八年級(jí)下知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納[共33頁(yè)]

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1、 八年級(jí)（下）新目標(biāo)英語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)及句型總匯 Unit 1 Will people have robots? 1. fewer people 更少的人（fewer修飾名詞復(fù)數(shù)，表示否定） 2. less free time 更少的空閑時(shí)間（less修飾不可數(shù)名詞，表示否定） 3. in ten years 10年后（in的時(shí)間短語(yǔ)用于將來(lái)時(shí)，提問(wèn)用How soon） 4. fall in love with… 愛(ài)上… 例：When I met Mr. Xu for the first

2、time, I fell in love with him at once 當(dāng)我第一次見(jiàn)到許老師，我立刻愛(ài)上他 5. live alone 單獨(dú)居住 6. feel lonely 感到孤獨(dú)（比較：live alone/go along等） The girl walked alone along the street, but she didn’t feel lonely那女孩獨(dú)自沿著街道走，但她并不感到孤獨(dú) 7. keep/feed a pet pig 養(yǎng)一頭寵物豬 8. fly to the moon

3、 飛上月球 9. hundreds of +復(fù)數(shù) 數(shù)百/幾百（概數(shù)，類(lèi)似還有thousands of; millions of） 10. the same as 和……相同 11. A be different from B A與B不同(=There is a difference/Thgere are differences between A and B) 12. wake up 醒來(lái)（wake sb. up表示 “喚醒某人” 13. get bored 變得厭倦（get/become是連

4、系動(dòng)詞，后跟形容詞如tired/angry/excited等） 14. go skating 去滑冰（類(lèi)似還有g(shù)o hiking/fishing /skating/bike riding等） 15. lots of/a lot of 許多（修飾可數(shù)名詞、不可數(shù)名詞都可以） 16. at the weekends 在周末 17. study at home on computers 在家通過(guò)電腦學(xué)習(xí) 18. agree with sb. 同意某人(的意見(jiàn)) 19. I don’t agree. = I disa

5、gree. 我不同意 20. on a piece of paper 在一張紙上（注意paper/information/news/work/homework/housework等?？嫉降牟豢蓴?shù)名詞） 21. on vacation 度假 22. help sb with sth/help sb do sth 幫助某人做某事 23. many different kinds of goldfish 許多不同種金魚(yú) 24. live in an apartment 住在公寓里/live on the twelfth floor 住在12樓 25. live

6、at NO.332,Shanghai Street 住在上海路332號(hào) 26. as a reporter 作為一名記者 27. look smart 顯得精神/看起來(lái)聰明 28. Are you kidding? 你在騙我嗎 29. in the future 在將來(lái)/在未來(lái) 30. no more=not …anymore 不再（強(qiáng)調(diào)多次發(fā)生的動(dòng)作不再發(fā)生） 31. no longer=not… any longer 不再（強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)不再發(fā)生） 32. besides（除…之外還，包括）與except =but（除…之外，

7、不包括） 33. be able to與can 能、會(huì) l （be able to用于各種時(shí)態(tài)，而can只能用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)中；have to用于各種時(shí)態(tài)，而must只能用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)）例如： 1.I have been able to/will be able to speak two languages. （不可以用can） 2. had to stay at home/ will have to （不可以用must） 34.be big and crowded 大而且擁擠 34. be in coll

8、ege 在上大學(xué) 35. live on a space station 住在空間站 36. dress casually 穿得很隨意casual clothing 休閑服飾 37. win the next World Cup 贏得世界杯 win award 獲僵 38. come true 變成現(xiàn)實(shí) 39. take hundreds of years 花幾百年的時(shí)間 40. be fun to watch 看起來(lái)有趣 41. over and ove

9、r again 一次又一次 42. be in different shapes 形狀不同 43. twenty years from now 今后20年 44. 本單元目標(biāo)句型： 1. What do you think life will be like in 1000 years? 2. There will be fewer trees、more buildings and less pollution in the future. l fewer； less表示否定之意，分別修飾可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞；more二者都可以修飾。 3.

