中考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) S（一）開(kāi)頭詞匯（二）講義.doc

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中考一輪復(fù)習(xí) S（一）開(kāi)頭詞匯 （二）（講義） ??以字母 S 開(kāi)頭的單詞 side /sa?d/ n. 邊，旁邊，面，側(cè)面；一方(的意見(jiàn)；態(tài)度；立場(chǎng)) side by side 并排地；并肩地 There were two children ahead, walking side by side. from side to side 從左到右；從一邊到另一邊 He shook his head slowly from side to side. 他慢慢地?fù)u了搖頭。 south /sa?θ/ n. 南，南方；南部 the south (某國(guó)的)南部，南方 in the south 在南方 adj. 南(方)的；向南的；從南來(lái)的 on the south coast 在南海岸 South Africa 南非 adv. 向南 The swallows fly south in the winter. 冬季燕子向南飛。southern /s?(?)n/ adj. 南方的；南部的 southwest /,sa?θwest/ n. 西南，西南方；西南部 adj. 來(lái)自西南方的；位于西南部的 southwestern /,sa?θwest?n/ adj. 位于(來(lái)自)西南部的 second /sek(?)nd/ num. 第二的 the second room adv. 以第二名；第二，其次 同義詞：secondly adv. 第二；其次 n. 秒 second hand 秒針 minute hand 分針 hour hand 時(shí)針 second-hand /s?k?ndhnd/ adj. 二手的；間接得來(lái)的 second-hand cars 二手車(chē) second-hand opinions 拾人牙慧的觀點(diǎn) adv. 二手地 I bought the camera second-hand. Saturday /st?de?/ n. 星期六 Sunday /s?nde?/ n. 星期日 September /septemb?/ n. 九月 season /si?z(?)n/ n. 季節(jié)；季 the dry / rainy season 旱季/雨季 be in season 當(dāng)令的；在旺季的 be out of season 不合時(shí)令的；在淡季的 spring /spr??/ n. 春天，春季；泉水，泉 summer /s?m?/ n. 夏季；夏天 shower /?a??/ n. 淋?。魂囉? take / have a shower 洗淋浴 We were caught in a heavy shower. storm /st??m/ n. 風(fēng)暴；暴風(fēng)雨；暴風(fēng)雪 snow /sn??/ n. 雪 heavy snow 大雪 as white as snow 雪白的 v. 下雪 It’s been snowing heavily all day. 大雪下了一整天。 snowy /sn???/ adj. 被雪覆蓋的；下雪多的；雪白的 snowy hair 白發(fā) snowman /sn??mn/ n. 雪人 pl. snowmen sun /s?n/ n. 陽(yáng)光；太陽(yáng) in the sun 在陽(yáng)光下 We sat in the sun. 我們坐在陽(yáng)光下。 under the sun (事物數(shù)量很大) 天下；全世界 We talked about everything under the sun. 天南地北，我們無(wú)所不談。 sunny /s?n?/ adj. 睛朗的；陽(yáng)光充足的；快樂(lè)的 (sunnier; sunniest) a sunny day 陽(yáng)光明媚的日子 a sunny smile 快樂(lè)的微笑 sunshine /s?n?a?n/ n. 陽(yáng) 光 [U] sunglasses /s?nglɑ?s?z/ n. 太陽(yáng)鏡 sky /ska?/ n. 天；天空 [C, U] sky 一般被看作是不可數(shù)名詞，用作單數(shù)，如: Can you see those birds high up in the sky? There were little white clouds high in the blue sky. 但是，當(dāng)把 sky 部分化時(shí)(如說(shuō)倫敦的天空時(shí))，或者受形容詞修飾時(shí)，或者涉及到天氣時(shí)， 就可以使用 skies。例如: The night skies of London flare with rockets. 煙火在倫敦的夜空中輝閃。 a day of rain and cloudy skies 有雨多云的一天 It was a sunny Sunday, with cloudless blue skies and a pleasantly refreshing breeze. star /stɑ?/ n. 星；恒星 sight /sa?t/ n. 視力[U]；景象，情景[C]；風(fēng)景(sights) She has very good sight. The bus became a familiar sight to local residents. We’re going to Paris for the weekend to see the sights. at first sight 乍一看；初看時(shí) not let sb. out of one’s sight 讓某人留在自己眼皮底下 Since the accident, Donna hasn’t let the children out of her sight. out of sight, out of mind 眼不見(jiàn)，心不煩 sightseeing /sa?tsi???/ n. 觀光；游覽 [U] go sightseeing 去觀光 sign /sa?n/ n. 跡象，征兆；標(biāo)志；記號(hào) Headaches may be a sign of stress. 頭痛可能是緊張的跡象。 The sign on the wall said ‘Now wash your hands’. 墻上的牌子寫(xiě)著“請(qǐng)洗手”。 a plus/minus sign (+/－) 加/減號(hào) symbol /s?mb(?)l/ n. 象征；符號(hào)，記號(hào) a symbol of… …的象征 This is a symbol of good luck. The long noodles are a symbol of long life. social /s???