2010中考英語復(fù)習(xí)課本知識(shí)整理 九年級(jí)Units 15

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1、2010中考英語復(fù)習(xí)課本知識(shí)整理九年級(jí)Units 15 【知識(shí)梳理】 I. 重點(diǎn)短語 care for 關(guān)懷，照顧 pull down 摧毀，推翻 be made from 由…制成 be like 像… be endangered 瀕臨滅絕的 how big 多大 ten feet long 十英尺長 used to 過去常常 try to do sth. 盡力做某事 be against doing sth. 反對(duì)做某事 in my life 在我的生命中 be suitable for sb. to do sth. 適合某人做某事 once a day

2、一天一次 be surprised to do sth. 做某事感到驚訝 living textbooks 活生生的教材 provide sth. for sb. 提供某物給某人 provide sb. with sth. 提供給某人某物 educate the public 教育公眾 take care of 照顧，照料 agree / disagree with 同意/不同意某事 stop doing sth. 停止做某事 be hard to do sth. 做某事很困難 recycling paper 廢紙回收 turn off the lights 關(guān)燈 hea

3、r of 聽說 come from 來自 be made from 由…制成（看不出原材料） win an award 獲獎(jiǎng) in one’s spare time 在某人的空閑時(shí)間 raise money 捐錢 II. 重要句型 1. Manatees are gentle. 海牛很溫順。 2. I like pandas best because they are so cute. 我最喜歡熊貓了，因?yàn)樗鼈兲蓯哿恕? 3. I agree / disagree with you. 我同意/不同意你的意見。 4. I think that…我認(rèn)為… I belie

4、ve that…我相信… I feel that…我覺得… 5. We’re trying to save the manatees. 我們正在盡力挽救海牛。（現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)） 6. Manatees eat about 100 pounds of food a day. 海牛每天要吃100磅左右的食物。（一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)） 7. There used to be a lot of manatees. 過去有許多海牛。（used to 一般過去時(shí)） 8. In 1972, it was discovered that they were endangered. 1972年發(fā)現(xiàn)海牛瀕臨滅絕。（被

5、動(dòng)語態(tài)） 9. Some of the swamps have become polluted. 一些沼澤地已經(jīng)受到污染。（現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)） III. 重要語法 復(fù)習(xí)動(dòng)詞的語態(tài)，即主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)。 【課文解析】 重點(diǎn)單詞 1．weigh v稱．稱……的重量 Weigh this package for me，please．請(qǐng)給我稱一下這個(gè)包裹。 (1)weigh作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“稱；稱……的重量”。 Let me weigh it．It's quite a bit overweight．我來稱一稱它。這超重不少呢。 (2)weigh作及物動(dòng)詞，還有“考慮；權(quán)衡；斟酌”

6、的意思。 I must weigh my words to avoid any misunderstanding．我必須字斟句酌，免生誤解。 (3)weigh作不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，意為“重若干；有分量”，其后常加表示數(shù)量的詞語。 I weigh 40 kilos．我體重為40千克。 His words weighed heavy with us．他的話對(duì)我們來說很有分量。 weigh的名詞形式為weight，意為“重量”。 常見短語： llose weight意為“減肥”。 What's your weight?你的體重是多少? My sister is trying to lo

7、se weight．我姐姐正在設(shè)法減肥。 2．spared．多余的?？臻e的 He often helps the old people in his spare time．他在業(yè)余時(shí)間經(jīng)常幫助老人們。 (1)spare為形容詞，意為“多余的，空閑的，剩下的，備用的”，無比較級(jí)。 He spends a11 his spare time playing computer games．他把業(yè)余時(shí)間全用來打電腦游戲了。 We have a spare room for guests．我們家有備用的客房。 (2)in one's spare time意為“在(某人的)業(yè)余時(shí)間里”。 Wh

8、at do you usually do in your spare time?你在業(yè)余時(shí)間通常做些什么? 3．pull v拉。拖，拔 She pulled the door open．她拉開了門 。 (1)pull作不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，意為“拉，拖；拔”， 主語為不具備動(dòng)力的某物時(shí)，其主動(dòng)形式常含有被動(dòng)意義。 You push and I'll pull．你來推，我來拉。 (2)pull作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，接名詞、代詞作賓語，還可以接以形容詞、副詞、介詞短語充當(dāng)賓語補(bǔ)足語。 The child pulled the door open．那個(gè)小孩把門拉開了。

