2018年高考英語二輪復習 第一部分 閱讀理解篇 專題1 閱讀理解 第2講 推理判斷類練案

《2018年高考英語二輪復習 第一部分 閱讀理解篇 專題1 閱讀理解 第2講 推理判斷類練案》由會員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關《2018年高考英語二輪復習 第一部分 閱讀理解篇 專題1 閱讀理解 第2講 推理判斷類練案（25頁珍藏版）》請在裝配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、 專題一　閱讀理解 第二講　推理判斷類 真題驗證 題　　組　　一 　　　　 (2017·全國Ⅲ，B) Minutes after the last movie ended yesterday at the Plaza Theater, employees were busy sweeping up popcorns and gathering coke cups. It was a scene that had been repeated many times in the theater's 75－year history. This time, however, th

2、e cleanup was a little different. As one group of workers carried out the rubbish, another group began removing seats and other theater equipment in preparation for the building's end. The film classic The Last Picture Show was the last movie shown in the old theater. Though the movie is 30 years o

3、ld, most of the 250 seats were filled with teary－eyed audience wanting to say good－bye to the old building. Theater owner Ed Bradford said he chose the movie because it seemed appropriate. The movie is set in a small town where the only movie theater is preparing to close down. Bradford said that l

4、arge modern theaters in the city made it impossible for the Plaza to compete. He added that the theater's location(位置) was also a reason. “This used to be the center of town，”he said.“ Now the area is mostly office buildings and warehouses.” Last week some city officials suggested the city might be

5、 interested in turning the old theater into a museum and public meeting place. However, these plans were abandoned because of financial problems. Bradford sold the building and land to a local development firm, which plans to build a shopping complex on the land where the theater is located. The th

6、eater audience said good－bye as Bradford locked the doors for the last time. After 75 years the Plaza Theater had shown its last movie. The theater will be missed. 文章大意：本文講述的是擁有75年歷史的廣場劇院在放映完最后一部電影后即將關閉以及市民對它的不舍之情。 ?　In what way was yesterday's cleanup at the Plaza special？____B____ A．It made roo

7、m for new equipment. B．It signaled the closedown of the theater. C．It was done with the help of the audience. D．It marked the 75th anniversary of the theate. 解析：考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段的最后一句“As one group of workers carried out the rubbish，another group began removing seats and other theater equipment in pre

8、paration for the building's end”可推斷出，工人們清理垃圾和清除座位及其他劇院設備是在為劇院的關閉作準備。故選B。 ?　Why was The Last Picture Show put on？____D____ A．It was an all－time classic. B．It was about the history of the town. C．The audience requested it. D．The theater owner found it suitable. 解析：考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Theater owner Ed

9、 Bradford said he chose the movie because it seemed appropriate”可知，劇院的老板親自選定了The Last Picture Show這部電影，因為他認為這部電影很適合。原文中的“appropriate”和D選項的“suitable”都表示“合適的”。故選D。 ?　What will probably happen to the building？____C____ A．It will be repaired. B．It will be turned into a museum. C．It will be knocked d

10、own. D．It will be sold to the city government. 解析：考查推理判斷。第四段最后一句說劇院被賣給了當?shù)氐拈_發(fā)公司，該公司計劃在劇院所在地建綜合購物大樓，因此可推斷出劇院將被推倒拆除。故選C。 ?　What can we infer about the audience？____B____ A．They are disappointed with Bradford. B．They are sad to part with the old theater. C．They are supportive of the city officials

11、. D．They are eager to have a shopping center. 解析：考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段第二句“Though the movie is 30 years old，most of the 250 seats were filled with teary－eyed audience wanting to say good－bye to the old building”可知，觀眾含淚觀看最后一部電影，想向劇院告別；再結合最后一段最后一句“The theater will be missed”可以推斷出觀眾對劇院戀戀不舍，與劇院告別讓他們感到很悲傷。故選B。

12、　　　　 (2017·全國Ⅲ，C) After years of heated debate, gray wolves were reintroduced to Yellowstone National Park. Fourteen wolves were caught in Canada and transported to the park. By last year, the Yellowstone wolf population had grown to more than 170 wolves. Gray wolves once were seen here and

13、there in the Yellowstone area and much of the continental United States, but they were gradually __displaced__ by human development. By the 1920s, wolves had practically disappeared from the Yellowstone area. They went farther north into the deep forests of Canada, where there were fewer humans arou

