sth 非常渴望做…… 7．appeal_to吸引 8．get_arrested被捕 9．let_out放出，發(fā)泄，泄露 10．compare...to... 把……比作…… Ⅳ.句子翻譯 1．Pips sister often abuses him，but Joe is a kind and simple man，who would rather die than see any harm come

6、 to Pip.(Page 3) 皮普的姐姐經常虐待他，但喬卻是一個善良淳樸的人，他寧愿死也不愿看到皮普受到任何傷害。 2．This change in Pip is calked character development，which is an important part of almost any novel.(Page 3) 這種變化叫作性格改善，幾乎是任何小說的重要組成部分。 3．Money and education change him，and before long he becomes vain and ashamed of his background.(Page

7、 3) 金錢和教育改變了他，不久他變得自負且羞于自己的背景。 4．它們并沒有消失，并且在當今世界仍占有一席之地。(Page 2) They_have_not_disappeared_and_still_have_a_place_in_the_world_today. 5．他同情奧立弗(Oliver)，把他帶回家，并試圖去改造他。(Page 9) He_pities_Oliver，takes_him_home_and_tries_to_reform_him. Ⅴ.教材設題 句型轉換(每空不超過3個單詞) A．This makes them difficult for some

8、 people to read，and often，so they are often left to gather dust on shelves.(教材P2) →This makes them difficult for some people to read，and often，they are often left_dusty/left_gathering_dust/covered_with dust on shelves. B．Nobody would bother to make these classic novels into films if they had noth

9、ing to do with life today.(教材P2) →Nobody would bother to make these classic novels into films if not_referring_to/not_dealing_with/not_related_to/not_connected_with life today. C．He first pullished many novels one chapter at a time in the newspaper，and some were later performed on stage.(教材P2) →H

10、e … the newspaper，some_of_which/of_which_some were later performed on stage. D．People say that Burns first love encourged him to write poetry.(教材P14) →People say that it_was Burns first love that encouraged him to write poetry. E．The poem was published in 1794 and，like many of Burnss poems，it was

11、 intended to be a song.(教材P14) →The poem, intended_for/designed_for/aimed_at being a song like many of Burnss poems，was published in 1794. spare adj.多余的；少量的 【課本原句】 Do people still read books in their spare time? (P1)人們在業(yè)余時間仍然閱讀書籍嗎？ in ones spare time ＝ in ones free time ＝ at ones leisur

12、e　　　　在某人的空閑時間 spare tire　　　　　　　　備胎 【聯想拓展】 spare sb time 　　　　　　為某人勻出時間 spare no expense 不惜費用 spare no effort (to do) 不遺余力地(去做) spare sbthe trouble of 不想麻煩某人 spare ones life 饒某人一命 ——看看高考怎么考 ①我們抽出時間、空間和愛給予狗，而狗回報給我們的是他們的全部。(2010江西卷單項填空) We_give_dogs_time，space_and_love_we_can_spare，an

13、d_in_return，dogs_give_us_their_all. ②Of the two coats，Id choose the cheaper one to ________ some money for a book. (2012湖南石門一中高三摸底考試) A．share B．spare C．lend D．spend 答案　B ③Some passengers complain that it usually ________ so long to fill in travel insurance documents. (2012株洲二中

14、月考) A．costs B．takes C．spends D．spares 答案　B ④The home improvements have taken what little there is ________ my spare time. (2012永州四中第一次月考) A．from B．in C．of D．at 答案　C fortune n．財富；運氣，幸運 【課本原句】 ...a very generous stanger gives Pip a large fortune.(P3

15、) ……一位非?？犊哪吧私o了皮普一大筆錢。 【聯想拓展】 by good/bad fortune　　　　幸好/不幸 tell ones fortune 算命 make a fortune 發(fā)財 seek ones fortune 碰運氣，找出路 come into a fortune (因繼承等而)得到財產 have fortune on ones side 福星高照 fortunate adj 幸運的，吉利的 ——看看高考怎么考 ①在澳大利亞發(fā)現黃金這件事使成千上萬的人相信(他們)注定會發(fā)大財。 The discovery of gold in Au