10、 Will kids go to school? No, they won’t/Yes, they will。 4. Predicting the future can be difficult. 5. I need to look smart for my job interview. 6. I will be able to dress more casually. 7. I think I’ll go to Hong Kong on vacation, and one day I might even visit Australia. 8. What will teenager

11、s do for fun twenty years from now? 9. That may not seem possible now, but computers, space rockets and even electric toothbrushes seemed impossible a hundred years ago. 本單元語(yǔ)法講解 一般將來(lái)時(shí) 表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。本時(shí)態(tài)標(biāo)志詞： 1.含tomorrow; next短語(yǔ)； 2.in+段時(shí)間 ； 3.how soon； 4.by+將來(lái)時(shí)間； 5.by the time sb.do… 6.祈使句句型中

12、：or/and sb. will do 7.在時(shí)間/條件狀語(yǔ)從句中, 如果從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí), 主句用將來(lái)時(shí) 8.another day 比較be going to 與will: be going to 表示近期、眼下就要發(fā)生的事情，will 表示的將來(lái)時(shí)間則較遠(yuǎn)一些。 如： He is going to write a letter tonight. He will write a book one day. 2. be going to 表示根據(jù)主觀判斷將來(lái)肯定發(fā)生的事情，will表示客觀上將來(lái)勢(shì)必發(fā)生的事情。 　　　　　 He is seriously ill. He

13、is going to die. He will be twenty years old. 3. be going to 含有“計(jì)劃，準(zhǔn)備”的意思，而 will 則沒(méi)有這個(gè)意思，如： 　　　　　 She is going to lend us her book. He will be here in half an hour. 4.在有條件從句的主句中，一般不用 be going to, 而多用will, 如： 　　　　　 If any beasts comes at you, I'll stay with you and help you. 　　掌握了它們的這些不同，你就

14、能很好的區(qū)分be going to與will了。 一般將來(lái)時(shí)常見(jiàn)的標(biāo)志詞 1.含tomorrow; next短語(yǔ)； 2.in+段時(shí)間 ； 3.how soon； 4. by+將來(lái)時(shí)間； 5.祈使句句型中：or/and sb. will do 例Be quick, or you will be late=If you don’t be quick, you will be late 6.在時(shí)間/條件狀語(yǔ)從句中, 如果從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí), 主句用將來(lái)時(shí)（另見(jiàn)Unit 5）

15、Unit 2 What should I do? 1. too loud 太大聲 2. out of style 過(guò)時(shí)的 3. in style 流行的 4. call sb up=ring sb.up=call/ring/phone sb. 給…..打電話 5. enough money 足夠的錢(qián)(enough修飾名詞時(shí)不必后置) 6. busy enough 夠忙 (enough修飾形容詞或副詞時(shí)必須后置) 7. a ticket to

16、/for a ball game 一張球賽的門(mén)票 注意：the key to the lock/the key(answer)r to the question)/the solution to the problem .此處幾個(gè)短語(yǔ)不能用of表示所有格 8. talk about 談?wù)? 9. on the phone 用電話 10. pay for 付款 11. spend…on +sth.=spend...( in) doing sth. 在…花錢(qián) 12. It takes sb. sometim

17、e to do sth. 某人做某事花…的時(shí)間 13. borrow …from 從….借( 借進(jìn)來(lái)) 14. lend…to 把…借給（借出去） 15. You can keep the book for a week 你可以借這本書(shū)一周。（不用borrow或lend） 16. buy sth for sb 為……買(mǎi)東西 17. tell sb to do /not to do sth.sth 告訴某人做某事 18. want sb. to do sth.=would like sb. to do 想某

18、人做某事 19. find out 發(fā)現(xiàn)；查清楚；弄明白 20. play one’s stereo　 放錄象 21. fail the test=not pass the test 考試不及格 22. fail in (doing) sth… 在...上失敗,變?nèi)? 23. succeed in (doing) sth 在...方面成功 24. write sb a letter/write to sb.　 給某人寫(xiě)信 25. surprise sb.　 使某人吃驚（類(lèi)似有：surprise/

19、interest/please/amaze+某人） 26. to one’s surprise 　　　　　 使某人吃驚的是….. 27. to one’s joy 使某人高興的是….. 28. look for a part-time job 找一份兼職的工作（不一定有結(jié)果） 29. get/find a part-time job 找到一份兼職的工作（有結(jié)果） 30. ask sb. for…　 尋求/向某人要某物　　　 31. have a bake sale 賣(mài)燒烤 32. argue with sb = hav

