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牛津8B Unit 2重點詞匯解析
江蘇 李建高
1. for example / such as
【辨析】從結(jié)構(gòu)上看，for example與后面常用逗號隔開，而such as則不用。從用法上看，for example是舉例說明，所舉的例子一般是同類人或物中的“一個”，作為插入語，也可以是句子。而such as中由于as是介詞，后面接名詞或名詞性短語，往往是同類人或物中的幾個。從位置上來說，for example的位置較靈活，可位于句首、句中或句末。而such as只能位于名詞或名詞性短語的前面。如：
For example, twice two is equal to f
2、our. 例如，二加二等于四。
Many great people, for example, Lincoln, have risen from poverty.
= Many great people have risen from poverty, Lincoln, for example. 許多偉人從貧苦中崛起，如林肯。
Sally likes fruits very much, such as apples, oranges and strawberries. 薩莉非常喜歡水果，例如蘋果、橘子和草莓。
【練一練】用for example或such as填空。
⑴ I like
3、 most ball games, ______ football, basketball, volleyball, and so on.
⑵ Noise, ______, is a kind of pollution.
2. exciting / excited / excitement
【辨析】三個詞都是由動詞excite派生出來的。excited和exciting是形容詞，前者意為“激動的，興奮的”，一般用人作主語，后者意為“使人激動的，令人興奮的”，一般以物作主語。excitement為名詞，意為“激動，興奮”。如：
The children were excited abou
4、t visiting the Science Museum. 參觀科技博物館使孩子們很激動。
It is the most exciting football match that I have ever watched. 它是我曾經(jīng)看過的最使人激動的足球比賽。
The old man told us about his past with excitement. 那個老人激動地告訴我們關(guān)于他的過去。
【練一練】用excited, exciting或excitement填空。
⑴ How ______ it is to enjoy the beautiful view of the c
5、ountry!
⑵ The good news brought us great ______.
⑶ The ______ people cheered up when the stars appeared on the stage(舞臺).
3. harm
【解析】harm作不可數(shù)名詞，意為“傷害”。do harm to sb. / sth. 表示“對……造成傷害”。harm也可作動詞，意為“傷害；損害”。如：
Reading in bed will do harm to your eyes. 躺在床上看書對你的眼睛有害。
Hot water will harm the plan
6、ts. 熱水會傷害植物。
harm的形容詞形式為harmful (有害的)，其反義詞是harmless (無害的)，可構(gòu)成短語be harmful / harmless to sb. / sth. (對……有害 / 無害)。如：
Fruit juices can be harmful to children’s teeth. 果汁可能損壞兒童的牙齒。
These insects are harmless to the crops. 這些昆蟲對農(nóng)作物無害。
【練一練】根據(jù)提示，完成下列各題。
⑴ Too much rain is ______ to crops.
A. harm
7、 B. harmless
C. harmful D. harmfully
⑵ 吸煙對你的健康危害很大。
Smoking ______ great ______ ______ your health.
4. mean / meaning / meaningful / meaningless
【辨析】mean是動詞，意為“意味著；意思是”，常在句中作謂語；meaning是名詞，意為“意義；意思”，常在句中作賓語或表語；meaningful是形容詞，意為“有意義的”，常在句中作定語和表語；meaningless也是形容詞，意為“無意義的”，與meaningful互為反義詞，
8、常在句中作定語和表語。如：
What does the word mean? 這個詞是什么意思？
I don’t understand the meaning of that paragraph. 我不能理解那段話的意思。
Reading the story to the baby is meaningful, though the story itself is meaningless. 雖然這個故事本身沒什么意義，但給嬰兒讀這個故事是有意義的。
【練一練】用mean的正確形式完成句子。
⑴ What is the ______ of this word?
⑵ Do you __
9、____ that you are interested in Maths?
⑶ Copying(抄) these words is ______. Let’s stop doing it.
⑷ I think the article is very ______, and I’m fond of it.
5. experience
【解析】experience作可數(shù)名詞，意思是“經(jīng)歷”；作不可數(shù)名詞，意思是“經(jīng)驗”。如：
Our journey by camel was quite a fantastic experience. 我們騎駱駝旅行是一次非常奇妙的經(jīng)歷。
He wro
10、te his book from his own experiences. 他以個人經(jīng)歷寫成了這本書。
Have you had any experience in teaching English? 你有教英語的經(jīng)驗嗎？
experience還可作動詞，意為“經(jīng)歷；體驗”等。如：
The Red Army experienced all kinds of difficulties. 紅軍經(jīng)歷了各種困難。
We have all experienced what hardships mean. 我們都親身體驗過艱苦二字的意義。
【練一練】根據(jù)漢語提示，完成句子。
⑴ 對他來說，這次
11、地震是一次非常難忘的經(jīng)歷。
The earthquake is quite ______ ______ ______ for him.
⑵ 我從沒經(jīng)歷過在雨中漫步。
I ______ never ______ ______ walking in the rain.
6. programme
【解析】programme可用作名詞或動詞。用作名詞時，意為“節(jié)目；(演出或活動)程序；計劃”等。如：
Did you see that programme about India last night? 昨晚你看了關(guān)于印度的那個節(jié)目了嗎？
What is your program
12、me for today? 今天你有些什么計劃？
【練一練】根據(jù)漢語提示，完成句子。
今晚電視上會有一個有趣的節(jié)目。
There will be ______ ______ ______ on the television tonight.
7. abroad
【解析】abroad常作副詞，放在動詞的后面，意為“到國外，在國外”。at home and abroad表示“在國內(nèi)外”。如：
Are you going abroad for your holiday? 你打算去國外度假嗎？
My uncle has been living abroad for more than t
13、en years. 我的叔叔在國外住了十幾年了。
The Chinese Kung Fu is popular both at home and abroad. 中國功夫在國內(nèi)外都很流行。
abroad還可作名詞，意為“異國；海外”，多與介詞from連用。如：
They have just returned from abroad. 他們剛從國外回來。
【練一練】根據(jù)漢語提示，完成句子。
瑪麗下個月將要出國留學(xué)。
Mary will ______ ______ next month.
8. check
【解析】check作動詞，意為“核實，查明”。check in表示“(在旅館
14、、機(jī)場等) 登記；報到”；check out表示“結(jié)賬離開”；check up on表示“查證，核實”。如：
Please check it and sign here. 請核對一下，在這里簽個字。
You must check in an hour before the plane leaves. 你必須在飛機(jī)起飛前一小時辦理登機(jī)手續(xù)。
Guests should check out of their rooms by noon. 客人必須在中午以前辦理退房手續(xù)。
I need to check up on a few things before I decide. 在做決定前，我得
15、核實幾件事情。
check也可作名詞，意思是“檢查”。如：
Could you give the tyres a check? 你能檢查一下輪胎嗎？
【練一練】根據(jù)提示，完成句子。
⑴ After enjoying the delicious dinner, we ______ from the restaurant.
A. checked in
B. checked out
C. check up on
D. have checked out
⑵ 我已經(jīng)核對了你的答案，全部正確。
I ______ ______ your answers an
16、d all of them are correct.
牛津8B Unit 2重點詞語解析
1. ⑴ such as ⑵ for example 2. ⑴ exciting ⑵ excitement ⑶ excited 3. ⑴ C ⑵ does; harm to 4. ⑴ meaning ⑵ mean ⑶ meaningless ⑷ meaningful 5. ⑴ an unforgettable experience ⑵ have; experienced of 6. an interesting programme 7. study abroad 8. ⑴ B ⑵ have checked
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牛津8B Unit 2重點詞匯解析
