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八年級(jí)(上) Units 9—10 中考基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)梳理 類別 課標(biāo)考點(diǎn)要求 詞 匯 攻 關(guān) 1.prepare(v.)→__preparation__(n.)準(zhǔn)備;準(zhǔn)備工作 2.invite(v.)→__invitation__(n.)邀請(qǐng);請(qǐng)柬 3.accept(v.)→__refuse__(反義詞)拒絕 4.with(prep.)→__without__(反義詞)沒(méi)有;不(做某事)★ 5.surprise(v.& n.)→__surprising__(adj.)令人驚奇的★ →__surprised__(adj.)驚奇的;感覺(jué)意外的★ 6.open(v.)→__opening__(n.)開(kāi)幕式;落成典禮 →__close__(反義詞)關(guān)閉★ 7.advice(n.)→__advise__(v.)勸告;建議★ 8.normal(adj.)→__normally__(adv.)正常地;一般地 9.certain(adj.)→__certainly__(adv.)無(wú)疑;肯定;當(dāng)然;行★ 10.understand(v.)→__understanding__(adj.)善解人意的;體諒人的 →__understood__(過(guò)去式/過(guò)去分詞)理解;領(lǐng)會(huì)★ 11.hang(v.)→__hung__(過(guò)去式/過(guò)去分詞)懸掛;垂下 12.catch(v.)→__caught__(過(guò)去式/過(guò)去分詞)及時(shí)趕上;接住;抓住★ 13.weekday(n.)→__weekend__(對(duì)應(yīng)詞)周末 14.sad(adj.)→__sadness__(n.)悲傷;悲哀 15.organize(v.)→__organization__(n.)組織,團(tuán)體 短 語(yǔ) 歸 納 1.為……做準(zhǔn)備__prepare__for__ 2.其他時(shí)間;別的時(shí)間__another__time__ 3.閑逛;常去某處__hang__out__ 4.前天__the__day__before__yesterday__ 5.后天__the__day__after__tomorrow__ 6.照料;照顧__look__after__ 7.拒絕__turn__down__ 8.去旅行__take__a__trip__ 9.盼望;期待__look__forward__to__ 10.保守秘密__keep…to__oneself__ 11.分成兩半__in__half__ 12.去看醫(yī)生__go__to__the/a__doctor__ 13.患流感__have__the__flu__ 14.以書(shū)面形式回復(fù)……__reply__in__writing__to…__ 15.去看電影 __go__to__the__movies__ 16.騎自行車兜風(fēng) __go__bike__riding__ 17.(幫助……)分擔(dān)工作、解決難題 __help__out__ 18.在……末端/結(jié)尾 __at__the__end__of__ 19.接到(某人的)信、電話等 __hear__from__ 20.玩得開(kāi)心 __have__a__great__time__ 21.環(huán)游世界 __travel__around__the__world__ 22.讓某人做某事 __ask__sb.to__do__sth.__ 23.受教育 __get__an__education__ 24.害怕做某事;不敢做某事 __be__afraid__to__do__sth.__ 25.炸土豆片;炸薯?xiàng)l __potato__chips__ 26.逃跑 __run__away__ 27.犯錯(cuò)誤 __make__mistakes__ 句 型 再 現(xiàn) ( 含 情 景 交 際 ) 1.(發(fā)出邀請(qǐng))“星期六下午你能來(lái)參加我的聚會(huì)嗎?”“當(dāng)然了,非常樂(lè)意?!? —__Can__you__e__to__ my party on Saturday afternoon? —Sure,__Id__love__to__. 2.真抱歉,我沒(méi)有空。 Im sorry.Im __not__available__. 3.……薩姆要一直待到下周三才走。 …Sam __isnt__leaving__until__ next Wednesday. 4.事先不通知斯蒂恩老師,把她帶到聚會(huì)上來(lái),以便讓她感到驚喜。 Bring Ms.Steen to the party __without__telling__her__ so that she can be __surprised__. 5.我盼望你們的答復(fù)。 I __look__forward__to__hearing__from__ you all. 6.希望你能參加(聚會(huì))! Hope you can __make__it__! 7.(談?wù)摻Y(jié)果)“如果他們今天聚會(huì),會(huì)發(fā)生什么事?”“如果他們今天聚會(huì),班上有一半的人將不會(huì)來(lái)。” —__What__will__happen__ if they have the party today? —If they have it today,__half__ the class wont e. 8.(表達(dá)請(qǐng)求)能給我一些建議嗎? Can you __give__me__some__advice__? 9.如果我們不和別人說(shuō)一說(shuō),我們當(dāng)然會(huì)感到更糟糕。 __Unless__we__talk__to__someone__,well certainly feel worse. 