20、e an argument with sb. 與某人爭(zhēng)吵　　　　　 33. have a fight with sb.=fight with 與某人打架　　 34. drop off　 離去；散去；逐漸減少;死去　 35. prepare for…=get ready for… 為…做準(zhǔn)備　　　　　 36. after-school clubs(activities) 課外俱樂(lè)部（活動(dòng)） l be/get used to doing 習(xí)慣做某事 l used to do 過(guò)去經(jīng)常/常常做某事 l be used for

21、 doing=be used to do sth. 被用于做某事　　 37. fill… up 填補(bǔ)；裝滿…　be full of裝滿 38. return sth. to sb.=give sth. back to sb. 把某物歸還給某人　 39. get on /along well with 與…相處很好 40. all kinds of 各種各樣 41. as much as possible=as much as you can 盡可能多 42. take part in=join in 參加（某

22、種活動(dòng)/集會(huì)） 43. a bit =a little 一點(diǎn)兒（當(dāng)修飾形容詞或比較級(jí)時(shí)） 44. a bit of =a little 一點(diǎn)兒/一些（當(dāng)修飾不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)） 45. be angry with… 生…的氣 46. by oneself=on one’s own 某人自己/獨(dú)自地 47. on the one hand 一方面 48. on the other hand 另一方面 49. I find/feel/think it diffic

23、ult to do... 我發(fā)現(xiàn)/感到/認(rèn)為做某事很難. 50. see/hear/watch sb. doing sth. 看到/聽(tīng)見(jiàn)/注視某人正在做… 51. not…until 直到…才（謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般是非延續(xù)動(dòng)詞） 52. 表示某人情緒有關(guān)的形容詞用法: be/become+ upset/tired/excited/interested/worried/surprised/amazed/annoyed 說(shuō)明：當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是某人時(shí)，注意后面的形容詞一般是-ed結(jié)尾的單詞，而當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是某物時(shí)或修飾名詞時(shí)，注意后面形容詞一般是-ing結(jié)尾單詞.） 例

24、如:I was surprised/interested/amazed when I heard the surprising/interesting/amazing news. 53 radio advice program 電臺(tái)提建議的節(jié)目 54 be original 新穎的 55. leave something somewhere 把某物忘在某處 56 sports clothes 運(yùn)動(dòng)服 57. the same a

25、ge as=as old as 和--- 年齡一樣 58. the tired children 疲憊不堪的孩子 59. complain about (doing sth) 抱怨、、、 60.take their children from activity to activity 帶著孩子參加一個(gè)接一個(gè)的活動(dòng) 61.try to do sth, 盡量干某事 try doing sth 試著干某事 62.be under too much pressure

26、 壓力太大 63.a mother of three 三個(gè)孩子的媽媽 64.take part in after-school clubs 參加課后俱樂(lè)部 pepition starts from a very young age 競(jìng)爭(zhēng)從很小年紀(jì)就開(kāi)始了 pare…with 和---比較 67.organized activities 有組織的活動(dòng) 本單元目標(biāo)句型：

27、 1. What’s wrong(with you)?/What’s the matter? 2. What should I do? 我該怎么辦 3. You could write him a letter. 你可以給他寫(xiě)封信 .You should say sorry to him.你應(yīng)該給他道歉. 4. They shouldn’t argue. 他們不應(yīng)該爭(zhēng)吵.J 5. Why don’t you talk to him about it? =Why not talk to him about it?=You should/could talk to him abou

28、t it. =What/How about talking to him about it.=You’d better talk to him about it. 6. The parents try to fit as much as possible into their kids lives. 7. Activities include sports, language learning, music and math classes. Thirty people, including six children (six children included), went to v

29、isit the factory. 8. People shouldn’t push their children so hard. 9. Parents are trying to plan their kids’ lives for them. When these kids are adults, they might find t difficult to plan things for themselves. Unit 3 What were you doing when the UFO arrived? 1. in front of 在……的前面（外部） in t

30、he front of 在……的前面（內(nèi)部） 2. in the library 在圖書(shū)館 3. get out of/get into 出……之外/進(jìn)入 4. sleep late 睡懶覺(jué) sleep well 睡得好 get to sleep=fall asleep 睡著 5. walk down/along 沿……走 6. take off (飛機(jī))起飛；脫下（衣帽） 7. on Sunday evening 在星期日晚上 注意:（特指某日如星期、假日、某月某日或某個(gè)特定的上、下午、晚上用on） 8. in the t