9、 思維拓展 (1)pull意為“拖；拉”，為普通用詞，不管力的大小，但總要用些力，含用力、努力、突然的沖動(dòng)等意味，反義詞為push。 Please push the window open．請(qǐng)把窗子推開。 (2)相關(guān)短語 ①pull out表示“(車輛等)駛出”“撤離”“掏出”等。 The boat has pulled out the port．船已經(jīng)駛出了港口。 ②pull in表示“吸引(觀眾，投票者)”。 The new play is going to pull in a lot of viewers．這個(gè)新劇將會(huì)吸引很多觀眾。 ③pull down表

10、示“拆毀”“拉下”。 The old building was pulled down．那棟老建筑被拆除了。 4．proud adj．自豪的；驕傲的 It makes me feel proud．它使我感到很自豪。 proud用作形容詞，意為“自豪的，驕傲的”，常用于短語 be proud of，表示“以……為驕傲；以……而自豪”。 They are very proud of their daughter．他們?yōu)樗麄兊呐畠焊械椒浅ｒ湴痢? 注意：proud的名詞形式是prie， 意為 “自豪，驕傲”常用于短語take pride in，表示“以……而自豪”

11、。 We take pride in our great motherland.我們以我們偉大的祖國而驕傲。 【中考連線】 ① You can find a way to reach your goals when you are proud yourself and stand tall like a sunflower． A．on B．from C．of ②I often read English magazines________my spare time. A．a(chǎn)t B．in C．on

12、D．to ③They will _______the old houses to build the central park． A．put off B．pull down C．put down D．put up ④Some girls get sick after they try so hard to lose_________weight． A．a(chǎn) B．the C．／ D．a(chǎn)n 答案：C點(diǎn)撥：本題考查短語的用法。be proud of…意為“以……而自豪”。故選C 答案：B點(diǎn)撥：spare time—fr

13、ee time意為“業(yè)余時(shí)間”；in one’s spare time意為“在某人的業(yè)余時(shí)間里”。故選B。 答案：B 點(diǎn)撥：此題考查動(dòng)詞短語的用法。put off意為“推遲”；pull down意為“拆除(房屋等)”；put down意為“寫下來”put up意為“舉起；修建”。根據(jù)句意，選B。 答案：C點(diǎn)撥：lose weight是一個(gè)固定詞組，意為“減少體重，不加任何冠詞，故選C。 重點(diǎn)短語 1．care for關(guān)心。關(guān)懷，照顧 The children are being well cared for．孩子們得到了精心照顧。 (1)care for意為“關(guān)懷，照顧”，它相當(dāng)

14、于詞組look after。 Uncle Dick is very good at caring for sick animals．迪克叔叔照看生病的動(dòng)物很在行。 She eared for her father all through his long illness．她在父親久病期間一直照顧著他。 (2)care for還 可以表示“喜歡，想要”，一般用于疑問句和否定句中。 Would you care for a drink? 你想要喝一杯飲料嗎？ I don’t care for tea．我不喜歡喝茶。 2．be made fro

15、m由……制成 Wine is made from grapes．葡萄酒是用葡萄釀成的。 be made from“由……制成的”，它指原材料經(jīng)過了化學(xué) 變化，從成品已看不出 其原材料。 Paper is made from wood．紙用木頭制造的。 The drink is made from pears．這種飲料是用梨制成的。 Bread is made from wheat．而包足用小麥制成的。 有關(guān) “be made 的詞組： be made of用……制造(能分辨出原材料) be made in在……地方制造 be made into被制成……(強(qiáng)調(diào)制成晶) b

16、e made by被……制造 be made from由……制造(不能分辨出原材料) be made up of m……組成(強(qiáng)調(diào)組成部分) 【中考連線】 ①Lots of people in our city _________the old and they usua11y offer their seats to the old on buses． A．a(chǎn)gree with B．worry about C．1augh at D．care for ② 一Your skirts really beautiful.____________? 一Silk

17、． A．Where did you buy it B．How much is it C．What size is it D．What's it made of 答案：D 點(diǎn)拔：由句意“人們?yōu)槔先俗屪?，說明是關(guān)心老人，故選care for。正確答案為D項(xiàng)。 答案：D點(diǎn)撥：由答語Silk．“絲織的”可知問句應(yīng)為“它是由什么制成的?”故選D。 考點(diǎn)句型 1．They're about 10 feet long and they weigh about l 000 pounds．它們大約10英尺長，重約l 000磅。 (1)英語中長、寬、高等的表達(dá)方式可用“數(shù)字+量詞(復(fù)數(shù))

