壓縮包內(nèi)含有CAD圖紙和說明書,均可直接下載獲得文件，所見所得，電腦查看更方便。Q 197216396 或 11970985
附錄A
刮板輸送機
刮板輸送機是一種撓性牽引的連續(xù)輸送機械，是為采煤工作面和采區(qū)巷道運煤布置的機械。它的牽引機構是刮板鏈，承載裝置是中部槽，刮板鏈安裝在中部槽的槽面。中部槽沿運輸路線全線鋪設，刮板鏈繞經(jīng)機頭、機尾的鏈輪接成封閉形置于中部槽中，與滾筒采煤機和輸送機推移裝置配套，實現(xiàn)落煤、裝煤、運煤及推移輸送機械化。沿輸送機全長都可向溜槽中裝煤，裝入中部槽中的煤被刮板鏈拖拉，在中部槽內(nèi)滑行到卸載端卸下。
一般的刮板輸送機能在25°以下的條件使用。刮板輸送機在使用中要受拉、壓、彎曲、沖擊摩擦和腐蝕等多種作用，因此，必須有足夠的強度、剛度、耐磨和耐腐蝕性。由于它的運輸方式是物料和刮板鏈都在槽內(nèi)滑行，因此運行阻力和磨損都很大。但是，在采煤工作面運煤，目前還沒有更好的機械可代替，只能從結構上、強度上和制造工藝上不斷研究，使它更加完善、耐用。
刮板輸送機是與大型綜采工作面設備配套使用的液壓支架、采煤機，完成把工作面采煤機采下的煤輸送、轉(zhuǎn)運到后續(xù)運輸設備上的任務，并提供相應的連接手段。設計要求與ZY2300轉(zhuǎn)載機自移機尾配套，以實現(xiàn)在2.3米范圍內(nèi)整體移動而不必拆移輸送機。與ZY2300轉(zhuǎn)載機自移機尾配合可更方便地調(diào)節(jié)皮帶機，增強了輸送機與轉(zhuǎn)載機配合的協(xié)調(diào)性。本刮板輸送機與MG300/700-WD采煤機配套使用，運量可達1000t/h，技術先進，工作可靠，是大型綜采配套設備的優(yōu)秀機型?
齒輪傳動是現(xiàn)代機械中應用最廣的一種傳動形式.它的主要優(yōu)點是：
① 瞬時傳動比恒定、工作平穩(wěn)、傳動準確可靠，可傳遞空間任意兩軸之間的運動和動力；
② 適用的功率和速度范圍廣；
③ 傳動效率高，=0.92.0.98；
④ 工作可靠、使用壽命長；
⑤ 外輪廓尺寸小、結構緊湊.由齒輪、軸、軸承及箱體組成的齒輪減速器,用于原動機和工作機或執(zhí)行機構之間,起匹配轉(zhuǎn)速和傳遞轉(zhuǎn)矩的作用,在現(xiàn)代機械中應用極為廣泛.
行星輪系減速器較普通齒輪減速器具有體積小、重量輕、效率高及傳遞功率范圍大等優(yōu)點，逐漸獲得廣泛應用.同時它的缺點是：材料優(yōu)質(zhì)、結構復雜、制造精度要求較高、安裝較困難些、設計計算也較一般減速器復雜.但隨著人們對行星傳動技術進一步的深入地了解和掌握以及對國外行星傳動技術的引進和消化吸收，從而使其傳動結構和均載方式都不斷完善，同時生產(chǎn)工藝水平也不斷提高，完全可以制造出較好的行星齒輪傳動減速器.
根據(jù)負載情況進行一般的齒輪強度、幾何尺寸的設計計算，然后要進行傳動比條件、同心條件、裝配條件、相鄰條件的設計計算，由于采用的是多個行星輪傳動，還必須進行均載機構及浮動量的設計計算.
行星齒輪傳動根據(jù)基本夠件的組成情況可分為：2KH、3K、及KHV三種.若按各對齒輪的嚙合方式，又可分為：NGW型、NN型、WW型、WGW型、NGWN型和N型等.
