Chinese classical garden中國園林英語論文

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1、 Chinese classical garden Garden culture takes very important part in Chinese culture in both ancient people and modern people Key word： History Elements The classical gardens of Suzhou Chinese garden, and its associated garden culture are expressions of Chinese v

2、ernacular landscape architecture aesthetics. Several cultural factors to form Classical Chinese Gardens and make it distinctive include Neolithic shamanism(薩滿教), Geomancy（撒土占卜）, Confucianism and Taoism. Chinese garden has long history。Since Shang Dynasty，The royal park was designed as a raised p

3、latform surrounded by lush vegetation in the palace where feasts were held.Successive dynasties expanded this idea into imperial hunting parks with scenic compositions of rocks and plants.Warring States，Tiger Hill (Chinese: 虎丘) was built The ultimate realization of the power aesthetic was realized b

4、y Qin Shihuang who turned the entire Wei Valley into a regional park dotted with 300 palaces connected by raised walkways in a microcosmic model of the universe. When the history turns to Western Han Dynasty Upper-Forest Garden (上林園). This park combined the features of relax. Kunming Lake with a re

5、creation of the three fairy islands in the center, a motif that would become a common feature of later designs. Natural elements Eastern Han Dynasty An aesthetic of elegant simplicity was promoted to match an ethic of moderation. The idea of small is beautiful became the new measure of a gardens

6、success. Small and simple Development … Tang Dynasty : multiplied number Song Dynasty : high art It was at this time Suzhou became the center of all intellectual life and garden design in China. Ming Dynasty : peak Qing Dynasty : degeneration ostentation and ornament (炫耀，裝飾) Ele

7、ments The design of Chinese gardens was to provide a way to come back to ones inner heart, to come back to ancient idealism. Chinese gardens are a place they could be far away from their real social lives, and close to the ancient way of life, their true selves, and nature. This was an escape

8、from the frustration and disappointment of the political problems in China. The garden scenes are all constructed to be best viewed from a pavilion or a path. It is the location of the building; however, that determines the circulation of paths. The path itself can become architectonic by the ad

9、dition of roof and screen walls. These screen walls often have moon-shaped doorways and small windows in the shapes of vases and apples. The sculptural Taihu rock is especially prized because it represents wisdom and immortality, and is only procurable from Tai Lake. Such rocks, combined with strea

10、ms and pools, form the basis of a gardens plan. The softness of water offsets the solidity of the rocks, while also acting to reflect the constantly changing sky above. Goldfish, carp(鯉魚), and mandarin ducks are three of the most commonly raised fauna. The goal of the design is to make the sce

11、nery beautiful, the surrounding is quiet and cool, Also, small fountains were a favorite. Bamboo represents a strong but resilient character. Often pine is used to represent longevity, persistence, tenacity and dignity. Flowering peaches are grown for spring color, and sweet olive as well. Peonies

12、 symbolize wealth and banana trees are used simply for the sound they make in the breeze. UNESCO World Heritage Site Humble Administrator‘s Garden拙政園 Lingering Garden留園 Master of the Nets Garden網(wǎng)師園 Mountain Villa with Embracing Beauty環(huán)秀山莊 Great Wave Pavilion滄浪亭 Lion Grove Garden獅子林 Garden of Cultivation藝圃 Couple‘s Retreat Garden偶園 Retreat & Reflection Garden退思園 Refence : 中國古典園林分析 彭一剛著/1986-12-01/中國建筑工業(yè)出版社 園庭信步——中國古典園林文化解讀 曹林娣　著/2003-05-01/中國建筑工業(yè)出版社