18、+表示‘長、寬、高’的long／wide／high…”結(jié)構(gòu)，它可作表語，也可作后置定語。 The street is about 200 metres long，3 metres wide．那條街大約有200米長，3米寬。 He is one of the most famous writers in China. 他是中國最著名的作家之一。 This is the most difficult (one) of the three. 這是這三者中最難的。 ◎在“動(dòng)詞+the most”結(jié)構(gòu)中，most 也是副詞，其作用和意思是“最”其位置通常在動(dòng)詞后。 Th

19、ey like English the most. 他們最喜歡英語。 （3）most 通常有三種用法 ◎在“most+副詞或形容詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中，most 是副詞，意為“很，非常，十分”。 I shall most certainly go there. 我十分肯定會(huì)到那里去。 ◎在“most+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中，most 是形容詞，意為“大部分的，大多數(shù)”或“最多的”。 Most students like English. 大多數(shù)學(xué)生喜歡英語。 Who has (the) most books among you? 你們中誰的書最多？ 【中考連線】 This is a_______

20、___fiver and that river is ． A．200-metre-long；200 metre long B．200-metre-long；200 metres long C．200-metres-long；200 metres long D．200-metres long；200-metre-long 答案：B點(diǎn)撥：第一個(gè)空作前量定語，故應(yīng)用復(fù)合形容詞形式；第二個(gè)空作表語，應(yīng)用“數(shù)詞+量詞(復(fù)數(shù))+long”形式：故選B。句意：這是一條200米長的河，那條河長200米。 （3）hear of意為“聽說”，后面接名詞，代詞或動(dòng)名詞。 I’ve never

21、 heard of that before.我以前從未聽說過那件事。 She disappeared and was never heard of again. 她不知去向了，再未聽到她的消息。 （4）hear接從句，是“聽說”的意思。 One day, the Smiths heard that there was a good doctor in a town not far away.一天，史密斯一家聽說不遠(yuǎn)的鎮(zhèn)里有一位好醫(yī)生。 I hear that one of the pandas has a baby.我聽說其中一只熊貓生了個(gè)熊貓寶寶。 II．while與when的用法

22、 ◎ when的含義是at or during the time that,既可用于指一點(diǎn)時(shí)間（從句的謂語動(dòng)詞需用終止性動(dòng)詞），也可用于指一段時(shí)間（從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞），從句與主句里面的謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)能同時(shí)發(fā)生，或一先一后發(fā)生。 He wants to help people when they are ill.他想在人們生病的時(shí)候幫助他們。 When he got to Shanghai, the ship had already set off.他到達(dá)上海時(shí)，輪船已經(jīng)開走了。 ◎ while的含義是during the time that,只能用于指一段時(shí)間（從

23、句的謂語動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性的），從句與主句里面的謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作只能同時(shí)發(fā)生，不能一先一后發(fā)生。 While I was reading, my mother was washing clothes.我讀書時(shí)，媽媽在洗衣服。 ◎這兩個(gè)詞還可以用作并列連詞。when表示“在那時(shí)”或“這時(shí)突然”，相當(dāng)于and just at that time的意思，用來連接兩個(gè)并列分句，有時(shí)when分句之前有逗號(hào)把前后兩個(gè)分句分開。 I stayed till sunset, when it began to rain.我一直呆到太陽下山，這時(shí)天開始下雨了。 ◎ while意為“而”，“卻”，表示對(duì)照

24、關(guān)系。 Some like collecting stamps, while others like planting flowers.有些人喜歡集郵，而有些人卻喜歡種花。 單元測試題 Ⅰ．單項(xiàng)填空（10分） ( )1．The blouse________ is made of silk is very expensive．I can’t afford it． A．that B．what C．because D．though ( )2．Many 1akes and rivers have been________ rece

25、ntly． A．pollute B．pollution C．polluted D．polluting ( )3．We should take our own bags when ________． A．shopped B．shopping C．shoping D．shops ( )4．There are hardly any people on the hill in winter，________? A．a(chǎn)re they B．a(chǎn)ren’t they C．a(chǎn)ren’t