(?)l/ adj. 社會(huì)的；社交的 society /s?sa??t?/ n. 社會(huì) socialist society 社會(huì)主義社會(huì) strike /stra?k/ v. (struck; struck 或 struck; stricken) 撞；打，擊；罷工 Strike while the iron is hot. 趁熱打鐵 The tree was struck by lightning. 樹(shù)遭到雷擊。 n. 罷工；打；擊 the train drivers’ strike 火車(chē)司機(jī)罷工 a strike by teachers 教師舉行的罷課 survey /s?ve?/ n. 調(diào)查 school /sku?l/ n. 學(xué)校 schoolwork /sku?lw??k/ n. 學(xué)校作業(yè)；功課 schoolbag /sku?lbɡ/ n. 書(shū)包 scarf /skɑ?f/ n. (pl. scarfs / scarves) 圍巾；披巾；頭巾 subject /s?bd?ekt/ n. 題目，主題；學(xué)科；主語(yǔ) science /sa??ns/ n. 科學(xué)；理科 science fiction 科幻小說(shuō)(或影片等) science students 理科學(xué)生 文科 art scientific /sa??nt?f?k/ adj. 科學(xué)(上)的；細(xì)致嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)? scientist /sa??nt?st/ n. 科學(xué)家 score /sk??/ n. 得分；分?jǐn)?shù) the final score 最終得分 What’s the score? 得分/比分是多少？ v. (游戲或比賽中) 得分 score a point/goal 得分 sentence /sent(?)ns/ n. 句子；判決 to be under sentence of death 被判處死刑 v. 判決；宣判 sentence ... to death 判處……死刑 standard /stnd?d/ n. 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；水平 Mary did homework carefully to meet the standards of a strict teacher. adj. 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的；規(guī)范的 standard English 規(guī)范的英語(yǔ) speech /spi?t?/ n. 演講；發(fā)言 make / give a speech on sth. 發(fā)表關(guān)于……的演講/就……問(wèn)題發(fā)表演講 skill /sk?l/ n. 技能；技巧 reading / writing skills 閱讀/寫(xiě)作技巧 spirit /sp?r?t/ n. 精神，心靈；情緒(spirtis) The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams. in spirit 在內(nèi)心里，在精神上 I can’t come to your wedding but I’ll be there in spirit. in high/low spirits 情緒高/低 stress /stres/ n. 精神壓力；物理壓力；強(qiáng)調(diào)，重要性 [C, U] under pressure/stress 在壓力之下 Kids these days already have enough stress from school. My parents give me a lot of pressure about school. v. 強(qiáng)調(diào)；重讀 He stressed the importance of a good education. In French, the last syllable is usually stressed. stressed /str?st/ adj. 焦慮不安；心力交瘁 stressed out 極度焦慮的；非常緊張疲憊的 Are you stressed out each time you have a test? self-improvement /selfimpru:vm?nt/ n. 自我改進(jìn)；自我提高 Many resolutions have to do with self-improvement. sense /sens/ n. 感覺(jué)；意識(shí) a sense of humor 幽默感 v. 感覺(jué)到；意識(shí)到 The music was strangely beautiful, but under the beauty I sensed a strong sadness and pain. 這首音樂(lè)異常的美，但是在這美的背后，我感覺(jué)到了強(qiáng)烈的悲傷和痛苦。 shame /?e?m/ n. 羞愧[U]；遺憾的事[sing.] (a shame) It’s a shame you have to leave so soon. What a shame! =What a pity! 真遺憾！ shame on you/him… (責(zé)備時(shí)說(shuō))真丟臉，真不害臊bring shame on sb. 使……蒙羞 You’ve brought shame on this family. 你已經(jīng)使這個(gè)家庭蒙羞了。 v. 使羞愧 shame sb. into doing sth. 使某人羞愧不得不做某事She shamed her father into promising more help. 她使父親感到慚愧，只好答應(yīng)多給她些幫助。 surprise /s?pra?z/ n. 驚奇；意外 [U, C] in surprise 驚訝地 She looked up in surprise. 她驚訝地抬起頭。 to one’s surprise 使……驚訝的；出乎……的意料 To our surprise, he is our teacher’s husband. get a surprise 吃驚 The next morning, my sister and I got a terrible surprise. When we looked out of our tent, we saw a big snake sleeping near the fire. v. 使驚奇；使詫異 The children surprise the parents. surprised adj. 驚奇的；感到意外的 surprising adj. 