31、ree在樹(shù)上 on the tree在樹(shù)上 9. take photos 照相 10. at the train station 在火車(chē)站 11. run away 跑開(kāi)，逃跑 12. as+adj原形 as 和…一樣… 例如： She is (not) as beautiful as her sister. I can run as fast as he(him) 13. buy/draw/make sth. for sb. 為某人買(mǎi)/畫(huà)/制作 14. walk home 走回家 15. in

32、 history 在歷史上 16. for example 例如 17. in the city of 在……市 18. on the playground 在操場(chǎng)上 19. ten minutes ago 十分鐘前 20. take place 發(fā)生（強(qiáng)調(diào)必然性） 21. happen to sth./sb. 發(fā)生（強(qiáng)調(diào)偶然性） 例如：What has happened to you?=What’s the matter with you?=What’s wrong with you? 22. of

33、 course=sure=certainly 當(dāng)然 23. all over the world=around the world 遍及全世界 24. outside/inside the station 在車(chē)站外/內(nèi) 25. next to 相鄰，緊貼 26. close to 接近于；在附近 27. be ill in hospital/bed 生病住院/在床 28. hear about/of  聽(tīng)說(shuō)（間接聽(tīng)到） 29. in silence 沉默不語(yǔ) keep silent

34、保持沉默 30. an unusual experience 一次不尋常的經(jīng)歷 31. have fun doing sth 干某事有樂(lè)趣 have difficult time doing sth干某事有困難 32. have meaning to 對(duì)—有意義 33. become the first Chinese astronaut in space 成為中國(guó)第一個(gè)太空宇航員 34. a national hero 一個(gè)民族英雄 35. be famous all over the world 全世界出名 36. fo

35、r the first time 第一次 本單元目標(biāo)句型: What were you doing when I arrived/at that time/at 8:00 last night/from 9:00 to 10:00 yesterday? 1. I was doing sth. When+一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句...　 2. How about... / What about...? 3. While sth./sb. was doing sth., I was doing sth.... 4. 當(dāng)不明飛行物著陸時(shí)，你正在干啥？What were you

36、doing when the UFO landed? 5. 當(dāng)媽媽正在做飯時(shí)，我在看電視。While my mother was cooking ,I was watching TV. 6. I was walking down the street when a UFO landed right in front of me. 7. You can image how strange it was. 8. I followed to see where it was going. 9. Isn’t that amazing! 10. She didn’t thinki

37、ng about looking outside the station. 11.I was so tired this morning. It was difficult to get out of the bed. 12.Liu Xiang won the gold medal at the 2004 Olympics. 13.Beijng was made host to the 2008 Olympics. 14.People often remember what they were doing when they heard the news of important ev

38、ents in history. 15. This was one of the most important events in modern American history. 16.Even the most everyday activities can seem important. 17.Our teacher asked us to stop what we were doing and listen. 18.However, in more recent times, most Americans remember what they were doing when t

39、he World Trade Center in New York was destroyed by terrorists. 19.Not all events in history are as terrible as this, of course. 20. His flight around the Earth lasted about 22 hours. 本單元語(yǔ)法講解 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)（Past Progressive Tense） 句型 S + was/were +V-ing… 例A：She was doing her homework at 8:30 yesterday

40、evening. （昨天傍晚八點(diǎn)半她正在做家庭作業(yè)。） 例B：We were having supper at that time. （那個(gè)時(shí)候我們正在吃晚飯。） 解說(shuō) 如例1所示，在單句中使用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)來(lái)表達(dá)時(shí)必須把該動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行中的時(shí)間表明清楚，否則就不合邏輯了。例如：I was taking a bath yesterday. （錯(cuò)） （昨天我正在洗澡——昨天24小時(shí)都正在洗澡嗎？） 所以本句應(yīng)該如例1來(lái)表達(dá)，或者用一般過(guò)去時(shí)表達(dá)如下： I took a bath yesterday.（昨天我洗了澡。） 如果由上下文的文意，或者對(duì)談中的話意可以了解“動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行中的時(shí)