26、 there D．a(chǎn)re there ( )5．I was________ what you did． A．surprised to B．surprised in C．surprised at D．surprising at ( )6．My cousin has changed a lot．She used to be________，but now she is tall． A．short B．thin C．pretty D．though ( )7．Something is

27、 wrong with my computer．It needs ________． A．mending B．to mend C．mended D．is mending ( )8．Zoos are________ places for animals ________． A．terribly；to live B．terrible；living C．terrified；to live at D．terrible；to live ( )9．These zoos are like________ t

28、extbooks for young people． A．live B．to live C．living D．lived ( )10．—I think drinking milk is good ________our health． —Yes．I agree you． A．for；with B．to；to C．with；to D．a(chǎn)t；with ( )11．I have never________ such a story． A．hear of B．he

29、ar about C．heard of D．heard for ( )12．Tom likes the clothes________ his mother． A．made of B．made from C．made in D．made by ( )13．The boss said________ at the meeting and just sat there________. A．something；silently B．everything；silence

30、 C．nothing；silently D．nothing；silent ( )14．Waste cans and bottles are collected ________recycling． A．from B．for C．a(chǎn)s D．by ( )15．Much time was________ his sick mother. A．spent care for B．spending caring for C．spent to care for D．spending

31、 cared for Ⅴ．從方框中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)木渥友a(bǔ)全對(duì)話(5分) A．That’s very kind of you． B．And I forget where I had put it． C．Now We have another two classes． D．They are all out． E．I’m afraid I haven’t． F．But I haven’t had it with me． G．I have a copy of my own． A：Have you ever read the novel Jane Eyre? B： 1

32、A：What a pity! It’s a wonderful book, you know． B：Well，I’ve been wanting to read it for a long time，but I can’t get a copy．The library has only three copies． 2 A： 3 4 I call lend it to you，if you like． B：Thank you．By the way，when can I get it? A： 5 Will you please come to my ho

33、use after school? B：OK．I’ll go as soon as school is over． 1． ________ 2．________ 3．________ 4．________ 5．________ was used up or the river was dirty in a place，men moved to another place．But this is no longer true．Man is now slowly polluting the whole world． Air pollution is still th

34、e most serious．It’s bad to all living things in the world，but it is not only one kind of pollution．Water pollution kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water．Noise pollution makes us become angry more easily． Many countries are making rules to fight pollution．They stop the people from burn

35、ing coal(煤)in houses and factories in the city，and from blowing dirty smoke into the air． The pollution of SO2 is now the most dangerous problem of air pollution．It is sure that if there are fewer people driving，there will be less air pollution． The earth is our home．We must take care of

36、it．That means keeping the land，water and air clean．And we must be careful about the rise in population at the same time． ( )1．Our world is becoming much smaller_______. A．because the earth is being polluted day and night B．thanks to science developing C．because of the

37、 rising in population D．because the earth is blown away by the wind every year ( )2．Thousands of years ago，life was______ it is today． A．much easier than B．a(chǎn)s easy as C．a(chǎn)s hard as D．much harder than ( )3．Pollution comes in many ways．We can even hear it．He

38、re“hear it” means “_______”． A．water pollution B．a(chǎn)ir pollution C．noise pollution D．rubbish ( )4．Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution because _______． A．it’s bad to all living things in the world B．it makes much noise C．it has

39、made our rivers and lakes dirty D．it makes us become angry more easily ( )5．Which of the following is not true? A．Many countries are making rules to fight pollution． B．The pollution of the earth grows as fast as the world population does． C．From now on，maybe people try to g

40、o to work by bus or bike instead of car or motorbike．It is helpful to fight against the problem of SO2． D．The problem of pollution is not so serious because there are not so many people． B 1970 was the world Conservation(保護(hù))Year．The United Nations wanted everyone to know that the w

41、orld is in danger．They hoped that governments would act quickly in order to “conserve”nature．Here is one example of the problems．At one time there were 1 000 different plants，trees and flowers in Holland，but now only 860 remain．The others have been destroyed by modern man and his technology(技術(shù))．We

42、are changing the earth，the air，the water，and everything that grows and lives．We can’t live without these things．If we continue like this，we shall destroy ourselves． What will happen in the future? Perhaps it is more important to ask“What must we do now?”The people who will be living in the world of

43、 tomorrow are the young people today．A lot of them know that conservation is necessary．Many are helping to save our world．They plant trees，build bridges across rivers in forests，and so on．In a small town in the United States a large group of girls clean the 11-kilometer long banks of the river．Young