令人驚奇的 silence /sa?l?ns/ n. 寂靜；沉默 in silence 沉默地 My parents did not talk after that, and we finished the rest of our dinner in silence. silent adj. 寂靜的；沉默的 keep/stay/remain silent 保持沉默 silently adv. 默默地；悄悄地；無(wú)聲地 代詞 she /?i?/ pron. 她 several /sev(?)r(?)l/ det. 幾個(gè)；數(shù)個(gè)；一些 several hours 幾個(gè)小時(shí) pron. 幾個(gè)；數(shù)個(gè)；一些 Several of the paintings were destroyed in the fire. adj. 各自的；分別的 They said goodbye and went their several ways. 他們道別后，便各自走了。 some /s?m/ det. 一些，若干；有些；好些，不少的；某一詞組辨析： some times 幾次：I have been to the Great Wall some times. sometimes 有時(shí)；不時(shí)：He sometimes writes to me. some time (好長(zhǎng))一段時(shí)間：We’re going to be working together for some time (=a long time). sometime 在某時(shí)：I saw him sometime last summer. / We must get together sometime. pron. 有些人；有些事物 不論作為限定詞還是代詞，some 都可表示“一些；若干”，此時(shí)： some 常用于肯定句和預(yù)料會(huì)得到肯定回答的疑問(wèn)句，而在否定句和疑問(wèn)句中通常用 any。 someday /s?mde?/ adv. 將來(lái)會(huì)有一天，有朝一日 (=some day) Maybe someday I’ll be rich! somebody /s?mb?d?/ n. 重要人物 pron. 某人；有人 (=someone) He thought himself somebody, but we thought him nobody. something /s?mθ??/ pron. 某事；某物 There is something wrong with the computer. Give me something to do. 給我點(diǎn)活兒干吧。something interesting somewhere /s?mhwε?/ adv. 在某處；到某處 Can we go somewhere warm? somewhere 和 anywhere 的區(qū)別與 some 和 any 的區(qū)別相同 副、介、連、數(shù)詞等 seldom /seld?m/ adv. 很少；不常；罕見(jiàn) She seldom reads newspapers. sudden /s?d(?)n/ adj. 突然的 all of a sudden 突然，出乎意料的 (=suddenly) The earthquake happened all of a sudden, but luckily the villagers were brought to a safe place. suddenly /s?d(?)nl?/ adv. 突然；猛地 such /s?t?/ pron. 這樣的人(事物)；上述的人(事物) A Welsh (威爾士人的) victory had been predicted and such indeed was the result. Such of you as wish to leave may do so now. 想離開(kāi)的人現(xiàn)在都可以走了。 det. 這樣的，那樣的；非常，如此程度 such+名詞 這樣的……；如此…… There’s no such thing as a free lunch. It’s such a beautiful day! 天氣多么好哇！ such as 例如 I like drinks such as tea and soda. such…that… 如此……以至于…… It was such a fine day that nobody wanted to stay at home. so /s??/ adv. 如此；非常；也，同樣；的確如此 如此……以至于：so + adj. / adv.+ that & such + n.+ that The boy was so honest that everyone liked him. He was such an honest boy that everyone liked him. “Is he coming?” “I hope so.” (我希望如此) “Did they mind?” “I don’t think so.” (我不認(rèn)為如此。) I might be away next week. If so, I won’t be able to see you. (if so: 如果是這樣的話) “so/nor/neither +情/助/系+主語(yǔ)”意為：某人也(不)是(如此) “Tom works hard.” “So does Lily.”(莉莉也是。) “Tom doesn’t work hard.” “Neither does Lily /Nor does Lily/(Lily neither).”(莉莉也不。) “I don’t know.” “Neither do I/Nor do I/(Me neither).”(我也不知道。) “so +主語(yǔ)+情/助/系”意為：是的，的確是這樣 “Tom works hard.” “So he does.” (的確如此。) and so on ……等等 We discussed everything—when to go, what to see and so on. so far 到目前為止；迄今為止 What do you think of the show so far? so as to do sth. 為了/以便做某事 We went early so as to get good seats. so much for sth. 關(guān)于……就講這么多；……到此為止 So much for the situation in France. Now we turn our attention to Russia. conj. 因此；所以 so (that)…為了；以便…… I work hard so that I can enter a good high school. so what? 那又怎么樣呢？ —He’s fifteen years younger than you! —So what? soon /su?n/ adv. 