16、stralia led thousands to believe that a fortune was to be made.(2010全國Ⅰ單項填空32) 翻譯句子 ②通過看手相，她能算出你的命運。 She_can_tell_your_fortune_by_examining_your_hands. 句型轉換 ③She is fortunate in having a good husband. ＝She is fortunate_to have a good husband. ＝It_is_fortunate that she has a good husband. ＝Fo

17、rtunately，she has a good husband. ＝By_good_fortune，she has a good husband. ＝She has_the_good_fortune to have a good husband. resistv.抵抗，反抗，抵制 【課本原句】 ...pressuring him with the threat of violence if he resists.(P9)如果他反抗，(他們)就的暴力威脅的方式向他施加壓力． 【聯想拓展】 resist (doing) sth　　　　抵制(做)某事 resist (the) te

18、mptation 抵抗誘惑 put up resistance (to…) 進行(對……的)抵抗 be resistant to… 對……抵制 resistance n. 反抗；抵制 resistant adj. 對……有抵抗力的；抵抗……的 ——看看高考怎么考 ①Mootee says many people resist_going for treatment because they fear they are“crazy”． Mootee說很多人抵制進行治療，因為他們害怕他們會“瘋狂”。 完成句子 ②There has been a lot of r

19、esistance_to this new law. 反對這一部新法律的人很多。 ③I was in their power，and knew it was pointless to_resist． 我在他們股掌之中，知道抗拒毫無意義。 work n．作品，著作；工作，勞動；工作成果，產品 v．工作，勞動；運轉，起作用，操作；造成，產生 【課本原句】 Oliver Twist，David Copperfield and Great Expectations are probably his bestknown works.(P2)《霧都孤兒》、《大衛(wèi)科波菲爾》和《遠大前程》可能是

20、他最廣為人知的作品。 【聯想拓展】 work as ...　當……；做……工作 work at/on 從事于，致力于 work out 算出，理解，制定出；想出，解決；產生結果；鍛煉 at work 在工作 in work/out of work 在業(yè)/失業(yè) 【注意】 (1)work作“作品，著作”講時，是可數名詞，可以說a work一部著作，two works兩部著作。 (2)works作“工廠”講時，單數和復數同形，可以說a chemical works一家化工廠。 (3)work作“工作”講時，只能用作不可數名詞，“一項工作”可以說：a piece of

21、 work。 ——看看高考怎么考 翻譯句子 ①在我們制定計劃之前，我們最好詳細地討論一切。 Wed_better_discuss_everything_in_detail_before_we_work_out_the_plan.( 2011 江蘇卷單項填空32) ②You cant predict everything.Often things dont ______ as you expect. A．run out B．break out C．work out D．put out 答案 　C ③Although the woman worked in a st

22、eel ______，she wrote several ______ in her spare time. (2012湖南醴陵一中月考) A．work；work B．works；work C．work；works D．works；works 答案　D deserve vt.值得；應得；應受 【課本原句】 ...he will have no real family and none of the love he deserves.(P4) 他將沒有實際家庭，也得不到任何的

23、愛。 【聯想拓展】 deserve＋v.ing/to be done...　值得被…… deserve sth 應得某物 deserve consideration/attention 值得考慮/注意 deserve to_do sth 應該/值得做某事 get what you deserve 罪有應得 deserve it (口)自作自受，活該 ——看看高考怎么考 翻譯句子 ①如果做錯事，你應當受罰。 If_you_do_wrong，you_deserve_punishment/to_be_punished/punishing. ②她應該成功。 Sh

24、e_deserves_to_succeed. talent n[U.C]．天資，才識，人才 【課本原句】 ...he had little talent for soccer.(P11) ……他對足球幾乎沒有什么天賦． 【聯想拓展】 show talent　　　　　　　　顯示才能 average talent 普通才能 have a/much talent for music 具有音樂才能 creative/top talent 創(chuàng)新人才/頂尖人才 辨析　genius/gift/talent 三者都可表示“天才，才能”。 (1)genius“天才”，語氣較強，主要