國內(nèi)的減速器多以齒輪傳動、蝸桿傳動為主，但普遍存在著功率與重量比小，或者傳動比大而機械效率過低的問題.另外，材料品質(zhì)和工藝水平上還有許多弱點，特別是大型的減速器問題更突出，使用壽命不長.國外的減速器，以德國、丹麥和日本處于領先地位，特別在材料和制造工藝方面占據(jù)優(yōu)勢，減速器工作可靠性好，使用壽命長.但其傳動形式仍以定軸齒輪傳動為主，體積和重量問題，也未解決好.
當今的減速器是向著大功率、大傳動比、小體積、高機械效率以及使用壽命長的方向發(fā)展.減速器與電動機的連體結構，也是大力開拓的形式，并已生產(chǎn)多種結構形式和多種功率型號的產(chǎn)品.近十幾年來,由于近代計算機技術與數(shù)控技術的發(fā)展，使得機械加工精度，加工效率大大提高，從而推動了機械傳動產(chǎn)品的多樣化，整機配套的模塊化，標準化，以及造型設計藝術化，使產(chǎn)品更加精致，美觀化.
設計任何機械零件的理想情況為，工程師可以利用大量的他所選用的這種材料的強度試驗數(shù)據(jù)。這些試驗應該采用與零件有著相同的熱處理，表面光潔度和尺寸大小的試件進行，而且試驗應該在與零件使用過程中承受的載荷完全相同的情況下進行。這表明，如果零件將要承受彎曲載荷，那么就應該進行彎曲載荷的試驗。如果零件將要承受彎曲和扭轉(zhuǎn)的復合載荷，那么就應該進行彎曲和扭轉(zhuǎn)復合載荷的試驗。這些種類的試驗可以提供非常有用和精確的數(shù)據(jù)。它們可以告訴工程師應該使用的安全系數(shù)和對于給定使用壽命時的可靠性。在設計過程中，只要能夠獲得這種數(shù)據(jù)，工程師就可以盡可能好地進行工程設計工作。
以下幾個例子是設計工作中對機械設計中零件選擇應注意的一些問題
①聯(lián)軸器是用來把兩個相鄰軸端連接起來的裝置。在機械結構中，聯(lián)軸器被用來實現(xiàn)相鄰的兩根傳動軸之間的半永久性連接。在機器的正常使用期間內(nèi)，這種連接一般不必拆開，在這種意義上，可以說聯(lián)軸器的連接是永久性的。但是在緊急情況下，或者需要更換以磨損的零件時，可以先把聯(lián)軸器拆開，然后再連接上。
聯(lián)軸器有幾種類型，它們的特性隨其用途而定。如果制造工廠中或者船舶的螺旋槳需要一根特別長的軸，可以采用分段的方式將其制造出來，然后采用剛性聯(lián)軸器將各段連接起來。一種常用的聯(lián)軸器是由兩個配對的法蘭（盤）組成，這兩個法蘭盤借助靠鍵傳動的軸套連接到相鄰兩節(jié)軸的兩端，然后用螺栓穿過法蘭連接起來形成剛性接頭。相互連接的兩根軸通常是靠法蘭面上的槽口來對準的。
在把屬于不同的設備（例如一個電動機和一個變速箱）的軸連接起來的時候，要把這些軸精確地對準是比較困難的，對此可以采用彈性聯(lián)軸器。這種聯(lián)軸器連接軸的方式可以把由于被連接軸之間的軸線的不重合所造成的有害影響減少到最低程度。彈性聯(lián)軸器也允許被連接的軸在它們各自的載荷系統(tǒng)作用下產(chǎn)生偏斜或在軸線方向自由移動（浮動）而不致于相互干擾。彈性聯(lián)軸器也可以用來減輕從一根軸傳到另一根軸上的沖擊載荷和振動的強度。
②各種結構類型軸承由于不同的結構特性，可適應于不同的使用條件，設計人員可根據(jù)自己的需要進行選擇。通常選擇軸承類型時應綜合考慮下列各主要因素：
載荷情況：我們設計時應考慮它的大小、方向、以及性質(zhì)。
高速性能：??一般摩擦力矩小、發(fā)熱量小的軸承高速性能好。球軸承比滾子軸承有較高的極限轉(zhuǎn)速，故高速時應優(yōu)先考慮選用球軸承
軸向游動性能：一般機械工作時，因機械摩擦或工作介質(zhì)的關系而使軸發(fā)熱，從而有熱脹冷縮產(chǎn)生。在選擇軸承結構類型時，應使其軸有鈾向游動的可能性。
允許的空間：在機械設計中，一般都是先確定軸的尺寸，然后根據(jù)軸的尺寸來確定軸承的尺寸。小軸選用球軸承，大軸一般都選用滾子軸承
安裝與拆卸方便：對于軸承使用壽命一般都難以等同主機使用壽命，在實際使用中軸承作為易損件要經(jīng)常裝拆。因此，在選用軸承結構類型時應要求裝拆方便。
一個設計人員只有在設計過程中考慮全面，嚴謹，遵循應有的規(guī)則，才有為設計出一個優(yōu)秀的產(chǎn)品打下良好的基礎。
在21世紀成套機械裝備中,齒輪仍然是機械傳動的基本部件.CNC機床和工藝技術的發(fā)展,推動了機械傳動結構的飛速發(fā)展.在傳動系統(tǒng)設計中的電子控制、液壓傳動、齒輪、帶鏈的混合傳動,將成為變速箱設計中優(yōu)化傳動組合的方向.在傳動設計中的學科交叉,將成為新型傳動產(chǎn)品發(fā)展的重要趨勢.
附錄B
Scraper conveyor
???? Scraper conveyor is a reprint of fully coal face ancillary equipment in the transport system an important part of the roadway in the face of the accepted face scraper conveyor unloading of coal flow, not halt the transfer to the retractable belt Conveyor boost. Bridge reversed loader with the face-scraper conveyor machine synchronous over his head, face Shearer guarantee for coal mining, and fully mechanized coal face of high yield and high efficiency operations.