10.他認(rèn)為第一步就是找個(gè)信任的人去傾訴。 He thinks the first step is __to__find__someone__you__trust__to__talk__to__. 11.在英語(yǔ)中,我們說(shuō)與人分擔(dān)一個(gè)煩惱就像把麻煩分成兩半。 In English,we say that __sharing__a__problem__ is like __cutting__it__in__half__. 12.因此,只要跟別人聊聊這個(gè)問(wèn)題,你就已經(jīng)解決了問(wèn)題的一半! So youre __halfway__to__solving__ a problem just by talking to someone about it! 13.謝謝你的邀請(qǐng)。 __Thanks__for__asking__. 14.我愿意來(lái)的,但是恐怕不行。 __Id__love__ to e,but __Im__afraid__I__cant__. 15.學(xué)生們正在討論何時(shí)舉行班級(jí)派對(duì)。 The students are talking about __when__to__have__ a class party. 16.最好不要逃避我們的問(wèn)題。 __It__is__best__ not __to__ run away from our problems. 語(yǔ)法 1.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(can,might,should)(詳見(jiàn)第二編P120) 2.if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句(詳見(jiàn)第二編P143) 話題 Unit 9 Invitations(邀請(qǐng)) Unit 10 Decision making(做決定) 貴陽(yáng)中考重難點(diǎn)突破 until的用法(教材八上P66) 【滿分點(diǎn)撥】 until用于肯定句,意為“直到……”,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,強(qiáng)調(diào)主句的動(dòng)作才結(jié)束;用于否定句,構(gòu)成“not…until”結(jié)構(gòu),意為“直到……才……”,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般為終止性動(dòng)詞,強(qiáng)調(diào)主句的動(dòng)作才開(kāi)始。(該句型在形式上是否定的,但卻表達(dá)的是肯定含義)。如: She studies until 12:00 every night.她每天晚上學(xué)習(xí)到12點(diǎn)。(強(qiáng)調(diào)直到12點(diǎn)學(xué)習(xí)才結(jié)束) She didnt go to bed until 12:00 last night.昨天晚上她直到12點(diǎn)才睡覺(jué)。(強(qiáng)調(diào)直到12點(diǎn)才開(kāi)始睡覺(jué)) 【溫馨提示】 當(dāng)until引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí),從句中常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí);用一般過(guò)去時(shí)代替過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。 1.有些學(xué)生直到考試來(lái)臨,才開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)。 Some students __wont__ study __until__ the tests e. 2.昨晚我們等到大雨停了。 Last night we __waited__ __until__ the heavy rain stopped. ( A )3.(xx武威中考改編)Never put off ______ tomorrow what you can do today. A.until B.before C.when invite的用法(教材八上P67) 【滿分點(diǎn)撥】 invite為動(dòng)詞,意為“邀請(qǐng),懇請(qǐng)”,常見(jiàn)搭配有: invite sb.to+場(chǎng)合(如party,concert等) invite sb.to+地點(diǎn)(如house,park等) invite sb.to do sth.邀請(qǐng)某人做某事 Jim invited me to his house.吉姆邀請(qǐng)我去他家。 Ill invite Lily to have dinner with me.我將邀請(qǐng)莉莉和我共進(jìn)晚餐。 【歸納拓展】 派生詞:invitation (n.)邀請(qǐng)。如: Thanks for your invitation.謝謝你的邀請(qǐng)。 1.Mary,thanks for __inviting__(invite) me to your wedding(婚禮).Wish you happy forever. 2.Yesterday,Lily received an __invitation__(invite) from Lucy to e for dinner. 3.I wont go to the party unless Im __invited__(invite). ( C )4.