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1、UNIT 5 I LIKE THE MUSIC THAT I CAN DANCE TOSection A及定語從句語法集中中考語法專題中考語法專題句子分類及賓語定語從句句子分類及賓語定語從句 I like the red apple.(簡(jiǎn)單句簡(jiǎn)單句)He prefers the apple that is green. (定語從句定語從句復(fù)合句復(fù)合句)I like the red apple and he prefers the green one. (并列句并列句)句子的分類:由句子結(jié)構(gòu)來講，可分為三類簡(jiǎn)單一、簡(jiǎn)單句：由一個(gè)主語(或并列主語)和一個(gè)謂語（或并列謂語）構(gòu)成的句子。 eg. We
2、 cleaned the windows and tidied the room. 二、并列句：由并列連詞and, but,so,or,for.unless等把兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的簡(jiǎn)單句連起來的句子。 eg. 1)I come from China and he comes from Japan. 2)Hurry up,or youll miss the train. 3)He looked for it everywhere, but he couldnt find it. 4)She didnt know the answer to the question,so she asked the
3、teacher. 5)Hes interested in music while John is interested in sports. 簡(jiǎn)單句型1. S+V 此句型的特點(diǎn)是：謂語動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞，本身能表達(dá)完整的意思，后面不需跟賓語，但有時(shí)可跟副詞、介詞短語等作狀語。如：He laughed.John has read widely.He lives in London.2. S+V+O 此句型的特點(diǎn)是：謂語動(dòng)詞是及物動(dòng)詞，不能表達(dá)完整的意思，必須跟有一個(gè)賓語。如：Our team beat all the others.3. S+V+P 此句型的特點(diǎn)是：謂語動(dòng)詞是連系動(dòng)詞，不能表達(dá)完整
4、的意思，必須加上一個(gè)表明主語特征、身份、狀態(tài)的表語。常見的系動(dòng)詞有：be（是）、become（成為）、get（變得）、turn（變得）、grow（變得）、look（看起來）、feel（感到）、smell（聞起來）、taste（嘗起來）、sound（聽起來）、seem（似乎）、keep（保持）、stay（保持）等。如：The rose smells sweet.4. S+V+INO+DO 此句型的特點(diǎn)是:謂語動(dòng)詞跟有兩個(gè)賓語，這兩個(gè)賓語都是動(dòng)作的對(duì)象或承受者，其中指人的是間接賓語，指物的是直接賓語。當(dāng)間接賓語放在直接賓語之后時(shí)，通常需要加介詞for或to。可跟雙賓語的動(dòng)詞有：answer,bri
5、ng,buy,find,get,give,lend,make,pass,pay,send,show,sing,take,teach,tell,write等。如：Mr. Li told us an interesting story. Would you please give this dictionary to Li Hua?5. S+V+O+OC此句型的特點(diǎn)是：謂語動(dòng)詞雖然跟有一個(gè)賓語，但意思還不完整，必須加上另外一個(gè)成分（賓語補(bǔ)足語）對(duì)賓語進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說明。可以用作賓語補(bǔ)足語的有：名詞、形容詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、分詞、介詞短語等。如：We must keep our school clean.
6、 They made him their monitor.三、復(fù)合句 A.賓語從句：賓語從句在復(fù)合句中作主句的賓語，引導(dǎo)賓語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有that, if/whether, what, who, whose, which, why, when, where, how等。 1、連接詞 1)由連接詞that引導(dǎo)陳述句，在口語中that常省略。 eg. He said that he would like to see the headmaster. 2)由連接詞whether/if引導(dǎo)一般疑問句，whether和if 常可互換，但下列場(chǎng)合一般用whether. 介詞后的賓語從句：Im thinki
7、ng of whether hell come. 與or not連用：I dont know whether I should go or not. 3)由連接代詞what,who(whom,whose)which或連接副詞when,where,why,how引導(dǎo)特殊疑問句。 eg. Do you know who/whom she is waiting for? 2、語序：不管賓語從句是陳述句、一般疑問句或特殊疑問句，都要用陳述句語序，也就是說主謂次序不能顛倒。連接詞主謂結(jié)構(gòu) (1).Bill wanted to know who did this. (2).I dont know what
8、s the matter with Bob? (3).I dont know whats wrong with them? 3、時(shí)態(tài)：一般說來，主從句時(shí)態(tài)要統(tǒng)一。如果主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句可根據(jù)需要用其它任何時(shí)態(tài)；如果主句是一般過去時(shí)，從句應(yīng)該用相應(yīng)的過去時(shí)態(tài)范疇（也就是用一般過去時(shí)，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，過去將來時(shí)，過去完成時(shí)）。 eg.Lily wanted to know whether her grandma liked the handbag. I asked the teacher where we would have the meeting. Could you tell me how
