2020版高考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí) Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars課時(shí)作業(yè)（含解析）新人教版必修3.docx

《2020版高考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí) Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars課時(shí)作業(yè)（含解析）新人教版必修3.docx》由會(huì)員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《2020版高考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí) Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars課時(shí)作業(yè)（含解析）新人教版必修3.docx（5頁(yè)珍藏版）》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

Unit4 Astronomy the science of the stars Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A HumanbeingsareinforadoubletreatinJanuarywiththeappearanceoftwosupermoons.ThefirstonerisesonthenightofNewYear??sDay.Thesecondcomesonthelastnightofthemonth,endingupwithalunareclipse(月食).Thatistheendofatrilogy(三部曲)ofbigmoontreatsthatbeganinDec.3withafullcoldmoon.TheJan.1supermoonwillbethebiggestoftheyear.Themoonwillappeartobeoversizedforafewnightsafterthat,thoughitwillnolongerbeafullmoon. Asupermoonisafullmoonthatappearsattheclosestpointinthemoon??sorbittoEarth,about14percentlargerand30percentbrighterthanfullmoonsthatappearatthefarthestpointintheorbit.Supermoonshangaroundallnight,areeasytoseeandarenotdamagingtotheeyes,nomatterhowlongyougazeatthemoon. ForthosewhomaymissthenightofJan.1,anevenmorecharmingsupermoonwillriseonthenightofJan.31.Thatwillbethesecondfullmoonofthemonth,whichisusuallycalleda “bluemoon” becauseadoublefull-moonmonthoccursessentiallyonceinabluemoon—aboutevery2.5years.Abluemoonisevenrarerwhenit??sasupermoon.Butthatwon??tbetheonlyraritythatnight.Thesuperbluemoonwillalsooccurduringatotallunareclipse.Ifskiesareclear,thetotaleclipsewillbevisiblefromeasternAsiaacrossthePacificOceantowesternNorthAmerica. Lunareclipsesmakemoonsappearblood-redbecauseofthewaytheblockedsunlightbends,whenEarthmovesbetweenthesunandthemoon,blockingthesun??slightfromreflectingoffthemoon.Soprepareyourselfforthesuperbluebloodmoononthenightofthelunareclipse.Togetthefulleffectofthelunareclipse,watchatmoonset. 1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword “That” inParagraph1referto? A.Thelunareclipse. B.TheNewYear??sDay. C.ThesupermoonofJan.31. D.Thebiggestsupermoon. 2.WhatcanwelearnaboutthesupermoononJan.31fromthetext? A.Itwillbeasuperbluemoon. B.Itwillbeginwithalunareclipse. C.Itwillbeobservedallovertheworld. D.Itwillbethebiggestmoonoftheyear. 3.WhatdoestheauthoradviseobserverstodoaboutthelunareclipseonJan.31? A.Watchitwhenthemoonsets. B.Decidethespotfirstwhentheywatchit. C.Filmthewholelunareclipsewithmobilephones. D.Preparesunglassesbecausethemoonistoobright. 4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext? A.DoubleNewYearsupermoons B.Thedefinitionofasupermoon C.Supermoonswithalunareclipse D.Therarityofthebluesupermoon B “It??sreallyabreakthrough,” saidBritishscientistGuillemaboutthediscoveryofaplanet “moreorless” likeEarththatisorbitingProximaCentauri,thestarnearesttooursolarsystem. Proximab,or “EarthⅡ”asyoucouldcallit,isalittlebiggerthanourEarth,anditsyearsonlytake11days.Also,sinceitissomuchclosertoitsreddwarf(矮星)starthanwearetothesun,theskyonitsworldisorangewithoutanyblueatall,creatingaforeversunseteffect. Therearealotofquestionsforlifeformsthatcouldliveonthisnewplanet.AstheChicagoTribunewrote: “Doyouhavepoetry?Superheroes?Television?Diets?Meanbosses?Doyouhaveanyinterestinvisitingotherworlds?Ifso,putEarthonyourMust-Seelist.” ThediscoveryoftheplanetmadeuswonderifanyonehadseenorheardofthespacepostcardsfromPioneer10andPioneer11spaceprobes(探測(cè)器),sentupintospacein1972andthenextyear.Togetherwiththeprobeswerepicturesofamanandawoman,alongwithdiagramsofthesolarsystem.GoldrecordsweresentupintospaceonVoyagerprobesin1977.Ifaliens(外星人)onProximabhadplayedtherecords,theywouldhavefoundhumanvoicesandpicturesthatshowedtherichdiversityofEarth. ItmightnotbetimetoplanavisittoProximabjustyet—evenifithasanatmosphere—asfirst,wewouldneedtoinventawaytogetthereinlessthanthe78,000yearsitwouldtakeat36,000mph. “ProximablookstouslikeapromisingPlanetB,justincasethingsgoreallysouthonthisblueplanet,” theChicagoTribunewrote. 5.WhatdoweknowaboutProximab? A.Ithasanorangesky. B.Itisclosertothesun. C.Ithasnosunrise. D.ItisaslargeasEarth. 6.WhatcouldbefoundonthegoldrecordssentupbyVoyagerprobesin1977? A.Picturesofacouple. B.Mapsofthesolarsystem. C.Recordedsounds. D.Severalpostcards. 7.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphprobablymean? A.Earthmovestothesouth. B.ProximabgetsclosertoEarth. C.Situationchangesfavourably. D.ConditionsonEarthgetworse. 8.WhatwastheattitudeoftheChicagoTribunetowardsthediscoveryoftheplanet? A.Excited. B.Worried. C.Uninterested. D.Proud. Ⅱ.語(yǔ)法填空 閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 ThecarrierrocketsentaShenzhou11spacecraft(航天器)withastronautsChenDongandJingHaipengintospace.TherocketwasfiredfromtheJiuquanSatelliteLaunchCentre1.　　　　theGobidesert.AftertwodaysinEarth??sorbit,thespacecraft2.　　　　(be)tolinkupwithChina??sspacelaboratory,calledtheTiangong-2,3.　　　　namemeans“HeavenlyPalace2”.Thelab4.　　　　(place)intoorbitlastmonth. Theastronautswillspend30daysontheTiangong-2.Theyplantoperform5.　　　　(science)andspacecraft-relatedexperimentsandtestsystemsforafuturespacestation.In6.　　　　words,theTiangong-2laboratorywillnotbepartofthatspacestation.Itsmaingoalistopractisethetechniquesandthe7.　　　　(technology)thatwillbe8.　　　　(use)tobuildandoperatethatfinalspacestation. ItispredictedthattheChinesespacestationwillbebuiltmostlybymachines.Chinahopestohavethespacestation9.　　　　(complete)by2022anditisexpectedtooperateforatleast10years. Chinaalsoplanstolandaprobe(探測(cè)器)onMarsby2020.Untilnow,Chinahascompletedatotaloffivemannedspacemissions.And,in2003,it10.　　　　(successful)landedaprobeonthemoon. Ⅲ.短文改錯(cuò) ThereistoomanypeopleandtoomanypollutiononEarth.Ifwemovedtothemoononeday,howwouldlifebelikethere? Inmyopinion,lifewouldbemuchmorecomfortonthemoonthanonEarth.Therewouldbenopollutionandnotrafficjam.Wecouldgowhereverwelikeinoneminutebythespaceship,whichwouldbemuchfastthanatrainoranairplane.Wewouldeatwhateveryoulikewithoutbeingconcernedunhealthyingredients.ThisisaplacewhereIamalwaysdreamingabout. 課時(shí)作業(yè)(十四) Ⅰ. A 【文章大意】 本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,主要介紹了新年超級(jí)月亮。 1.C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第三句“The second comes on the last night of the month, ending up with a lunar eclipse (月食).”和第三段第一句“For those who may miss the night of Jan. 1, an even more charming supermoon will rise on the night of Jan. 31.”可推知,此處的that是指1月31號(hào)的超級(jí)月亮,故選C。 2.A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“That will be the second full moon of the month, which is usually called a ‘blue moon’ because a double full-moon month occurs essentially once in a blue moon—about every 2.5 years.”可知,1月31號(hào)的超級(jí)月亮是藍(lán)月亮,故選A。 