25、指智力方面具有極其特殊和非凡的能力，含有獨創(chuàng)和創(chuàng)造的意味，尤其指在藝術和科學方面從而大大超過不同時代的人。 (2)gift強調人天生具有的能力和品質，通常指大自然授予的，不需努力便可獲得，同時不一定具有創(chuàng)造性；也可作“禮物”講。 (3)talent主要指某一方面(如音樂、美術等)具有的“天資、才能”，具有talent的人往往需要后天的努力和教育去獲得知識和能力，才能成為真正具有talent的人。 ——看看高考怎么考 There were many talented actors out there just waiting to be discovered.(2010江西單項填空32)

26、 在外面有許多有才華的演員等著被發(fā)現。 翻譯句子 1．他有音樂才能。 He_has_a_talent_for_music. 2．他是一個多才多藝的人。 He_was_a_man_of_many_talents. pressure vt.對……施加壓力，迫使 n．壓力，擠壓，強大的影響 【課本原句】 Pressuring him with the threat of violence if he resists.(P9) 如果他抗拒的話，就以暴力威脅對他施壓。 【聯想拓展】 put pressure on sb(to do sth)　給某人施加壓力(做某事)；迫使某人(做

27、某事) under pressure 有壓力的，在壓力下 pressure sb to do sth/into doing sth 迫使某人做某事 ——看看高考怎么考 ①He also gave me some pressures(pressure)on dressing and speaking.I handed out my resume and went home feeling very disappointed.(2011安徽卷完形填空) ②Can you work under_pressure？(在壓力下) ③We dont want to ______ p

28、ressure ______ you to make a decision，but we havent much time left. (2012湖南隆回一中月考) A．put；to B．place；on C．put；on D．place；to 答案　C adaptation n．改編，改寫；適應，改變 【課本原句】 Three years later，in 1998，a modern adaptation of Charlies Dickens novel Great Expectations appeared in cinemas.(P2)三年

29、后，1998年，查理狄更斯小說《遠大前程》現代版被搬上銀幕。 【聯想拓展】 adapt vt.　　　　　較適應，較適合；改編；改寫 adapt...to 較……適應 Hes working in a screen adaptation of his latest novel. 他正在把他最新小說改編成電視劇。 She was responsible for the adaptation of the book. 她負責改編這本書。 ——看看高考怎么考 ①He tried hard to_adapt_himself(使自己適應)to the new conditions.

30、 ②The author is going to_adapt(改編他的劇本)his script for television. ③He has not yet adapted_to(適應)the climate. tend vi.趨向，傾向；照料，照管(某人/物)；在(商鋪、酒吧等)中接待顧客 【課本原句】 The poetry of this period tends to use imagination and touch on strong feelings.(P14) 這個時期的詩歌往往利用想象而強烈感人。 【聯想拓展】 tend to do sth　　　　易于/往往會

31、做某事(尤指不好或惱人的事) tend towards... 有……的趨勢，傾向于…… tend to 照料，照顧；接待 tendency n. 傾向，趨勢 ——看看高考怎么考 ①Perhaps the best reason for exploring space is this genetic_tendency(遺傳傾向)to expand wherever possible.(2011江西卷閱讀理解D) ②Examples include the color of the teens hair，the cleanliness of the bedroom，the

32、preferred style of clothing，the childs failure to eat a good breakfast before school ，or his tendency_to_sleep_(喜歡睡覺)until noon on the weekends.(2010湖北卷閱讀理解B) ③His mother was ill and he_had_to_tend_to_her(他得照顧她)． ④The sort of music he listens to varies，but ______ popular music. (2011長沙市一中月考) A．t

33、ended to B．tends towards C．tended at D．tends at 答案　B would rather 寧愿，寧可 【課本原句】 Pips sister often abuses him，but Joe is a kind and simple man，who would rather die than see any harm come to Pip.(P3)皮普的姐姐經常虐待他，但喬卻是一個淳樸善良的人，他寧愿死也不愿意看到皮普受到任何傷害。 would rather (not) do sth 　　 　寧愿(不)做某事 would ra

34、ther do...than do... 寧愿……而不愿…… would rather sbdid sth 寧愿某人做某事 would rather sbhad done sth 寧愿(過去)某人已做了某事 【聯想拓展】 prefer to do....rather than do... 　　　喜歡做……勝過做…… rather than 而不是 other than 除了 or rather 更確切地說——滿分作文之佳句 a．If I had to give up one of them, I would turn off the TV rathe

35、r than switch off my cellphone or cut off the Internet. b．If I had to give up one of them, I would prefer turning off the TV to switching off my cellphone or cutting off the Internet. c．If I had to give up one of them, Id rather turn off the TV than switch off my cellphone or cut off the Internet.