(xx天津中考改編)Harry invited me ______ with him when his parents were out of town. A.stay B.staying C.to stay 辨析accept與receive(教材八上P67) 【滿分點(diǎn)撥】 詞匯 詞義及用法 accept “接受”,主觀上愿意接受 receive “收到”,客觀上收到或拿到,但主觀上不一定會(huì)接受 【一言辨異】 I received his gift yesterday,but I dont want to accept it.昨天我收到了他的禮物,但是我不想接受它。 accept,receive 1.I dont know if I should __accept__ his invitation. 2.The champions of the Olympics can always __receive__ a warm wele when they return to the homeland. ( C )3.(2019預(yù)測(cè))—Could you please go to the movies with me tonight? —Id love to,but Ive ______ Peters invitation to a party. A.ordered B.received C.a(chǎn)ccepted 辨析reply與answer(教材八上P69) 【滿分點(diǎn)撥】 詞匯 詞義及用法 reply reply的用法比較正式,多用于對(duì)問(wèn)題作出解釋、辯論或陳述性回答。作名詞,意為“……的答復(fù)”;作動(dòng)詞,意為“答復(fù)……”,均需要與介詞to連用 answer answer為一般用語(yǔ),主要用于對(duì)問(wèn)題、職責(zé)等的回答,可直接接賓語(yǔ),也可表示對(duì)電話、敲門等動(dòng)作作出的應(yīng)答。作動(dòng)詞,意為“回答”;作名詞,意為“答案”,the answer to意為“……的答案” answer,reply 1.She sent me an email in__reply__. 2.The telephone is ringing.Could you please __answer__ the phone for me? hear的用法(教材八上P69) 【滿分點(diǎn)撥】 短語(yǔ)及用法 含義 例句 hear+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)(do/doing) 聽(tīng)到…… I hear a girl singing.我聽(tīng)到一個(gè)女孩在唱歌。 hear+賓語(yǔ)從句 聽(tīng)說(shuō)…… I heard that this medicine could cure cancer.我聽(tīng)說(shuō)這藥能治愈癌癥。 hear of sth./sb. 聽(tīng)說(shuō)某人/某物 Have you ever heard of the Great Wall?你曾聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)長(zhǎng)城嗎? hear from sb. 接到某人的信、電話等 I heard from my father last week.我上周收到我爸爸的來(lái)信。 hear,hear of,hear from 1.Its a great pleasure to __hear__from__ you. 2.Have you __heard______of__ Jeremy Lin,a ChineseAmerican basketball player in NBA? 3.I __hear__ that Jim will join the army after graduation. ( C )4.(熱點(diǎn)人物題)Have you ______ Danzengnima(旦增尼瑪)?He just won the champion of Sing!China xx(《中國(guó)好聲音xx》). A.heard B.heard from C.heard of advice的用法(教材八上P75) 【滿分點(diǎn)撥】 (1)advice意為“勸告;建議”,是不可數(shù)名詞,無(wú)復(fù)數(shù)形式,也不能直接與不定冠詞連用。 (2)表達(dá)數(shù)量時(shí)要借助于量詞:a/數(shù)詞+piece(s) of“一條/幾條建議”,如: a piece of advice 一條建議 two pieces of advice 兩條建議 【歸納拓展】 ask sb.for advice向某人征求意見(jiàn) give sb.advice on sth.就某事向某人提建議 take ones advice聽(tīng)取某人的建議 1.(貴陽(yáng)人文信息題)The mayor(市長(zhǎng)) of Guiyang came up with some useful __advice__(advice) on how to build a more beautiful city. ( B )2.Your______ is very helpful.I guess Ill take it. A.secret B.a(chǎn)dvice C.promise unless的用法(教材八上P77) 【滿分點(diǎn)撥】 (1)unless作連詞,意為“除非;如果不”;引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句,表達(dá)否定意義。 (2)unless引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句,主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí),從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 【溫馨提示】 unless可與if引導(dǎo)的否定的條件狀語(yǔ)從句進(jìn)行同義句轉(zhuǎn)換,即unless=if…not…。如: Well go hiking unless it rains tomorrow.