41、間”，單句里就使用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)來(lái)表達(dá)是很普通的，例如： A：I called you up yesterday evening. B：Did you? At what time? A：At around ten o'clock. （大約在十點(diǎn)鐘。） B：Oh, I was taking a bath then.（哦，當(dāng)時(shí)我正在洗澡。） 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)在表達(dá)上常用的句式是如例2所示和另一個(gè)一般過(guò)去時(shí)的動(dòng)作相搭配。請(qǐng)觀察下面的圖解說(shuō)明： 過(guò)去有二動(dòng)作A和B（如圖示），在B動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)稍早發(fā)生的A動(dòng)作正好在進(jìn)行中，所以這種表達(dá)法通常都是復(fù)句（主句+副詞從句）。例如： When I

42、got up this morning, Mother was preparing breakfast in the kitchen. （今天早上我起床時(shí)媽媽正在廚房里準(zhǔn)備早餐?！癕other…?！笔侵骶?，“when…，”是副詞從句。） 常用于修飾過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的時(shí)間副詞：過(guò)去的某一定點(diǎn)時(shí)刻（at + 過(guò)去的時(shí)刻），then （= at that time）（那時(shí)，當(dāng)時(shí)），all + 時(shí)間，“When…/While…/As…”等副詞從句，etc. Unit 4 He said I was hard-working 1. every Saturday 每周六 2. first

43、of all 首先 3. both……and…… 兩者都（謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要注意對(duì)稱原則） 4. neither….nor 兩者都不（謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要注意就近和對(duì)稱原則） 5. most of… 絕大多數(shù) 6. an exciting week 令人興奮的一周 7. agree on something 同意某人的計(jì)劃；對(duì)….取得 一致意見(jiàn) 8. agree to do sth. 答應(yīng)/同意做… 9. pass on (to)　　　　　　　 傳遞 10. be supposed to do sth.　 　　 被期望或被要求做.

44、.. ... 11. be mad at …… 對(duì)……瘋狂/生氣 12. do better in=be better at 　　 在......方面做得更好 13. be in good health 　　 身體健康 14. report card 　　　　　 成績(jī)單 15. sound /feel /smell /taste /look 是連系動(dòng)詞，一般只能跟adj.做表語(yǔ) 16. sound like/feel like/smell like/taste like/look like 聽(tīng)起來(lái)像…/感覺(jué)像…/聞起來(lái)像…/嘗起來(lái)像…/看起來(lái)像…+

45、sb./sth. 17. get… over　 　　　　　　 克服；恢復(fù)；原諒 18. open up 　　　　　　　 打開(kāi)/展開(kāi)/開(kāi)發(fā)/揭露 19. care for　 　　　　　　 照料；照顧；意愿；計(jì)較 20. have a(surprise) party for sb.　 為某人舉行一次（驚喜0聚會(huì) 21. end-of-year exam=final exam 期末考試 22. not----anymore 不再 23. do a home project 做作業(yè) 24. be surpri

46、sed\happy\excited to do sth 做某事感到驚訝、高興、激動(dòng) 25. be \get nervous 感到緊張 26. have a very hard time with.. 在---日子不好過(guò) 27. an disappointing result 令人失望的結(jié)果 28. take\ leave a message 捎（留）個(gè)口信 29. have a big fight 30. it is a good idea for sb

47、. to do sth 31. to teach in China’s rural areas 32. feel lucky 33. people who need help 需要幫助的人 34. something we can do for them 我們能為他們做的事 35. there is no difference between…and.. 在。。和。。之間沒(méi)有區(qū)別 36. Groups and the work they do Groups The work they do Greenpeace Cares for ‘

48、Mother Earth” Doctors Without Borders Helps sick people in poor countries UNICEF Helps children in poor countries WWF Cares for wild animals in danger 37.the Hope Project 希望工程 38.fortunately 本單元目標(biāo)句型： 轉(zhuǎn)述他人話語(yǔ):What did sb. say? He said I …She said she…They said… 1. 許老師告訴我徐夢(mèng)蝶會(huì)說(shuō)二種語(yǔ)言。Mr. Xu

49、 told me that XuMengdie could speak three languages. 2. 許老師說(shuō)地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。Mr. Xu said (that)the earth turns around the sun. 3. 許老師告訴我他將去北京。She told me he would go to Beijing the next day. 4. 許老師說(shuō)歐洋正在做作業(yè)Mr. Xu said OuYang was doing his homework at that time. 5. 許老師說(shuō)王碩研勤奮。Mr. Xu said Wang Shuoyan was ha