36、 d．We usually greet others with a nod and a smile to them rather than hugging them or kissing them on the cheek. ——看看高考怎么考 ①He said he would rather not ______ it right away. (2012湖南祁東育賢中學月考) A．doing B．to do C．do D．to be doing 答案　C ②I ______ depend on Mary until I am quite sure that she

37、 is trustworthy. (2012湖南石齊學校月考) A．would rather not B．would rather C．wouldnt rather D．would rather to 答案　A ③－I am taking my son to Laos for sightseeing. －I would rather you ______ that，for the bird flu has claimed several lives there. (2012湖南洞口一中高三摸底考試) A．hadnt done B．didnt do C．wil

38、l not D．are not doing 答案B be bent on... 專心致志于…… 【課本原句】 Pip is bent on becoming a gentleman and winning Estellas love.(P3) 皮普一心要成為一名紳士，贏得愛斯拉特的芳心。 be bent on sth/doing sth 一心想要某物/做某事；決心要 bend ones mind /thoughts/efforts to... 集中精力于……，專心致志于…… 【聯想拓展】 make up ones mind 　　　　下定決心 determine to

39、 do sth 決定做某事(表示動作) be determined to do sth 決心做某事(表示狀態(tài)) determine sbto do sth 使某人下決心做某事 decide to do sth 下決心做某事 decide on/upon 選定，決定 ——看看高考怎么考 根據語境填詞 ①Jim seems bent (bend) on becoming a musician. ②Mary is bent on becoming an actress. Pip dislikes it when Joe comes to visit him

40、 in London.Joe來倫敦看他，Pip很不樂意。 本句的 it 屬于it的模糊用法，主要用在某些句型和詞組里。 I hate it when people talk with their mouths full of food. 我很討厭人們滿嘴食物講話。 I like it when you say something like that. 你說那話我很高興。 I like it if you give me a hand. 如果你能幫我一把，我會很高興的。 ——看看高考怎么考 ①I would appreciate______if you come to

41、 my grandmas birthday party and say“Hello”to her. A．that B．it C．you D．me 答案　B 翻譯句子 ②不過他們不喜歡你占用他們太多的時間。 But_they_do_not_like_it_if_you_take_up_too_much_of_their_time. ③如果他遲到了，老師會不樂意的。 The_teacher_wont_like_it_if_he_is_late. Ⅰ.用黑體詞的同義、反義或派生詞完成句子 1(1)Im not so simple as t

42、o think it will be easy. (2)Its such a complex question that I cant answer it in a sentence. 2．(1)She was always very generous in her charity. (2)He is very mean and he never lends anything to us. 3．(1)Cherish life，stay away from drugs! (2)The government has set up a working party to look into

43、the problem of drug abuse． 4．(1)Hes got a lot more work to do on the book. (2)Is he responsible enough to get a good job and keep it? 5．(1)The police found some stolen property in the thiefs house. (2)Health is a great wealth in man. 6．(1)The wooden bath barrels are popular and fashional becaus

44、e of its classicism. (2)The temple has been considered an example of classic design.　 7．(1)What I love is her literary style. (2)His special interest lies in the area of literature． 8．(1)I bought my son an adaptation for children of a play by Shakespeare. (2)This machine has been specially adap

45、ted for underwater use. 9．(1)My father was a simple farmworker. (2)It can get complicated，but well simplify it. 10．(1)If we interfere，it may do more harm than good. (2)It is generally accepted that smoking is harmful to our health. Ⅱ.短語填空 give away; be lost to; tend to; be suitable for; have a

46、 place in; on stage；live up to 1．His recent work lives_up_to his reputation. 2．This method of measurement is_suitable_for most island waters and coastal areas. 3．John is a man who is worthy to have_a_place_in the team. 4．He would rather give_away a point than claim an advantage. 5．People tend_t