14、nd. The disappearance of the wolves had many unexpected results. Deer and elk populations——major food sources(來源) for the wolf——grew rapidly. These animals consumed large amounts of vegetation (植被), which reduced plant diversity in the park. In the absence of'wolves, coyote populations also gr

15、ew quickly. The coyotes killed a large percentage of the park's red foxes, and completely drove away the park's beavers. As early as 1966, biologists asked the government to consider reintroducing wolves to Yellowstone Park. They hoped that wolves would be able to control the elk and coyote problem

16、s. Many farmers opposed the plan because they feared that wolves would kill their farm animals or pets. The government spent nearly 30 years coming up with a plan to reintroduce the wolves. The U．S. Fish and Wildlife Service carefully monitors and manages the wolf packs in Yellowstone. Today, the d

17、ebate continues over how well the gray wolf is fitting in at Yellowstone. Elk, deer, and coyote populations are down, while beavers and red foxes have made a comeback. The Yellowstone wolf project has been a valuable experiment to help biologists decide whether to reintroduce wolves to other parts o

18、f the country as well. 文章大意：本文是一篇說明文。在爭議了幾年之后黃石國家公園終于把灰狼重新引入公園，以保持公園內(nèi)生態(tài)的平衡。 ?　What is the text mainly about？____D____ A．Wildlife research in the United States. B．Plant diversity in the Yellowstone area. C．The conflict between farmers and gray wolves. D．The reintroduction of wolves to Yellowsto

19、ne Park. 解析：考查主旨大意。縱觀全文可知，本文主要談了將灰狼重新引入黃石國家公園的原因以及這一舉措的成效等，故選D。 ?　What does the underlined word“ displaced” in paragraph 2 mean？____C____ A．Tested.　　　　　　　　　 B．Separated. C．Forced out. 　　 D．Tracked down. 解析：考查詞義猜測。由第二段第一句話可知，曾經(jīng)黃石公園里有灰狼，下文提到但后來由于人類的發(fā)展灰狼數(shù)量逐漸減少，幾乎消失了，因此可以推出，displac

20、ed意為“被迫離開”，故選C。 ?　What did the disappearance of gray wolves bring about？____A____ A．Damage to local ecology. B．A decline in the park's income. C．Preservation of vegetation. D．An increase in the variety of animals. 解析：考查推理判斷。第三段提到由于灰狼的消失，鹿和麋鹿的數(shù)量快速增長，消耗了大量的植被，減少了植物

21、種類同時叢林狼的數(shù)量增多，園內(nèi)很多的紅狐被獵殺，而河貍也完全消失了，由此推斷出灰狼的消失對公園內(nèi)的生態(tài)環(huán)境產(chǎn)生了損害。故選A。 ?　What is the author's attitude towards the Yellowstone wolf project？____B____ A．Doubtful. 　　 B．Positive. C．Disapproving. 　　 D．Uncaring. 解析：考查觀點態(tài)度。根據(jù)第五段最后一句中的“a valuable experiment”可知，作者認為這項工程很有價值，因此他的

22、態(tài)度應當是積極肯定的。故選B。 　　　　 (2017·北京，C) Measles(麻疹), which once killed 450 children each year and disabled even more, was nearly wiped out in the United States 14 years ago by the universal use of the MMR vaccine(疫苗). But the disease is making a comeback, caused by a growing anti－vaccine movement and mi

23、sinformation that is spreading quickly. Already this year, 115 measles cases have been reported in the USA, compared with 189 for all of last year. The numbers might sound small, but they are the leading edge of a dangerous trend. When vaccination rates are very high, as they still are in the natio

24、n as a whole, everyone is protected. This is called“ herd immunity”， which protects the people who get hurt easily, including those who can't be vaccinated for medical reasons, babies too young to get vaccinated and people on whom the vaccine doesn't work. But herd immunity works only when nearly t

25、he whole herd joins in. When some refuse vaccination and seek a free ride, immunity breaks down and everyone is in even bigger danger. That's exactly what is happening in small neighborhoods around the country from Orange County, California, where 22 measles cases were reported this month, to Brook

26、lyn, N．Y., where a 17－year－old caused an outbreak last year. The resistance to vaccine has continued for decades, and it is driven by a real but very small risk. Those who refuse to take that risk selfishly make others suffer. Making things worse are state laws that make it too easy to opt out(決定不