??? Scraper conveyor is a reprint of a special structure of the scraper conveyor, powertrain and drive and scraper conveyor similar to a ramp of its fuselage and a section of the arch bridge structure and belt conveyors in the tail Paragraph above lap. In the back-alley in the coal face when the machine goes to reprint its arch bridge and all of the aircraft ended the lap belt conveyor stack of position limits, a retractable belt conveyor shortened ride Next length of the belt conveyor for the development of the shift to home-unloading nose reproduced below, can be reproduced with the face of the advance goes forward.
Reproduced large-scale machine is fully coal face with the equipment supporting the use of the Gate transmission, reproduced equipment, to complete the face conveyor sent to the coal transportation, transit facilities to follow up on the conveyor belt of tasks and to provide the appropriate means of connection. ZY2300 belt with the design requirements for supporting the tail since the shift to achieve in the 2.3 metres of the overall mobile rather than demolished shift belt machine. ZY2300 belt and the tail of the shift can be more easily cope with belt-regulation, enhance the belt-and-reproduced with the coordination. This reprint of MG300/700-WD and supporting the use of conveyor, capacity up to 1,000 tons / hour, technologically advanced, reliable, large-scale comprehensive mining equipment supporting the excellent models.
Wheel gears
Wheel gears spreading to move is a the most wide kind of the application spreads to move a form in the modern machine.Its main advantage BE:The
① spreads to move to settle, work than in a moment steady, spread to move accurate credibility, can deliver space arbitrarily sport and the motive of the of two stalks；Power and speed scope
② applies are wide；
③ spreads to move an efficiency high, =0.92.0.98；
④ work is dependable, service life long；
⑤ Outline size outside the is small, structure tightly packed.The wheel gear constituted to；；；from wheel gear, stalk, bearings and box body decelerates a machine, useding for prime mover and work machine or performance organization of, have already matched to turn soon and deliver a function of turning , the application is extremely extensive in the modern machine.
Planetary gear reducer gear reducer than the normal small size, light weight, high efficiency and transmission power range, etc, widely applied gradually. At the same time its drawbacks are: material quality, complex, high precision manufacturing, more difficult to install, design complex calculations than the average speed reducer. but on the planet as people drive technology further in-depth understanding and knowledge as well as the introduction of foreign planetary transmission and absorption of technology to drive the structure and contain its way are constantly improving, and continuously improve the level of production technology, can produce a better planetary gear reducer.