9、I can get to the zoo? 如果從句表明的是一個(gè)客觀事實(shí)或真理，那么無論主句是什么時(shí)態(tài)，從句都只能用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。eg. The teacher told us that light travels much faster than sound. 注意：在think后的賓語從句，如果需要表示否定意義，一般不在賓語從句中否定，而是在主句中否定。 eg. I dont think that English is easy. I think that English is not easy. 定語從句是由關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的從句，其作用是作定語修飾主句的某個(gè)成分，定語從句分為限定性
10、和非限定性從句兩種。狀語從句分為時(shí)間狀語從句，結(jié)果狀語從句，讓步狀語從句，原因狀語從句，條件狀語從句以及行為方式狀語從句。名詞從句包括主語從句，賓語從句，表語從句和同位語從句及there be句型。 1. that即可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它們?cè)趶木渲凶髦髡Z或賓語，that在從句中作賓語時(shí)?？墒÷躁P(guān)系詞，which在從句中作賓語則不能省略。而且，如果which在從句中作“不及物動(dòng)詞介詞”的介詞的賓語，注意介詞不要丟掉，而且介詞總是放在關(guān)系代詞which的前邊，但有的則放在它原來的位置 2. which作賓語時(shí)，根據(jù)先行詞與定語從句之間的語義關(guān)系，先行詞與which之間的介詞不
11、能丟 3. 代表物時(shí)多用which，但在帶有下列詞的句子中用that而不用which，這些詞包括不定詞、最高級(jí)、序數(shù)詞及受only修飾等，這時(shí)的that常被省略 4. who和whom引導(dǎo)的從句用來修飾人，分別作從句中的主語和賓語，whom作賓語時(shí)，要注意它可以作動(dòng)詞的賓語也可以作介詞的賓語 5. where是關(guān)系副詞，用來表示地點(diǎn)的定語從句 6. when引導(dǎo)定語從句表示時(shí)間 please read aloud I prefer music that has great lyrics. 先行詞先行詞 關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞 I love music that can sing along with
12、.I like music that isnt too loud.I like music that I can dance to.PAIRWORK OF PART1CA: What kind of music do you like?B: I like music that I can sing along with. What about you?A: I prefer music that has great lyrics.I like the music that is played by thesaxjazz drumguitarviolinpianolooks coolgive m
13、oney to the poor. has a gentle voice is also an actora singer-What kind of singer do you like?-I like the singer who looks cool.-I like the singer who gives money to the poor .-I like the singer who has a gentle voice . -I love the singer who is also an actor.Oral practice: 定語從句例句進(jìn)一步解析定語從句例句進(jìn)一步解析： 1
14、) The girl who is standing there is Mary. 可用可用who或或that來指人，在從句中作主語。來指人，在從句中作主語。2) The man (that ) he saw in the street is my teacher.可用可用that或或who或或whom來指人，在從句中作來指人，在從句中作賓語，可以省略。賓語，可以省略。3) The book (which )he bought is interesting.可用可用which或或that指物，在從句中作賓語，可以指物，在從句中作賓語，可以省略。省略。 放在先行詞的后面，起連詞作用。本身又作放在
15、先行詞的后面，起連詞作用。本身又作從句中的主語、賓語、定語等。從句中的主語、賓語、定語等。1.關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞that 指人指人/物，作主語或賓語。物，作主語或賓語。2.who指人指人,作主語或賓語。作主語或賓語。3.which指物指物,作主語或賓語。作主語或賓語。4.作賓語時(shí)，作賓語時(shí)，that, who, which都可省略。都可省略。which/that(which/that)(who/that) (1)These are the treeswere plantedlast year. (2)The carhe is using ismade in China.(3)Is this th
16、e manyou met yesterday?(4)Is this the musicianyou like best?(that/ who)鞏固練習(xí)鞏固練習(xí)：填入關(guān)系代詞：填入關(guān)系代詞that, which ,who 1.The boy is Tom. The boy is smiling. The boy who/that is smiling is Tom. The girlthat/who has a round face is Kate. 2.The girl is Kate . She has a round face. 3.He is the man. I told you about him. He is the man who/that I told you about. 鞏固練習(xí)鞏固練習(xí)：以劃線的句子為定語組成一個(gè)定語從句：以劃線的句子為定語組成一個(gè)定語從句 4.The man is kind. Everyone likes him. The man (who/that) everyone likes is kind. The woman (whom/that) we saw on the street got the job. 5.The woman got the job. We saw her on the street. Good bye!
天津市大港區(qū)中考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) 語法專題 句子分類及定語在、賓語從句課件