=Well go hiking if it doesnt rain tomorrow.如果明天不下雨,我們將去遠(yuǎn)足。 ( B )1.(xx重慶中考B卷改編)Lots of people exercise every morning ______ bad weather stops them. A.if B.unless C.until 2.(社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)題)The last drop of water will be our tears unless we save water.(改為同義句) __If__ we __dont__ save water,the last drop of water will be our tears. prepare for為……做準(zhǔn)備 (教材八上P65) 【滿分點(diǎn)撥】 (1)prepare既可作及物動(dòng)詞,也可作不及物動(dòng)詞,其常見(jiàn)用法如下: (2)辨析prepare for與be ready for 詞組 用法 例句 prepare for 強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作,常用于進(jìn)行時(shí),表示正在準(zhǔn)備 Im preparing for the math test.我正在為這次數(shù)學(xué)測(cè)試做準(zhǔn)備。 be ready for 強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài),表示已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好 Im ready for the math test.我為這次數(shù)學(xué)測(cè)試做好了準(zhǔn)備。 ( C )1.(新信息題)Liu Shiwen(劉詩(shī)雯) is preparing ______ the xx ITTF World Tour. A.in B.on C.for 2.I am preparing__to__cook__(cook) dinner. 3.我為這次英語(yǔ)演講比賽做好了準(zhǔn)備。 I __am__ __ready__ __for__ the English speech contest. 隨堂知識(shí)鞏固 一、單項(xiàng)選擇。 ( A )1.(原創(chuàng)題)Yu Guangzhong lived and worked in Taiwan ______ his death.【考點(diǎn)?】 A.until B.when C.a(chǎn)fter ( C )2.(xx揚(yáng)州中考改編)—I offered Sandy a helping hand.However,she ______ it. —Maybe she can manage herself. A.received B.returned C.refused ( B )3.(xx宜賓中考)We all look forward to ______ you again soon. A.see B.seeing C.seen ( B )4.(xx孝感中考改編)—Miss Yang,are you______ this afternoon?Id like to ask you some questions. —Yes,I will wait for you in my office. A.a(chǎn)fraid B.a(chǎn)vailable C.a(chǎn)bsent ( C )5.(xx米泉中考改編)The river will bee dirtier and dirtier ______ we take action to protect it.【考點(diǎn)?】 A.since B.if C.unless ( A )6.I have to prepare______ the history test ______ Thursday.【考點(diǎn)?】 A.for;on B.a(chǎn)t;on C.for;in ( A )7.I will help my sister ______ the pet dog while she is away. A.look after B.look through C.look into ( B )8.(xx遂寧中考改編)If it ______ sunny,we ______ camping this weekend. A.get;will go B.gets;will go C.will get;go ( A )9.(xx齊齊哈爾中考)—Could you please give me some______ on how to learn English______?【考點(diǎn)?】 —Sure.Practice makes perfect. A.a(chǎn)dvice;well B.a(chǎn)dvice;good C.a(chǎn)dvices;well 二、根據(jù)語(yǔ)境或句意,用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。(對(duì)應(yīng)P38“詞匯攻關(guān)”) 1.To Kevins __surprise__(surprise),he found so many people playing beach volleyball in very hot weather. 2.He didnt do any __preparation__(prepare) for the exam,so he failed.- 1.請(qǐng)仔細(xì)閱讀文檔,確保文檔完整性,對(duì)于不預(yù)覽、不比對(duì)內(nèi)容而直接下載帶來(lái)的問(wèn)題本站不予受理。
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