According to a general load of gear strength, geometric dimensions of the design calculation, and then to carry out transmission ratio conditions, concentric condition, the assembly conditions, design and calculation of the adjacent conditions, thanks to the number of planetary gear transmission, also must be contained institutions and the design of floating volume calculation.
Planetary gear drive according to the composition of basic enough pieces can be divided into: 2KH, 3K, and KHV are three. If the meshing of gears by the way, can be divided into: NGW-type, NN-based, WW-type, WGW type, NGWN type and N-type and so on. I designed planetary gear is 2KH NGW planetary transmission type.
⑥ Local deceleration machine much with the wheel gear spread to move, the pole spread to move for lord, but widespread exist power and weight ratio small, or spread to move ratio big but the machine efficiency lead a low problem.There are also many weaknesses on material quality and craft level moreover, the especially large deceleration machines problem is more outstanding, the service life isnt long.The deceleration machine of abroad, with Germany, Denmark and Japan be placed in to lead a position, occupying advantage in the material and the manufacturing craft specially, decelerating the machine work credibility like, service life long.But it spreads to move a form to still take settling stalk wheel gear to spread to move as lord, physical volume and weight problem, dont also resolve like
The direction which decelerates a machine to is the facing big power and spread to move ratio, small physical volume, high machine efficiency and service life to grow greatly nowadays develops.Decelerating the connecting of machine and electric motor body structure is also the form which expands strongly, and have already produced various structure forms and various products of power model numbers.Be close to ten several in the last yearses, control a technical development because of the modern calculator technique and the number, make the machine process accuracy, process an efficiency to raise consumedly, pushed a machine to spread the diversification of movable property article thus, the mold piece of the whole machine kit turns, standardizing, and shape design the art turn, making product more fine, the beauty turns.
Become a set a machine material in 21 centuries medium, the wheel gear is still a machine to spread a dynamic basic parts.CNC tool machine and the craft technical development, pushed a machine to spread to move structure to fly to develop soon.Be spreading to move the electronics control, liquid in the system design to press to spread to move, wheel gear, take the mixture of chain to spread to move, will become become soon a box to design in excellent turn to spread to move a combination of direction.The academics that is in spread move the design crosses, will become new spread a movable property article the important trend of the development.
Essential character：Reduction gear、 Bearing 、gear 、mechanical drive
The modern mechanical system concept is: Any mechanical product is a specific system which is composed with several components , the certain part equipment , with the definite quality, the rigidity and the damping certain objects which have relations with each other ,this system can complete the specific function the system , therefore calls it the mechanical system. The machine parts are compose the mechanical system the basic essential factor, the part are its subsystem。
The design work is a process which relapse carries on. In this process, we must experience several stages, in carries on the appraisal after the result, in returns to the front stage. Therefore , we may first in the system ensemble several components, carry on the analysis and the optimization to them, then carries on the synthesis again, looked they have any influence to the system other parts. The analysis and the optimization all requests us to establish or to make the system the abstract model, regarding this in order to carries on the mathematical analysis. We are called these models the mathematical model. When establishment mathematical model, we hoped can find to be allowed to simulate the actual physical system well the mathematical model.
Because of the highly competitive nature of most manufacturing businesses, the question of finding ways to reduce cost is ever present. A good staring point for cost reduction is in the design of the produce. The design engineer should always keep in mind the possible alternatives available to him in making his design .It is often impossible to determine the best alternatives without a careful analysis of the probable production cost. Designing for function, interchangeability, quality, and economy requires a careful study of tolerance, surface finishes, processes, materials, and equipment.
To assure sound and economical design from a standpoint, careful consideration of the following general design rules-both separately and together-is of paramount importance .the order of importance may vary according to design requirement, or factors, but the overall importance always remains the same.
Seek simplicity. Design for maxminum simplicity in functional and physical characteristics.
Determine the best production method. Seek the help of a production engineer to design for the most economical production methods.
Analyze materials. Select materials that will lend themselves to low-cost production as well as to design requirements.