44、 people may hear about conservation through a record called NO ONE’S GOING TO CHANGE OUR WORLD．It was made by the Scatles，Cliff Richard and other singers．The money from it will help to conserve wild animals． ( )6．This passage is mainly about conserving________. A．wild animals B．wild p

45、lants C．nature D．man ( )7．How many kinds of plants．trees and flowers have been destroyed by modern man and his technology in Holland? A．1 300 B．860 C．140 D．1 000 ( )8．We know from the passage that there are______． A．more trees in Holland now B

46、．more flowers in Holland now C．fewer plants in Holland now D．fewer animals in Holland now ( )9．What does the underlined word“them”refer to? A．All the people． B．Old people． C．Old and young people． D．Young people． ( )10．We can guess from the passage tha

47、t NO ONE’S GOING TO CHANGE OUR WORLD was________. A．a(chǎn) book about saving the world B．a(chǎn) song loved by young people C．a(chǎn) film about protecting wild animals D．a(chǎn) tape of songs calling on people to conserve nature Ⅷ．書面表達(dá)(20分) 請(qǐng)?jiān)诼每偷巧疥?duì)路途上，為旅客寫幾條規(guī)定，以保護(hù)環(huán)境。 1．不要在林中用火(start fi

48、re)，以保護(hù)樹木。 2．不要亂扔垃圾，離開時(shí)，請(qǐng)把廢紙、罐頭(tin)盒等帶走。 3．請(qǐng)保持河流清潔，這是村民的飲用水源。 4．請(qǐng)勿傷害鳥類和昆蟲等動(dòng)物。 5．請(qǐng)勿挖掘和采摘花草。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

49、______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 參考答案 Ⅰ．1．A that引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾blou

50、se。 2．C被動(dòng)語態(tài)。 3．B“when十分詞短語”作狀語，當(dāng)主句的主語與從句中的主語相同時(shí)可以這樣用， 相當(dāng)于狀語從句。 4．D 由hardly(幾乎沒有)可確定本句是前否定后肯定的反意疑問句。 5．C be surprised at意為“對(duì)……感到驚奇”。 6．A由now知，是現(xiàn)在高，used to意為“過去”，所以應(yīng)用short。 7．A need doing結(jié)構(gòu)中的doing含有被動(dòng)含義相當(dāng)于to be done。 8．D不定式短語與其所修飾的詞具有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。 9．C living textbooks

51、意為“活生生的教材”，living是形容詞。 10．A be good for對(duì)……有益，為固定短語，agree with意為“同意” 11．C考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。hear of意為“聽說，知道”；hear about意為“了解”。hear的 過去分詞為heard。 12．D made by his mother意為“由他媽媽做的”，此處是過去分詞短語作后置定語。 13．C said nothing意為“什么也沒說”，silently是副詞，修飾動(dòng)詞。 14．B for意為“用于／用作……”。 15．C本題意為“許多時(shí)間被花費(fèi)在照顧他

52、生病的媽媽身上”，此處不定式作目的狀語。 Ⅱ．1．education 2．to protect 3．called 4．not play 5．fishing Ⅲ．1．B more twenty改為twenty more 2．B has done改為is done 3．B and改為or 4．D to live改為to live in 5．B how改為what Ⅳ．1．used，to make 2．looks after 3．has been dead，four years 4．where trees grow wel

53、l 5．What do Ⅴ．1～5 EDGFC Ⅵ．1～5 BADCA 6～10 DBCBD Ⅶ．1．B由第一段第一句可知。 2．D由第一段第二句可知。 3．C“能聽見的污染”即噪音污染。 4．A由第三段第二句可知。 5．D由常識(shí)可知。 6．C縱觀全文可知文章的主題是保護(hù)自然。 7．C 1 000-860=140 8．C由上題分析可知。 9．D由劃線部分的前一句可知。 10．D a record意為“磁帶”，故選D項(xiàng)。 Ⅷ．One possible version： Notice to

54、 the Visitors When you climb the mountain，you should notice： Don’t start fires in the woods in order to protect the trees． Don’t throw rubbish everywhere．When you leave, please take the waste paper and tins with you． Try to leave the countryside clean. Water is very important．The villagers get their drinking water from the river，so you must keep the river clean． Protect the plants and animals．Do not kill or hurt any animals，birds or insects．Do not dig up plants or pick flowers． Have a good time．