3.A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段最后兩句“So prepare yourself for the super blue blood moon on the night of the lunar eclipse. To get the full effect of the lunar eclipse, watch at moonset.”可知,作者建議在1月31號(hào)月亮落下時(shí)觀看月食,故選A。 4.A　標(biāo)題概括題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“Human beings are in for a double treat in January with the appearance of two supermoons.”開(kāi)篇點(diǎn)題,并結(jié)合對(duì)全文的整體理解可推知,本文主要講的是兩個(gè)新年超級(jí)月亮,故選A。 B 【文章大意】 本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,主要講述了科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)了Proxima b星球,Proxima b星球與地球的情況非常相似。 5.A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“…the sky on its world is orange without any blue at all…”可知,Proxima b星球有著橙色的天空,故選A。 6.C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段最后兩句“Gold records were sent up into space on Voyager probes in 1977. If aliens (外星人) on Proxima b had played the records, they would have found human voices and pictures that showed the rich diversity of Earth.”可推斷出gold records里有錄制好的聲音,故選C。 7.D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“‘Proxima b looks to us like a promising Planet B, just in case things go really south on this blue planet,’ the Chicago Tribune wrote.”這句話(huà)的意思是Proxima b是一個(gè)有潛力的星球,萬(wàn)一地球上的情況變?cè)愀饽?故選D。 8.A　觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。最后一段最后一句“‘Proxima b looks to us like a promising Planet B, just in case things go really south on this blue planet,’ the Chicago Tribune wrote.”可知Chicago Tribune認(rèn)為Proxima b是一個(gè)有潛力的星球,以防地球上的情況變?cè)愀?所以Chicago Tribune對(duì)于發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)星球非常激動(dòng),故選A。 Ⅱ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,主要介紹了中國(guó)的太空實(shí)驗(yàn)室“天宮2號(hào)”的情況。 1.in　考查介詞。酒泉衛(wèi)星發(fā)射中心地處戈壁灘,表示在某地,故用介詞in。 2.was　考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。與上文was fired呼應(yīng)可知,事情發(fā)生在過(guò)去,故用一般過(guò)去時(shí),即was。 3.whose　考查定語(yǔ)從句。whose引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,在從句中作定語(yǔ),修飾先行詞Tiangong-2。 4.was placed　考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。與語(yǔ)境last month呼應(yīng)可知,事情發(fā)生在過(guò)去,且place和句子主語(yǔ)the lab構(gòu)成邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 5.scientific　考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。scientific是形容詞,在句子中作定語(yǔ),修飾名詞experiments。 6.other　考查固定搭配。in other words意為“換句話(huà)說(shuō)”,符合語(yǔ)境,故用other。 7.technologies　考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。與語(yǔ)境the techniques 呼應(yīng)可知,此處用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式作賓語(yǔ)。 8.useful　考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,此處是形容詞作表語(yǔ),故填useful。 9.completed　考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。have sth done意為“使某事完成”,符合語(yǔ)境,故用過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。 10.successfully　考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。副詞修飾動(dòng)詞、副詞、形容詞或者整個(gè)句子,在句子中作狀語(yǔ),故用副詞successfully修飾動(dòng)詞landed。 Ⅲ.There is too many people and too many pollution on Earth. If we moved to the moon one day, how ┬what ┬are ┬much would life be like there? In my opinion, life would be much more comfort on the moon than on Earth. There would be no ┬comfortable pollution and no traffic jam. We could go wherever we like in one minute by the spaceship, which would be ┬jams much fast than a train or an airplane. We would eat whatever you like without being concerned ∧┬about unhealthy ┬faster ┬we ingredients. This is a place where 或 where I am always dreaming about. ┬(that"/" which)