47、o have very strong feelings about which style they prefer. Ⅲ.完成譯文 1．止痛藥有副作用，一次應該只吃一片。 Painkillers have side effects，so you should only take one pill at_a_time． 2．Pip決心做一個有教養(yǎng)的人。 Pip is bent on becoming an educated person. 3．一看到他的舊足球，Kevin嘆了一口氣，充滿了愧疚。 Kevin was filled with sorrow at the sight o

48、f his old ball，and let out a sad sigh. 4．Mile在足球方面沒什么天賦。 Mike has little talent for soccer. 5．在舊襪子上裹了一塊塑料紙做了一只足球。 Mike made a ball out of old socks covered with a piece of plastic. Ⅳ.單項填空 1．Seans strong love for his country is ________ in his recently published poems. A．relieved B．reflecte

49、d C．responded D．recovered 答案　B　[reflect反映；反射。句意：Sean對祖國強烈的愛反映在他最近出版的詩里。] 2．The wounded eagle flew away and at last ________ on top of a huge rock. A．fallen B．dropped C．settled D．sat 答案　C　[句意：那只受傷的鷹飛走了最后落在一塊大巖石的頂部。] 3．I saw the children sitting in the ________ of the tree，

50、which helped them stay free from the strong sunshine. A．shadow B．shape C．shade D．shelter 答案　C　[shadow影子，陰影；shape形狀；shade蔭涼處；shelter藏身處；住所。句意：我看見孩子們坐在樹蔭下，這有助于他們躲避強光的照射。] 4．He was turned away for the film that was only ________ for the adults above 18. A．intended B．permitted

51、 C．admitted D．belonged 答案　A　[be intended for...專為……打算/設計。] 5．—Alices secondhand computer ________ wrong although she used it only once. —Youd better go to check it. A．went B．is going C．has gone D．had gone 答案　A　[由句意知表示過去的結果，故用過去時。] 6．Dont try to do everything at once; ta

52、ke it a bit ________． A．at a time B．at one time C．at the time D．at the same time 答案　A　[at a time每次，一次；at one time一度，曾經；at the time這時，那時；at the same time同時。句意：不要嘗試同時做所有的事情，每次做一點。] 7．Its ________ of him to be so late.So I dont think its necessary for you to feel strange or to be angry with him

53、. A．common B．incorrect C．abnormal D．typical 答案　D　[be typical of sbto do sth某人一貫做某事。] 8．They are determined to ________ the pressure to change the law. A．insist B．resist C．accept D．tend 答案　B　[resist抵制；反抗。句意：他們決心頂住壓力改革法律。] 9．Its reported that some m

54、ainland visitors to Hong Kong Disneyland didnt ________ the rules and behaved improperly. A．get across B．keep to C．take up D．make up 答案　B　[keep to the rules遵守規(guī)定。] 10．She ________ her position by giving jobs to her friends. A．employed B．took C．abused D．overlooked 答案　C　 [abuse ones

55、position濫用職權。] 11．Tom has put on weight，so his mother has to ________ all his trousers to his measure. A．let off B．let out C．make out D．set out 答案 　B　[let out意為“把(衣服等)放大，加長，加寬”。] 12．—Are you sure that youve met him before? —________ Im mistaken. A．If B．Since C

56、．Unless D．When 答案　C　[結合語境知只有C符合句意。] 13．—I havent found any money though Ive searched the drawer bottom up. —Then，Im afraid there is ________ left. A．nothing B．no one C．none D．neither 答案　C　[none指none of the money，即：一點錢都沒剩下。] 14．Its not ________

57、 good idea to drive for four hours without ________ break. A．a; a B．the; a C．the; the D．a; the 答案　A　[考查冠詞。句意：開車四個小時不休息不是一個好主意。第一空“一個好主意”是泛指；without a break是習慣用法，break也是泛指。] 15．—Shall I give you a ride as it is so late? —________．Thank you. A．Its up to you B．It couldnt be better C．It all depends D．If you prefer 答案　B　[It couldnt be better. 太好了。] 15 用心 愛心 專心