27、參加)of what are supposed to be required vaccines for all children entering kindergarten. Seventeen states allow parents to get an exemption (豁免), sometimes just by signing a paper saying they personally object to a vaccine. Now, several states are moving to tighten laws by adding new regulations for

28、 opting out. But no one does enough to limit exemptions. Parents ought to be able to opt out only for limited medical or religious reasons. But personal opinions? Not good enough. Everyone enjoys the life－saving benefits vaccines provide, but they'll exist only as long as everyone shares in the ris

29、ks. 文章大意：這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了近年來曾經(jīng)致命且?guī)缀跸Я说穆檎罹硗林貋怼＞科湓颍巧贁?shù)人拒絕注射疫苗，導致了自己及其他人的健康受損。作者呼吁人人都應該注射麻疹疫苗。 ?　The first two paragraphs suggest that ____A____. A．a(chǎn) small number of measles cases can start a dangerous trend B．the outbreak of measles attracts the public attention C．a(chǎn)nti－vaccine movement has its med

30、ical reasons D．information about measles spreads quickly 解析：考查推理判斷。根據(jù)前兩段的內(nèi)容，尤其是第二段中的“The numbers might sound small，but they are the leading edge of a dangerous trend”可知，少量的麻疹病例卻能引起危險的趨勢。故選A。 　Herd immunity works well when ____C____. A．exemptions are allowed B．several vaccines a

31、re used together C．the whole neighborhood is involved in D．new regulations are added to the state laws 解析：考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“But herd immunity works only when nearly the whole herd joins in”可知，只有在大家都參加疫苗接種的情況下群體免疫力才有作用。故選C。 　What is the main reason for the comeback of measles？____D____ A．The overus

32、e of vaccine. B．The lack of medical care. C．The features of measles itself. D．The vaccine opt－outs of some people. 解析：考查推理判斷。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容，尤其是第一段和第六段中的“Making things worse are state laws that make it too easy to opt out(決定不參加)of what are supposed to be required vaccines for a

33、ll children entering kindergarten”可知，麻疹死灰復燃的主要原因是一些人不參加疫苗接種。故選D。 　What is the purpose of the passage？____C____ A．To introduce the idea of exemption. B．To discuss methods to cure measles. C．To stress the importance of vaccination. D．To appeal for equal rights in medical treatment. 解析：考查寫作意圖。

34、根據(jù)最后一段中的“Everyone enjoy the life－saving benefits vaccines provide，but they'll exist only as long as everyone shares in the risks”并結合文中所述的麻疹死灰復燃的事實可知，作者的目的是強調(diào)麻疹疫苗接種的重要性。故選C。 　　　　 (2017·浙江，C) FLORENCE, Italy—Svetlana Cojochru feels hurt. The Moldovan has lived here seven years as a caregiver to Ita

35、lian kids and the elderly, but in order to stay she's had to prove her language skills by taking a test which requires her to write a postcard to an imaginary friend and answer a fictional job ad. Italy is the latest Western European country trying to control a growing immigrant(移民) population by d

36、emanding language skills in exchange for work permits, or in some cases, citizenship. Some immigrant advocates worry that as hard financial times make it more difficult for natives to keep jobs, such measures will become more a vehicle for intolerance than integration(融合). Others say it's only natu

37、ral that newcomers learn the language of their host nation, seeing it as a condition to ensure they can contribute to society. Other European countries laid down a similar requirement for immigrants, and some terms are even tougher. The governments argue that this will help foreigners better join t

38、he society and promote understanding across cultures. Italy, which has a much weaker tradition of immigration, has witnessed a sharp increase in immigration in recent years. In 1990, immigrants numbered some 1.14 million out of Italy's then 56.7 million people, or about 2 percent. At the start of t

39、his year, foreigners living in Italy amounted to 4.56 million of a total population of 60.6 million, or 7.5 percent, with immigrants' children accounting for an even larger percentage of births in Italy. Cojochru, the Moldovan caregiver, hoped obtaining permanent residence(居住權) would help her bring

40、 her two children to Italy; they live with her sister in Moldova, where salaries are among the lowest in Europe. She was skeptical that the language requirement would encourage integration. Italians always “see me as a foreigner，” an outsider, even though she's stayed in the country for years and c