Eliminate fixturing and handing problem. Design for ease of locating, setting up, and holding parts.
Employ maxinum acceptable tolerances and finishes. Specify surface roughness and accuracy no greater than which is commensurate with the type of part or mechanism being designed, and the production method or methods contemplated.
In addition, in the mechanical system design process, choosing the system components is also a very important link.
One of the primary considerations in designing any machine or structure is that the strength must be sufficiently greater than stress to assure both safety and reliability .To assure that mechanical parts do not fail in service ,it is necessary to learn why they sometimes do fail .Then we shall be able to relate the stresses with the strengths to achieve safety.
Ideally , in designing any machine element, the engineer should have at his disposal the results of a great many strength tests of the particular material chosen .These tests should have been made on specimens having the same heat treatment ,surface finish ,and size as the element he proposes to design; and the tests should be made under exactly the same loading conditions as the part will experience in service. This means that, if it is to be subjected to combined bending and torsion ,it should be tested under combined bending and torsion .Such tests will provide very useful and precise information. They tell the engineer what factor of safety to use and what the reliability is for a given service life. Whenever such data are available for design purposes, the engineering
Following several examples are some questions which the components should pay attentions to in the design and choice work :
A coupling is a device for connecting the ends of ends of adjacent shafts . In machine construction, couplings are used to affect a semi permanent connection between adjacent rotating shafts .The connection is permanent in the sense that it is not meant to be broken and restored in an emergency or when worn parts are replaced .
There are several types of shaft couplings their characteristics depend on the purpose for which they are used . If an exceptionally long shaft is required in a manufacturing plant or a propeller shaft on a ship ,it is made in sections that are coupled together with rigid couplings . A common type of rigid coupling consists of tow mating radial flanges (disk) that are attached by key-driven hubs to the ends of adjacent shaft sections and bolted together through the flanges to from a rigid connection .Alignment of the connected shafts is usually effected by means of a rabbet joint on the face of the flanges.
In connecting shafts belonging to separate devices (such as an electric motor and a gearbox ),precise aligning of the shafts is difficult and a flexible coupling is used .This coupling of the shafts is difficult and a flexible coupling is used .This coupling connects the shafts in such a way as to minimize the harmful effects of shaft misalignment . Flexible couplings also permit the shafts to deflect under their separate systems of loads and another .Flexible couplings can also serve to reduce the intensity of shock loads and vibrations transmitted form one shaft to another.
②Each kind of structure type bearing as a result of the different structure characteristic, may adapt in the different exploit action conditions, designs the personnel to be possible according to own to need to carry on the choice. Usually choosing the bearing type should synthesize the consideration of following primary factors:
a. Loading condition: We should consider its size, the direction, as well as the nature.
b. High speed performance: The general friction moment small, the calorific capacity small bearing high speed performance is good. The ball bearing has the higher limit rotational speed compared to the roller bearings, therefore is high speed time should first consider selects the ball bearing
c. Axial hovers the performance: When common mechanical work, causes the axis because of the mechanical friction or the actuating medium relations to give off heat, thus has the thermal expansion to contract the production. When choice bearing structure type, should enable its axis to have the uranium to the possibility which hovers.
d. Permission space: In the machine design, generally all is first the true dead axle size, then determines the bearing according to the axis size the size. The small axis selects the ball bearing, the big axis generally all selects the roller bearings
e. installment and disassemble convenient: Generally all with difficulty equates the main engine service life regarding the bearing service life, uses the middle bearing in the reality to take the quick-wear part to have frequently the assembling and disassemble .Therefore, when selects the bearing structure type should request the assembling and dismantling to be convenient.
A designer only to considers comprehensively, rigorous, follow rules which we should have in the design process, can build the good foundation in order to design an outstanding product to.
The mechanical system design is based on products with the characteristics, and design experts in the field of knowledge and experience to push volume and decision-making, the completion of several comprehensive. To achieve this stage of the computer-aided design, we must study the automatic acquisition of knowledge, expression, integration, coordination, management and use. To this end, the scholars at home and abroad designed for mechanical systems design knowledge of automated processing done a lot of research work, the method used can be summarized in the following few.
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