不久；很快；一會(huì)兒 as soon as 一……就…… (引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句) As soon as the moon rises, we can follow them instead. My mom came over as soon as I sat down in front of the TV. as soon as possible = as soon as sb can 盡快 We’ll deliver the goods as soon as we can. 我們將盡快交貨。 Please send it as soon as possible. 請(qǐng)盡快把它寄出去。 sooner or later 遲早，總有一天 Sooner or later you will have to make a decision. —How soon…? 多久之后…… —In a week. still /st?l/ adv. 仍然，還；不過(guò) Mum, I’m still hungry! Although he promised faithfully to come, I still didn’t think he would. adj. 靜止的；平靜的 Keep still while I brush your hair. 我給你梳頭時(shí)你不要?jiǎng)印? Can’t you sit still? 你就不能老老實(shí)實(shí)坐一會(huì)兒?jiǎn)幔? still water 平靜的水面 Still waters run deep. 靜水流深。(木訥寡言者也許胸藏丘壑。) since /s?ns/ prep. 從……以來(lái) since then 自那以來(lái) I haven’t eaten since breakfast. conj. 從……以來(lái)；因?yàn)?；既? Where have you been since I last saw you. Since you can’t answer, you can ask someone else for help. adv. 從那以后 He left home two weeks ago and we haven’t heard from him since. six /s?ks/ num. 六 第六 sixth at sixes and sevens 亂七八糟 sixteen /s?ksti?n/ num. 十六 第十六 sixteenth sixty /s?kst?/ num. 六十 第六十 sixtieth seven /sev(?)n/ num. 七 第七 seventh seventeen /sev(?)nti?n/ num. 十七 第十七 seventeenth seventy /sev(?)nt?/ num. 七十 第七十 seventieth ??與字母 S 相關(guān)的諺語(yǔ) A still tongue makes a wise head. A good reputation sits still; a bad one runs about. A good tree is a good shelter. All rivers run into the sea. All things in their being are good for something. It is the first step that costs the most. ??精講精練 一、單項(xiàng)選擇 ( )1. —Listen! There someone at the door. —It must be your sister. A. is; knocking B. is; knock C. are; knocking D. are; knock ( )2. At times an ad can lead you to buy something you don’t need at all. So you have to be careful. 選出與劃線部分意義最相近的解釋 A. Sometime B. Sometimes C. Some time D. Some times ( )3. —Anna has learned a lot by reading English fictions. — , and . A. So has she; so have you B. So has she; so you have C. So she has; so you have D. So she has; so have you ( )4. exciting news! We have never had long vacation before. A. What; such a B. What an; such a C. How; such a D. What; so a ( )5. —We’ll travel to different places this winter vacation. Enjoy your trip! — . A. The same to you B. Yes, I’d love to C. Me, too D. Very well, thank you 二、根據(jù)提示完成句子 1. She (突然) found herself being talked about in all the newspapers. 2. 我驚奇地發(fā)現(xiàn)他今天穿著一件最時(shí)髦的夾克。 I was that he wore a jacket in the latest today. 3. 從五月起，北京允許盲人乘客與導(dǎo)盲犬一起乘坐地鐵。 Starting from May, Beijing allows blind passengers with their guide dogs. 4. 令我驚訝的是，他已收到那所大學(xué)校長(zhǎng)的來(lái)信了。 , he has already _from the principal of the university. 5. Mr. Smith and his wife seldom drive their car to work, ? (完成反意疑句) 【參考答案】 ??與字母 S 相關(guān)的諺語(yǔ) 1. 沉默者有智慧。 2. 好名不出門(mén)，惡名傳四方。 3. 枝葉茂盛的大樹(shù)是躲避風(fēng)雨的好去處。 / 大樹(shù)底下好乘涼。 4. 條條江河歸大海。 5. 天生我才必有用。 6. 萬(wàn)事開(kāi)頭難。 ??精講精練一、單項(xiàng)選擇1—5：ABDAA 二、根據(jù)提示完成句子 1. suddenly 2. surprised, style/fashion 3. to take the subway/underground/metro 4. to my surprise, heard 5. do they