41、an speak the local language fluently, she said. 文章大意：本文是一篇議論文?？萍s卡魯在意大利佛羅倫薩打工已經(jīng)七年了，但為了繼續(xù)待在這里她不得不通過考試來證明自己的語言技能——近幾年意大利的外來移民越來越多，政府認為讓外來移民參加語言考試，是為了幫助他們更好地融入社會，促進文化交流，而一些移民感覺這一舉措讓自己受到了傷害。 　Why does Cojochru have to take a language test？____A____ A．To continue to stay in Italy. B.To teach her c

42、hildren Italian. C．To find a better job in Italy. D.To better mix with the Italians. 解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段第二句話中的but in order to stay she's had to prove her language skills by taking a test可知，為了能繼續(xù)留在意大利，科約卡魯需要參加語言測試來證明她的語言技能。故選A。 　Some people worry that the new language requirement may ____B____.

43、 A．reduce Italy's population quickly B.cause conflicts among people C．lead to financial difficulties D.put pressure on schools 解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段第一句話中的such measures will become more a vehicle for intolerance than integration可以看出，有的移民擔心對移民的語言測試和要求可能會導致各民族間的偏執(zhí)而非融合，故選B項“在人們之間引起沖突”。 　What do w

44、e know about Cojochru？____C____ A．She lives with her sister now in Italy. B．She enjoys learning the Italian language. D．She speaks Italian well enough for her job. C．She wishes to go back to her home country. 解析：考查推理判斷。由最后一段中的even though she's stayed in the country for years and can speak the l

45、ocal language fluently可以看出，科約卡魯?shù)囊獯罄Z說得足夠流利，這讓她能夠勝任她的工作，故選C項。 題　　組　　二 　　　　 (2017·北京，A) It was a cold March day in High Point, North Carolina. The girls on the Wesleyan Academy softball were waiting for their next turns at bat during practice, stamping their feet to stay warm. Eighth－grader Tayl

46、or Bisbee shivered(發(fā)抖) a little as she watched her teammate Paris White play. The two didn't know each other well—Taylor had just moved to town a month or so before. Suddenly, Paris fell to the ground. “Paris's eyes rolled back，” Taylor says. “She started shaking. I knew it was an emergency.”

47、 It certainly was. Paris had suffered a sudden heart failure. Without immediate medical care, Paris would die. At first, no one moved. The girls were in shock. Then the softball coach shouted out, “Does anyone know CPR？” CPR is a life－saving technique. To do CPR, you press on the sick perso

48、n's chest so that blood moves through the body and takes oxygen to organs. Without oxygen the brain is damaged quickly. Amazingly, Taylor had just taken a CPR course the day before. Still, she hesitated. She didn't think she knew it well enough. But when no one else came forward, Taylor ran to Pari

49、s and began doing CPR. “It was scary. I knew it was the difference between life and death，” says Taylor. Taylor's swift action helped her teammates calm down. One girl called 911. Two more ran to get the school nurse, who brought a defibrillator, an electronic device(器械) that can shock the heart ba

50、ck into work. Luck stayed with them: Paris's heartbeat returned. “I know I was really lucky，” Paris says now. “Most people don't survive this. My team saved my life.” Experts say Paris is right: For a sudden heart failure, the single best chance for survival is having someone nearby step in and do

51、 CPR quickly. Today, Paris is back on the softball team. Taylor will apply to college soon. She wants to be a nurse. “I feel more confident in my actions now，” Taylor says. “I know I can act under pressure in a scary situation.” 文章大意：這是一篇記敘文。文中講述了壘球隊中的女隊員Paris在打球過程中突發(fā)心力衰竭，隊友Taylor對她進行了緊急心肺復蘇，Paris

52、最后恢復了心跳的故事。Taylor勇敢、冷靜，用所學的急救知識救助他人。 ?　What happened to Paris on a March day？____B____ A．She caught a bad cold. B．She had a sudden heart problem. C．She was knocked down by a ball. D．She shivered terribly during practice. 解析：考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“It certainly was.Paris had suffered a sudden heart fail

53、ure”可知，Paris突發(fā)心力衰竭。故選B。 ?　Why does Paris say she was lucky？____C____ A．She made a worthy friend. B．She recovered from shock. C．She received immediate CPR. D．She came back on the softball team. 解析：考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第五段中的“But when no one else came forward, Taylor ran to Paris and began doing CPR”以及第六段在隊友