50、rd-working. 6. 在英語(yǔ)上，與聽(tīng)相比，我更擅長(zhǎng)于讀。In English, I’m better at reading than listening. 7. 情況怎樣？ How’s it going? 8. 她不想再當(dāng)我最好的朋友了。She didn’t want to be my best friend anymore. 9. I said it would start a bad habit , and that she would do her own work. 10. That’s about all the news I have now. Mum

51、 and Dad send their love. 11. She said helping others changed her life. 12. Teaching high school students in a poor mountain village in Gansu Province may not like fun to you. 13. The Peking University graduate first went there as an volunteer on a one-year program. 14. Life in the mountains wa

52、s a new experience for Lang Lei. Her village was 2,000metere above the sea level, and at first the thin air made her feel sick. 15. Young people today need to experience different things 16. Some of the students may not be able to go to senior high school or collage. 17. I can open up my students

53、’ eyes to the outside world and give them a good start in life. 18. She said she likes being a good influence in the children’s lives. 19. She now works as a math teacher at a high school in the city of Pingliang, Gansu Province. 20. You are at B’s house working on a homework project. 21. You we

54、re supposed to meet at the bus stop this morning to return it, but A didn’t come to the bus stop. 22. A calls you with a message for C. Pass on the message, and then give C’s answer to A. 23. What are some things that happen on soap operas? 本單元語(yǔ)法講解 直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ) （一）直接引述別人的原話，叫做直接引語(yǔ)；用自己話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話，叫做間接引

55、語(yǔ)。間接引語(yǔ)一般構(gòu)成賓語(yǔ)從句。直接引語(yǔ)必須放在引號(hào)內(nèi)，間接引語(yǔ)則不用引號(hào)。直接引語(yǔ)改為間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，除將引語(yǔ)部分變成賓語(yǔ)從句外，還必須對(duì)直接引語(yǔ)中的人稱、時(shí)態(tài)、指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)等進(jìn)行改變。 1. 時(shí)態(tài)的變化：直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常受轉(zhuǎn)述動(dòng)詞said，asked等的影響而使用過(guò)去化的時(shí)態(tài)，即把原來(lái)的時(shí)態(tài)向過(guò)去推，也就是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)變 一般過(guò)去時(shí)，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)變?yōu)檫^(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)等。 例如： 　Tom said to me,“My brother is doing his homework.” 　→Tom said to me that his brother was doi

56、ng his homework. 2. 人稱代詞、指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)等等的變化；根據(jù)意義進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的變化。 如： 　She asked Jack,“Where have you been?” →She asked Jack where he had been. 　He said,“These books are mine.” →He said that those books were his. （二）直接引語(yǔ)改為間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，都使用陳述語(yǔ)序，但是因?yàn)樵涞木涫讲煌?，所以變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)所用的連詞會(huì)有所不同。 1.陳述句的間接引語(yǔ)：陳述句由直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)，由that

57、引導(dǎo)，可以省略。 　“I want the blue one.” he told us. “我想要蘭色的?！?他說(shuō)。 　 →He told us that he wanted the blue one. 他說(shuō)他想要蘭色的。 　She said to me, “You can’t do anything now.” 她對(duì)我說(shuō)：“此刻你無(wú)法做任何事情?！? →She told me that I couldn’t do anything then.　 她對(duì)我說(shuō)那時(shí)我無(wú)法做任何事。 2. 疑問(wèn)句的間接引語(yǔ) 　　直接引語(yǔ)如果是疑問(wèn)句，變成間接引語(yǔ)后，叫做間接疑問(wèn)句

58、。間接疑問(wèn)句為陳述語(yǔ)序，句末用句號(hào)，動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)等的變化與間接陳述句相同。引述動(dòng)詞常用ask, wonder, want to know等間接疑問(wèn)句一般有三種： (1)．一般疑問(wèn)句由直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)， 由whether或if 引導(dǎo)。 如： 　“Has he ever worked in Shanghai?”Jim asked. “他在上海工作過(guò)嗎？”吉姆問(wèn)。 　→Jim asked whether/if he had ever worked in Shanghai.吉姆問(wèn)他是否在上海工作過(guò)。 　“Can you tell me the way to the hospital?”