54、和學校護士的幫助下Paris的心跳恢復了(Paris's heartbeat returned)以及倒數(shù)第二段中的“For a sudden heart failure，the single best chance for survival is having someone nearby step in and do CPR quickly”可知，Paris得到了及時的心肺復蘇(CPR)救助。故選C。 ?　Which of the following words can best describe Taylor？____B____ A．Enthusiastic and kind. B．

55、Courageous and calm. C．Cooperative and generous. D．Ambitious and professional. 解析：考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第五段中的“But when no one else came forward, Taylor ran to Paris and began doing CPR.‘It was scary.I knew it was the difference between life and death，’says Taylor”和第六段中的“Taylor's swift action helped her teamma

56、tes calm down”可知，Taylor是一位勇敢、冷靜的女孩。面對緊急情況，她不慌不亂，用所學的急救知識迅速幫助他人，并用自己的舉動感染隊友，讓她們鎮(zhèn)靜下來參與救助。故選B。 　　　　 (2017·全國Ⅱ，B) I first met Paul Newman in 1968, when George Roy Hill, the director of Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid, introduced us in New York City. When the studio didn't want me for the film—it w

57、anted somebody as well known as Paul—he stood up for me. I don't know how many people would have done that; they would have listened to their agents or the studio powers. The friendship that grew out of the experience of making that film and The Sting four years later had its root in the fact that

58、although there was an age difference, we both came from a tradition of theater and live TV. We were respectful of craft(技藝)and focused on digging into the characters we were going to play. Both of us had the qualities and virtues that are typical of American actors: humorous, aggressive, and making

59、fun of each other—but always with an underlying affection. Those were also at the core(核心)of our relationship off the screen. We shared the belief that if you're fortunate enough to have success, you should put something back—he with his Newman's Own food and his Hole in the Wall camps for kids who

60、 are seriously ill, and me with Sundance and the institute and the festival. Paul and I didn't see each other all that regularly, but sharing __that__ brought us together. We supported each other financially and by showing up at events. I last saw him a few months ago. He'd been in and out of the h

61、ospital. He and I both knew what the deal was, and we didn't talk about it. Ours was a relationship that didn't need a lot of words. 文章大意：本文是一篇記敘文。作者講述了與Paul的相識及與其建立友誼的原因，雖不常見面但是卻因共同的信念而保持著友誼。 ?　Why was the studio unwilling to give the role to author at first？____C____ A．Paul Newman wanted it. B

62、．The studio powers didn't like his agent. C．He wasn't famous enough. D．The director recommended someone else. 解析：考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“When the studio didn't want me for the film—it wanted somebody as well known as Paul—he stood up for me”可知，攝影棚起初不愿意給作者角色的原因是想找一個與Paul一樣著名的人物。故可知作者當時不夠有名。該題選C項。 ?　Why di

63、d Paul and the author have a lasting friendship？____D____ A．They were of the same age. B．They worked in the same theater. C．They were both good actors. D．They have similar characteristics. 解析：考查推理判斷。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“We were respectful of craft(技藝)and focused on digging into the characters we were goin

64、g to play.Both of us had the qualities and virtues that are typical of American actors”可知，作者與Paul之所以擁有持久的友誼是因為他們有相似的性格特征。故D項符合題意。 ?　What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 refer to？____A____ A．Their belief.　　 B．Their care for children. C．Their success. D．Their support for each other.

65、 解析：考查代詞指代。根據(jù)第三段中的“We shared the belief that if you're fortunate enough to have success，you should put something back”可知，下文的內(nèi)容是對the belief的解釋，that引導同位語從句，解釋說明the belief的具體內(nèi)容。下文提到了我們并不經(jīng)常見面，但是分享這個信念把我們帶到了一起。故選A項。 ?　What is the author's purpose in writing the text？____B____ A．To show his love of film

66、s. B．To remember a friend. C．To introduce a new movie. D．To share his acting experience. 解析：考查寫作目的。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容，尤其是第一段中的“I first met Paul Newman in 1968”以及最后一段中的“I last saw him a few months ago”可知，該篇文章的寫作目的是回憶一位朋友，所以選B項。 　　　　 (2017·江蘇，C) A new commodity brings about a highly profitable, fast－growing industry，urging antitrust(反壟斷)regulators to step in to check those who control its flow. A century ago, the resource in question was oil. Now similar concerns are being raised by the giants(巨頭)that