59、 The old man asked. 那個(gè)老人問(wèn)：“你能告訴我去醫(yī)院的路嗎？ 　→The old man asked whether I could tell him the way to the hospital. 那老人問(wèn)我是否能告訴他去醫(yī)院路。 (2). 特殊疑問(wèn)句由直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，仍由原來(lái)的疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)。 如： 　“Which room do you live in?” He asked. “ 你住哪個(gè)房間？”他問(wèn)我。 　→He asked me which room I lived in. 他問(wèn)我住哪個(gè)房間。 　“What do yo

60、u think of the film?” She asked. 她問(wèn)“你怎么看這部電影？” 　→She asked her friend what she thought of the film . 她問(wèn)她朋友怎么看這部電影。 (3). 選擇疑問(wèn)句由直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，由whether/if …or引導(dǎo)。 如： “Is it your bike or Tom’s? Mum asked. 媽媽問(wèn)：“這是你的自行車(chē)還是湯姆的？” →Mum asked whether/if it was my bike or Tom’s.媽媽問(wèn)這是我的自行車(chē)還是湯姆的。 “Do

61、es your sister like blue dresses or green ones?” Kate asked. “你妹妹喜歡蘭色的裙子還是綠色的？”凱特問(wèn)。 　→Kate asked whether/if my sister liked blue dresses or green ones. 凱特問(wèn)我妹妹喜歡蘭色裙子還是綠色的。 3. 祈使句的間接引語(yǔ)當(dāng)祈使句變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，間接祈使句的引述動(dòng)詞常用tell，ask，order，beg，request，order等，而把直接祈使句變成帶to的不定式短語(yǔ)。 如： 　　Jack said, “Please com

62、e to my house tomorrow, Mary.　” 杰克說(shuō)：“瑪麗，明天請(qǐng)到我家來(lái)?！? 　　 →Jack asked Mary to go to his house the next day.　杰克請(qǐng)瑪麗第二天到他家去。 　　The teacher said to the students, ”Stop talking.” 老師對(duì)學(xué)生們說(shuō)：“不要講話了。” 　　 →The teacher told the students to stop talking. 老師讓學(xué)生們不要說(shuō)話了。 　　“Don’t touch anything.” He said. “

63、不要碰任何東西?！彼f(shuō)。 　　 →He told us not to touch anything. 他對(duì)我們說(shuō)不要碰任何東西。 4. 動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和代詞等的變動(dòng) (1). 某些代詞，限定詞，表示時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)的副詞和個(gè)別動(dòng)詞在間接引語(yǔ)中的變化規(guī)則： 直接引語(yǔ)　　　　　　　　 　   間接引語(yǔ) today　　　　　　　　 　　　　 that day now 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 then, at that moment yesterday　　　　　　　 　　　 the day before the day before yesterday　　　

64、 two days before tomorrow　　　　　 the next day / the following day the day after tomorrow　 two days after, / in two days next week/ month etc　　　　 the next week/month etc last week/ month etc　　 the week / month etc. before here　　　　　　　　　 　　　 there this　　　　　　　　　 　　　　 that these　　　　　　　　　　　　

65、those come　　　　　　　　　 　　 go bring　　　　　　　　　 　 take (2). 如果引述動(dòng)詞為現(xiàn)在時(shí)形式，則間接引語(yǔ)中的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)，代詞，限定詞和表示時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)的副詞不用變化。而如果引述動(dòng)詞是過(guò)去時(shí)，以上內(nèi)容就要有相應(yīng)變化。變化情況如下： 現(xiàn)在時(shí)間推移到過(guò)去的時(shí)間(注意:如果直接引語(yǔ)是表示客觀規(guī)律的,那么時(shí)態(tài)仍然用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) →一般過(guò)去時(shí)； 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) →過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)； 一般將來(lái)時(shí) →過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)； 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) →過(guò)去完成時(shí)； Unit 5 If you go to the party，you’ll have a great

66、 time! 1. at the party 在晚會(huì)上 2. ask sb. to do sth. 請(qǐng)某人做某事 3. stay at home 呆在家 4. half the class/students 一半學(xué)生 5. get injured 受傷 6. have a great time =have a wonderful\good time　 玩得高興 7. take …away　 　 運(yùn)走，取走 put away 收起來(lái)，放好 8. all the time=always　 一直，始終 9. make a living (by doing sth)　 謀生 10. in order to do sth…　　 為了做某事 11. have a party 　 舉行聚會(huì) 12. go to college　 上大學(xué) 13. be famous for… 　 因……而著稱 be famous as… 作為…而出名 14. make money =earn money